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<document id="770E366778A6D6FE409D413357B6716B" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.905.2325" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10127256" ID-ZooBank="160592A4-64B3-40C7-BA75-8CE075F873A5" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1699620584683" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gumovsky, Alex" docDate="2023" docId="0385E767FF9EAC506DF4FAD8FA89F949" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2023.905.1-83.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 905" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2325/10109" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Colpixys Waterston 1916" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FFBC9F1FFF9DAC5F6C5BFFECFFFEFFFB" masterDocTitle="Revision of Xiphentedon Risbec, 1957 and Colpixys Waterston, 1916 (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with descriptions of new species from the Afrotropics" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1703245466857" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="220ABEC70527A984F5751BC4E2D8A925">Revision of Xiphentedon Risbec, 1957 and Colpixys Waterston, 1916 (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with descriptions of new species from the Afrotropics</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8CAC233C09D16455D397FB09F817846D">Gumovsky, Alex</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="18B3BEE038CB8F189F62895E527FB22F">Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, 15 Bogdan Khmelnitsky Street, 01054 Kyiv, Ukraine &amp; School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa &amp; State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="C33605FAFF9EAC5C6DF4FAD8FB7BFAB5" box="[431,1157,1332,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9EAC5C6DF4FAD8FB7BFAB5" blockId="3.[431,1157,1332,1359]" box="[431,1157,1332,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D0DBE11DFF9EAC5C6DF4FAD8FB7BFAB5" box="[431,1157,1332,1359]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6DF4FAD8FB7BFAB5" bold="true" box="[431,1157,1332,1359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6DF4FAD8FDE9FAB4" ID-CoL="3SKK" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[431,535,1332,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6DF4FAD8FDE9FAB4" bold="true" box="[431,535,1332,1359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6E7DFAD8FD3FFAB4" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[550,705,1332,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6E7DFAD8FD3FFAB4" bold="true" box="[550,705,1332,1359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and morphologically similar genera
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33605FAFF9EAC556CE6FA9AFB9DFE70" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9EAC5C6CE6FA9AFB14F9BB" blockId="3.[188,1400,1398,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The genera 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6D16FA9AFE4AFA6B" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[333,436,1398,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6D16FA9AFE4AFA6B" box="[333,436,1398,1424]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6DA9FA9AFD78FA6B" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[498,646,1398,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6DA9FA9AFD78FA6B" box="[498,646,1398,1424]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar and likely related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C684DFA9AFB86FA6B" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[1046,1144,1398,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C684DFA9AFB86FA6B" box="[1046,1144,1398,1424]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differ mainly in the morphology of the mesosoma, in particular in the median area of the propodeum. In both genera the median carina, which is the key diagnostic character for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6FD5FA50FC10FA2D" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[910,1006,1468,1494]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6FD5FA50FC10FA2D" box="[910,1006,1468,1494]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is replaced by a median strip or furrow varying in shape and sculpture. Also, there are other features of head and mesosoma which either suggest relationships between or being critical for differentiation of the mentioned above genera. A review of some key characters is provided below, ranging from the propodeum to the head.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9EAC5C6CE6F984FE51F979" blockId="3.[189,431,1639,1666]" box="[189,431,1639,1666]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6CE6F984FEB1F979" bold="true" box="[189,335,1640,1666]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Propodeum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9EAC5C6D04F98BFE5DF979" box="[351,419,1639,1666]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9EAC5C6CE6F97AFAD7F90C" blockId="3.[189,1399,1686,1785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The main characters distinguishing 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6E30F97AFD33F94B" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[619,717,1686,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6E30F97AFD33F94B" box="[619,717,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6E85F97AFC8CF94B" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[734,882,1686,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6E85F97AFC8CF94B" box="[734,882,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6FEAF97AFBE6F94B" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[945,1048,1686,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6FEAF97AFBE6F94B" box="[945,1048,1686,1712]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from each other concern the structure of the propodeum. The possession of the complete median propodeal carina (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9EAC5C68E7F955FAC2F928" box="[1212,1340,1721,1747]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1A–C</figureCitation>
, mc) has been considered as diagnostic for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6E21F931FD22F90C" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[634,732,1757,1783]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6E21F931FD22F90C" box="[634,732,1757,1783]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Erd̂s 1944; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF9EAC5C6FD9F931FBDBF90D" author="Graham M. W. R. de V." box="[898,1061,1756,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="167 - 275" refId="ref32906" refString="Graham M. W. R. de V. 1963. Additions and corrections to the British list of Eulophidae (Hym., Chalcidoidea), with descriptions of some new species. Transactions of the Society for British Entomology 15 (9): 167 - 275." type="journal article" year="1963">Graham 1963</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF9EAC5C6869F931FB8EF90C" author="Graham M. W. R. de V." box="[1074,1136,1757,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="313 - 358" refId="ref32957" refString="Graham M. W. R. de V. 1971. Revision of British Entedon (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), with description of four new species. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 123 (3): 313 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1971. tb 00846. x" type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF9EAC5C6827F931FAE2F90C" author="Boucek Z." box="[1148,1308,1757,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref32420" refString="Boucek Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A Biosystematic Revision of Genera of Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K. and Cambrian News Ltd, Aberystwyth, Wales." type="book" year="1988">Bouček 1988</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9EAC5C6CE6F8F2FCAEF813" blockId="3.[189,1401,1822,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
The median carina is a keel-shaped structure stretching from the anterior to the posterior edge of the propodeum (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9EAC5C6D08F8ADFE2DF8A0" box="[339,467,1857,1883]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1A–C</figureCitation>
, mc). It may slightly bifurcate anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9EAC5C6F99F8ADFBE2F8A0" box="[962,1052,1857,1883]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
, mc) or disappear posteriorly in a raised coarse reticulation (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9EAC5C6E75F888FD77F884" box="[558,649,1892,1919]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6EE7F888FCE0F885" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[700,798,1892,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6EE7F888FCE0F885" box="[700,798,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In most Afrotropical, Indo-Malay, Australian and some Holarctic species, the carina is surrounded by groove-like channels on the sides (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9EAC5C68B9F864FAC1F859" box="[1250,1343,1928,1954]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
, lc). This carina is absent in the described species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6F54F847FC5DF83E" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[783,931,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6F54F847FC5DF83E" box="[783,931,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9EAC5C6FEDF847FBEAF83E" box="[950,1044,1963,1989]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9EAC5C6806F847FB3AF83E" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[1117,1220,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9EAC5C6806F847FB3AF83E" box="[1117,1220,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9EAC5C688CF847FACEF83E" box="[1239,1328,1963,1989]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
) and, correspondingly, in all the new species described below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF99AC5B6CE6FEE5FD5FFE76" blockId="4.[189,1398,265,397]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
The median propodeal area of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6E16FEE5FD4AFED8" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[589,692,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6E16FEE5FD4AFED8" box="[589,692,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6EA6FEE5FC6FFED8" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[765,913,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6EA6FEE5FC6FFED8" box="[765,913,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may appear in one of three different configurations: (1) smooth flat strip delimited by nearly straight carinae (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF99AC5B686BFEC0FB73FEBD" box="[1072,1165,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
, mstr); (2) shallow coriaceous strip delimited by fine carinae (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF99AC5B6EEBFEA3FCBFFE91" box="[688,833,335,362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-56@36.[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 18. Xiphentedon musimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Propodeum. D. Posterior mesosoma in dorso-lateral view (axillula is arrowed). E. Face. F. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127294/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 18C–D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF99AC5B6F0BFEBCFC58FE91" box="[848,934,336,362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,275,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-61@39.[228,1360,266,1883]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Xiphentedon simoni sp. nov. ♀, holotype (Tanzania; SAMC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Mesosoma. E–F. Head. E. Dorsal view. F. Frontal view. G. Posterior part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127296/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">19D, G</figureCitation>
); (3) sunken coriaceous furrow sharply delimited by raised borders (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF99AC5B6E56FE9EFD9DFE76" box="[525,611,370,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
, mf).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF99AC5A6CE6FE58FE7CFE2E" blockId="4.[189,1399,436,498]" lastBlockId="5.[187,1399,265,470]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
The coriaceous furrow sharply delimited by raised borders is diagnostic for both hitherto described species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6D65FE3BFE5BFE0A" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[318,421,471,497]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6D65FE3BFE5BFE0A" box="[318,421,471,497]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6DE3FE34FDC9FE0A" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[440,567,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="necator">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6DE3FE34FDC9FE0A" box="[440,567,472,498]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. necator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF99AC5B6E1CFE3BFD09FE09" box="[583,759,471,498]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1845,1871]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-55@20.[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. A, C–D. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). B. C. eburnus sp. nov. (paratype, Ivory Coast; CBGP). E–F. C. gigas Bouček, 1972 (paratype, Ghana; NHMUK). A–B. Propodeum. C–D, F. Axillula. E. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127276/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Fig. 9A and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6EBBFE34FD09FE09" authority="Boucek, 1972" authorityName="Boucek" authorityYear="1972" box="[736,759,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6EBBFE34FD09FE09" box="[736,759,472,498]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</figureCitation>
. gigas 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF99AC5B6F15FE3BFC08FE0A" author="Boucek Z." box="[846,1014,471,497]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="199 - 205" refId="ref32376" refString="Boucek Z. 1972. Descriptions of new eulophid parasites (Hym., Chalcidoidea) from Africa and the Canary Islands. Bulletin of Entomological Research 62: 199 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300047647" type="journal article" year="1972">Bouček, 1972</bibRefCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF99AC5B685FFE3BFBA5FE0A" box="[1028,1115,471,497]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
, mf), as well as for the below-described 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6DDCFEE5FDF7FED8" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[391,521,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eburnus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6DDCFEE5FDF7FED8" box="[391,521,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. eburnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF98AC5A6E4AFEE6FD92FEDF" box="[529,620,266,292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6E27FEE5FD24FED8" box="[636,730,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1845,1871]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-55@20.[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. A, C–D. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). B. C. eburnus sp. nov. (paratype, Ivory Coast; CBGP). E–F. C. gigas Bouček, 1972 (paratype, Ghana; NHMUK). A–B. Propodeum. C–D, F. Axillula. E. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127276/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
). The 
<typeStatus id="5497E8D3FF98AC5A6F7EFEE6FCA6FEDF" box="[805,856,266,292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6F85FEE5FB8FFED8" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[990,1137,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6F85FEE5FB8FFED8" box="[990,1137,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A68DBFEE6FB02FED8" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1152,1276,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kayovei">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A68DBFEE6FB02FED8" box="[1152,1276,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">X. kayovei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and most of the other (new) species gathered below into the 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6F49FEC1FC95FEBC" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[786,875,301,327]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kayovei">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6F49FEC1FC95FEBC" box="[786,875,301,327]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">kayovei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, possess a smooth or light coriaceous median strip (of either broad V or Y shape) delimited by fine carinae on the median propodeum (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6949FEBCFA8EFE90" box="[1298,1392,336,363]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 1D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6CE6FE98FF0EFE75" box="[189,240,372,398]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-72@28.[189,1399,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 13. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957. A–D. ♀, holotype (Rwanda; MRAC). E–F. ♂ (Rwanda; MRAC). A, E. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head enlarged. C. Head and mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Part of mesosoma in lateral view, axillula is arrowed and is shown in inset. F. Head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">13C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6CA0FE98FED1FE75" box="[251,303,372,398]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1931,1957]" captionTargetBox="[308,1278,264,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-55@29.[308,1278,264,1894]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957, ♀ (Rwanda; MRAC). A–B. Habitus in lateral view. C. Habitus in dorsal view.D. Head and mesosoma.E. Propodeum.F–G. Head in frontal view.F. General view. G. Lower face enlarged." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127286/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">14E</figureCitation>
). The coriaceous, distinctly margined strip (often Y-shaped) is found in some species described below under the proposed 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6DA6FE74FD7DFE49" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gumovsky" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[509,643,408,434]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielssoni">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6DA6FE74FD7DFE49" box="[509,643,408,434]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">danielssoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6EE4FE74FCEAFE49" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[703,788,408,434]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forceps">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6EE4FE74FCEAFE49" box="[703,788,408,434]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">forceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
groups of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6FC3FE74FBD2FE49" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[920,1068,408,434]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6FC3FE74FBD2FE49" box="[920,1068,408,434]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6867FE74FB52FE49" box="[1084,1196,408,434]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[189,232,1829,1855]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-54@44.[189,1399,265,1775]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 21. Xiphentedon danielssoni (Gumovsky, 1997) comb. nov., paratypes (RSA; MZLU). A–C. ♀. D–E. ♂. A–B, D. Habitus in lateral view. C. Mesosoma. E. Head and anterior part of mesosoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127300/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 21C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A68E1FE74FB0EFE48" box="[1210,1264,408,435]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="50.[189,232,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[203,1384,265,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-58@50.[203,1384,265,1890]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Fig. 25. Xiphentedon jeanyvesi sp. nov., ♀, from CAR (SAM-HYM-P065301). A–C. Habitus. A. Fronto-dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Dorsal view. D. Mesosoma and posterior part of metasoma. E. Mesosoma in lateral view; the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127310" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127310/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">25D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A68A6FE74FAD1FE49" box="[1277,1327,408,434]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[189,232,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,464,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-98@53.[189,1399,464,1879]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 26. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). C–F. ♀, paratypes (CAR; SAMC). A–D. Habitus in lateral (A, D), dorsal (B) and dorso-lateral (C) views. E. Propodeum. F. Mesosoma in dorso-lateral view; the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127312" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127312/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">26E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6966FE74FA8FFE49" box="[1341,1393,408,434]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="54.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-66@54.[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Fig. 27. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). A, C, F. Head in dorsal (A) and frontal (C, F) views. B. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. D. Propodeum and petiole. E. Mesosoma, ventral view. The flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed in E–F." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127314/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">27D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6CE4FE50FF0EFE2D" box="[191,240,444,470]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="55.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-40@55.[189,1399,265,1774]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Fig. 28. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). C–D. ♀, ‘FCI’ specimen (CBGP). A, C. Propodeum (arrows indicate axillula). B, D. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127316/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28A</figureCitation>
and others).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5306F9FF99AC5B6CE6F917FDB1F813" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" targetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF99AC5B6CE6F917FDB1F813" blockId="4.[188,1401,1787,2025]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6CE6F917FEF2F8EE" bold="true" box="[189,268,1787,1813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
Propodeum. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6DF0F917FE41F8EE" bold="true" box="[427,447,1787,1813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6D94F917FC9EF8EE" authority="Szelenyi, 1981" authorityName="Szelenyi" authorityYear="1981" box="[463,864,1787,1813]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6D94F917FD58F8EE" box="[463,678,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Entedon sylvestris</emphasis>
Szelényi, 1981
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6808F917FB99F8EE" bold="true" box="[1107,1127,1787,1813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B682CF917FEA8F8C3" authority="Erdos, 1944" authorityName="Erdos" authorityYear="1944" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassiscapus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B682CF917FA89F8EE" box="[1143,1399,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Entedon crassiscapus</emphasis>
Erdös, 1944
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6E2AF8F2FD78F8C3" bold="true" box="[625,646,1822,1848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6EC5F8F2FB2DF8C3" authority="(Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Girault &amp; Dodd" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[670,1235,1822,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6EC5F8F2FC70F8C3" box="[670,910,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Entedon magnificus</emphasis>
(Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (SANC). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6CE6F8AEFF2CF8A7" bold="true" box="[189,210,1858,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6CBEF8ADFDFFF8A0" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[229,513,1857,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neserorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6CBEF8ADFDFFF8A0" box="[229,513,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Xiphentedon neserorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF99AC5B6E56F8AEFD90F8A7" box="[525,622,1858,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6F2AF8AEFC7BF8A7" bold="true" box="[881,901,1858,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6FCCF8ADFAAFF8A7" authority="(Risbec, 1958)" baseAuthorityName="Risbec" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[919,1361,1857,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pediobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ropalidiae">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6FCCF8ADFB6FF8A0" box="[919,1169,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pediobius ropalidiae</emphasis>
(Risbec, 1958)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (paratype, MRAC). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6DFDF889FE46F884" bold="true" box="[422,440,1893,1919]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">F</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF99AC5B6D9CF889FCE0F884" authority="Boucek, 1972" authorityName="Boucek" authorityYear="1972" box="[455,798,1893,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF99AC5B6D9CF889FD8AF885" box="[455,628,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Colpixys gigas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF99AC5B6E21F889FCE0F884" author="Boucek Z." box="[634,798,1893,1919]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="199 - 205" refId="ref32376" refString="Boucek Z. 1972. Descriptions of new eulophid parasites (Hym., Chalcidoidea) from Africa and the Canary Islands. Bulletin of Entomological Research 62: 199 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300047647" type="journal article" year="1972">Bouček, 1972</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF98AC5A6CE6FE11FC26FD31" blockId="5.[188,1398,509,714]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The median propodeal strip of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6E69FE11FD38FDEC" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[562,710,509,535]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6E69FE11FD38FDEC" box="[562,710,509,535]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may or may be not homologous to the median propodeal furrow of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6D66FDCDFE5AFDC0" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[317,420,545,571]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6D66FDCDFE5AFDC0" box="[317,420,545,571]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. On the one hand, this groove-like strip may appear homologous to the lateral channels occasionally flanking the median propodeal carina in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6FCDFDA9FC06FDA4" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[918,1016,581,607]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6FCDFDA9FC06FDA4" box="[918,1016,581,607]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A685DFDA9FB9EFDA4" box="[1030,1120,581,607]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
, lc), i.e., being resultant from the secondary loss of the carina. On the other hand, the median strip may appear homologous to the median propodeal carina of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6E59FD60FD9AFD5D" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[514,612,652,678]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6E59FD60FD9AFD5D" box="[514,612,652,678]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6E2FFD60FD30FD5D" box="[628,718,652,678]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
, mc), being a derivation of a longitudinal split of its apical bifurcation. Both these hypotheses require independent verification.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF98AC5A6CE6FD1EFDCDFC60" blockId="5.[189,1399,754,923]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The median furrow (or groove) is relatively rare in entedonines. It is present in a state similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6CE6FCF9FEDAFCD4" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[189,292,789,815]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6CE6FCF9FEDAFCD4" box="[189,292,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6D9CFCFAFCB9FCCB" authority="Gumovsky, 2007" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2007" box="[455,839,789,816]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Afrotroppopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6D9CFCFAFD8BFCCB" box="[455,629,790,816]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Afrotroppopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6E26FCF9FCB9FCCB" author="Gumovsky A. V." box="[637,839,789,816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref33140" refString="Gumovsky A. V. 2007. Taxonomic notes on genera allied to Pleurotroppopsis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae, Entedoninae) with description of a new genus from the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 1415 (1): 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1415.1.1" type="journal article" year="2007">Gumovsky, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6F0CFCF9FBDCFCCB" author="Gumovsky A. V." box="[855,1058,789,816]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref33140" refString="Gumovsky A. V. 2007. Taxonomic notes on genera allied to Pleurotroppopsis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae, Entedoninae) with description of a new genus from the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 1415 (1): 1 - 16. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1415.1.1" type="journal article" year="2007">Gumovsky 2007</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1c). It is also present in modified states in some species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6E0FFCD5FC90FCA8" authority="Walker, 1846" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[596,878,825,851]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pediobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6E0FFCD5FD37FCA8" box="[596,713,825,851]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pediobius</emphasis>
Walker, 1846
</taxonomicName>
, e.g., 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6FEFFCD6FC34FCA8" box="[948,970,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Р.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6F8AFCD5FB00FCAF" authority="(Risbec, 1958)" baseAuthorityName="Risbec" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[977,1278,825,852]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pediobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ropalidiae">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6F8AFCD5FBB4FCA8" box="[977,1098,825,851]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ropalidiae</emphasis>
(Risbec, 1958)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6955FCD5FA99FCA8" box="[1294,1383,825,851]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
), where the submedian carinae are nearly subparallel (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6F73FCB1FC7FFC8C" box="[808,897,861,887]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
, smc), but weakly diverging posteriorly as in the majority of its congeners.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF98AC5A6CE6FC2FFDFBFB01" blockId="5.[186,1400,963,1275]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Another essential character, which has not been discussed for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6FC4FC2FFBFFFC26" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[927,1025,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6FC4FC2FFBFFFC26" box="[927,1025,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and allied genera, is the lateral propodeal sulcus (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6DD5FC0AFDF2FBFB" box="[398,524,998,1024]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1C–D</figureCitation>
). If the sulcus is complete, it surrounds the spiracular elevation and continues posteromedially to the supracoxal flange to the nucha, such that it delimits the submedian propodeal area laterally. The posterior part of the sulcus, referred to as the “channel between median panels and supracoxal flange” by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6D92FBBDFD96FB97" author="Burks R. A." box="[457,616,1105,1132]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref32466" refString="Burks R. A. 2003. Key to the Nearctic Genera of Eulophidae, Subfamilies Entedoninae, Euderinae, and Eulophinae (Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea). World Wide Web electronic publication. Available from http: // faculty. ucr. edu / % 7 Eheraty / Eulophidae / [accessed 24 Sep. 2022]." type="url" year="2003">Burks (2003)</bibRefCitation>
, is often crossed by distinct costulae. The lateral propodeal sulcus is complete in many (chiefly tropical) species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6F4FFB99FC88FB74" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[788,886,1141,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6F4FFB99FC88FB74" box="[788,886,1141,1167]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6FD2FB99FC19FB74" box="[905,999,1141,1167]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
, ls), in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6812FB99FABCFB74" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1097,1346,1141,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kayovei">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6812FB99FABCFB74" box="[1097,1346,1141,1167]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Xiphentedon kayovei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and most new species attributed below to this genus (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6EA6FB75FCA6FB48" box="[765,856,1177,1203]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
, ls), and in some other genera (e.g., 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6959FB76FE9DFB2C" authority="Ihering, 1914" authorityName="Ihering" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Proacrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6959FB76FA88FB48" box="[1282,1398,1178,1203]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Proacrias</emphasis>
Ihering, 1914
</taxonomicName>
). In most Holarctic species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6E81FB50FCC2FB2D" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[730,828,1212,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6E81FB50FCC2FB2D" box="[730,828,1212,1238]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6FC6FB50FBFAFB2D" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[925,1028,1212,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6FC6FB50FBFAFB2D" box="[925,1028,1212,1238]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the sulcus is interrupted in its median part (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6D02FB0CFE0AFB00" box="[345,500,1248,1275]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1A–B, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF98AC5A6CE6FACEFE65FAC7" blockId="5.[189,411,1314,1341]" box="[189,411,1314,1341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6CE6FACEFEE4FAC7" bold="true" box="[189,282,1314,1340]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6D70FACEFE6CFAC7" box="[299,402,1314,1341]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="6.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionStartId-1="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionStartId-2="8.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetId-0="figure-264@6.[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetId-1="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId-2="figure-187@8.[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionText-0="Fig. 2. A–C. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). A. Head and mesosoma. B. Enlarged area in frame on Fig. A. C. Orifices enlarged. D. E. diotimus Walker, 1839, ♀, plica on lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). E–F. Lateral panel of pronotum. E. Colpixys necator Waterson, 1916, ♀ (NHMUK). F. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; psh = lateral pronotal shoulder." captionText-1="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." captionText-2="Fig. 4. Posterior mesosoma and attachment points of hind and mid legs. A. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). B. E. bruchivorus Rasplus, 1990 (NHMUK). C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). D. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, MRAC). E. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM). F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841) (used for SEM). Abbreviations: lep 2 = lower mesepimeron; tps = transepimeral sulcus." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127260" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127264" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10127260/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10127264/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 2–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF98AC5A6CE6FABDFE8AF92A" blockId="5.[188,1399,1361,1745]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The pronotal shoulders, or “the postero-lateral expansions of the pronotum, which form a bump or protuberance” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6D2FFA99FDEFFA74" author="Schauff M. E." box="[372,529,1397,1423]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="30 - 62" refId="ref33350" refString="Schauff M. E. 1988. The species of Entedon in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 96 (1): 30 - 62." type="journal article" year="1988">Schauff 1988</bibRefCitation>
), or “lateral bullae” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6F53FA99FC56FA74" author="Schauff M. E." box="[776,936,1397,1423]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="4" refId="ref33388" refString="Schauff M. E. 1991. The Holarctic Genera of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 26 (4). The American Entomological Institute, Logan, UT." type="journal article" year="1991">Schauff 1991</bibRefCitation>
) have often been considered diagnostic for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6CB3FA74FEB4FA49" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[232,330,1432,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6CB3FA74FEB4FA49" box="[232,330,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingRegion id="49E89893FF98AC5A6D00FA75FE72FA4E" box="[347,396,1433,1461]" country="Hungary" name="Erd" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Erd</collectingRegion>
̂s 1944; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6DAEFA74FD64FA49" author="Graham M. W. R. de V." box="[501,666,1432,1458]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="167 - 275" refId="ref32906" refString="Graham M. W. R. de V. 1963. Additions and corrections to the British list of Eulophidae (Hym., Chalcidoidea), with descriptions of some new species. Transactions of the Society for British Entomology 15 (9): 167 - 275." type="journal article" year="1963">Graham 1963</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6EFCFA75FD1BFA48" author="Graham M. W. R. de V." box="[679,741,1433,1459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="313 - 358" refId="ref32957" refString="Graham M. W. R. de V. 1971. Revision of British Entedon (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), with description of four new species. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 123 (3): 313 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1971. tb 00846. x" type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6EA9FA74FC70FA48" author="Boucek Z." box="[754,910,1432,1459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref32420" refString="Boucek Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A Biosystematic Revision of Genera of Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K. and Cambrian News Ltd, Aberystwyth, Wales." type="book" year="1988">Bouček 1988</bibRefCitation>
), and for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A685CFA74FB97FA49" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[1031,1129,1432,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A685CFA74FB97FA49" box="[1031,1129,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A68FFFA74FEFAFA2D" authority="(Schauff 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A68FFFA74FAF5FA49" box="[1188,1291,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Colpixys</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6941FA74FF09FA2D" author="Schauff M. E." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="30 - 62" refId="ref33350" refString="Schauff M. E. 1988. The species of Entedon in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 96 (1): 30 - 62." type="journal article" year="1988">Schauff 1988</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. This ‘shoulder’ represents a callus on the lateral panel of the pronotum (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A682AFA50FB15FA2D" box="[1137,1259,1468,1494]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-264@6.[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. A–C. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). A. Head and mesosoma. B. Enlarged area in frame on Fig. A. C. Orifices enlarged. D. E. diotimus Walker, 1839, ♀, plica on lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). E–F. Lateral panel of pronotum. E. Colpixys necator Waterson, 1916, ♀ (NHMUK). F. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; psh = lateral pronotal shoulder." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127260/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2E–F</figureCitation>
, psh) in the above-mentioned genera. In most other entedonines the pronotum is smoothly curved, not forming any lateral swellings or protrusions. Similar, but not identical dorsal expansions of the pronotum are present in some other representatives of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6E13F9CBFD20F9BA" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[584,734,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
, for instance, in species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6877F9CBFA89F9BA" authority="Girault, 1913" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[1068,1399,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Apleurotropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6877F9CBFB33F9BA" box="[1068,1229,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Apleurotropis</emphasis>
Girault, 1913
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6C9DF9A7FED8F99E" box="[198,294,1611,1637]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
, dsh), 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6D26F9A7FD0DF99E" authority="Girault, 1913" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[381,755,1611,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pleurotroppopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6D26F9A7FDB9F99E" box="[381,583,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pleurotroppopsis</emphasis>
Girault, 1913
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6F5DF9A7FC98F99E" box="[774,870,1611,1637]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6FDBF9A7FB0FF99D" authority="Girault, 1915" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1915" box="[896,1265,1611,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Parahorismenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6FDBF9A7FBBCF99E" box="[896,1090,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Parahorismenus</emphasis>
Girault, 1915
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A695AF9A0FE83F972" authority="Ashmead, 1904" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Paracrias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A695AF9A0FA88F99E" box="[1281,1398,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paracrias</emphasis>
Ashmead, 1904
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6DD4F99CFD15F972" authority="Westwood, 1833" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1833" box="[399,747,1647,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Derostenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6DD4F99CFDEAF972" box="[399,532,1648,1673]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Derostenus</emphasis>
Westwood, 1833
</taxonomicName>
, and also in some 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6F85F983FBADF972" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1846" box="[990,1107,1647,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pediobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6F85F983FBADF972" box="[990,1107,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pediobius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and others. The lateral protrusion (‘shoulders’) of the pronotum represent an expansion of the sharply delimited pronotal collar in these genera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF98AC5A6CE6F914FD5DF812" blockId="5.[189,1399,1784,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
The pronotal shoulder of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6DBEF914FDB9F8E9" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[485,583,1784,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6DBEF914FDB9F8E9" box="[485,583,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and allied groups is bordered by a semicircular ridge (or plica) below (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6C9FF8F0FE71F8CD" author="Gumovsky A. V." box="[196,399,1820,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="193 - 219" refId="ref33075" refString="Gumovsky A. V. 2002. Monophyly and preliminary phylogeny of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae): 28 S D 2 rDNA considerations and morphological support. In: Melika G. &amp; Thuroczy Cs. (eds) Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control: 193 - 219. Agroinform, Budapest, Hungary." type="book chapter" year="2002">Gumovsky 2002</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6DC6F8F0FE24F8CD" author="Gumovsky A. V." box="[413,474,1820,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="273 - 286" refId="ref33194" refString="Gumovsky A. V. 2011. Molecular data support the existence of four main lineages in the phylogeny of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera). Russian Entomological Journal 20 (3): 273 - 286. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / rusentj. 20.3.10" type="journal article" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF98AC5A6DB2F8F0FD40F8CD" author="Burks R. A. &amp; Heraty J. M. &amp; Gebiola M. &amp; Hansson C." box="[489,702,1820,1846]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref32524" refString="Burks R. A., Heraty J. M., Gebiola M. &amp; Hansson C. 2011. Combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), with focus on the subfamily Entedoninae. Cladistics 27: 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2011.00358. x" type="journal article" year="2011">
Burks 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6E62F8F1FD91F8CD" box="[569,623,1820,1846]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6E97F8F0FCE8F8CD" box="[716,790,1820,1846]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-264@6.[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. A–C. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). A. Head and mesosoma. B. Enlarged area in frame on Fig. A. C. Orifices enlarged. D. E. diotimus Walker, 1839, ♀, plica on lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). E–F. Lateral panel of pronotum. E. Colpixys necator Waterson, 1916, ♀ (NHMUK). F. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; psh = lateral pronotal shoulder." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127260/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, lpl), whereas the upper sector of the lateral panel of the pronotum bears no plica in most other entedonine genera. The pronotal ridge is situated in the upper sector of the lateral panel of the pronotum (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6F56F88FFC7BF886" box="[781,901,1891,1917]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3E–F</figureCitation>
, lpl). The shape of the ridge also varies: it is semicircular in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6DCDF86BFE08F85A" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[406,502,1927,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6DCDF86BFE08F85A" box="[406,502,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6E5CF86BFD90F85A" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[519,622,1927,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6E5CF86BFD90F85A" box="[519,622,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6EF7F86BFCBEF85A" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[684,832,1927,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6EF7F86BFCBEF85A" box="[684,832,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6F0BF86BFC64F85A" box="[848,922,1927,1953]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-264@6.[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. A–C. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). A. Head and mesosoma. B. Enlarged area in frame on Fig. A. C. Orifices enlarged. D. E. diotimus Walker, 1839, ♀, plica on lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). E–F. Lateral panel of pronotum. E. Colpixys necator Waterson, 1916, ♀ (NHMUK). F. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; psh = lateral pronotal shoulder." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127260/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, lpl), but nearly straight in the shape of a carina in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6D12F847FE14F83E" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[329,490,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Apleurotropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6D12F847FE14F83E" box="[329,490,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Apleurotropis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6DA7F847FD38F83E" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[508,710,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pleurotroppopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6DA7F847FD38F83E" box="[508,710,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pleurotroppopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6E83F847FBD1F83E" authority="Foerster, 1856" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[728,1071,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6E83F847FC88F83E" box="[728,886,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Chrysocharis</emphasis>
Foerster, 1856
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF98AC5A6865F847FF06F813" authority="Girault, 1913" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Achrysocharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF98AC5A6865F847FAEFF83E" box="[1086,1297,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Achrysocharoides</emphasis>
Girault, 1913
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF98AC5A6D53F822FEB1F813" box="[264,335,1998,2024]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, pcr) and some other genera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9BAC596CE6FEE5FB0EFE4B" blockId="6.[189,1399,265,432]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
One of the peculiarities of the lateral pronotal ridge of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596F23FEE5FC24FED8" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[888,986,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596F23FEE5FC24FED8" box="[888,986,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596FB5FEE5FBABFED8" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[1006,1109,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596FB5FEE5FBABFED8" box="[1006,1109,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC5968C2FEE5FAD3FED8" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1177,1325,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC5968C2FEE5FAD3FED8" box="[1177,1325,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is its proximity to a sparse group of orifices near its anterior margin (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9BAC596FC7FEC0FC1AFEBD" box="[924,996,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-264@6.[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. A–C. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). A. Head and mesosoma. B. Enlarged area in frame on Fig. A. C. Orifices enlarged. D. E. diotimus Walker, 1839, ♀, plica on lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). E–F. Lateral panel of pronotum. E. Colpixys necator Waterson, 1916, ♀ (NHMUK). F. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; psh = lateral pronotal shoulder." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127260/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, or). Similar orifices are present as a dense group in species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596E5EFEA3FD31FE92" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[517,719,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pleurotroppopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596E5EFEA3FD31FE92" box="[517,719,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pleurotroppopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596F53FEA3FC56FE92" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[776,936,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Apleurotropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596F53FEA3FC56FE92" box="[776,936,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Apleurotropis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which possess a transverse carina that is topologically similar to the lateral pronotal ridge mentioned above (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9BAC596FA7FE9EFBBAFE76" box="[1020,1092,370,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). The nature and function of these orifices is unknown; they may be structures used in a sensory or secretory capacity.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9BAC586CE6FE3BFB26FE91" blockId="6.[188,1399,471,603]" lastBlockId="7.[189,1399,265,362]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The prosternum is the sclerite that is connected posteriorly to the propleuron and bears the prodiscrimen and the profurca (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF9BAC596DD2FE16FDADFDEE" author="Yoder M. J. &amp; Miko, I. &amp; Seltmann K. C. &amp; Bertone M. A. &amp; Deans A. R." box="[393,595,506,533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="15991" refId="ref33543" refString="Yoder M. J., Miko, I., Seltmann K. C., Bertone M. A. &amp; Deans A. R. 2010. A gross anatomy ontology for Hymenoptera. PLoS ONE 5 (12): e 15991. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0015991" type="journal article" year="2010">
Yoder 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596D83FE17FDF4FDEF" box="[472,522,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
). This sclerite is exposed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596FC7FE16FBD1FDEF" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[924,1071,506,532]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
and is visible as a diamondshaped structure due to divergent propleurae, unlike in the subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596FBDFDF2FA8CFDC3" authority="(Gauthier et al. 2000)" baseAuthorityName="Gauthier" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[998,1394,542,568]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eulophinae">
Eulophinae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF9BAC596821FDF2FA95FDC3" author="Gauthier N. &amp; LaSalle J. &amp; Quicke D. L. J. &amp; Godfray H. C. J." box="[1146,1387,542,568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="521 - 539" refId="ref32744" refString="Gauthier N., LaSalle J., Quicke D. L. J. &amp; Godfray H. C. J. 2000. Phylogeny of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), with reclassification of Eulophinae and the recognition that Elasmidae are derived eulophids. Systematic Entomology 25: 521 - 539. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 3113.2000.00134. x" type="journal article" year="2000">
Gauthier 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC5968B2FDF2FAE2FDC3" box="[1257,1308,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al</emphasis>
. 2000
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In most entedonines the prosternum is flat or, if convex, evenly curved. This condition is found in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9AAC586CE6FEE5FEDAFED8" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[189,292,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586CE6FEE5FEDAFED8" box="[189,292,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the exception of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9AAC586E13FEE5FD33FED8" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[584,717,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eburnus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586E13FEE5FD33FED8" box="[584,717,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. eburnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF9AAC586E83FEE6FCC4FEDF" box="[728,826,266,292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, whereas in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9AAC586F83FEE5FB92FED8" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[984,1132,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586F83FEE5FB92FED8" box="[984,1132,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the prosternum bears a flange (occasionally with pubescence on the ventral surface) (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9AAC586F93FEC0FBC3FEBD" box="[968,1085,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[189,232,1670,1696]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-75@45.[189,1399,265,1631]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 22. Xiphentedon danielssoni (Gumovsky, 1997) comb. nov. A–D. ♀, paratype (RSA; MZLU). E–F. ♀, from DRC (Mongbwalu; SIZK). A–B. Head and prothorax. A. Fronto-ventral view. B. Lateral view; pedicel and anelli in inset (B). C–D. Mesosoma.E. Habitus.F. Head in dorsal view.Abbreviations: epp = mesepisternal projection; lep = lower mesepimeron." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127302/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 22A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9AAC586817FEC0FB62FEBD" box="[1100,1180,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="54.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-66@54.[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Fig. 27. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). A, C, F. Head in dorsal (A) and frontal (C, F) views. B. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. D. Propodeum and petiole. E. Mesosoma, ventral view. The flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed in E–F." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127314/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">27E–F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9AAC5868F0FEC0FAFDFEBD" box="[1195,1283,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-60@74.[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 36. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov., ♀, paratype (Benin; CIRAD). A. Head and mesosoma in ventral view. B. Wings, WIP. C–D. Lower face and prothorax, ventral view, the flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed. E. Mesoscutellum and propodeum. F. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127332/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">36C–D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF9AAC586949FEC0FA94FEBD" box="[1298,1386,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="78.[188,231,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,397,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-117@78.[189,1399,397,1886]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="Fig. 38. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A. ♀, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). B–E. ♂, paratype (RSA; NHMUK). A. Face. B. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. C. Prosternum. D. Propodeum. E. Axillula. The genal spike is arrowed in A and B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127338/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">38B–C</figureCitation>
). Similar prosternum shapes occur in some species of the putatively related genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9AAC58682BFEA3FB2CFE92" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[1136,1234,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC58682BFEA3FB2CFE92" box="[1136,1234,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5306F9FF9BAC596CE6F8F2FED6F813" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127260" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10127260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127260/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[189,232,1822,1848]" targetBox="[189,1399,627,1792]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9BAC596CE6F8F2FED6F813" blockId="6.[189,1399,1822,2024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596CE6F8F2FEB3F8C3" bold="true" box="[189,333,1822,1849]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2. A–C</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596D07F8F2FD2EF8C2" authority="Walker, 1839" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1839" box="[348,720,1822,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sparetus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596D07F8F2FDD7F8C3" box="[348,553,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Entedon sparetus</emphasis>
Walker, 1839
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (reared from 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596FC2F8F3FA88F8C2" authority="(Gravenhorst, 1807))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1807" box="[921,1398,1822,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Gymnetron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asellus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596FC2F8F3FB8BF8C3" box="[921,1141,1822,1849]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Gymnetron asellus</emphasis>
(Gravenhorst, 1807))
</taxonomicName>
(used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596DD7F8ADFE61F8A0" bold="true" box="[396,415,1857,1883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">A</emphasis>
. Head and mesosoma. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596EE0F8AEFD32F8A7" bold="true" box="[699,716,1858,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
. Enlarged area in frame on Fig. A. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC5968DBF8ADFB6DF8A0" bold="true" box="[1152,1171,1857,1883]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
. Orifices enlarged. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596CE6F889FF2CF884" bold="true" box="[189,210,1893,1919]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">D</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596CBAF88AFDF2F884" authority="Walker, 1839" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1839" box="[225,524,1893,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diotimus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596CBAF88AFE99F884" box="[225,359,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E. diotimus</emphasis>
Walker, 1839
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, plica on lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC5968C2F889FB30F884" bold="true" box="[1177,1230,1893,1920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E–F</emphasis>
. Lateral panel of pronotum. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596D00F864FE91F859" bold="true" box="[347,367,1928,1954]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">E</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596D26F864FCFDF859" authority="Waterson, 1916" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[381,771,1928,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="necator">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596D26F864FDBBF859" box="[381,581,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Colpixys necator</emphasis>
Waterson, 1916
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (NHMUK). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596FE7F864FC30F859" bold="true" box="[956,974,1928,1954]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">F</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9BAC596F80F864FB0CF859" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[987,1266,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neserorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9BAC596F80F864FB0CF859" box="[987,1266,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Xiphentedon neserorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF9BAC5968A2F865FAABF858" box="[1273,1365,1929,1955]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; psh = lateral pronotal shoulder.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9AAC576CE6FE7DFD20FE0D" blockId="7.[189,1401,401,533]" lastBlockId="8.[187,1399,265,503]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
The axillula has been considered to be an indistinctly defined and externally small area posterior to the axilla in the 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9AAC586DDFFE58FDE1FE35" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1817" box="[388,543,436,462]" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="7" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Chalcidoidea">Chalcidoidea</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF9AAC586E6BFE58FC56FE35" author="Krogmann L. &amp; Vilhelmsen L." box="[560,936,436,462]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="615 - 674" refId="ref33243" refString="Krogmann L. &amp; Vilhelmsen L. 2006. Phylogenetic implications of the mesosomal skeleton in Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera, Apocrita) - tree searches in a jungle of homoplasy. Invertebrate Systematics 20: 615 - 674. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 06012" type="journal article" year="2006">Krogmann &amp; Vilhelmsen 2006</bibRefCitation>
). No discernible structures, apart from small carinae or ridges, are generally reported for this area. However, occasionally the axilla bears a projection in some of the groups discussed below. This projection occurs in genera which are not closely related, i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576D17FEE5FE50FED8" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[332,430,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576D17FEE5FE50FED8" box="[332,430,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576E7EFEE5FD58FED8" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[549,678,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Entedonini">Entedonini</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576E90FEE5FC9DFED8" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[715,867,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576F2EFEE5FAF8FEDF" authority="Girault, 1915" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1915" box="[885,1286,265,292]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedononecremnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576F2EFEE5FB9DFED8" box="[885,1123,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Entedononecremnus</emphasis>
Girault, 1915
</taxonomicName>
(the tribe 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576CE7FEC0FE87FEBD" box="[188,377,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Euderomphalini">Euderomphalini</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576DFEFEC0FDC4FEBD" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[421,570,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576ED8FEC0FBCAFEBD" authority="Delvare &amp; LaSalle, 2000" authorityName="Delvare &amp; LaSalle" authorityYear="2000" box="[643,1076,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Trisecodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576ED8FEC0FCFEFEBD" box="[643,768,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Trisecodes</emphasis>
Delvare &amp; LaSalle, 2000
</taxonomicName>
(formerly unplaced within 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576CE4FEA3FDECFE91" authority="Westwood 1829" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1829" box="[191,530,335,362]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eulophidae Westwood 1829</taxonomicName>
, now in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576E24FEA3FC51FE91" authority="Boucek, 1988" authorityName="Boucek" authorityYear="1988" box="[639,943,335,362]" class="Insecta" family="Systasidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Systasidae 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF95AC576F5DFEA3FC51FE91" author="Boucek Z." box="[774,943,335,362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref32420" refString="Boucek Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A Biosystematic Revision of Genera of Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K. and Cambrian News Ltd, Aberystwyth, Wales." type="book" year="1988">Bouček, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF95AC576FE5FEA3FB6BFE91" author="Burks R. &amp; Mitroiu M. D. &amp; Fusu L. &amp; Heraty J. M. &amp; Jansta P. &amp; Heydon S. &amp; Dale-Skey Papilloud N. &amp; Peters R. S. &amp; Woolley J. B. &amp; van Noort S. &amp; Tselikh E. &amp; Baur A. &amp; Cruaud A. &amp; Darling C. &amp; Haas M. &amp; Hanson P. &amp; Krogmann L. &amp; Rasplus J. - Y." box="[958,1173,335,362]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="13 - 88" refId="ref32588" refString="Burks R., Mitroiu M. D., Fusu L., Heraty J. M., Jansta P., Heydon S., Dale-Skey Papilloud N., Peters R. S., Woolley J. B., van Noort S., Tselikh E., Baur A., Cruaud A., Darling C., Haas M., Hanson P., Krogmann L. &amp; Rasplus J. - Y. 2022. From hell's heart I stab at thee! A determined approach towards a monophyletic Pteromalidae and reclassification of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94: 13 - 88. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 94.94263" type="journal article" year="2022">
Burks 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576857FEBCFBBDFE92" box="[1036,1091,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
. 2022
</bibRefCitation>
). The shape of the projection is diverse and provisionally diagnostic at the species level for many Afrotropical, 
<collectingRegion id="49E89893FF95AC576954FE9EFA8CFE77" box="[1295,1394,370,396]" country="Oman" name="Shamal ash Sharqiyah" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oriental</collectingRegion>
, Australasian and occasionally European species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576F5DFE7AFC96FE4B" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[774,872,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576F5DFE7AFC96FE4B" box="[774,872,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but also in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576FB4FE7AFB7DFE4B" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1007,1155,406,432]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576FB4FE7AFB7DFE4B" box="[1007,1155,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as illustrated below. This projection bears two to five tooth-like indentations in these entedonines (for example, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF95AC57695EFE55FA8CFE28" box="[1285,1394,441,467]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-50@27.[189,1399,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957. A–B. ♀, holotype (Rwanda; MRAC). C–F. ♂ (Rwanda; MRAC). A, C. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. D, F. Axillula. E. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127282/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 12F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF95AC576CE6FE30FF0EFE0D" box="[189,240,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-12@32.[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 16. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (RSA; NHMUK). A. Head in latero-dorsal view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Axillula. D. Meso- and metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127290/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">16C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF95AC576CA6FE30FECCFE0D" box="[253,306,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-56@36.[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 18. Xiphentedon musimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Propodeum. D. Posterior mesosoma in dorso-lateral view (axillula is arrowed). E. Face. F. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127294/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">18D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF95AC576D65FE30FE8DFE0D" box="[318,371,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,275,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-61@39.[228,1360,266,1883]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Xiphentedon simoni sp. nov. ♀, holotype (Tanzania; SAMC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Mesosoma. E–F. Head. E. Dorsal view. F. Frontal view. G. Posterior part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127296/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">19G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF95AC576D24FE30FE50FE0D" box="[383,430,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1924,1950]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-164@42.[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Xiphentedon dewittei sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. E. Propodeum. F. Part of mesosoma (axillula is arrowed)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127298/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">20F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF95AC576DE2FE30FE10FE0D" box="[441,494,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,265,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-65@48.[216,1372,265,1901]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 24.Xiphentedon jeanyvesi sp.nov.A–B.♂,holotype (Tanzania; CBGP).C–H. ♀, paratype (Tanzania; CBGP). A, C. Habitus. B. Mesosoma. D (and insets A, C). Head in dorsal view. E, H. Propodeum. F. Posterior part of mesosoma; the axillula is arrowed. G. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127308/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">24G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF95AC576DA1FE30FDACFE0C" box="[506,594,476,503]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="55.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-40@55.[189,1399,265,1774]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Fig. 28. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). C–D. ♀, ‘FCI’ specimen (CBGP). A, C. Propodeum (arrows indicate axillula). B, D. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127316/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">28B, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF95AC576E06FE30FD6CFE0D" box="[605,658,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-68@61.[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 30. Xiphentedon palabora sp. nov., ♀, holotype (RSA; SAMC). A–C. Habitus, in lateral (A), dorsolateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed. E. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. F. Head in frontal view. G. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127320/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">30D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF95AC576EC4FE30FD2EFE0D" box="[671,720,476,502]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-60@74.[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 36. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov., ♀, paratype (Benin; CIRAD). A. Head and mesosoma in ventral view. B. Wings, WIP. C–D. Lower face and prothorax, ventral view, the flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed. E. Mesoscutellum and propodeum. F. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127332/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">36F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5306F9FF9AAC586CE7F917FE60F812" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" targetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF9AAC586CE7F917FE60F812" blockId="7.[188,1401,1787,2025]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586CE7F917FEB1F8EE" bold="true" box="[188,335,1787,1813]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3. A–B</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9AAC586D3BF917FCBAF8ED" authority="(Girault, 1915)" baseAuthorityName="Girault" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[352,836,1787,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Apleurotropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacteicoxa">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586D3BF917FD7AF8EE" box="[352,644,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Apleurotropis lacteicoxa</emphasis>
(Girault, 1915)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (NHMUK). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC58685DF917FBE5F8EE" bold="true" box="[1030,1051,1787,1813]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
. Anterior part of mesosoma. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586CE6F8F2FF2FF8C3" bold="true" box="[189,209,1822,1848]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586E07F8F2FD6AF8C3" bold="true" box="[604,660,1822,1848]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C–D</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9AAC586EF8F8F2FB3DF8C2" authority="(Waterston, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Waterston" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[675,1219,1822,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pleurotroppopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="podagrica">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586EF8F8F2FC12F8C3" box="[675,1004,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pleurotroppopsis podagrica</emphasis>
(Waterston, 1925)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (NHMUK). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586CE6F8ADFF2CF8A0" bold="true" box="[189,210,1857,1883]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586EF8F8AEFD49F8A7" bold="true" box="[675,695,1858,1884]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D</emphasis>
. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC58680EF8AEFB99F8A7" bold="true" box="[1109,1127,1858,1884]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">E</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9AAC58682CF8ADFE8CF884" authority="(Walker, 1839)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodice">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC58682CF8ADFA89F8A0" box="[1143,1399,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Chrysocharis prodice</emphasis>
(Walker, 1839)
</taxonomicName>
, lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586FD2F889FC67F884" bold="true" box="[905,921,1893,1919]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">F</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF9AAC586FF1F889FEFAF858" authority="(Delucchi, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="Delucchi" baseAuthorityYear="1954" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Achrysocharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zwoelferi">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF9AAC586FF1F889FB0CF884" box="[938,1266,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Achrysocharoides zwoelferi</emphasis>
(Delucchi, 1954)
</taxonomicName>
(used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5306F9FF95AC576CE6F8F1FE06F813" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127264" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10127264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127264/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" startId="8.[189,232,1821,1847]" targetBox="[189,1399,574,1770]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF95AC576CE6F8F1FE06F813" blockId="8.[189,1399,1821,2024]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576CE6F8F1FEF2F8CC" bold="true" box="[189,268,1821,1847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
Posterior mesosoma and attachment points of hind and mid legs. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576878F8F1FBC9F8CC" bold="true" box="[1059,1079,1821,1847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC57681CF8F2FF05F8A0" authority="Walker, 1839" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sparetus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC57681CF8F2FAEAF8CC" box="[1095,1300,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Entedon sparetus</emphasis>
Walker, 1839
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (reared from 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576D89F8ADFC42F8A0" authority="(Gravenhorst, 1807))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1807" box="[466,956,1857,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Gymnetron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asellus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576D89F8ADFD4CF8A0" box="[466,690,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gymnetron asellus</emphasis>
(Gravenhorst, 1807))
</taxonomicName>
(used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC5768C7F8ADFB4EF8A0" bold="true" box="[1180,1200,1857,1883]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576898F8AEFE98F885" authority="Rasplus, 1990" authorityName="Rasplus" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruchivorus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576898F8AEFA89F8A0" box="[1219,1399,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E. bruchivorus</emphasis>
Rasplus, 1990
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576E5FF888FDE9F885" bold="true" box="[516,535,1892,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576E73F888FC43F885" authority="Waterston, 1916" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[552,957,1892,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="necator">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576E73F888FD0CF885" box="[552,754,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Colpixys necator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF95AC576EA0F889FC43F885" author="Waterston J." box="[763,957,1892,1919]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="123 - 132" refId="ref33512" refString="Waterston J. 1916. Notes on African Chalcidoidea-V. Bulletin of Entomological Research 7: 123 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300017442" type="journal article" year="1916">Waterston, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(NHMUK). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576800F888FB90F885" bold="true" box="[1115,1134,1892,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">D</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576824F888FEA5F859" authority="Risbec, 1957" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kayovei">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576824F888FA89F885" box="[1151,1399,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Xiphentedon kayovei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF95AC576CE6F86BFEA5F859" author="Risbec J." box="[189,347,1927,1954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="148 - 231" refId="ref33293" refString="Risbec J. 1957. Contribution a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). CXXIII. Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae, Pteromalidae, Eurytomidae, Torymidae, Perilampidae, Encyrtidae et Eupelmidae. Annales du Musee royal Congo belge Tervuren (Zoologie) 58: 148 - 231." type="journal article" year="1957">Risbec, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype, MRAC). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576E06F86BFD8FF85A" bold="true" box="[605,625,1927,1953]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">E</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576ED8F86BFB5AF859" authority="(Delucchi, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="Delucchi" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[643,1188,1927,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Achrysocharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zwoelferi">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576ED8F86BFC30F85A" box="[643,974,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Achrysocharoides zwoelferi</emphasis>
(Delucchi, 1954)
</taxonomicName>
(used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576CE6F847FF31F83E" bold="true" box="[189,207,1963,1989]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">F</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF95AC576C84F846FD53F83E" authority="(Foerster, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Foerster" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[223,685,1962,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Mestocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF95AC576C84F846FE18F83F" box="[223,486,1962,1988]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mestocharis maculata</emphasis>
(Foerster, 1841)
</taxonomicName>
(used for SEM). Abbreviations: lep 
<subScript id="17A85434FF95AC576802F851FB9CF830" attach="left" box="[1113,1122,1981,1995]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">2</subScript>
= lower mesepimeron; tps = transepimeral sulcus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF94AC566CE6FEE5FC6DFE54" blockId="9.[188,1401,265,431]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Another character is the shape and form of the transepimeral line. The transepimeral line separates the lower and upper parts of the mesepimeron (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566E91FEC0FC53FEBC" author="Gibson G. A. P. &amp; Huber J. T. &amp; Wooley J. B." box="[714,941,300,327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref32815" refString="Gibson G. A. P., Huber J. T. &amp; Wooley J. B. (eds) 1997. Annotated Keys to the Genera of Nearctic Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). National Research Council Research Press, Ottawa." type="book" year="1997">
Gibson 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566F70FEC1FCA0FEBD" box="[811,862,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
. 1997
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566FE0FEC0FBFAFEBC" box="[955,1028,300,327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-187@8.[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Posterior mesosoma and attachment points of hind and mid legs. A. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). B. E. bruchivorus Rasplus, 1990 (NHMUK). C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). D. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, MRAC). E. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM). F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841) (used for SEM). Abbreviations: lep 2 = lower mesepimeron; tps = transepimeral sulcus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127264/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
, tps). The transepimeral line is sulcate in most 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566D29FEA3FE05FE92" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1829" box="[370,507,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
, and particularly in the majority of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566FCBFEA3FBDDFE92" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[912,1059,335,361]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC56686AFEA3FB58FE92" box="[1073,1190,335,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-187@8.[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Posterior mesosoma and attachment points of hind and mid legs. A. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). B. E. bruchivorus Rasplus, 1990 (NHMUK). C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). D. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, MRAC). E. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM). F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841) (used for SEM). Abbreviations: lep 2 = lower mesepimeron; tps = transepimeral sulcus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127264/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4E–F</figureCitation>
, tps). However, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566CE7FE9EFEE0FE77" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[188,286,370,396]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566CE7FE9EFEE0FE77" box="[188,286,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566D77FE9EFE3EFE77" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[300,448,370,396]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566D77FE9EFE3EFE77" box="[300,448,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566DACFE9EFDA0FE77" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[503,606,370,396]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566DACFE9EFDA0FE77" box="[503,606,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
this sulcus is absent, and the delimitation of the lower mesepimeron is traceable only by the change in sculpture (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566E93FE79FCB7FE54" box="[712,841,405,431]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-187@8.[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Posterior mesosoma and attachment points of hind and mid legs. A. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). B. E. bruchivorus Rasplus, 1990 (NHMUK). C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). D. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, MRAC). E. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM). F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841) (used for SEM). Abbreviations: lep 2 = lower mesepimeron; tps = transepimeral sulcus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127264/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4A–D</figureCitation>
, lep 2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF94AC566CE6FE3AFC43FD64" blockId="9.[189,1399,470,671]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
A further character is the size (surface area and length) of the metascutellum. Most 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC56688AFE3AFAACFE0B" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1233,1362,470,496]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Entedonini">Entedonini</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566CE6FE15FEAEFDE8" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,336,505,531]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
possess a comparatively long metascutellum, distinctly visible in dorsal view. The metascutellum is semicircular in shape in most species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566FD0FDF0FC13FDCD" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[907,1005,540,566]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566FD0FDF0FC13FDCD" box="[907,1005,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC56685AFDF0FB7BFDCD" box="[1025,1157,540,566]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1A–C</figureCitation>
, msc) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC56694BFDF0FA89FDCD" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[1296,1399,540,566]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC56694BFDF0FA89FDCD" box="[1296,1399,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566C9DFDD3FEDEFDA2" box="[198,288,575,601]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
, msc). However, in the specimens examined of the subgenus 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC56687AFDD3FB44FDA2" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="1997" box="[1057,1210,575,601]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cederholmia">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC56687AFDD3FB44FDA2" box="[1057,1210,575,601]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cederholmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC5668B1FDD3FAB2FDA2" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[1258,1356,575,601]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC5668B1FDD3FAB2FDA2" box="[1258,1356,575,601]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566CE6FD8FFEC9FD87" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[189,311,610,636]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kayovei">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566CE6FD8FFEC9FD87" box="[189,311,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">X. kayovei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and also in some new species described below, the metascutellum is reduced to a narrow bar which is barely discernible in dorsal view (for example, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566F09FD69FC51FD64" box="[850,943,645,671]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF94AC566CE6FD2AFE7FFD1A" blockId="9.[189,385,710,737]" box="[189,385,710,737]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566CE6FD2AFEFEFD1B" bold="true" box="[189,256,710,736]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566D54FD2AFE86FD1A" box="[271,376,710,737]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionStartId-1="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionStartId-2="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetBox-2="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId-0="figure-217@10.[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetId-1="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId-2="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="Fig. 5. Head in frontal view.A–B. Pediobius aff. eubius (Walker, 1839), ♀ (used for SEM). C. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). D. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), ♂ (used for SEM). E–F. Achrysocharoides sp., ♂ (used for SEM). Abbreviations: ev = external view; fs = frontal sutures; iv = internal view; scg = scrobal grooves; scr = scrobal depressions." captionText-1="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." captionText-2="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127266" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10127266/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 5–7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF94AC566CE6FD18FC5AFC47" blockId="9.[189,1400,756,957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
The V-shaped or transverse frontal sutures (frontal sulcus: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566F32FD18FBF5FCF4" author="Graham M. W. R. de V." box="[873,1035,756,783]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="169 - 204" refId="ref32859" refString="Graham M. W. R. de V. 1959. Keys to the British genera and species of Elachertinae, Eulophinae, Entedontinae, and Euderinae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea). Transactions of the Society for British Entomology 13: 169 - 204." type="journal article" year="1959">Graham 1959</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC56684CFD18FBABFCF5" author="Graham M. W. R. de V." box="[1047,1109,756,782]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="313 - 358" refId="ref32957" refString="Graham M. W. R. de V. 1971. Revision of British Entedon (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), with description of four new species. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 123 (3): 313 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1971. tb 00846. x" type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
; frontal grooves/sutures: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566CE6FCFBFEA1FCCA" author="Schauff M. E." box="[189,351,791,817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="30 - 62" refId="ref33350" refString="Schauff M. E. 1988. The species of Entedon in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 96 (1): 30 - 62." type="journal article" year="1988">Schauff 1988</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566D34FCFBFE53FCCA" author="Schauff M. E." box="[367,429,791,817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="4" refId="ref33388" refString="Schauff M. E. 1991. The Holarctic Genera of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 26 (4). The American Entomological Institute, Logan, UT." type="journal article" year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
; the transverse facial sulcus: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566F4CFCFBFC10FCCA" author="Burks R. A. &amp; Heraty J. M. &amp; Gebiola M. &amp; Hansson C." box="[791,1006,791,817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref32524" refString="Burks R. A., Heraty J. M., Gebiola M. &amp; Hansson C. 2011. Combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), with focus on the subfamily Entedoninae. Cladistics 27: 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2011.00358. x" type="journal article" year="2011">
Burks 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566F33FCF4FC61FCCA" box="[872,927,791,817]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566FA5FCFBFBB9FCC9" box="[1022,1095,791,818]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-217@10.[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. Head in frontal view.A–B. Pediobius aff. eubius (Walker, 1839), ♀ (used for SEM). C. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). D. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), ♂ (used for SEM). E–F. Achrysocharoides sp., ♂ (used for SEM). Abbreviations: ev = external view; fs = frontal sutures; iv = internal view; scg = scrobal grooves; scr = scrobal depressions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127266/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) is found in most of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566CE6FCD6FEBFFCAF" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[189,321,826,852]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Entedonini">Entedonini</taxonomicName>
, and is likely one of the morphological synapomorphies for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC56686EFCD6FB36FCAF" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1077,1224,826,852]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
(e.g., 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566947FCD6FF02FC8C" author="Schauff M. E." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="4" refId="ref33388" refString="Schauff M. E. 1991. The Holarctic Genera of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 26 (4). The American Entomological Institute, Logan, UT." type="journal article" year="1991">Schauff 1991</bibRefCitation>
). Although the sutures are reduced in many species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566FD1FCB1FC12FC8C" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[906,1004,861,887]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566FD1FCB1FC12FC8C" box="[906,1004,861,887]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(a secondary loss: 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC56688BFCB1FA8CFC8C" author="Schauff M. E." box="[1232,1394,861,887]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="30 - 62" refId="ref33350" refString="Schauff M. E. 1988. The species of Entedon in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 96 (1): 30 - 62." type="journal article" year="1988">Schauff 1988</bibRefCitation>
; 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566CE5FC6CFEC1FC62" box="[190,319,895,922]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6C–D</figureCitation>
), they are distinctly traceable in some species of this genus (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566843FC6CFB66FC62" box="[1048,1176,895,922]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6A–B</figureCitation>
) and in all species classified below as either 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566DB1FC4EFDAFFC47" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[490,593,930,956]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566DB1FC4EFDAFFC47" box="[490,593,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566E23FC4EFCF2FC47" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[632,780,930,956]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566E23FC4EFCF2FC47" box="[632,780,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566F47FC4EFC66FC47" box="[796,920,930,956]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6E–F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF94AC566CE6FC08FADCFA38" blockId="9.[188,1400,995,1476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
The non-sulcate scrobal grooves are conserved across genera and shared by 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC56680CFC08FB0BFC05" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1111,1269,996,1022]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC56680CFC08FB0BFC05" box="[1111,1269,996,1022]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chrysocharis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566953FC08FA96FC05" box="[1288,1384,995,1022]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-217@10.[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. Head in frontal view.A–B. Pediobius aff. eubius (Walker, 1839), ♀ (used for SEM). C. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). D. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), ♂ (used for SEM). E–F. Achrysocharoides sp., ♂ (used for SEM). Abbreviations: ev = external view; fs = frontal sutures; iv = internal view; scg = scrobal grooves; scr = scrobal depressions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127266/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566CE6FBEAFE6EFBDB" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[189,400,1030,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Achrysocharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566CE6FBEAFE6EFBDB" box="[189,400,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Achrysocharoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566DFFFBEAFDDDFBDA" box="[420,547,1030,1057]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-217@10.[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. Head in frontal view.A–B. Pediobius aff. eubius (Walker, 1839), ♀ (used for SEM). C. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). D. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), ♂ (used for SEM). E–F. Achrysocharoides sp., ♂ (used for SEM). Abbreviations: ev = external view; fs = frontal sutures; iv = internal view; scg = scrobal grooves; scr = scrobal depressions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127266/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5E–F</figureCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566E60FBEAFD63FBDB" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[571,669,1030,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566E60FBEAFD63FBDB" box="[571,669,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566EE9FBEAFCC6FBDB" box="[690,824,1030,1056]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6A–D</figureCitation>
), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566FDCFBEBFB31FBDA" authority="(Schauff 1988)" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[903,1231,1030,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Derostenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566FDCFBEBFBF2FBDB" box="[903,1036,1031,1056]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Derostenus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566844FBEAFB38FBDA" author="Schauff M. E." box="[1055,1222,1030,1057]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="30 - 62" refId="ref33350" refString="Schauff M. E. 1988. The species of Entedon in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 96 (1): 30 - 62." type="journal article" year="1988">Schauff 1988</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566884FBEAFABFFBDB" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[1247,1345,1030,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566884FBEAFABFFBDB" box="[1247,1345,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566CE6FBC5FE6EFBB8" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[189,400,1065,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Achrysocharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566CE6FBC5FE6EFBB8" box="[189,400,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Achrysocharoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been shown to be closely related (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566F24FBC5FBB4FBBF" author="Gumovsky A. V." box="[895,1098,1065,1092]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="193 - 219" refId="ref33075" refString="Gumovsky A. V. 2002. Monophyly and preliminary phylogeny of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae): 28 S D 2 rDNA considerations and morphological support. In: Melika G. &amp; Thuroczy Cs. (eds) Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control: 193 - 219. Agroinform, Budapest, Hungary." type="book chapter" year="2002">Gumovsky 2002</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566801FBC5FACCFBBF" author="Burks R. A. &amp; Heraty J. M. &amp; Gebiola M. &amp; Hansson C." box="[1114,1330,1065,1092]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref32524" refString="Burks R. A., Heraty J. M., Gebiola M. &amp; Hansson C. 2011. Combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), with focus on the subfamily Entedoninae. Cladistics 27: 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2011.00358. x" type="journal article" year="2011">
Burks 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC5668F0FBC6FB1CFBB8" box="[1195,1250,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
). The genera 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566D4EFBA0FE82FB9D" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[277,380,1100,1126]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566D4EFBA0FE82FB9D" box="[277,380,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566DE1FBA0FDB0FB9D" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[442,590,1100,1126]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566DE1FBA0FDB0FB9D" box="[442,590,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also possess these non-sulcate scrobal grooves (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC5668C1FBA0FAE6FB9D" box="[1178,1304,1100,1126]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6E–F</figureCitation>
), which may indicate their affinity to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566E4DFB83FD86FB72" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[534,632,1135,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566E4DFB83FD86FB72" box="[534,632,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566EE8FB83FC7BFB72" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1913" box="[691,901,1135,1161]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Achrysocharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566EE8FB83FC7BFB72" box="[691,901,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Achrysocharoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The anellus is defined as a small, narrow (or disc-like) flagellomere situated between the pedicel and the first funicular segment, or as the flagellomere that is located proximally on the flagellum and lacks longitudinal sensilla (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC5668BDFB59FF03FB09" author="Yoder M. J. &amp; Miko, I. &amp; Seltmann K. C. &amp; Bertone M. A. &amp; Deans A. R." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="15991" refId="ref33543" refString="Yoder M. J., Miko, I., Seltmann K. C., Bertone M. A. &amp; Deans A. R. 2010. A gross anatomy ontology for Hymenoptera. PLoS ONE 5 (12): e 15991. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0015991" type="journal article" year="2010">
Yoder 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566962FB5AFA91FB34" box="[1337,1391,1205,1231]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566D49FB34FE3AFB09" author="Schauff M. E." box="[274,452,1240,1266]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="4" refId="ref33388" refString="Schauff M. E. 1991. The Holarctic Genera of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 26 (4). The American Entomological Institute, Logan, UT." type="journal article" year="1991">Schauff (1991)</bibRefCitation>
analyzed the number and conditions of anelli, which occur in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC5668EBFB34FABDFB09" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1200,1347,1240,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
and are proposed to distinguish the terminal anellus from the first funicular segment based on the absence (anellus) or presence (funicular segment) of the multiporous plate sensilla, apart from separation by size. Also, the possession of three anelli was considered a plesiomorphy for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566FA4FAADFB6CFAA0" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1023,1170,1345,1371]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC5668E5FAADFA8FFAA0" author="Schauff M. E." box="[1214,1393,1345,1371]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="4" refId="ref33388" refString="Schauff M. E. 1991. The Holarctic Genera of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 26 (4). The American Entomological Institute, Logan, UT." type="journal article" year="1991">Schauff (1991)</bibRefCitation>
. The groups with three anelli (
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566E71FA8FFC8EFA85" authority="Hansson, 1998" authorityName="Hansson" authorityYear="1998" box="[554,880,1379,1406]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Tropicharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566E71FA8FFD4CFA86" box="[554,690,1379,1405]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tropicharis</emphasis>
Hansson, 1998
</taxonomicName>
) and with only one anellus (
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566888FA8FFE75FA5A" authority="Westwood, 1833" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Closterocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566888FA8FFA88FA86" box="[1235,1398,1379,1405]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Closterocerus</emphasis>
Westwood, 1833
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566DC4FA6AFCD1FA5A" authority="Ashmead, 1904" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1904" box="[415,815,1414,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysonotomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566DC4FA6AFD9FFA5B" box="[415,609,1414,1440]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chrysonotomyia</emphasis>
Ashmead, 1904
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566F18FA6AFB97FA5A" authority="Haliday, 1833" authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" box="[835,1129,1414,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Omphale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566F18FA6AFC51FA5B" box="[835,943,1414,1440]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Omphale</emphasis>
Haliday, 1833
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC5668EBFA6BFEA5FA3F" authority="Girault, 1915" authorityName="Girault" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Parzaommomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC5668EBFA6BFA89FA5B" box="[1200,1399,1415,1440]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Parzaommomyia</emphasis>
Girault, 1915
</taxonomicName>
) were demonstrated to be a grade at the base of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566FCAFA45FBECFA38" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[913,1042,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Entedonini">Entedonini</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566865FA45FAE0FA38" author="Burks R. A. &amp; Heraty J. M. &amp; Gebiola M. &amp; Hansson C." box="[1086,1310,1449,1476]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref32524" refString="Burks R. A., Heraty J. M., Gebiola M. &amp; Hansson C. 2011. Combined molecular and morphological phylogeny of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), with focus on the subfamily Entedoninae. Cladistics 27: 1 - 25. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2011.00358. x" type="journal article" year="2011">
Burks 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC5668D0FA46FB41FA38" box="[1163,1215,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al</emphasis>
. (2011)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF94AC566CE6FA06FE7CF96A" blockId="9.[187,1399,1514,1681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566CE6FA06FE91F9FE" author="Graham M. W. R. de V." box="[189,367,1514,1541]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="313 - 358" refId="ref32957" refString="Graham M. W. R. de V. 1971. Revision of British Entedon (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), with description of four new species. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 123 (3): 313 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1971. tb 00846. x" type="journal article" year="1971">Graham (1971)</bibRefCitation>
did not specify the number of anelli for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566F63FA06FC64F9FF" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[824,922,1514,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566F63FA06FC64F9FF" box="[824,922,1514,1540]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but mentioned one anellus only. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566947FA06FEF4F9DC" author="Schauff M. E." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="30 - 62" refId="ref33350" refString="Schauff M. E. 1988. The species of Entedon in America north of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 96 (1): 30 - 62." type="journal article" year="1988">Schauff (1988)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that there are three anelli, with the first being largest in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC56686AF9E1FB6DF9DC" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[1073,1171,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC56686AF9E1FB6DF9DC" box="[1073,1171,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566946F9E1FEF2F9B1" author="Boucek Z." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref32420" refString="Boucek Z. 1988. Australasian Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera). A Biosystematic Revision of Genera of Fourteen Families, with a Reclassification of Species. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K. and Cambrian News Ltd, Aberystwyth, Wales." type="book" year="1988">Bouček (1988)</bibRefCitation>
also mentioned that 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566E5EF9DCFD99F9B1" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[517,615,1584,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566E5EF9DCFD99F9B1" box="[517,615,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only one anellus. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566F34F9DDFBC5F9B1" author="Waterston J." box="[879,1083,1584,1611]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="123 - 132" refId="ref33512" refString="Waterston J. 1916. Notes on African Chalcidoidea-V. Bulletin of Entomological Research 7: 123 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300017442" type="journal article" year="1916">Waterston (1916)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned the “triple ring joint” (namely, three anelli) for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566E74F9BFFD68F996" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[559,662,1619,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566E74F9BFFD68F996" box="[559,662,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF94AC566EFFF9BFFCB4F995" author="Risbec J." box="[676,842,1619,1646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="148 - 231" refId="ref33293" refString="Risbec J. 1957. Contribution a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). CXXIII. Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae, Pteromalidae, Eurytomidae, Torymidae, Perilampidae, Encyrtidae et Eupelmidae. Annales du Musee royal Congo belge Tervuren (Zoologie) 58: 148 - 231." type="journal article" year="1957">Risbec (1957)</bibRefCitation>
did not mention the number and shape of anelli for 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566CBCF99AFE85F96B" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[231,379,1654,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566CBCF99AFE85F96B" box="[231,379,1654,1680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF94AC556CE6F95BFB9DFE70" blockId="9.[187,1399,1719,2025]" lastBlockId="10.[188,1399,265,395]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566D1FF95BFE58F92A" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[324,422,1719,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566D1FF95BFE58F92A" box="[324,422,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566DEDF95BFDC6F92A" box="[438,568,1719,1745]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7A–B</figureCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566E0AF95BFD46F92A" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[593,696,1719,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566E0AF95BFD46F92A" box="[593,696,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566E93F95BFCB6F92A" box="[712,840,1719,1745]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7C–D</figureCitation>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566FD4F95BFBDDF92A" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[911,1059,1719,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566FD4F95BFBDDF92A" box="[911,1059,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC56686FF95BFB6CF92A" box="[1076,1170,1719,1745]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
) indeed have three anelli: the notably and evenly enlarged first anellus, and two following anelli which taper dorsally, and thus the anelli appear subtriangular in shape (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566F45F911FC35F8EC" box="[798,971,1789,1815]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7A–D, H</figureCitation>
). The third anellus is asymmetrical and its shape appears different when viewed from different angles (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566FAAF8CCFB8FF8C1" box="[1009,1137,1824,1850]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7A–D</figureCitation>
). The third anellus is comparatively wide and bears trichoid sensilla when observed from the exterior view (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC5668FEF8AFFAA1F8A6" box="[1189,1375,1859,1885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7A, D, H, a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566904F8AFFA93F8A6" box="[1375,1389,1859,1885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">3</figureCitation>
) in most species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566DC5F88AFE00F87B" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[414,510,1894,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566DC5F88AFE00F87B" box="[414,510,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566E54F88AFD88F87B" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[527,630,1894,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566E54F88AFD88F87B" box="[527,630,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566EE9F88AFCBBF87B" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[690,837,1894,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566EE9F88AFCBBF87B" box="[690,837,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Occasionally, the third anellus is wider in this part than the entire first anellus (e.g., in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF94AC566EDEF864FCCCF859" authorityName="Boucek" authorityYear="1972" box="[645,818,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF94AC566EDEF864FCCCF859" box="[645,818,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Colpixys gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566F64F864FC4AF858" box="[831,948,1928,1955]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7D, a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566FEFF865FC3DF858" box="[948,963,1929,1955]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">3</figureCitation>
). However, it is rather thin and hardly different from the preceding second anellus when seen from the interior (medial) view (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566887F847FAA6F83D" box="[1244,1368,1963,1990]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7C, a</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF94AC566903F840FA99F83D" box="[1368,1383,1964,1990]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">3</figureCitation>
). The difference in size between internal and external aspects and also in the sensillar armoration of the enlarged anellus occurs in other genera too (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF97AC556EE0FEE5FCA8FED8" author="Schauff M. E." box="[699,854,265,291]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="4" refId="ref33388" refString="Schauff M. E. 1991. The Holarctic Genera of Entedoninae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 26 (4). The American Entomological Institute, Logan, UT." type="journal article" year="1991">Schauff 1991</bibRefCitation>
). For example, the structure of anelli described above is also inherent to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC556D8DFEC0FC1AFEBD" authority="(Waterson, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Waterston" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[470,996,299,326]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pleurotroppopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="podagrica">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556D8DFEC0FCE9FEBD" box="[470,791,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pleurotroppopsis podagrica</emphasis>
(Waterson, 1925)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF97AC556FA8FEC0FBB5FEBD" box="[1011,1099,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
). In addition, the enlarged (terminal of the two) anellus in 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC556E71FEA2FC14FE93" authority="(Foerster, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Foerster" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[554,1002,334,360]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Mestocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556E71FEA2FCD5FE93" box="[554,811,334,360]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Mestocharis maculata</emphasis>
(Foerster, 1841)
</taxonomicName>
bears numerous trichoid and even one asymmetrical basiconic peg sensillum (= sensillum ampulaceum: 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF97AC556F84FE9DFBA8FE70" box="[991,1110,369,395]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 7E–F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33605FAFF97AC556CE6FE5EFA90FDA3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF97AC556CE6FE5EFA90FDA3" blockId="10.[189,1399,434,600]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
This review of some key morphological characters of the discussed taxa indicates that a combined molecular and morphological phylogenetic assessment of relationships of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC556867FE38FB5DFE15" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[1084,1187,468,494]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556867FE38FB5DFE15" box="[1084,1187,468,494]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC5568B9FE38FA88FE15" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1250,1398,468,494]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC5568B9FE38FA88FE15" box="[1250,1398,468,494]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is necessary. Either of these groups may appear to be derived within 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC556FB1FE1BFBB5FDEA" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[1002,1099,503,529]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556FB1FE1BFBB5FDEA" box="[1002,1099,503,529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Entedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and that may require reconsideration of their taxonomic ranks in future. This report, however, addresses the species diversity of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC556C86FDD1FEBAFDAC" baseAuthorityName="Schauff" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[221,324,573,599]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556C86FDD1FEBAFDAC" box="[221,324,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Colpixys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC556D31FDD1FE00FDAC" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[362,510,573,599]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556D31FDD1FE00FDAC" box="[362,510,573,599]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in their revised concepts, with comprehensive morphological descriptions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5306F9FF97AC556CE6F889FBC2F812" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127266" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10127266" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127266/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" targetBox="[189,1399,625,1865]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF97AC556CE6F889FBC2F812" blockId="10.[189,1398,1893,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556CE6F889FEF9F884" bold="true" box="[189,263,1893,1919]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
Head in frontal view. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556DA0F889FDCCF884" bold="true" box="[507,562,1893,1919]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A–B</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC556E1AF889FC1DF884" authority="(Walker, 1839)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[577,995,1893,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pediobius" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eubius">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556E1AF889FD48F884" box="[577,694,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pediobius</emphasis>
aff. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556EBDF889FCCDF884" box="[742,819,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">eubius</emphasis>
(Walker, 1839)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC55689EF889FB24F884" bold="true" box="[1221,1242,1893,1919]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">C</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC5568BEF889FE08F859" authority="(Foerster, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Foerster" baseAuthorityYear="1841" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Mestocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC5568BEF889FED4F859" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Mestocharis maculata</emphasis>
(Foerster, 1841)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556EAFF864FCF7F859" bold="true" box="[756,777,1928,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">D</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC556F41F864FB25F859" authority="(Walker, 1839)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[794,1243,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Chrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prodice">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556F41F864FBE2F859" box="[794,1052,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chrysocharis prodice</emphasis>
(Walker, 1839)
</taxonomicName>
, ♂ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556D48F840FEB8F83D" bold="true" box="[275,326,1964,1990]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">E–F</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF97AC556D0DF847FDAAF83D" box="[342,596,1963,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Achrysocharoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF97AC556D0DF847FDD7F83E" box="[342,553,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Achrysocharoides</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, ♂ (used for SEM). Abbreviations: ev = external view; fs = frontal sutures; iv = internal view; scg = scrobal grooves; scr = scrobal depressions.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5306F9FF96AC546CE6F94CFDB5F8F9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10127268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" targetBox="[189,1399,265,1658]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF96AC546CE6F94CFDB5F8F9" blockId="11.[188,1399,1696,1794]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF96AC546CE6F94CFEF4F941" bold="true" box="[189,266,1696,1722]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
Head in frontal view. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF96AC546E55F94CFDB8F941" bold="true" box="[526,582,1696,1722]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">A–B</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF96AC546E0FF94DFC4FF940" authority="Walker, 1839" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1839" box="[596,945,1697,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zanara">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF96AC546E0FF94DFCF0F941" box="[596,782,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Entedon zanara</emphasis>
Walker, 1839
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF96AC5468FBF94CFB27F941" bold="true" box="[1184,1241,1696,1722]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C–D</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF96AC5468B3F94DFE9AF925" authority="Dalman, 1820" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanellus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF96AC5468B3F94DFA89F940" box="[1256,1399,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">E. cyanellus</emphasis>
Dalman, 1820
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF96AC546E10F928FD81F925" bold="true" box="[587,639,1732,1758]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">E–F</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF96AC546ED6F928FBE0F924" authority="Risbec, 1957" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[653,1054,1732,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kayovei">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF96AC546ED6F928FC7FF925" box="[653,897,1732,1758]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Xiphentedon kayovei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF96AC546FDDF928FBE0F924" author="Risbec J." box="[902,1054,1732,1759]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="148 - 231" refId="ref33293" refString="Risbec J. 1957. Contribution a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). CXXIII. Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae, Pteromalidae, Eurytomidae, Torymidae, Perilampidae, Encyrtidae et Eupelmidae. Annales du Musee royal Congo belge Tervuren (Zoologie) 58: 148 - 231." type="journal article" year="1957">Risbec, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5306F9FF91AC536CE6F8F2FC80F813" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10127270" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" targetBox="[228,1359,263,1793]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF91AC536CE6F8F2FC80F813" blockId="12.[189,1399,1822,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536CE6F8F2FEF4F8C3" bold="true" box="[189,266,1822,1848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
Anelli. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536D3DF8F2FE60F8C3" bold="true" box="[358,414,1822,1848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A–B</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF91AC536DF5F8F2FCCAF8C3" authority="Dalman, 1820" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[430,820,1822,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanellus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536DF5F8F2FD78F8C3" box="[430,646,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Entedon cyanellus</emphasis>
Dalman, 1820
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC53687EF8F2FBC4F8C3" bold="true" box="[1061,1082,1822,1848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
. External view. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC5368A2F8F2FAF3F8C3" bold="true" box="[1273,1293,1822,1848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
. Internal view. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536D5EF8ADFEE4F8A0" bold="true" box="[261,282,1857,1883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF91AC536D77F8ADFD3AF8A0" authority="Waterston, 1916" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[300,708,1857,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="necator">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536D77F8ADFE09F8A0" box="[300,503,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colpixys necator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF91AC536E5BF8AEFD3AF8A0" author="Waterston J." box="[512,708,1857,1884]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="123 - 132" refId="ref33512" refString="Waterston J. 1916. Notes on African Chalcidoidea-V. Bulletin of Entomological Research 7: 123 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300017442" type="journal article" year="1916">Waterston, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC53686EF8ADFBB4F8A0" bold="true" box="[1077,1098,1857,1883]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">D</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF91AC536800F8ADFF04F885" authority="Boucek, 1972" authorityName="Boucek" authorityYear="1972" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536800F8ADFAF2F8A0" box="[1115,1292,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colpixys gigas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF91AC53694EF8ADFF04F885" author="Boucek Z." pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="199 - 205" refId="ref32376" refString="Boucek Z. 1972. Descriptions of new eulophid parasites (Hym., Chalcidoidea) from Africa and the Canary Islands. Bulletin of Entomological Research 62: 199 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300047647" type="journal article" year="1972">Bouček, 1972</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536EB0F888FCE0F885" bold="true" box="[747,798,1892,1918]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">E–F</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF91AC536F6AF888FAF9F885" authority="(Foerster, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Foerster" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[817,1287,1892,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Mestocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536F6AF888FBC4F885" box="[817,1082,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Mestocharis maculata</emphasis>
(Foerster, 1841)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (used for SEM). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536D19F864FEA8F859" bold="true" box="[322,342,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">E</emphasis>
. External view. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536E45F864FDCEF859" bold="true" box="[542,560,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">F</emphasis>
. Internal view. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536EAAF86BFCF6F85A" bold="true" box="[753,776,1927,1953]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">G</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF91AC536F41F86BFAB4F859" authority="(Waterston, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Waterston" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[794,1354,1927,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Pleurotroppopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="podagrica">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536F41F86BFB99F85A" box="[794,1127,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pleurotroppopsis podagrica</emphasis>
(Waterston, 1925)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀, external view (NHMUK). 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536DA3F847FDF0F83E" bold="true" box="[504,526,1963,1989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">H</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF91AC536E45F847FCC8F83E" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[542,822,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neserorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF91AC536E45F847FCC8F83E" box="[542,822,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Xiphentedon neserorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF91AC536F64F847FC63F83E" box="[831,925,1963,1989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33605FAFF90AC506CE6FEE5FA89F949" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="key">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526CE6FEE5FB84FED9" blockId="13.[189,1146,264,291]" box="[189,1146,264,291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526CE6FEE5FB84FED9" bold="true" box="[189,1146,264,291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Key to the species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526D99FEE4FCFFFED9" ID-CoL="649LK" authority="Risbec, 1957" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[450,769,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526D99FEE4FDA3FED8" bold="true" box="[450,605,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF90AC526E3EFEE4FCFFFED9" author="Risbec J." box="[613,769,264,290]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="148 - 231" refId="ref33293" refString="Risbec J. 1957. Contribution a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). CXXIII. Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae, Pteromalidae, Eurytomidae, Torymidae, Perilampidae, Encyrtidae et Eupelmidae. Annales du Musee royal Congo belge Tervuren (Zoologie) 58: 148 - 231." type="journal article" year="1957">Risbec, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526F64FEE4FB84FED9" ID-CoL="3SKK" authority="Waterston, 1916" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[831,1146,264,291]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526F64FEE4FC59FED8" bold="true" box="[831,935,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colpixys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF90AC526FF5FEE5FB84FED9" author="Waterston J." box="[942,1146,264,291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="123 - 132" refId="ref33512" refString="Waterston J. 1916. Notes on African Chalcidoidea-V. Bulletin of Entomological Research 7: 123 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300017442" type="journal article" year="1916">Waterston, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<key id="FFBD0140FF90AC506CE6FEDBFA89F949" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF90AC526CE6FEDBFA89FDBF" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526CE6FEDBFA89FE6D" blockId="13.[189,1400,311,581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC526CE6FEDBFA89FE6D" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
1. Pronotum with protruding lateral shoulders (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526EA6FEDBFCBBFEAA" box="[765,837,311,337]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-264@6.[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. A–C. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). A. Head and mesosoma. B. Enlarged area in frame on Fig. A. C. Orifices enlarged. D. E. diotimus Walker, 1839, ♀, plica on lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). E–F. Lateral panel of pronotum. E. Colpixys necator Waterson, 1916, ♀ (NHMUK). F. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; psh = lateral pronotal shoulder." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, psh); each shoulder is in the form of a convex callus in the upper sector of the lateral panel of the pronotum, and delimited by a semicircular plica beneath (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526D0CFE90FE63FE6D" box="[343,413,380,406]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-264@6.[189,1399,627,1792]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 2. A–C. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). A. Head and mesosoma. B. Enlarged area in frame on Fig. A. C. Orifices enlarged. D. E. diotimus Walker, 1839, ♀, plica on lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). E–F. Lateral panel of pronotum. E. Colpixys necator Waterson, 1916, ♀ (NHMUK). F. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; psh = lateral pronotal shoulder." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127260" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127260/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
, lpl); transepimeral sulcus is effaced (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526F01FE90FC24FE6D" box="[858,986,380,406]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-187@8.[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Posterior mesosoma and attachment points of hind and mid legs. A. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). B. E. bruchivorus Rasplus, 1990 (NHMUK). C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). D. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, MRAC). E. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM). F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841) (used for SEM). Abbreviations: lep 2 = lower mesepimeron; tps = transepimeral sulcus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127264/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4A–D</figureCitation>
) ................................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526C9AFE4CFA89FDBF" blockId="13.[189,1400,311,581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC526C9AFE4CFA89FDBF" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
– Pronotum without bulging lateral shoulders surrounded by a distinct semicircular plica below; if similar structures are present, then in different combinations: either shoulders are present, not as bulges or bumps, but as expansions of the delimited pronotal collar (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC52686DFE09FB68FE04" box="[1078,1174,485,511]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
, dsh), or the plica (semicircular or straight) is not delimiting a bulging shoulder from below; transepimeral sulcus present as a distinct groove (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526E61FDC6FD4CFDBF" box="[570,690,554,580]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetId="figure-187@8.[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Posterior mesosoma and attachment points of hind and mid legs. A. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). B. E. bruchivorus Rasplus, 1990 (NHMUK). C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). D. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, MRAC). E. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM). F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841) (used for SEM). Abbreviations: lep 2 = lower mesepimeron; tps = transepimeral sulcus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127264" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127264/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4E–F</figureCitation>
) ................................................. other genera of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC5268BFFDC6FA89FDBF" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1856" box="[1252,1399,554,580]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Entedoninae">Entedoninae</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF90AC526CE6FD80FA88FCAD" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526CE6FD80FA89FD30" blockId="13.[189,1399,619,855]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC526CE6FD80FA89FD30" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
2. Propodeum with a single median carina (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526E92FD87FCB6FD7D" box="[713,840,619,646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1A–C</figureCitation>
, mc), nearly reaching the metascutellum, which is visible in dorsal view as a wide semi-circular plate (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526F3EFD62FC1BFD53" box="[869,997,654,680]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1A–C</figureCitation>
, msc); frontal sutures are angulate (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526CA8FD5DFE8CFD30" box="[243,370,689,715]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6A–B</figureCitation>
, fs) or absent (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526E44FD5DFD60FD30" box="[543,670,689,715]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6C–D</figureCitation>
) ........................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526839FD5CFA89FD30" ID-CoL="4C2Z" authority="Dalman, 1820" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[1122,1399,688,715]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526839FD5CFB37FD30" bold="true" box="[1122,1225,688,715]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Entedon</emphasis>
Dalman, 1820
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526C9AFD38FA88FCAD" blockId="13.[189,1399,619,855]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC526C9AFD38FA88FCAD" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
– Propodeum with median strip (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526EDFFD38FD12FD15" box="[644,748,724,750]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
), or a deep furrow delimited by two submedian carinae or by pliciform borders (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526EF0FD1BFCF0FCEA" box="[683,782,759,785]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
) medially; metascutellum visible (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526887FD1BFAC1FCEA" box="[1244,1343,759,785]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
) or hardly discernible (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526DB8FCF5FDB6FCCF" box="[483,584,793,820]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
) in dorsal view; face with V-shaped frontal sutures (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC52694AFCF5FA8CFCC8" box="[1297,1394,793,819]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
, fs) .......................................................3 (
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526E92FCD0FBFBFCAC" ID-CoL="649LK" authority="Risbec, 1957" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[713,1029,828,855]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526E92FCD0FC9AFCAC" bold="true" box="[713,868,828,855]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF90AC526F30FCD0FBFBFCAC" author="Risbec J." box="[875,1029,828,855]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="148 - 231" refId="ref33293" refString="Risbec J. 1957. Contribution a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). CXXIII. Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae, Pteromalidae, Eurytomidae, Torymidae, Perilampidae, Encyrtidae et Eupelmidae. Annales du Musee royal Congo belge Tervuren (Zoologie) 58: 148 - 231." type="journal article" year="1957">Risbec, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526866FCD0FA90FCAD" ID-CoL="3SKK" authority="Waterston, 1916" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[1085,1390,828,855]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526866FCD0FB5BFCAC" bold="true" box="[1085,1189,828,855]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colpixys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF90AC5268F6FCD1FA90FCAD" author="Waterston J." box="[1197,1390,828,855]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="123 - 132" refId="ref33512" refString="Waterston J. 1916. Notes on African Chalcidoidea-V. Bulletin of Entomological Research 7: 123 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300017442" type="journal article" year="1916">Waterston, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF90AC526CE6FC91FA88FA3E" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526CE6FC91FA88FB55" blockId="13.[189,1400,893,1477]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC526CE6FC91FA88FB55" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
3. Metascutellum long, easily discernible in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526FD3FC91FC1FFC6C" box="[904,993,893,919]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
, msc), if somewhat smaller, then semi-circular in shape (but not in the shape of a narrow bar: 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526FF6FC4DFBD0FC41" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[941,1070,928,955]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eburnus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526FF6FC4DFBD0FC41" box="[941,1070,928,955]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. eburnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF90AC52686FFC4DFB6FFC40" box="[1076,1169,929,955]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC5268C6FC4CFB05FC41" box="[1181,1275,928,954]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1845,1871]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-55@20.[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. A, C–D. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). B. C. eburnus sp. nov. (paratype, Ivory Coast; CBGP). E–F. C. gigas Bouček, 1972 (paratype, Ghana; NHMUK). A–B. Propodeum. C–D, F. Axillula. E. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127276/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 9B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC52695CFC4CFAC9FC41" box="[1287,1335,928,954]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1755,1781]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-55@24.[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Colpixys eburnus sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A–B. Wings under direct (A) and reflected (B, showing WIP) light. C, E. Habitus in lateral (C) and dorsal (E) views. D. Head in frontal view. F. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127280/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">11F</figureCitation>
), and anterior margin of mesoscutellum without a paired anteromedian protrusion; propodeum (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC52694EFC2FFA8FFC26" box="[1301,1393,963,989]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 1F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526CB7FC0AFEC9FBFB" box="[236,311,998,1024]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1845,1871]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-55@20.[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. A, C–D. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). B. C. eburnus sp. nov. (paratype, Ivory Coast; CBGP). E–F. C. gigas Bouček, 1972 (paratype, Ghana; NHMUK). A–B. Propodeum. C–D, F. Axillula. E. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127276/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">9A–B</figureCitation>
): with median furrow represented by a deep sunken area, delimited by sinuous margins (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526CA8FBE5FEB6FBD8" box="[243,328,1033,1059]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
, mf), lateral propodeal sulcus incomplete, supracoxal flange with two to five setae posteriad of spiracular projection; axillula without a projection, at most with carinulae or plicae (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC5268AAFBC7FF01FB93" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1845,1871]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-55@20.[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. A, C–D. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). B. C. eburnus sp. nov. (paratype, Ivory Coast; CBGP). E–F. C. gigas Bouček, 1972 (paratype, Ghana; NHMUK). A–B. Propodeum. C–D, F. Axillula. E. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127276/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 9C–D, F</figureCitation>
); gena evenly curved (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526E57FBA2FD86FB93" box="[524,632,1102,1128]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1755,1781]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-55@24.[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Colpixys eburnus sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A–B. Wings under direct (A) and reflected (B, showing WIP) light. C, E. Habitus in lateral (C) and dorsal (E) views. D. Head in frontal view. F. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127280/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
); metasomal petiole conical with margined, notably raised ‘roof’ dorsally in both sexes (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526DADFB9DFDABFB70" box="[502,597,1137,1163]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[190,233,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-125@18.[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 8. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (SANC). A–D. ♀, from Zimbabwe. E–F. ♂, from RSA. A–B, E–F. Habitus in dorso-lateral (A, F), lateral (B) and dorsal (E) views. C. Propodeum. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127274" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127274/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 8C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526E3AFB9DFD6AFB70" box="[609,660,1137,1163]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,718,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-88@21.[189,1399,718,1910]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 10. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, paratypes (Ghana; USNM). A–B. Habitus, ♀ (A) and ♂ (B). C. ♀, head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127278/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">10C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526EFBFB9DFD2EFB70" box="[672,720,1137,1163]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1755,1781]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-55@24.[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Colpixys eburnus sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A–B. Wings under direct (A) and reflected (B, showing WIP) light. C, E. Habitus in lateral (C) and dorsal (E) views. D. Head in frontal view. F. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127280/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">11F</figureCitation>
); prosternum either evenly curved or with an arc traced by a carina, not a flange ............................................................................ 4 (
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526866FB7FFA90FB55" ID-CoL="3SKK" authority="Waterston, 1916" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[1085,1390,1171,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526866FB7FFB5BFB55" bold="true" box="[1085,1189,1171,1198]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Colpixys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF90AC5268F6FB78FA90FB55" author="Waterston J." box="[1197,1390,1172,1198]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="123 - 132" refId="ref33512" refString="Waterston J. 1916. Notes on African Chalcidoidea-V. Bulletin of Entomological Research 7: 123 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300017442" type="journal article" year="1916">Waterston, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526C9AFB5BFA88FA3E" blockId="13.[189,1400,893,1477]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC526C9AFB5BFA88FA3E" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
– Metascutellum different: hardly visible in dorsal view, present as a narrow, bar-shaped strip (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526CA8FB35FEAEFB0F" box="[243,336,1241,1268]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
, msc); propodeum with median smooth or coriaceous strip in the shape of a Y (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC52695FFB35FA90FB0F" box="[1284,1390,1241,1268]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-56@36.[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 18. Xiphentedon musimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Propodeum. D. Posterior mesosoma in dorso-lateral view (axillula is arrowed). E. Face. F. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127294/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
) or broad V (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526D23FB10FE2CFAED" box="[376,466,1276,1302]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
), distinctly delimited by fine carinae which diverge anteriorly; lateral propodeal sulcus complete (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526DE4FAF3FDDEFAC2" box="[447,544,1311,1337]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
, ls): if not (
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526EE0FACCFCAAFAC2" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[699,852,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutigena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526EE0FACCFCAAFAC2" box="[699,852,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">X. acutigena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF90AC526F3BFACCFC3FFAC1" box="[864,961,1312,1338]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526F8AFAF3FBBFFAC2" box="[977,1089,1311,1337]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="78.[188,231,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,397,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-117@78.[189,1399,397,1886]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="Fig. 38. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A. ♀, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). B–E. ♂, paratype (RSA; NHMUK). A. Face. B. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. C. Prosternum. D. Propodeum. E. Axillula. The genal spike is arrowed in A and B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127338/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 38D</figureCitation>
), then anterior margin of mesoscutellum with a paired anteromedian protrusion (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526FD0FAAEFBDCFAA7" box="[907,1058,1346,1372]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-88@76.[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 37. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). C–E. ♀♀, paratypes from Tanzania (C–D; CBGP) and RSA (E; SANC). F–H. ♂♂, paratypes from DRC (F; MRAC) and from RSA (G–H; NHMUK). A, C, G. Habitus (inset C: axilla). B, D. Mesosoma and petiole. E–F. Face, the genal spike is arrowed. H. Head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127334/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 37B, D</figureCitation>
); supracoxal flange asetose; axillula with indentate projection (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526EDEFA89FD0EFA84" box="[645,752,1381,1407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-50@27.[189,1399,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957. A–B. ♀, holotype (Rwanda; MRAC). C–F. ♂ (Rwanda; MRAC). A, C. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. D, F. Axillula. E. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127282/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 12F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526EA6FA89FCCEFA84" box="[765,816,1381,1407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-12@32.[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 16. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (RSA; NHMUK). A. Head in latero-dorsal view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Axillula. D. Meso- and metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127290/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">16C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526F65FA89FC8AFA84" box="[830,884,1381,1407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-56@36.[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 18. Xiphentedon musimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Propodeum. D. Posterior mesosoma in dorso-lateral view (axillula is arrowed). E. Face. F. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127294/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">18D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526FDAFA89FC48FA84" box="[897,950,1381,1407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,275,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-61@39.[228,1360,266,1883]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Xiphentedon simoni sp. nov. ♀, holotype (Tanzania; SAMC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Mesosoma. E–F. Head. E. Dorsal view. F. Frontal view. G. Posterior part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127296/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">19G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526F9FFA89FC0CFA84" box="[964,1010,1381,1407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1924,1950]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-164@42.[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Xiphentedon dewittei sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. E. Propodeum. F. Part of mesosoma (axillula is arrowed)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127298/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">20F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526FA4FA89FBCAFA84" box="[1023,1076,1381,1407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,265,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-65@48.[216,1372,265,1901]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 24.Xiphentedon jeanyvesi sp.nov.A–B.♂,holotype (Tanzania; CBGP).C–H. ♀, paratype (Tanzania; CBGP). A, C. Habitus. B. Mesosoma. D (and insets A, C). Head in dorsal view. E, H. Propodeum. F. Posterior part of mesosoma; the axillula is arrowed. G. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127308/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">24G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526819FA89FB65FA84" box="[1090,1179,1381,1407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="55.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-40@55.[189,1399,265,1774]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Fig. 28. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). C–D. ♀, ‘FCI’ specimen (CBGP). A, C. Propodeum (arrows indicate axillula). B, D. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127316/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">28B, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC5268F3FA89FB23FA84" box="[1192,1245,1381,1407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-68@61.[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 30. Xiphentedon palabora sp. nov., ♀, holotype (RSA; SAMC). A–C. Habitus, in lateral (A), dorsolateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed. E. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. F. Head in frontal view. G. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127320/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">30D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC5268B0FA89FAE3FA84" box="[1259,1309,1381,1407]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-60@74.[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 36. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov., ♀, paratype (Benin; CIRAD). A. Head and mesosoma in ventral view. B. Wings, WIP. C–D. Lower face and prothorax, ventral view, the flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed. E. Mesoscutellum and propodeum. F. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127332/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">36F</figureCitation>
); shape of gena and metasomal petiole varies; prosternum planar: with a flange (often with pubescence on ventral surface) on its arc (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526E7FFA46FD6BFA3E" box="[548,661,1450,1477]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[189,232,1670,1696]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-75@45.[189,1399,265,1631]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 22. Xiphentedon danielssoni (Gumovsky, 1997) comb. nov. A–D. ♀, paratype (RSA; MZLU). E–F. ♀, from DRC (Mongbwalu; SIZK). A–B. Head and prothorax. A. Fronto-ventral view. B. Lateral view; pedicel and anelli in inset (B). C–D. Mesosoma.E. Habitus.F. Head in dorsal view.Abbreviations: epp = mesepisternal projection; lep = lower mesepimeron." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127302/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 22A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526EFAFA47FD0EFA3E" box="[673,752,1451,1477]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="54.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-66@54.[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Fig. 27. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). A, C, F. Head in dorsal (A) and frontal (C, F) views. B. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. D. Propodeum and petiole. E. Mesosoma, ventral view. The flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed in E–F." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127314/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">27E–F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526EA0FA46FCAFFA3F" box="[763,849,1450,1476]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-60@74.[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 36. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov., ♀, paratype (Benin; CIRAD). A. Head and mesosoma in ventral view. B. Wings, WIP. C–D. Lower face and prothorax, ventral view, the flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed. E. Mesoscutellum and propodeum. F. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127332/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">36C–D</figureCitation>
) .......................6 (
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC52686AFA46FA90FA3E" ID-CoL="649LK" authority="Risbec, 1957" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1073,1390,1450,1477]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC52686AFA46FB32FA3E" bold="true" box="[1073,1228,1450,1477]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF90AC526888FA46FA90FA3E" author="Risbec J." box="[1235,1390,1450,1477]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="148 - 231" refId="ref33293" refString="Risbec J. 1957. Contribution a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). CXXIII. Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae, Pteromalidae, Eurytomidae, Torymidae, Perilampidae, Encyrtidae et Eupelmidae. Annales du Musee royal Congo belge Tervuren (Zoologie) 58: 148 - 231." type="journal article" year="1957">Risbec, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF90AC526CE6FA00FA89F94F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526CE6FA00FA89F9B0" blockId="13.[189,1399,1515,1716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC526CE6FA00FA89F9B0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
4. F1 of female about 6.0× as long as wide, F2 about 5.0× as long as wide; gaster of female 6.0–7.0× as long as wide, 2.2–2.3× combined length of head plus mesosoma, syntergum long, 6.0–7.0× as long as wide, parallel-sided (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526E64F9DDFD52F9B0" box="[575,684,1585,1611]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,718,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-88@21.[189,1399,718,1910]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 10. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, paratypes (Ghana; USNM). A–B. Habitus, ♀ (A) and ♂ (B). C. ♀, head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127278" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127278/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
); funicle of male five-segmented ....... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526831F9DDFA89F9B0" ID-CoL="X8MW" authority="Boucek, 1972" authorityName="Boucek" authorityYear="1972" box="[1130,1399,1585,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526831F9DDFB80F9B0" bold="true" box="[1130,1150,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC5268D6F9DDFB33F9B0" bold="true" box="[1165,1229,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">gigas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF90AC526888F9DDFA89F9B0" author="Boucek Z." box="[1235,1399,1585,1611]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="199 - 205" refId="ref32376" refString="Boucek Z. 1972. Descriptions of new eulophid parasites (Hym., Chalcidoidea) from Africa and the Canary Islands. Bulletin of Entomological Research 62: 199 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300047647" type="journal article" year="1972">Bouček, 1972</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526C9AF9B8FA89F94F" blockId="13.[189,1399,1515,1716]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC526C9AF9B8FA89F94F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">– F1 of female 3.0–4.0× as long as wide, F2 2.0–3.0 × as long as wide; gaster of female at most 3.0× as long as wide, slightly longer than head plus mesosoma, syntergum sub-triangular, wider than long; male (when known) with three-segmented funicle and two-segmented clava......................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF90AC516CE6F936FA89FE75" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC526CE6F936FA89F858" blockId="13.[189,1399,1754,2025]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC526CE6F936FA89F858" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
5. Metascutellum long (about one-third the length of propodeum), with lateral margins outlined (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526CA8F911FEABF8E3" box="[243,341,1789,1816]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[190,233,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-125@18.[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 8. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (SANC). A–D. ♀, from Zimbabwe. E–F. ♂, from RSA. A–B, E–F. Habitus in dorso-lateral (A, F), lateral (B) and dorsal (E) views. C. Propodeum. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127274" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127274/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 8C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526D3FF912FE72F8E3" box="[356,396,1790,1816]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1845,1871]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-55@20.[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. A, C–D. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). B. C. eburnus sp. nov. (paratype, Ivory Coast; CBGP). E–F. C. gigas Bouček, 1972 (paratype, Ghana; NHMUK). A–B. Propodeum. C–D, F. Axillula. E. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127276/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">9A</figureCitation>
); metasoma of female slightly longer than head plus mesosoma, about 2.0–3.0 × as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526DC3F8CCFDE3F8C1" box="[408,541,1824,1850]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[190,233,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-125@18.[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 8. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (SANC). A–D. ♀, from Zimbabwe. E–F. ♂, from RSA. A–B, E–F. Habitus in dorso-lateral (A, F), lateral (B) and dorsal (E) views. C. Propodeum. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127274" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127274/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8A–B</figureCitation>
); dorsal ‘roof’ of metasomal petiole about 0.4× as long as propodeum (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526CA8F8AFFEBEF8A6" box="[243,320,1859,1885]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[190,233,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-125@18.[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 8. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (SANC). A–D. ♀, from Zimbabwe. E–F. ♂, from RSA. A–B, E–F. Habitus in dorso-lateral (A, F), lateral (B) and dorsal (E) views. C. Propodeum. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127274" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127274/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 8</figureCitation>
С, 9A); prosternum evenly curved; tip of scape slightly darker than the remaining part of it; subcosta of submarginal vein with two to three dorsal setae; fore wing mostly transparent; male funiculars less than 3.0× as long as wide ............................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF90AC526869F865FA89F858" ID-CoL="X8MX" authority="Waterston, 1916" authorityName="Waterston" authorityYear="1916" box="[1074,1399,1929,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="necator">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC526869F865FBB8F858" bold="true" box="[1074,1094,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF90AC52680FF865FB51F858" bold="true" box="[1108,1199,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">necator</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF90AC5268ECF865FA89F858" author="Waterston J." box="[1207,1399,1929,1955]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="123 - 132" refId="ref33512" refString="Waterston J. 1916. Notes on African Chalcidoidea-V. Bulletin of Entomological Research 7: 123 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300017442" type="journal article" year="1916">Waterston, 1916</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF90AC516C9AF840FA89FE75" blockId="13.[189,1399,1754,2025]" lastBlockId="14.[234,1400,265,398]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF90AC516C9AF840FA89FE75" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
– Metascutellum short (about one quarter the length of propodeum), with lateral margins evenly curved (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526CAAF822FEB1F813" box="[241,335,1998,2024]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1845,1871]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-55@20.[189,1399,265,1792]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. A, C–D. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). B. C. eburnus sp. nov. (paratype, Ivory Coast; CBGP). E–F. C. gigas Bouček, 1972 (paratype, Ghana; NHMUK). A–B. Propodeum. C–D, F. Axillula. E. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127276/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 9B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526D01F822FE74F813" box="[346,394,1998,2024]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1755,1781]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-55@24.[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Colpixys eburnus sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A–B. Wings under direct (A) and reflected (B, showing WIP) light. C, E. Habitus in lateral (C) and dorsal (E) views. D. Head in frontal view. F. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127280/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">11F</figureCitation>
); metasoma shorter than head plus mesosoma (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF90AC526FF0F822FBCDF813" box="[939,1075,1998,2024]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1755,1781]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-55@24.[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Colpixys eburnus sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A–B. Wings under direct (A) and reflected (B, showing WIP) light. C, E. Habitus in lateral (C) and dorsal (E) views. D. Head in frontal view. F. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127280/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 11C, E</figureCitation>
), as long as wide or slightly wider than long; dorsal ‘roof’ of petiole about 0.3 × as long as propodeum (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC51682AFEE5FB27FED8" box="[1137,1241,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1755,1781]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-55@24.[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Colpixys eburnus sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A–B. Wings under direct (A) and reflected (B, showing WIP) light. C, E. Habitus in lateral (C) and dorsal (E) views. D. Head in frontal view. F. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127280/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
); prosternum with a transverse carina or ridge on its arc; base of scape slightly darker than the remaining apical part (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516D72FEBCFE47FE91" box="[297,441,336,362]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1755,1781]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-55@24.[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Colpixys eburnus sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A–B. Wings under direct (A) and reflected (B, showing WIP) light. C, E. Habitus in lateral (C) and dorsal (E) views. D. Head in frontal view. F. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127280/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 11C–D</figureCitation>
); subcosta of submarginal vein with two dorsal setae; fore wing slightly infumate medially (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516D3AFE9FFE13FE76" box="[353,493,371,397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1755,1781]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-55@24.[189,1399,265,1705]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Colpixys eburnus sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A–B. Wings under direct (A) and reflected (B, showing WIP) light. C, E. Habitus in lateral (C) and dorsal (E) views. D. Head in frontal view. F. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127280" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127280/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 11A–C</figureCitation>
) ......................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC5168D4FE9FFAEAFE75" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1167,1300,371,398]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Colpixys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eburnus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168D4FE9FFB5DFE76" bold="true" box="[1167,1187,371,397]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168EAFE9FFAEAFE75" bold="true" box="[1201,1300,371,398]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">eburnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF93AC516947FE98FA89FE75" box="[1308,1399,372,398]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF93AC516CE6FE59FA89FD58" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516CE6FE59FA89FDA7" blockId="14.[189,1399,437,675]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516CE6FE59FA89FDA7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
6. Anterior margin of mesoscutellum with a paired anteromedian protrusion (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC5168AAFE59FA8CFE34" box="[1265,1394,437,463]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="69.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,413,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-70@69.[189,1399,413,1927]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="Fig. 34. Xiphentedon forceps sp. nov., ♀ (SANC, used for SEM). A. Body. B. Mesosoma. C. Head in frontal view. D. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127328/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 34B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516CB1FE34FEDEFE08" box="[234,288,472,499]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="72.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,263,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-69@72.[201,1386,263,1891]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Fig. 35. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov. A–B, D. ♀, holotype (Benin; MNHN). C, E. ♂, paratype (RSA; SANC). F. ♀, paratype (DRC; MRAC). A, C, F. Habitus. B, D. Mesosoma in lateral (B: the axillular projection is arrowed) and dorsal (D) views. E. Head and anterior part of mesosoma, fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127330/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">35D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516D6EFE34FE98FE09" box="[309,358,472,498]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-60@74.[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 36. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov., ♀, paratype (Benin; CIRAD). A. Head and mesosoma in ventral view. B. Wings, WIP. C–D. Lower face and prothorax, ventral view, the flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed. E. Mesoscutellum and propodeum. F. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127332/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">36E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516D27FE34FE20FE09" box="[380,478,472,498]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-88@76.[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 37. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). C–E. ♀♀, paratypes from Tanzania (C–D; CBGP) and RSA (E; SANC). F–H. ♂♂, paratypes from DRC (F; MRAC) and from RSA (G–H; NHMUK). A, C, G. Habitus (inset C: axilla). B, D. Mesosoma and petiole. E–F. Face, the genal spike is arrowed. H. Head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127334/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">37B, D</figureCitation>
); median area of propodeum with coriaceous or lightly reticulate strip, borders of which diverge anteriorly (mostly broadly Y-shaped) and delimited by fine carinae or pliciform borders (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516E3EFDF3FD21FDC2" box="[613,735,543,569]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,495,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-137@68.[189,1399,495,1856]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 33. A–B. Xiphentedon forceps sp. nov. A–D, H. ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). E. ♀, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). F. ♂, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A, C, F. Habitus in lateral (A) and dorsal (C, F) views. B. Mesosoma in lateral view, the axillula is arrowed. D. Propodeum. E. Head in frontal view. G. Wings, WIP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127326/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 33D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516EAFFDF3FCD9FDC2" box="[756,807,543,569]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="69.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,413,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-70@69.[189,1399,413,1927]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="Fig. 34. Xiphentedon forceps sp. nov., ♀ (SANC, used for SEM). A. Body. B. Mesosoma. C. Head in frontal view. D. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127328/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">34B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516F67FDF3FC8FFDC1" box="[828,881,543,570]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="72.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,263,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-69@72.[201,1386,263,1891]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Fig. 35. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov. A–B, D. ♀, holotype (Benin; MNHN). C, E. ♂, paratype (RSA; SANC). F. ♀, paratype (DRC; MRAC). A, C, F. Habitus. B, D. Mesosoma in lateral (B: the axillular projection is arrowed) and dorsal (D) views. E. Head and anterior part of mesosoma, fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127330/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">35D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516FDDFDF3FC46FDC2" box="[902,952,543,569]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-60@74.[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 36. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov., ♀, paratype (Benin; CIRAD). A. Head and mesosoma in ventral view. B. Wings, WIP. C–D. Lower face and prothorax, ventral view, the flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed. E. Mesoscutellum and propodeum. F. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127332/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">36E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516F96FDF3FBD0FDC2" box="[973,1070,543,569]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-88@76.[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 37. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). C–E. ♀♀, paratypes from Tanzania (C–D; CBGP) and RSA (E; SANC). F–H. ♂♂, paratypes from DRC (F; MRAC) and from RSA (G–H; NHMUK). A, C, G. Habitus (inset C: axilla). B, D. Mesosoma and petiole. E–F. Face, the genal spike is arrowed. H. Head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127334/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">37B, D</figureCitation>
); metasomal petiole short conical in female, long conical in male (when known)…7 (
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516FB2FDAEFA93FDA6" bold="true" box="[1001,1389,578,605]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC516FB2FDAEFBBFFDA7" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1001,1089,578,604]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forceps">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516FB2FDAEFBBFFDA7" bold="true" box="[1001,1089,578,604]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">forceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC516889FDAEFA93FDA6" ID-CoL="649LK" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1234,1389,578,605]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516889FDAEFA93FDA6" bold="true" box="[1234,1389,578,605]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516C9AFD8AFA89FD58" blockId="14.[189,1399,437,675]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516C9AFD8AFA89FD58" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
– Anterior margin of mesoscutellum almost straight or evenly curved (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC51684DFD89FB79FD84" box="[1046,1159,613,639]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-12@32.[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 16. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (RSA; NHMUK). A. Head in latero-dorsal view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Axillula. D. Meso- and metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127290/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 16D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC5168CFFD89FB34FD7B" box="[1172,1226,613,640]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="50.[189,232,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[203,1384,265,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-58@50.[203,1384,265,1890]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Fig. 25. Xiphentedon jeanyvesi sp. nov., ♀, from CAR (SAM-HYM-P065301). A–C. Habitus. A. Fronto-dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Dorsal view. D. Mesosoma and posterior part of metasoma. E. Mesosoma in lateral view; the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127310" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127310/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">25D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC51688DFD8AFAF5FD7B" box="[1238,1291,614,640]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="66.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,789,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-230@66.[189,1399,789,1894]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="Fig. 32. Xiphentedon nimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Guinea; MRAC). A. Habitus in dorsal view. B–C. Mesosoma in dorso-lateral (B, the axillla is arrowed) and dorsal (C) views. D–E. Head in dorsal (D) and frontal (E) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127324/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">32C</figureCitation>
), at most with weak indentation (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516DA4FD65FD91FD58" box="[511,623,649,675]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,275,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-61@39.[228,1360,266,1883]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Xiphentedon simoni sp. nov. ♀, holotype (Tanzania; SAMC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Mesosoma. E–F. Head. E. Dorsal view. F. Frontal view. G. Posterior part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127296/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 19D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516E27FD65FD53FD58" box="[636,685,649,675]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-68@61.[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 30. Xiphentedon palabora sp. nov., ♀, holotype (RSA; SAMC). A–C. Habitus, in lateral (A), dorsolateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed. E. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. F. Head in frontal view. G. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127320/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">30E</figureCitation>
) ............................................................................................ 9
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF93AC516CE6FD27FA89FC27" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516CE6FD27FA89FC6D" blockId="14.[189,1399,714,989]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516CE6FD27FA89FC6D" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
7. Gena with a short acute spike (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516EDBFD26FCEFFD1E" box="[640,785,714,741]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-88@76.[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 37. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). C–E. ♀♀, paratypes from Tanzania (C–D; CBGP) and RSA (E; SANC). F–H. ♂♂, paratypes from DRC (F; MRAC) and from RSA (G–H; NHMUK). A, C, G. Habitus (inset C: axilla). B, D. Mesosoma and petiole. E–F. Face, the genal spike is arrowed. H. Head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127334/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 37E–F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516F7EFD27FC80FD1E" box="[805,894,715,741]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="78.[188,231,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,397,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-117@78.[189,1399,397,1886]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="Fig. 38. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A. ♀, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). B–E. ♂, paratype (RSA; NHMUK). A. Face. B. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. C. Prosternum. D. Propodeum. E. Axillula. The genal spike is arrowed in A and B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127338/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">38A–B</figureCitation>
); scape pale, slightly darkened apically; fore tibia with two pale stripes, other tibiae pale (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516F16FD02FC42FCF3" box="[845,956,750,776]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-88@76.[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 37. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). C–E. ♀♀, paratypes from Tanzania (C–D; CBGP) and RSA (E; SANC). F–H. ♂♂, paratypes from DRC (F; MRAC) and from RSA (G–H; NHMUK). A, C, G. Habitus (inset C: axilla). B, D. Mesosoma and petiole. E–F. Face, the genal spike is arrowed. H. Head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127334/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 37C</figureCitation>
); median strip of propodeum lightly reticulate, its delimitation fading posteriorly among coarse reticulation; lateral propodeal sulcus incomplete, interrupted medially (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516EBBFCD9FC81FCB4" box="[736,895,821,847]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-88@76.[369,1218,265,1860]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 37. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). C–E. ♀♀, paratypes from Tanzania (C–D; CBGP) and RSA (E; SANC). F–H. ♂♂, paratypes from DRC (F; MRAC) and from RSA (G–H; NHMUK). A, C, G. Habitus (inset C: axilla). B, D. Mesosoma and petiole. E–F. Face, the genal spike is arrowed. H. Head." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127334/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 37B, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516FCBFCD9FC38FCB4" box="[912,966,821,847]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="78.[188,231,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,397,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-117@78.[189,1399,397,1886]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="Fig. 38. Xiphentedon acutigena sp. nov. A. ♀, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). B–E. ♂, paratype (RSA; NHMUK). A. Face. B. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. C. Prosternum. D. Propodeum. E. Axillula. The genal spike is arrowed in A and B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127338" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127338/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">38D</figureCitation>
); axillular projection lamellate and multidentate (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516DD6FCB4FE09FC89" box="[397,503,856,882]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStartId-0="7.[188,231,1787,1813]" captionStartId-1="8.[189,232,1821,1847]" captionStartId-2="10.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionStartId-3="11.[189,232,1696,1722]" captionStartId-4="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionStartId-5="18.[190,233,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetBox-4="[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetBox-5="[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetId-0="figure-221@7.[189,1399,561,1757]" captionTargetId-1="figure-187@8.[189,1399,574,1770]" captionTargetId-2="figure-217@10.[189,1399,625,1865]" captionTargetId-3="figure-53@11.[189,1399,265,1658]" captionTargetId-4="figure-12@12.[228,1359,263,1793]" captionTargetId-5="figure-125@18.[189,1399,452,1882]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionTargetPageId-4="12" captionTargetPageId-5="18" captionText-0="Fig. 3. A–B. Apleurotropis lacteicoxa (Girault, 1915), ♀ (NHMUK). A. Anterior part of mesosoma. B. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. A. C–D. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀ (NHMUK). C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Enlarged area arrowed in Fig. C. E. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), lateral panel of pronotum (used for SEM). F. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM), lateral panel of pronotum. Abbreviations: dsh = dorsal expansion of pronotum (virtual pronotal shoulder); lpl = lateral pronotal plica; or = orifices; pcr = pronotal carina on lateral panel of pronotum." captionText-1="Fig. 4. Posterior mesosoma and attachment points of hind and mid legs. A. Entedon sparetus Walker, 1839, ♀ (reared from Gymnetron asellus (Gravenhorst, 1807)) (used for SEM). B. E. bruchivorus Rasplus, 1990 (NHMUK). C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (NHMUK). D. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, MRAC). E. Achrysocharoides zwoelferi (Delucchi, 1954) (used for SEM). F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841) (used for SEM). Abbreviations: lep 2 = lower mesepimeron; tps = transepimeral sulcus." captionText-2="Fig. 5. Head in frontal view.A–B. Pediobius aff. eubius (Walker, 1839), ♀ (used for SEM). C. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). D. Chrysocharis prodice (Walker, 1839), ♂ (used for SEM). E–F. Achrysocharoides sp., ♂ (used for SEM). Abbreviations: ev = external view; fs = frontal sutures; iv = internal view; scg = scrobal grooves; scr = scrobal depressions." captionText-3="Fig. 6. Head in frontal view. A–B. Entedon zanara Walker, 1839, ♀ (used for SEM). C–D. E. cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). E–F. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957 (holotype, Rwanda; MRAC). Abbreviation: fs = frontal sutures." captionText-4="Fig. 7. Anelli. A–B. Entedon cyanellus Dalman, 1820, ♀ (used for SEM). A. External view. B. Internal view. C. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916, ♀, internal view (NHMUK). D. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). E–F. Mestocharis maculata (Foerster, 1841), ♀ (used for SEM). E. External view. F. Internal view. G. Pleurotroppopsis podagrica (Waterston, 1925), ♀, external view (NHMUK). H. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀, external view (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: a1–a3 = anelli; sa = sensillum ampullaceum." captionText-5="Fig. 8. Colpixys necator Waterston, 1916 (SANC). A–D. ♀, from Zimbabwe. E–F. ♂, from RSA. A–B, E–F. Habitus in dorso-lateral (A, F), lateral (B) and dorsal (E) views. C. Propodeum. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in dorsal view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127262" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127264" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127266" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127268" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127270" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127274" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10127262/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10127264/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10127266/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10127268/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10127270/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/10127274/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 38E</figureCitation>
); male antenna with a deep constriction between two terminal flagellomeres (clavomeres) ..................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC516827FC90FAEBFC6E" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1148,1301,891,918]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutigena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516827FC90FAEBFC6E" bold="true" box="[1148,1301,891,918]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516827FC90FB6EFC6D" bold="true" box="[1148,1168,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168C5FC97FAEBFC6E" bold="true" box="[1182,1301,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">acutigena</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF93AC516947FC90FA89FC6D" box="[1308,1399,892,918]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516C9AFC73FA89FC27" blockId="14.[189,1399,714,989]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516C9AFC73FA89FC27" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">– Gena smooth, without a spike; scape dark, mid and hind tibiae darkened not more than basally; median strip of propodeum coriaceous, stretching back to nucha; lateral propodeal sulcus complete ......... 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF93AC516CE6FBE8FA89FB57" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516CE6FBE8FA89FB9E" blockId="14.[189,1399,1028,1196]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516CE6FBE8FA89FB9E" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
8. Mid and hind tibiae darkened with just a narrow basal band (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516FF6FBE8FBE4FBE5" box="[941,1050,1028,1054]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,495,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-137@68.[189,1399,495,1856]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 33. A–B. Xiphentedon forceps sp. nov. A–D, H. ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). E. ♀, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). F. ♂, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A, C, F. Habitus in lateral (A) and dorsal (C, F) views. B. Mesosoma in lateral view, the axillula is arrowed. D. Propodeum. E. Head in frontal view. G. Wings, WIP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127326/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 33A</figureCitation>
), fore tibia with two traceable longitudinal pale stripes; median strip of propodeum nearly 2.0 × as wide anteriorly as posteriorly (narrowly Y-shaped) (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516DB7FBA6FDA5FB9E" box="[492,603,1098,1125]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="68.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,495,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-137@68.[189,1399,495,1856]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Fig. 33. A–B. Xiphentedon forceps sp. nov. A–D, H. ♀, holotype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). E. ♀, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). F. ♂, paratype (Ivory Coast; CBGP). A, C, F. Habitus in lateral (A) and dorsal (C, F) views. B. Mesosoma in lateral view, the axillula is arrowed. D. Propodeum. E. Head in frontal view. G. Wings, WIP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127326/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 33D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516E3CFBA7FD67FB9E" box="[615,665,1099,1125]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="69.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,413,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-70@69.[189,1399,413,1927]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="Fig. 34. Xiphentedon forceps sp. nov., ♀ (SANC, used for SEM). A. Body. B. Mesosoma. C. Head in frontal view. D. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127328/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">34B</figureCitation>
) ................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC5168C0FBA7FAEBFB9F" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1179,1301,1098,1125]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forceps" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168C0FBA7FAEBFB9F" bold="true" box="[1179,1301,1098,1125]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168C0FBA7FB51FB9E" bold="true" box="[1179,1199,1099,1125]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168E6FBA6FAEBFB9F" bold="true" box="[1213,1301,1098,1124]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">forceps</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF93AC516947FBA7FA89FB9E" box="[1308,1399,1099,1125]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516C9AFB82FA89FB57" blockId="14.[189,1399,1028,1196]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516C9AFB82FA89FB57" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
– Legs almost entirely dark (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516E73FB82FD68FB72" box="[552,662,1134,1161]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="72.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,263,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-69@72.[201,1386,263,1891]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Fig. 35. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov. A–B, D. ♀, holotype (Benin; MNHN). C, E. ♂, paratype (RSA; SANC). F. ♀, paratype (DRC; MRAC). A, C, F. Habitus. B, D. Mesosoma in lateral (B: the axillular projection is arrowed) and dorsal (D) views. E. Head and anterior part of mesosoma, fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127330/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 35A</figureCitation>
); median strip of propodeum less than 1.5 × as wide anteriorly as posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516DC2FB7DFDF4FB57" box="[409,522,1169,1196]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="72.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,263,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-69@72.[201,1386,263,1891]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Fig. 35. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov. A–B, D. ♀, holotype (Benin; MNHN). C, E. ♂, paratype (RSA; SANC). F. ♀, paratype (DRC; MRAC). A, C, F. Habitus. B, D. Mesosoma in lateral (B: the axillular projection is arrowed) and dorsal (D) views. E. Head and anterior part of mesosoma, fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127330" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127330/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 35D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516E4EFB7DFDB8FB50" box="[533,582,1169,1195]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="74.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-60@74.[189,1399,265,1884]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Fig. 36. Xiphentedon gerardi sp. nov., ♀, paratype (Benin; CIRAD). A. Head and mesosoma in ventral view. B. Wings, WIP. C–D. Lower face and prothorax, ventral view, the flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed. E. Mesoscutellum and propodeum. F. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127332/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">36E</figureCitation>
) .............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC5168C0FB7EFAEBFB57" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1179,1301,1169,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerardi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168C0FB7EFAEBFB57" bold="true" box="[1179,1301,1169,1196]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168C0FB7EFB51FB57" bold="true" box="[1179,1199,1170,1196]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168E6FB7DFAEBFB57" bold="true" box="[1213,1301,1169,1196]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">gerardi</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF93AC516947FB7EFA89FB57" box="[1308,1399,1170,1196]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF93AC516CE6FB3FFA89FA65" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516CE6FB3FFA89FACF" blockId="14.[189,1399,1235,1439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516CE6FB3FFA89FACF" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
9. Larger species, usually more than 2.0 mm in length, head more than 2.0× as wide as long, gaster at least slightly longer than broad, median strip of propodeum of broad V (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC5168A5FB1AFA8CFAEB" box="[1278,1394,1270,1296]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-50@27.[189,1399,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957. A–B. ♀, holotype (Rwanda; MRAC). C–F. ♂ (Rwanda; MRAC). A, C. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. D, F. Axillula. E. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127282/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 12E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516CB1FAF6FEE0FACF" box="[234,286,1306,1332]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-72@28.[189,1399,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 13. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957. A–D. ♀, holotype (Rwanda; MRAC). E–F. ♂ (Rwanda; MRAC). A, E. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head enlarged. C. Head and mesosoma in dorsal view. D. Part of mesosoma in lateral view, axillula is arrowed and is shown in inset. F. Head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127284/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">13C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516D75FAF6FE9EFACF" box="[302,352,1306,1332]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1931,1957]" captionTargetBox="[308,1278,264,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-55@29.[308,1278,264,1894]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957, ♀ (Rwanda; MRAC). A–B. Habitus in lateral view. C. Habitus in dorsal view.D. Head and mesosoma.E. Propodeum.F–G. Head in frontal view.F. General view. G. Lower face enlarged." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127286/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">14E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516D2BFAF6FE5BFACF" box="[368,421,1306,1332]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-12@32.[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 16. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (RSA; NHMUK). A. Head in latero-dorsal view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Axillula. D. Meso- and metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127290/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">16D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516DEDFAF6FE17FACF" box="[438,489,1306,1332]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,275,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-61@39.[228,1360,266,1883]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Xiphentedon simoni sp. nov. ♀, holotype (Tanzania; SAMC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Mesosoma. E–F. Head. E. Dorsal view. F. Frontal view. G. Posterior part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127296/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">19D</figureCitation>
) or broad Y (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516ECDFAF6FCF4FACF" box="[662,778,1306,1332]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-56@36.[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 18. Xiphentedon musimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Propodeum. D. Posterior mesosoma in dorso-lateral view (axillula is arrowed). E. Face. F. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127294/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 18C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516F41FAF6FCB5FACF" box="[794,843,1306,1332]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1924,1950]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-164@42.[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Xiphentedon dewittei sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. E. Propodeum. F. Part of mesosoma (axillula is arrowed)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127298/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">20E</figureCitation>
) shape…10 (
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516FAAFAF5FA93FACF" bold="true" box="[1009,1389,1305,1332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC516FAAFAF5FBB2FACF" ID-CoL="7G9BQ" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1009,1100,1305,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kayovei">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516FAAFAF5FBB2FACF" bold="true" box="[1009,1100,1305,1332]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">kayovei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC516889FAF5FA93FACF" ID-CoL="649LK" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1234,1389,1305,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516889FAF5FA93FACF" bold="true" box="[1234,1389,1305,1332]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516C9AFAD2FA89FA65" blockId="14.[189,1399,1235,1439]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516C9AFAD2FA89FA65" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
– Smaller species, usually less than 2.0 mm in length, head less than 2.0 × as wide as long, gaster mostly subcircular, median propodeal strip Y-shaped (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516F84FA8CFBABFA80" box="[991,1109,1376,1403]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[189,232,1829,1855]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-54@44.[189,1399,265,1775]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 21. Xiphentedon danielssoni (Gumovsky, 1997) comb. nov., paratypes (RSA; MZLU). A–C. ♀. D–E. ♂. A–B, D. Habitus in lateral view. C. Mesosoma. E. Head and anterior part of mesosoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127300" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127300/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 21C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516833FA8DFB63FA80" box="[1128,1181,1377,1403]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,265,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-65@48.[216,1372,265,1901]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 24.Xiphentedon jeanyvesi sp.nov.A–B.♂,holotype (Tanzania; CBGP).C–H. ♀, paratype (Tanzania; CBGP). A, C. Habitus. B. Mesosoma. D (and insets A, C). Head in dorsal view. E, H. Propodeum. F. Posterior part of mesosoma; the axillula is arrowed. G. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127308/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">24H</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC5168EBFA8CFB18FA80" box="[1200,1254,1376,1403]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="50.[189,232,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[203,1384,265,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-58@50.[203,1384,265,1890]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Fig. 25. Xiphentedon jeanyvesi sp. nov., ♀, from CAR (SAM-HYM-P065301). A–C. Habitus. A. Fronto-dorsal view. B. Lateral view. C. Dorsal view. D. Mesosoma and posterior part of metasoma. E. Mesosoma in lateral view; the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127310" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127310/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">25D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC5168A3FA8CFAD4FA81" box="[1272,1322,1376,1402]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[189,232,1927,1953]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,464,1879]" captionTargetId="figure-98@53.[189,1399,464,1879]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 26. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov. A–B. ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). C–F. ♀, paratypes (CAR; SAMC). A–D. Habitus in lateral (A, D), dorsal (B) and dorso-lateral (C) views. E. Propodeum. F. Mesosoma in dorso-lateral view; the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127312" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127312/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">26E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516966FA8DFA8FFA80" box="[1341,1393,1377,1403]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="54.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-66@54.[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Fig. 27. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). A, C, F. Head in dorsal (A) and frontal (C, F) views. B. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. D. Propodeum and petiole. E. Mesosoma, ventral view. The flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed in E–F." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127314/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">27D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516CB1FA68FEE7FA65" box="[234,281,1412,1438]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1888,1914]" captionTargetBox="[300,1277,265,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-93@58.[300,1277,265,1850]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 29. Xiphentedon kivuensis sp. nov. A–F. ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus in lateral view. C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Head in dorsal view. E. Mesosoma in dorso-lateral view. F. Propodeum. G–H. ♂, paratype (DRC; MRAC). G. Habitus in lateral view. H. Posterior part of mesosoma. The axillula is arrowed in E and H, and shown in inset in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127318/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">29F</figureCitation>
) ......................................................................................15 (
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516F8BFA6FFA93FA65" bold="true" box="[976,1389,1411,1438]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC516F8BFA6FFBA7FA65" ID-CoL="39XG4" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gumovsky" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[976,1113,1411,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielssoni">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516F8BFA6FFBA7FA65" bold="true" box="[976,1113,1411,1438]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">danielssoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC516889FA6FFA93FA65" ID-CoL="649LK" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1234,1389,1411,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516889FA6FFA93FA65" bold="true" box="[1234,1389,1411,1438]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Xiphentedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF93AC516CE6FA2AFA88F996" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516CE6FA2AFA88F9DD" blockId="14.[189,1398,1477,1645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516CE6FA2AFA88F9DD" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
10. Propodeal strip subtrapeziform with nearly straight carinae diverging anteriorly (broad V-shaped, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516CB1FA05FEB6F9F8" box="[234,328,1513,1539]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetId="figure-212@4.[189,1399,535,1756]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Propodeum. A. Entedon sylvestris Szelényi, 1981, ♀ (used for SEM). B. Entedon crassiscapus Erdös, 1944, ♀ (used for SEM). C. Entedon magnificus (Girault &amp; Dodd, 1913), ♀ (SANC). D. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (used for SEM). E. Pediobius ropalidiae (Risbec, 1958), ♀ (paratype, MRAC). F. Colpixys gigas Bouček, 1972, ♀ (paratype, NHMUK). Abbreviations: lc = lateral channel on sides of median carina; lp = lateral plica; ls = lateral sulcus of propodeum; mc = median carina; mf = median furrow; msc = metascutellum; mstr = median strip; smc = submedian carinae; spt = spiracular tubercle on propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127258/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
), posterior areas of propodeum mostly smooth; gaster elongate, funicular segments with short peduncles ................................................................................................................................11
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516C9AF9DCFA88F996" blockId="14.[189,1398,1477,1645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516C9AF9DCFA88F996" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
– Propodeal strip Y-shaped, sculptured (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516EF8F9C3FCF2F9B1" box="[675,780,1583,1610]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-56@36.[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 18. Xiphentedon musimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Propodeum. D. Posterior mesosoma in dorso-lateral view (axillula is arrowed). E. Face. F. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127294/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
), posterior areas of propodeum light reticulate; gaster slightly longer than broad, funicular segments with dictinct peduncles ......................................... 14
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF93AC516CE6F979FA88F8C7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516CE6F979FA89F8E2" blockId="14.[189,1399,1684,1853]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516CE6F979FA89F8E2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
11. Propodeal median strip coriaceous, submedian areas light reticulate posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC5168F1F978FAE7F954" box="[1194,1305,1684,1711]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,275,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-61@39.[228,1360,266,1883]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Xiphentedon simoni sp. nov. ♀, holotype (Tanzania; SAMC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Mesosoma. E–F. Head. E. Dorsal view. F. Frontal view. G. Posterior part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127296/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 19D</figureCitation>
); gaster about 2.3× as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516E62F954FD58F929" box="[569,678,1720,1746]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,275,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-61@39.[228,1360,266,1883]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Xiphentedon simoni sp. nov. ♀, holotype (Tanzania; SAMC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Mesosoma. E–F. Head. E. Dorsal view. F. Frontal view. G. Posterior part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127296/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
), syntergum about 1.3–1.4 × as long as wide; anterior margin of mesoscutellum with very short median paired indentations (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516F98F937FBD1F90E" box="[963,1071,1755,1781]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[189,232,1929,1955]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,275,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-61@39.[228,1360,266,1883]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 19. Xiphentedon simoni sp. nov. ♀, holotype (Tanzania; SAMC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Mesosoma. E–F. Head. E. Dorsal view. F. Frontal view. G. Posterior part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127296" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127296/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 19D</figureCitation>
); costal cell with three setae on ventral surface ................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC5168FAF913FAEBF8E2" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1185,1301,1791,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC5168FAF913FAEBF8E2" bold="true" box="[1185,1301,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">X. simoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF93AC516947F913FA89F8E2" box="[1308,1399,1791,1817]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516C9AF8CFFA88F8C7" blockId="14.[189,1399,1684,1853]" box="[193,1398,1826,1853]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516C9AF8CFFA88F8C7" box="[193,1398,1826,1853]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">– Propodeal strip and submedian areas smooth ................................................................................. 12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF93AC516CE6F888FA88F813" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516CE6F888FA89F859" blockId="14.[189,1399,1892,2025]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516CE6F888FA89F859" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
12. Syntergum of female gaster somewhat wider than long (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF93AC516FCAF888FBBDF885" box="[913,1091,1892,1918]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="34.[189,232,1889,1915]" captionTargetBox="[313,1274,267,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-77@34.[313,1274,267,1846]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="Fig. 17. Xiphentedon halli (Gumovsky, 1997) comb. nov., ♀, holotype (Sierra-Leone; MZLU). A–D. Color images. E–I. Line drawings from Gumovsky (1997). A, C, E. Habitus. A. Lateral view. C, E. Dorsal view. B, G. Head in frontal view. D, F. Propodeum. H. Head in dorsal view. I. Antennal scape and pedicel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127292" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127292/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 17A, C, E</figureCitation>
); costal cell of fore wing asetose .................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF93AC516FEAF86BFB13F85A" authority="(Gumovsky, 1997)" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gumovsky" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[945,1261,1926,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halli" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516FEAF86BFBF4F85A" bold="true" box="[945,1034,1926,1953]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516FEAF86BFC3BF85A" bold="true" box="[945,965,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF93AC516F88F86AFBF4F85A" bold="true" box="[979,1034,1926,1953]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">halli</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF93AC516841F86BFB1BF85A" author="Gumovsky A. V." box="[1050,1253,1927,1953]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="24 - 36" refId="ref33022" refString="Gumovsky A. V. 1997. Review of the genus Entedon Dalman, 1820 (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, Entedoninae). 1. Infrageneric division of the genus Entedon with description of a new subgenus from Africa. Vestnik Zoologii 31 (5 - 6): 24 - 36." type="journal article" year="1997">Gumovsky, 1997</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF93AC5168AEF86BFA89F859" box="[1269,1399,1927,1954]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF93AC516C9AF847FA88F813" blockId="14.[189,1399,1892,2025]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF93AC516C9AF847FA88F813" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">– Syntergum of female gaster at least 3.0 × as long as broad; costal cell of fore wing with a row of short hairs ................................................................................................................................................. 13</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF92AC506CE6FEE5FA89FDBA" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506CE6FEE5FA89FE75" blockId="15.[189,1400,265,577]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506CE6FEE5FA89FE75" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
13. Syntergum of female about 3.0 × as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506F76FEE5FC67FED8" box="[813,921,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[189,232,1863,1889]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-12@32.[189,1399,265,1806]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 16. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., ♀ (RSA; NHMUK). A. Head in latero-dorsal view. B. Head in frontal view. C. Axillula. D. Meso- and metasoma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127290" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127290/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 16D</figureCitation>
); mid and hind tibiae darkened similarly: both not more than on their basal one-quarter to one-third (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506FC0FEC0FBD2FEBC" box="[923,1068,300,327]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="31.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,669,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-167@31.[189,1399,669,1912]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Fig. 15. Xiphentedon neserorum sp. nov., paratypes (RSA; SANC). A–B. ♀, habitus. C–D. ♂, habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127288/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 15A–B</figureCitation>
); metasomal petiole of male with anterior collar, slightly longer than broad; costal cell of fore wing with three setae on ventral surfaсe .............................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC50682BFE98FAEBFE75" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1136,1301,372,398]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neserorum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC50682BFE98FAEBFE75" bold="true" box="[1136,1301,372,398]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC50682BFE98FB7AFE75" bold="true" box="[1136,1156,372,398]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068C8FE98FAEBFE75" bold="true" box="[1171,1301,372,398]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">neserorum</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC506947FE98FA89FE75" box="[1308,1399,372,398]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506C9AFE74FA89FDBA" blockId="15.[189,1400,265,577]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506C9AFE74FA89FDBA" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
– Syntergum of female at least 5.0× as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506F14FE7BFC42FE49" box="[847,956,407,434]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1931,1957]" captionTargetBox="[308,1278,264,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-55@29.[308,1278,264,1894]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957, ♀ (Rwanda; MRAC). A–B. Habitus in lateral view. C. Habitus in dorsal view.D. Head and mesosoma.E. Propodeum.F–G. Head in frontal view.F. General view. G. Lower face enlarged." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127286/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
); mid and hind tibiae differ in degree of dark coloration: hind tibia darkened not more than on its basal half, but mid tibia darkened on about basal 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC506DF6FE32FE15FE03" bold="true" box="[429,491,478,505]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">¾–+/5</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506E5AFE33FD86FE02" box="[513,632,479,505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1893,1919]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1845]" captionTargetId="figure-50@27.[189,1399,265,1845]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 12. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957. A–B. ♀, holotype (Rwanda; MRAC). C–F. ♂ (Rwanda; MRAC). A, C. Habitus in lateral view. B. Head in frontal view. D, F. Axillula. E. Propodeum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127282" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127282/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 12A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506ED2FE33FD16FE02" box="[649,744,479,505]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1931,1957]" captionTargetBox="[308,1278,264,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-55@29.[308,1278,264,1894]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. Xiphentedon kayovei Risbec, 1957, ♀ (Rwanda; MRAC). A–B. Habitus in lateral view. C. Habitus in dorsal view.D. Head and mesosoma.E. Propodeum.F–G. Head in frontal view.F. General view. G. Lower face enlarged." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127286" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127286/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">14A, C</figureCitation>
); metasomal petiole of male nearly 2.8 × as long as wide, without anterior collar; costal cell of fore wing at most with one to two setae on ventral side ............................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC506803FDCAFA89FDBA" ID-CoL="7G9BQ" authority="Risbec, 1957" authorityName="Risbec" authorityYear="1957" box="[1112,1399,549,577]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kayovei">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC506803FDCAFB28FDBB" bold="true" box="[1112,1238,549,576]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC506803FDCAFB92FDBB" bold="true" box="[1112,1132,550,576]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC506820FDC9FB28FDBB" bold="true" box="[1147,1238,549,576]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">kayovei</emphasis>
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF92AC506886FDCAFA89FDBA" author="Risbec J." box="[1245,1399,550,577]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="148 - 231" refId="ref33293" refString="Risbec J. 1957. Contribution a l'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). CXXIII. Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae, Pteromalidae, Eurytomidae, Torymidae, Perilampidae, Encyrtidae et Eupelmidae. Annales du Musee royal Congo belge Tervuren (Zoologie) 58: 148 - 231." type="journal article" year="1957">Risbec, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF92AC506CE6FD84FA89FCA3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506CE6FD84FA89FD16" blockId="15.[189,1399,616,856]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506CE6FD84FA89FD16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
14. Antennal scape entirely dark, metallic; median propodeal strip abruptly narrowing posteriorly (Y-shaped: 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506D2FFD67FE1CFD5D" box="[372,482,651,678]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-56@36.[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 18. Xiphentedon musimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Propodeum. D. Posterior mesosoma in dorso-lateral view (axillula is arrowed). E. Face. F. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127294/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
), metasomal petiole long and robust, nearly 4.0× as long as wide (appears shorter if observed in dorsal view); gena nearly evenly curved (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506F82FD43FBBDFD32" box="[985,1091,687,713]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-56@36.[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 18. Xiphentedon musimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Propodeum. D. Posterior mesosoma in dorso-lateral view (axillula is arrowed). E. Face. F. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127294/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
); axillular projection with four to five denticles (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506DB6FD3FFDA9FD16" box="[493,599,723,749]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[189,232,1925,1951]" captionTargetBox="[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-56@36.[286,1302,265,1883]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 18. Xiphentedon musimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Dorsal view. B. Dorso-lateral view. C. Propodeum. D. Posterior mesosoma in dorso-lateral view (axillula is arrowed). E. Face. F. Head in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127294" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127294/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
) ........................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC5068DFFD3FFAEBFD16" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1156,1301,722,749]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musimba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068DFFD3FFAEBFD16" bold="true" box="[1156,1301,722,749]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068DFFD3FFB66FD16" bold="true" box="[1156,1176,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068FDFD3EFAEBFD16" bold="true" box="[1190,1301,722,749]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">musimba</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC506947FD3FFA89FD16" box="[1308,1399,723,749]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506C9AFD1BFA89FCA3" blockId="15.[189,1399,616,856]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506C9AFD1BFA89FCA3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
– Antennal scape pale basally; median propodeal strip gradually narrowing posteriorly (intermediate between broad Y- and V-shaped), metasomal petiole short conical (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506FA9FCF6FBA2FCCF" box="[1010,1116,794,820]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1924,1950]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-164@42.[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Xiphentedon dewittei sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. E. Propodeum. F. Part of mesosoma (axillula is arrowed)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127298/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 20E</figureCitation>
); gena bulging; axillular projection with six denticles (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506E1EFCD1FD55FCA3" box="[581,683,829,856]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1924,1950]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-164@42.[189,1399,575,1884]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Xiphentedon dewittei sp. nov., ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus. A. Lateral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Fore wing, WIP. D. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. E. Propodeum. F. Part of mesosoma (axillula is arrowed)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127298" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127298/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 20F</figureCitation>
) ................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC5068CDFCD2FAEBFCA3" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1174,1301,829,856]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dewittei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068CDFCD2FAEBFCA3" bold="true" box="[1174,1301,829,856]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068CDFCD2FB54FCA3" bold="true" box="[1174,1194,830,856]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068E3FCD1FAEBFCA3" bold="true" box="[1208,1301,829,856]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">dewittei</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC506947FCD2FA89FCA3" box="[1308,1399,830,856]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF92AC506CE6FC93FA88FC46" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506CE6FC93FA88FC62" blockId="15.[189,1398,895,958]" box="[189,1398,895,922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506CE6FC93FA88FC62" box="[189,1398,895,922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">15. Antennal scape entirely dark, metallic ............................................................................................ 16</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506C9AFC48FA88FC46" blockId="15.[189,1398,895,958]" box="[193,1398,931,958]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506C9AFC48FA88FC46" box="[193,1398,931,958]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">– Antennal scape at least partially pale .............................................................................................. 19</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF92AC506CE6FC09FA88FB91" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506CE6FC09FA89FBBC" blockId="15.[189,1399,997,1130]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506CE6FC09FA89FBBC" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
16. Metasomal petiole short, wider than long (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506F59FC09FC8DFC04" box="[770,883,997,1023]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-68@61.[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 30. Xiphentedon palabora sp. nov., ♀, holotype (RSA; SAMC). A–C. Habitus, in lateral (A), dorsolateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed. E. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. F. Head in frontal view. G. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127320/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 30E</figureCitation>
); gaster slightly longer than broad, ovate (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506CA8FBE4FE9FFBD8" box="[243,353,1032,1059]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-68@61.[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 30. Xiphentedon palabora sp. nov., ♀, holotype (RSA; SAMC). A–C. Habitus, in lateral (A), dorsolateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed. E. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. F. Head in frontal view. G. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127320/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 30C</figureCitation>
); mid and hind tibiae pale on posterior half (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506F23FBE4FBF4FBD8" box="[888,1034,1032,1059]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-68@61.[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 30. Xiphentedon palabora sp. nov., ♀, holotype (RSA; SAMC). A–C. Habitus, in lateral (A), dorsolateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed. E. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. F. Head in frontal view. G. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127320/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 30A, C</figureCitation>
); scape slender, but narrowing apicad, flagellum with short robust segments (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506F52FBC0FC6CFBBD" box="[777,914,1068,1094]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-68@61.[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 30. Xiphentedon palabora sp. nov., ♀, holotype (RSA; SAMC). A–C. Habitus, in lateral (A), dorsolateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed. E. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. F. Head in frontal view. G. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127320/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 30F–G</figureCitation>
)................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC5068DCFBC1FAEBFBBC" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1159,1301,1068,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palabora" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068DCFBC1FAEBFBBC" bold="true" box="[1159,1301,1068,1095]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068DCFBC1FB65FBBC" bold="true" box="[1159,1179,1069,1095]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068F2FBC0FAEBFBBC" bold="true" box="[1193,1301,1068,1095]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">palabora</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC506947FBC1FA89FBBC" box="[1308,1399,1069,1095]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506C9AFBBCFA88FB91" blockId="15.[189,1399,997,1130]" box="[193,1398,1104,1130]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506C9AFBBCFA88FB91" box="[193,1398,1104,1130]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
– Metasomal petiole robust, as long as or longer than broad (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506FC6FBBCFBF6FB91" box="[925,1032,1104,1130]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="54.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-66@54.[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Fig. 27. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). A, C, F. Head in dorsal (A) and frontal (C, F) views. B. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. D. Propodeum and petiole. E. Mesosoma, ventral view. The flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed in E–F." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127314/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 27D</figureCitation>
) .......................................... 17
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF92AC506CE6FB7EFA88FB34" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506CE6FB7EFA88FB57" blockId="15.[189,1398,1170,1232]" box="[189,1398,1170,1196]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506CE6FB7EFA88FB57" box="[189,1398,1170,1196]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
17. Interantennal space without a process (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506EE9FB7EFCE6FB57" box="[690,792,1170,1196]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="54.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-66@54.[246,1342,265,1856]" captionTargetPageId="54" captionText="Fig. 27. Xiphentedon wieringai sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Gabon; RMNH). A, C, F. Head in dorsal (A) and frontal (C, F) views. B. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. D. Propodeum and petiole. E. Mesosoma, ventral view. The flange on the arc of the prosternum is arrowed in E–F." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127314/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 27F</figureCitation>
) ........................................................................... 18
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506C9AFB5AFA88FB34" blockId="15.[189,1398,1170,1232]" box="[193,1398,1205,1232]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506C9AFB5AFA88FB34" box="[193,1398,1205,1232]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
– Interantennal space with a narrow and sharp process (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506F3BFB59FC14FB34" box="[864,1002,1205,1231]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[189,232,1670,1696]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-75@45.[189,1399,265,1631]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 22. Xiphentedon danielssoni (Gumovsky, 1997) comb. nov. A–D. ♀, paratype (RSA; MZLU). E–F. ♀, from DRC (Mongbwalu; SIZK). A–B. Head and prothorax. A. Fronto-ventral view. B. Lateral view; pedicel and anelli in inset (B). C–D. Mesosoma.E. Habitus.F. Head in dorsal view.Abbreviations: epp = mesepisternal projection; lep = lower mesepimeron." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127302/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 22A, F</figureCitation>
) ............................................... 20
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF92AC506CE6FB1BFA89FA5B" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506CE6FB1BFA89FAA2" blockId="15.[189,1399,1271,1440]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506CE6FB1BFA89FAA2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
18. Hind and mid tibiae predominantly darkened, just their extreme tips pale (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC50683BFB1BFB31FAEA" box="[1120,1231,1271,1297]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1888,1914]" captionTargetBox="[300,1277,265,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-93@58.[300,1277,265,1850]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 29. Xiphentedon kivuensis sp. nov. A–F. ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus in lateral view. C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Head in dorsal view. E. Mesosoma in dorso-lateral view. F. Propodeum. G–H. ♂, paratype (DRC; MRAC). G. Habitus in lateral view. H. Posterior part of mesosoma. The axillula is arrowed in E and H, and shown in inset in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127318/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 29A</figureCitation>
); spur of hind tibia 1.2× as long as width of tibia; axillular projection with at least four teeth (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC5068D7FAF7FAE6FACE" box="[1164,1304,1307,1333]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="58.[189,232,1888,1914]" captionTargetBox="[300,1277,265,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-93@58.[300,1277,265,1850]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="Fig. 29. Xiphentedon kivuensis sp. nov. A–F. ♀, holotype (DRC; MRAC). A–B. Habitus in lateral view. C. Head and anterior part of mesosoma. D. Head in dorsal view. E. Mesosoma in dorso-lateral view. F. Propodeum. G–H. ♂, paratype (DRC; MRAC). G. Habitus in lateral view. H. Posterior part of mesosoma. The axillula is arrowed in E and H, and shown in inset in E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127318/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 29E, H</figureCitation>
) ......... ............................................................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC5068D9FAD3FAEAFAA2" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1154,1300,1342,1369]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kivuensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068D9FAD3FAEAFAA2" bold="true" box="[1154,1300,1342,1369]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068D9FAD3FB68FAA2" bold="true" box="[1154,1174,1343,1369]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068FFFAD2FAEAFAA2" bold="true" box="[1188,1300,1342,1369]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">kivuensis</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC506947FAD3FA89FAA2" box="[1308,1399,1343,1369]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506C9AFA8FFA89FA5B" blockId="15.[189,1399,1271,1440]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506C9AFA8FFA89FA5B" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
– Hind and mid tibiae dark on about their proximal halves, the rest pale (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC50686DFA8EFB35FA87" box="[1078,1227,1378,1404]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1891,1917]" captionTargetBox="[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-68@61.[262,1325,264,1849]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 30. Xiphentedon palabora sp. nov., ♀, holotype (RSA; SAMC). A–C. Habitus, in lateral (A), dorsolateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. D. Part of mesosoma, the axillula is arrowed. E. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma. F. Head in frontal view. G. Head and anterior part of mesosoma in fronto-lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127320" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127320/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 30A, C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506883FA8EFAF2FA87" box="[1240,1292,1378,1404]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="63.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,599,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-94@63.[189,1399,599,1883]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="Fig. 31. Xiphentedon sangha sp. nov., ♀, holotype (CAR; SAM-HYM-P067745). A–C. Habitus in dorsal view. D–E. Head in frontal (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Mesosoma, dorso-lateral view, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127322/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">31B</figureCitation>
); spur of hind tibia not longer than width of tibia; axillular projection bidentate ............ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC5068DAFA6AFAEBFA5B" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1153,1301,1414,1440]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wieringai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068DAFA6AFAEBFA5B" bold="true" box="[1153,1301,1414,1440]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X. wieringai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC506947FA6AFA89FA5B" box="[1308,1399,1414,1440]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF92AC506CE6FA24FA89F9FD" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506CE6FA24FA89FA19" blockId="15.[189,1399,1479,1542]" box="[189,1399,1479,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506CE6FA24FA89FA19" box="[189,1399,1479,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
19. Scape dark with pale base (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506E71FA2BFD6FFA19" box="[554,657,1479,1506]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="66.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,789,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-230@66.[189,1399,789,1894]" captionTargetPageId="66" captionText="Fig. 32. Xiphentedon nimba sp. nov., ♀, holotype (Guinea; MRAC). A. Habitus in dorsal view. B–C. Mesosoma in dorso-lateral (B, the axillla is arrowed) and dorsal (C) views. D–E. Head in dorsal (D) and frontal (E) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127324" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127324/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 32E</figureCitation>
) ...................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC5068FDFA24FAEBFA19" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1190,1301,1479,1506]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nimba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068FDFA24FAEBFA19" bold="true" box="[1190,1301,1479,1506]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X. nimba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC506947FA24FA89FA19" box="[1308,1399,1480,1506]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506C9AFA00FA89F9FD" blockId="15.[189,1399,1479,1542]" box="[193,1399,1515,1542]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506C9AFA00FA89F9FD" box="[193,1399,1515,1542]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
– Scape entirely pale (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506D81FA07FDBAF9FE" box="[474,580,1515,1541]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="63.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,599,1883]" captionTargetId="figure-94@63.[189,1399,599,1883]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="Fig. 31. Xiphentedon sangha sp. nov., ♀, holotype (CAR; SAM-HYM-P067745). A–C. Habitus in dorsal view. D–E. Head in frontal (D) and dorsal (E) views. F. Mesosoma, dorso-lateral view, the axillula is arrowed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127322" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127322/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 31D</figureCitation>
) .............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC5068C0FA07FAEBF9FD" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1179,1301,1515,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sangha" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068C0FA07FAEBF9FD" bold="true" box="[1179,1301,1515,1542]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X. sangha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC506947FA00FA89F9FD" box="[1308,1399,1516,1542]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30D84ED4FF92AC506CE6F9C1FA89F949" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506CE6F9C1FA89F990" blockId="15.[189,1399,1581,1714]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506CE6F9C1FA89F990" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
20. Head dorsally about 2.0 × as wide as long; dorsal interorbital distance about 1.5× median vertexal distance (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506D07F9BDFE3CF990" box="[348,450,1617,1643]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[189,232,1670,1696]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,265,1631]" captionTargetId="figure-75@45.[189,1399,265,1631]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 22. Xiphentedon danielssoni (Gumovsky, 1997) comb. nov. A–D. ♀, paratype (RSA; MZLU). E–F. ♀, from DRC (Mongbwalu; SIZK). A–B. Head and prothorax. A. Fronto-ventral view. B. Lateral view; pedicel and anelli in inset (B). C–D. Mesosoma.E. Habitus.F. Head in dorsal view.Abbreviations: epp = mesepisternal projection; lep = lower mesepimeron." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127302" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127302/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 22F</figureCitation>
) ...................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC506F3BF9BDFB13F990" authority="(Gumovsky, 1997)" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Gumovsky" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[864,1261,1616,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Entedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danielssoni" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC506F3BF9BDFBF5F990" bold="true" box="[864,1035,1616,1643]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC506F3BF9BDFC8AF990" bold="true" box="[864,884,1617,1643]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC506FD9F9BCFBF5F990" bold="true" box="[898,1035,1616,1643]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">danielssoni</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD2B80FF92AC506841F9BDFB1BF990" author="Gumovsky A. V." box="[1050,1253,1617,1643]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="24 - 36" refId="ref33022" refString="Gumovsky A. V. 1997. Review of the genus Entedon Dalman, 1820 (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae, Entedoninae). 1. Infrageneric division of the genus Entedon with description of a new subgenus from Africa. Vestnik Zoologii 31 (5 - 6): 24 - 36." type="journal article" year="1997">Gumovsky, 1997</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC5068AEF9BDFA89F990" box="[1269,1399,1617,1643]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B935671FF92AC506C9AF999FA89F949" blockId="15.[189,1399,1581,1714]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<keyLead id="30DDF544FF92AC506C9AF999FA89F949" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
– Head dorsally about 2.5× as wide as long; dorsal interorbital distance nearly 2.0× median vertexal distance (
<figureCitation id="13174AF4FF92AC506D00F974FE38F949" box="[347,454,1688,1714]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="48.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,265,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-65@48.[216,1372,265,1901]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="Fig. 24.Xiphentedon jeanyvesi sp.nov.A–B.♂,holotype (Tanzania; CBGP).C–H. ♀, paratype (Tanzania; CBGP). A, C. Habitus. B. Mesosoma. D (and insets A, C). Head in dorsal view. E, H. Propodeum. F. Posterior part of mesosoma; the axillula is arrowed. G. Axillula." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10127308" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10127308/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 24D</figureCitation>
) ............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="4C2C2DF2FF92AC5068DFF974FAEBF949" authority="Gumovsky, 2023" authorityName="Gumovsky" authorityYear="2023" box="[1156,1301,1688,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Xiphentedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jeanyvesi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068DFF974FAEBF949" bold="true" box="[1156,1301,1688,1714]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068DFF974FB66F949" bold="true" box="[1156,1176,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">X</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B9588A63FF92AC5068FDF974FAEBF949" bold="true" box="[1190,1301,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">jeanyvesi</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26B3718FF92AC506947F974FA89F949" box="[1308,1399,1688,1714]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>