529 lines
75 KiB
XML
529 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.102950" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2535-0730-2-195" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5603DEC1CC7F53E0BB3028EA9604ECF0" ID-ZooBank="FCC50241B78C4EDB8991B7410EBF186A" ModsDocID="2535-0730-7-2-195" checkinTime="1684314448394" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Koehler, Joern, Venegas, Pablo J., Castillo-Urbina, Ernesto, Glaw, Frank, Aguilar-Puntriano, Cesar & Vences, Miguel" docDate="2023" docId="733A27E3EB0656328E05BF304BA9D3F1" docLanguage="en" docName="EvolutSyst 7(2): 195-209" docOrigin="Evolutionary Systematics 7 (2)" docPubDate="2023-05-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.102950" docTitle="Chimerella mira Köhler & Venegas & Castillo-Urbina & Glaw & Aguilar-Puntriano & Vences 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="3CAA6F1E-9AE5-43FD-8CC5-7CDBEAD44A8B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="5603DEC1CC7F53E0BB3028EA9604ECF0" lastPageNumber="195" masterDocId="5603DEC1CC7F53E0BB3028EA9604ECF0" masterDocTitle="A third species of glassfrog in the genus Chimerella (Anura, Centrolenidae) from central Peru, discovered by an integrative taxonomic approach" masterLastPageNumber="209" masterPageNumber="195" pageNumber="195" updateTime="1684314448394" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="27C239244D0C58A9F3C47C6877B61F92">A third species of glassfrog in the genus Chimerella (Anura, Centrolenidae) from central Peru, discovered by an integrative taxonomic approach</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F1C14F28CD053FD83189453F2BFF32EA">Koehler, Joern</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F8576BE8BC555AF486D00026A70140AD">Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt (HLMD), Friedensplatz 1, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="16BF80AFDBE9A79F8EFD80E3412DEFBD" type="email">joern.koehler@hlmd.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9659A65C55031B9C5358C58C65DCE2B5">Venegas, Pablo J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8B16452E27C4FD5C053E30E7EF99E80A" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6501-4492</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F63600F638D4D549B3C2569FBF408C69">Rainforest Partnership, 4005 Guadalupe St., Austin, TX 78751, USA & Instituto Peruano de Herpetologia (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BF8CD392DEEB9247269F122890C106E8">Castillo-Urbina, Ernesto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="12F37976402EFE84A3D2F2A884614BB9">Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Museo de Historia Natural (MUSM), Departamento de Herpetologia, Av. Arenales 1256, Lima 11, Peru</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DD153378FFED17A958BA8DD5B08B6195">Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C63100E4D1BDA771E4C99DEE036A86B5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4072-8111</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="3959186404D8CC93CC1B2D65238DECEB">Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen (ZSM-SNSB), Muenchhausenstr. 21, 81247 Muenchen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BC94EF23EB3D07DC94B5702F7126E677">Aguilar-Puntriano, Cesar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="736BB2C284356B30106EE217E70277CD">Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Museo de Historia Natural (MUSM), Departamento de Herpetologia, Av. Arenales 1256, Lima 11, Peru</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="09E9F106F116D23921A01230825274E4">Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="09BB6F5C6D24A84D550A6C2483288B3F">Zoological Institute, Technische Universitaet Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="411AF988CB7B586F748AD69173C70320">Evolutionary Systematics</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="804BF0B3C61B07524F592D8605D5D37A">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A6357483E3F8531AB3BA7D5387AF2384">7</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="D087018E0DB9F8525F4D3D9EEF1769EA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="733A27E3EB0656328E05BF304BA9D3F1" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3CAA6F1E-9AE5-43FD-8CC5-7CDBEAD44A8B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/733A27E3EB0656328E05BF304BA9D3F1" lastPageNumber="195" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
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<subSubSection id="C7A03A1DCBC3DFD7099A91329F83F494" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9EB7F74FECA9A62B2CF4D450E9BDF412" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
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<taxonomicName id="C327256EE105453E167803EBC9514AAC" LSID="https://zoobank.org/3CAA6F1E-9AE5-43FD-8CC5-7CDBEAD44A8B" authority="Köhler & Venegas & Castillo-Urbina & Glaw & Aguilar-Puntriano & Vences, 2023" authorityName="Köhler & Venegas & Castillo-Urbina & Glaw & Aguilar-Puntriano & Vences" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella mira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira" status="sp. nov.">Chimerella mira</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="EC5FA0FAD5C0B25C0070541F375B6EFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="3AC470A58F98F50472A3546A817FAA31" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="F7DE4938EA230B249088F99068CDD295" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3188C70BEF75CD6779C47D418D7D8BB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
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<emphasis id="299B473BD659AAEC7416F13B3875719F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
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<emphasis id="5D1EA58392600511760304E68BC3A859" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Holotype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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MUSM 40278 (FGZC 6233), adult male (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="5892CB8818536052BE3FF391F43A943D" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chimerella mira sp. nov. from west of Tingo Maria in life: male holotype (MUSM 40278, FGZC 6233) in a frontal, b dorsolateral, and c ventral views; male paratype (MUSM 40264, FGZC 6215) in d lateral and e ventral views." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851243" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">3a-c</figureCitation>
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), from a point approximately 16 km airline west of Tingo Maria (
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<geoCoordinate id="87BF1790225E4E15FCB5CE9D6B97EAB2" degrees="09" direction="south" minutes="18.09" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-9.3015">09°18.09'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="F732A443A2249B448853ED2E477F3653" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="08.71" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-76.145164">76°08.71'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 798 m above sea level), close to the settlement "Corvina Colorada", at the bank of the
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<normalizedToken id="DB2DBB900133E4C8EA9012079DD72FA9" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Patay Rondos, Provincia Leoncio Prado, Departamento
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<normalizedToken id="9FC45083CA18741DD05CFFBC7EAB12B4" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
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, Peru, collected on 6 November 2019 by Ernesto Castillo-Urbina, Frank Glaw and
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<normalizedToken id="7828924FC06B552B9ADCA1A09B69D14D" originalValue="Jörn">Joern</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="A3AE6622BFAB395EC151E8C9F7934AB3" originalValue="Köhler">Koehler</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="8802679CA020D8B230C3A92BC70FE5F3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851243" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph id="99C95D1A996F15B619A7A6430C3CD38E" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
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<emphasis id="AE2D5CB71FB311608AE534715A7460CB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="D3B54B09C47FC003F78F91D9D3079912" authorityName="Köhler & Venegas & Castillo-Urbina & Glaw & Aguilar-Puntriano & Vences" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella mira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira">
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<emphasis id="A77C4D6C6B9C5E549902F1B09DC7248B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella mira</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. from west of Tingo Maria in life: male holotype (MUSM 40278, FGZC 6233) in
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<emphasis id="061997BCBEEB949631BD7BAA867477C6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">a</emphasis>
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frontal,
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<emphasis id="81B295F4C63A78F0F09E3CCB7D9BB1B6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">b</emphasis>
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dorsolateral, and
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<emphasis id="4E5F971FA5CD6FEDCAA01CE3BFCB2F14" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">c</emphasis>
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ventral views; male paratype (MUSM 40264, FGZC 6215) in
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<emphasis id="447AE507932620DCF07888006B951EA3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">d</emphasis>
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lateral and
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<emphasis id="AFD1E49A6FBEF861908E57B939860FFE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">e</emphasis>
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ventral views.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="36B3F7564225A4CC90C3E14909741FC4" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
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||
<emphasis id="F64677EAE43BB9153B9A84EFC70277DF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
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<emphasis id="0B9B3F621E748100F3B16F1D31CAF6A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Paratype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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MUSM 40264 (FGZC 6215), adult male (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="91FCB860BB49035DA5C4181B5D16A5D9" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chimerella mira sp. nov. from west of Tingo Maria in life: male holotype (MUSM 40278, FGZC 6233) in a frontal, b dorsolateral, and c ventral views; male paratype (MUSM 40264, FGZC 6215) in d lateral and e ventral views." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851243" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">3</figureCitation>
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), same data as holotype, but collected on 5 November 2019.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D867E647994B2979BEC4331AAA1408CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="3145EE5B65760530E0A229D796E22F26" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="48B3A13172B639346DE3F65BFBFBE801" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
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The specific epithet is a Latin adjective (feminine form) meaning
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<normalizedToken id="EEFB3E4C26551EB7CA944E1C2E47084C" originalValue="‘surprising’">'surprising'</normalizedToken>
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. It refers to the fact that this species surprisingly turned out to be undescribed, after at first impression in the field having been tentatively identified as
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<taxonomicName id="1E5311940FE533D3D2FC28C65F462F25" lsidName="C. corleone" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="corleone">
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<emphasis id="5F073AFD16CB9978491F286E38C16788" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. corleone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E1535AC8AEF78509A0400BA381AFD50A" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="definition">
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<paragraph id="A5E94ACB1001560F930F45D1786C5468" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Definition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="74B26D417F4D44529C23BECEE5558474" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
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A species in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="C307C050E45FABF14A2A7AF0F39DE570" authorityName="Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzaguena, Rada & Vila" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="6B4620C420203466F11DEA6B8BE38F0D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, based on molecular relationships and shared morphological traits, characterized by the following combination of characters: (1) dentigerous processes of vomer and vomerine teeth absent; (2) snout truncate in dorsal view, truncate in lateral profile; canthus rostralis straight in dorsal view, rounded in cross-section; nostrils flush with surrounding skin; (3) tympanum and tympanic annulus evident, round, its diameter about 25% of eye diameter; supratympanic fold weakly defined, not concealing upper tympanum; (4) dorsal skin finely shagreened, with few minute scattered dorsal tubercles; skin on venter and ventral surfaces of thighs granular; (5) a pair of enlarged subcloacal warts; (6) ventral parietal peritoneum transparent (condition P0 sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="06AA6609CD675CA3B2C02F48AAE5AA2F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1572.1.1" author="Cisneros-Heredia, DF" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B9" refString="Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, 2007. Revision of the characters of Centrolenidae (Amphibia: Anura: Athesphatanura), with comments on its taxonomy and the description of new taxa of glassfrogs. Zootaxa 1572: 1 - 82, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1572.1.1" title="Revision of the characters of Centrolenidae (Amphibia: Anura: Athesphatanura), with comments on its taxonomy and the description of new taxa of glassfrogs." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1572.1.1" volume="1572" year="2007">Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); iridophores in pericardium and peritonea covering digestive tract; kidneys and urinary bladder lacking iridophores (condition V5); (7) liver with two broadly rounded right/left lobes, not forming free flaps, covered by iridophores (condition H1); (8) humeral spine and single subgular vocal sac present in adult males; (9) webbing absent between fingers I and II, basal webbing between fingers II and III; webbing formula II2--3-III2+-2+IV; (10) webbing between toes extensive; webbing formula I1+-2+II1+-2.5III1+-3-IV3--1+V; (11) enamelled fringe present on postaxial edge of finger IV; ulnar fold diffuse; tarsal fold absent; enlarged tubercles on ventrolateral edges of arm and tarsus absent; (12) concealed prepollex, not enlarged, prepollical spine not projecting; nuptial pad absent, but diffuse nuptial excrescence formed by glandular clusters (Type V); (13) finger I slightly longer than finger II; (14) diameter of eye three times wider than width of disc on finger III; (15) in life, dorsum yellow-green with small round scattered pale-yellowish flecks; venter transparent white; bones green; (16) in preservative, dorsum lavender with small scattered round cream flecks; dorsal surfaces of limbs yellowish cream, with scattered melanophores; ventral surfaces yellowish cream; (17) in life, iris silvery white with fine black spotting, and a dark brown median streak formed by fine spots; circumpupillary ring absent; (18) dorsal surfaces of fingers and toes lacking melanophores, except for toes IV and V; (19) males call from the upper surface of leaves; calls consist of 2-3 high-pitched pulsed notes (
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7D2A567C464E194FA3AF71DA92B28829" originalValue="‘Trii’">'Trii'</normalizedToken>
|
||
calls sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DF4080958D93275A98EB2FA1BD7368A9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" author="Duarte-Marin, S" journalOrPublisher="Bioacoustics" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="143 - 180" refId="B11" refString="Duarte-Marin, S, Rada, M, Rivera-Correa, M, Caorsi, V, Barona, E, Gonzalez-Duran, G, Vargas-Salinas, F, 2022. Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae. Bioacoustics 32 (2): 143 - 180, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" title="Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" volume="32" year="2022">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B2F2BEBAAB5C3621F902A07D6F1D32F2" originalValue="Duarte-Marín">Duarte-Marin</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), 42-85 ms note duration, 160-239 ms inter-note interval duration within calls; dominant frequency 5543-6135 Hz; (20) fighting behavior unknown (but probably present in males; see below); (21) egg clutches unknown; (22) tadpoles unknown; (23) minute body size (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4AF2132E44DE7DBECFBBE5C636EBF51D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" author="Guayasamin, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" refId="B16" refString="Guayasamin, JM, Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, Pena, O, Hutter, CR, 2020. Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12(6): e222. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" title="Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12 (6): e 222." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" year="2020">Guayasamin et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), SVL in adult males 18.1-19.6 mm (n = 2); females unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F92874716D2D4B037938090E30CD4C8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="58817EC15C20BEC27EA7FD5733314A4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0263261985E4931020B47E2625452C79" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
The new species is morphologically most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="584D277149892C54ACA020DD9058D3A0" lsidName="C. corleone" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="corleone">
|
||
<emphasis id="8E620FDB82011ACDD923D2B9939EFD0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. corleone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, it differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5B485AA0FE54EE7AE0FD5EA9560AE5FE" lsidName="C. corleone" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="corleone">
|
||
<emphasis id="97FAEE7DE473B46AA85FA17EF1759308" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. corleone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by fine dark spots in the iris in life (versus dark reticulation; Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="03939ABABC63A5F658B72DD4A4E832FE" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Chimerella corleone in life: a dorsolateral view of amplectant couple from the type locality photographed at night (note the striking dark reticulation of the iris); b dorsolateral and c ventral views of the male holotype (CORBIDI 10467). Courtesy of J. Delia and E. Twomey." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851244" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="A9BCC66F91C611250D5802B9778DE247" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Comparison of eye colouration in life: a male holotype (MUSM 40278) and b male paratype (MUSM 40264) of Chimerella mira sp. nov.; c male holotype (CORBIDI 10467) and d female paratype (CORBIDI 10465) of Chimerella corleone (courtesy of J. Delia and E. Twomey). Note the fine dark spotting versus dark reticulation in the iris." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851245" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">5</figureCitation>
|
||
), a truncate snout in lateral profile (versus slightly rounded; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="5ED7961F1C16C800155D0B18BBA27268" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 6. Lateral views of heads of preserved holotypes of a Chimerella mira sp. nov. (MUSM 40278) and b Chimerella corleone (CORBIDI 10467; courtesy of E. Twomey). Orange lines indicate outline of snout shape in lateral profile. Not to scale." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851246" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">6</figureCitation>
|
||
), tarsal fold absent (versus present as a line of low white warts on the lateral edge of tarsus), greyish-lavender dorsal colour in preservative (versus greyish-green), a dispersed network of melanophores on dorsal surfaces resulting in a light yellow-green colour in life (versus a very dense network of melanophores on dorsal surfaces, resulting in dark green life colouration; Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEBB88A579717D1F0818978EE2AB608C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chimerella mira sp. nov. from west of Tingo Maria in life: male holotype (MUSM 40278, FGZC 6233) in a frontal, b dorsolateral, and c ventral views; male paratype (MUSM 40264, FGZC 6215) in d lateral and e ventral views." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851243" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="8F123C8D4EF5C7056332D37B8939512E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Chimerella corleone in life: a dorsolateral view of amplectant couple from the type locality photographed at night (note the striking dark reticulation of the iris); b dorsolateral and c ventral views of the male holotype (CORBIDI 10467). Courtesy of J. Delia and E. Twomey." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851244" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">4</figureCitation>
|
||
), a call consisting of pulsed
|
||
<normalizedToken id="681E8B6AA48512E361D86667741370F8" originalValue="‘Trii’">'Trii'</normalizedToken>
|
||
notes (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="82DA0D7A20EC7CAA45632C78BEDD926E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" author="Duarte-Marin, S" journalOrPublisher="Bioacoustics" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="143 - 180" refId="B11" refString="Duarte-Marin, S, Rada, M, Rivera-Correa, M, Caorsi, V, Barona, E, Gonzalez-Duran, G, Vargas-Salinas, F, 2022. Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae. Bioacoustics 32 (2): 143 - 180, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" title="Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" volume="32" year="2022">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F4FC38F27091D8AC73C1580F506E4862" originalValue="Duarte-Marín">Duarte-Marin</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with 42-85 ms duration (versus simple
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0A93D1D0890361A9801378A5FA576CD2" originalValue="‘Tic’">'Tic'</normalizedToken>
|
||
notes of 10-15 ms duration), and substantial differentiation in certain molecular markers. The new species mainly differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F739D6D28FC947FD4596BD348466AF50" lsidName="C. mariaelenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mariaelenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="CF68F9CD3C7E00D5132D30A2602CF741" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mariaelenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a yellow-green dorsum with small round scattered yellowish flecks (versus green dorsum with black flecks and punctuation; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4CD7F546C5F1CDDFEE9132F0EC210D7A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 7. Amplectant couple of Chimerella mariaelenae from the Cordillera de Kampankis, 1100 m a. s. l., Departamento Amazonas, Peru, in life." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851247" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">7</figureCitation>
|
||
), greyish-lavender dorsum with small round cream flecks in preservative (versus pale lavender with dark lavender flecks), silvery white iris in life (versus orange to reddish iris), an advertisement call consisting of pulsed
|
||
<normalizedToken id="85C1AE32CA517423D3553556687FAEEA" originalValue="‘Trii’">'Trii'</normalizedToken>
|
||
notes with 42-85 ms duration (versus simple
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9697B462A3242799CB91BFA45A1D4881" originalValue="‘Tic’">'Tic'</normalizedToken>
|
||
notes of 4-7 ms duration;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C0149F2F18866E87365EE36F5090059C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" author="Guayasamin, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" refId="B16" refString="Guayasamin, JM, Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, Pena, O, Hutter, CR, 2020. Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12(6): e222. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" title="Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12 (6): e 222." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" year="2020">Guayasamin et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and substantial differentiation in certain molecular markers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="4725C81787A2841A13F4528BEF25C0C9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851244" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph id="BFAA9A697CAFDED23D57185DAAA29FA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis id="82B2FC7AD3EC8D9A4A5B969405F3D02C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="087611699988F2F142246097607E3481" authorityName="Twomey, Delia & Castroviejo-Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella corleone" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corleone">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B58F91033FA8EEBD425FFEF41E778FB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella corleone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in life:
|
||
<emphasis id="FF5A33960002BC33D2B21015E65DC2F3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">a</emphasis>
|
||
dorsolateral view of amplectant couple from the type locality photographed at night (note the striking dark reticulation of the iris);
|
||
<emphasis id="8D3E3C8DBA38A49CF74FC2FE87D8B45E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">b</emphasis>
|
||
dorsolateral and
|
||
<emphasis id="D35E42C9BF9221E5D3FEE172B12B9D70" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">c</emphasis>
|
||
ventral views of the male holotype (CORBIDI 10467). Courtesy of J. Delia and E. Twomey.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="074B1343FB267329F0195DA78AE56205" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851245" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8D413882F0A0A8761164C4F4FAF7CDBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis id="B1EB88BFECC8D36CDCCE997CAB6FFA20" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparison of eye colouration in life:
|
||
<emphasis id="16B5A6AE2050060597BE6C6CF2B3340E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">a</emphasis>
|
||
male holotype (MUSM 40278) and
|
||
<emphasis id="237E90D8A8490AD2CB3024015BA9AE81" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">b</emphasis>
|
||
male paratype (MUSM 40264) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7A90792305B174FC9437CAA6CA06C394" authorityName="Köhler & Venegas & Castillo-Urbina & Glaw & Aguilar-Puntriano & Vences" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella mira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira">
|
||
<emphasis id="68D9408D44CCA835E9F80484143B63B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella mira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.;
|
||
<emphasis id="FEC5676C3A5C6E4297AA395004AC577E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">c</emphasis>
|
||
male holotype (CORBIDI 10467) and
|
||
<emphasis id="CF4066F2F8417608483674AE8B6E42B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">d</emphasis>
|
||
female paratype (CORBIDI 10465) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8AA4DB3631431D5EA0B8C70E6739068B" authorityName="Twomey, Delia & Castroviejo-Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella corleone" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corleone">
|
||
<emphasis id="1FD71AABD2BA3D5086E8A06BE6021430" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella corleone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(courtesy of J. Delia and E. Twomey). Note the fine dark spotting versus dark reticulation in the iris.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="16E553E63C4CFC593F5077CE21AB4569" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851246" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" start="Figure 6" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph id="87A87948FB5E8752721373DDCB1607FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis id="3EBFF7D60EF0A9E48D248A6995BFAE7C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral views of heads of preserved holotypes of
|
||
<emphasis id="FB3F03EECF3D7302CDFEEAE0BC7CD528" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">a</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B975B1CDACD2CC261D2637D3AB77A686" authorityName="Köhler & Venegas & Castillo-Urbina & Glaw & Aguilar-Puntriano & Vences" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella mira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira">
|
||
<emphasis id="9C0294A258D6845CC3A34042A9FCB99D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella mira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (MUSM 40278) and
|
||
<emphasis id="F71B7C118CF5F044C0D5F32AFACFE433" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">b</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B0A95273B88C1F8E28E33D8F16345A" authorityName="Twomey, Delia & Castroviejo-Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella corleone" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corleone">
|
||
<emphasis id="56F7BE65D6045156CEC93D98447E6341" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella corleone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CORBIDI 10467; courtesy of E. Twomey). Orange lines indicate outline of snout shape in lateral profile. Not to scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="FBA2FEC878105E9144C3A9936C1CB1DD" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851247" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" start="Figure 7" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph id="99429AC79AA71618116960D4753DC629" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis id="1E2E7BD1367595987331E6CF4D245BCE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Amplectant couple of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6C4ED0464FD34D59DC98AF25B54BDC3" baseAuthorityName="Cisneros-Heredia & McDiarmid" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella mariaelenae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mariaelenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3C13165D5C26AB1F0FFFF5B5E6E4BDD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella mariaelenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Cordillera de Kampankis, 1100 m a.s.l., Departamento Amazonas, Peru, in life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E26C6B0D0661D1B3F29605FC6219F0CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0ED21E6F5BB11BDA003F487C0313F849" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F261E9FD9295588BAEA9FD8FC257C16F" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Adult male, SVL 19.6 mm, in good state of preservation (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="61980861459F5EBE150E775C0676EB0F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Preserved male holotype of Chimerella mira sp. nov. (MUSM 40278, FGZC 6233) in a dorsal and b ventral views." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851248" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">8</figureCitation>
|
||
). HW about 1/5 wider than body; HW 29% of SVL; HW 1.15 times HL. Snout truncate in dorsal view, truncate in lateral profile (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DD46557035E02450177C892DDB012269" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 6. Lateral views of heads of preserved holotypes of a Chimerella mira sp. nov. (MUSM 40278) and b Chimerella corleone (CORBIDI 10467; courtesy of E. Twomey). Orange lines indicate outline of snout shape in lateral profile. Not to scale." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851246" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">6a</figureCitation>
|
||
); END/ED 0.65; END/IOD 0.55. Loreal region concave, nostrils flush with surrounding skin, round; internarial region concave anterodorsally; canthus rostralis well defined, straight in dorsal view, rounded in cross-section. Eyes directed anterolaterally, angled 51° relative to midline of body (where anteriorly facing eyes would be 90° relative to midline); ED 3.0 times wider than width of disc on finger III; ED 41% of HL and 100% of IOD. Tympanum noticeable with tympanic annulus visible, more evidently ventrally than dorsally, annulus and membrane coloured as dorsum; supratympanic fold weakly defined leaving entire tympanum visible, tympanum round with slight dorsal inclination. Dentigerous processes on vomers absent; dentigerous process on premaxillae and maxillae present; choanae large, circular, separated more widely than nostrils; tongue removed for tissue sample; vocal slits present, wide, oblique and lateral to the tongue. Forelimbs moderately robust, with forearm flattened and roughly 1.4 times as wide as arm; ulnar fold present, low diffuse, white; tubercles on ventrolateral edge of arm absent; humeral spine externally visible as an elongated bump, slightly less defined in preservative than in life. Relative length of fingers: II <I <IV <III; finger discs distinctly expanded, those on fingers I and II rounded, on fingers III and IV slightly truncate, larger than toe discs; width of disc on finger III 32% of ED; webbing absent between fingers I and II, basal webbing between fingers II and III, webbing formula II2--3-III2+-2+IV. Prepollex concealed; subarticular tubercles round, evident; supernumerary tubercles absent, palmar tubercle round and small, thenar tubercle barely distinct, minute, ovoid; nuptial pads absent, but diffuse nuptial excrescence formed by glandular clusters (Type V sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B092AF553BDC9F2F5ABFB904E03086D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" author="Guayasamin, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" refId="B16" refString="Guayasamin, JM, Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, Pena, O, Hutter, CR, 2020. Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12(6): e222. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" title="Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12 (6): e 222." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" year="2020">Guayasamin et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Hind limbs slender, TL 51% of SVL; tarsal fold absent; tubercles on ventrolateral edge of tarsus absent. Relative length of toes: I <II <III <V <IV; toe discs slightly expanded, round; inner metatarsal tubercle narrow, elongated, ovoid, slightly protruding; outer metatarsal tubercle not visible. Webbing formula of feet: I1+-2+II1+-2.5III1+-3-IV3--1+V. Dorsal skin finely shagreened, with few small scattered cream coloured tubercles on dorsum and dorsal surfaces of limbs; skin on venter and ventral sides of thighs granular, skin on throat smooth; cloacal opening at level of upper thighs, concealed by faint superior dermal fold; a pair of round, low, unpigmented subcloacal warts present on ventral side; crenulated flaps absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="09BFA1FD61B80C51CC7CAD0B4D50A88D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851248" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph id="725DFCF36C5314099D83E0C4CA4C7D07" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis id="38D47466AF5C627A786FFAE3A6A5597D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Preserved male holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8C4DCBAAC07A4E574BD7C6C4BF4377A0" authorityName="Köhler & Venegas & Castillo-Urbina & Glaw & Aguilar-Puntriano & Vences" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella mira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira">
|
||
<emphasis id="35A6816DFF58040FCD732F56E670131A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella mira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (MUSM 40278, FGZC 6233) in
|
||
<emphasis id="D4DE74EBD9E003E5507A8C69BFF28637" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">a</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal and
|
||
<emphasis id="A0D089A588A322038106684BB5B3462E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">b</emphasis>
|
||
ventral views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="893BE55233CC3542DF9D1D7B27C7CB8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Measurements (in mm). SVL 19.6, HL 5.8, HW 6.7, TD 0.7, IND 1.5, IOD 2.7, ED 2.7, EW 1.2, END 1.5, HaL 5.4, TL 9.9, THL 10.8, FL 7.9.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8115820239A49078C19D66318F2CB5DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
In life (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DB3ABF0E50C11F92AD1DEE54A4FB586C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chimerella mira sp. nov. from west of Tingo Maria in life: male holotype (MUSM 40278, FGZC 6233) in a frontal, b dorsolateral, and c ventral views; male paratype (MUSM 40264, FGZC 6215) in d lateral and e ventral views." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851243" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">3</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal surfaces translucent yellow-green, with small, round, widely scattered yellowish cream flecks on dorsum and dorsal surfaces of thighs; dorsal surfaces of hands and feet yellow-green; dorsal surfaces of finger and toe discs orange-yellow; area around nostrils, dorsal surfaces of arms and thighs dusted with minute dark melanophores; upper lip with a narrow tan line anteriorly that vanishes posteriorly; venter transparent, whitish; throat transparent with a turquoise tint; ventral surfaces of limbs lemon green; ventral surfaces of finger and toe discs orange-yellow; greyish-white diffuse line along lateral edge of proximal ulna; diffuse white spots in cloacal area; subcloacal wart ornamentation transparent; parietal peritoneum transparent; pericardium, hepatic peritonea and visceral peritonea white, urinary bladder transparent; iris silvery white with fine black spotting, median brown streak formed by densely spaced fine spots, circumpupillary ring absent, posterior iris periphery white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="143A6B34B73965D4C8B16283395502B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
After three years in preservative, dorsum greyish-lavender with scattered small cream flecks; dorsal surfaces of limbs yellowish cream with minute scattered melanophores; dorsal surfaces of hand and fingers yellowish cream; dorsal surfaces of feet and toes yellowish cream, with scattered melanophores extending on dorsal surfaces of toes IV and V; posterior surfaces of thighs yellowish cream; venter and ventral surfaces of arms and legs yellowish cream, throat cream (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="38FA9522341AE3031A48AAE92CE60E8F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Preserved male holotype of Chimerella mira sp. nov. (MUSM 40278, FGZC 6233) in a dorsal and b ventral views." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851248" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0E13422B23912093DCA65CC9A1F3A4FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="FCF19357A962EA3DE82C19F9515951DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9528110430A37FAB48F089B76EEE2B64" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Overall, the male paratype MUSM 40264 is rather similar to the holotype. In life, it had a slightly paler green dorsal colouration, with fewer and less distinct minute yellowish flecks on dorsum. The throat lacked the turquoise tint and the brown median streak in the iris was less distinctly expressed when compared to the holotype (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="217BCDBD92E0DF03A15ED290B0218A1F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Chimerella mira sp. nov. from west of Tingo Maria in life: male holotype (MUSM 40278, FGZC 6233) in a frontal, b dorsolateral, and c ventral views; male paratype (MUSM 40264, FGZC 6215) in d lateral and e ventral views." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851243" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Measurements (in mm) of the paratype are as follows: SVL 18.1, HL 5.5, HW 6.7, TD 0.6, IND 1.7, IOD 2.4, ED 2.4, EW 1.3, END 1.4, HaL 5.2, TL 10.7, THL 10.7, FL 7.6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="698FD1119C0FA28AE5CE014DD6D40B3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
The male paratype was dissected for inspection of internal organs which appear as follows: liver with two broadly rounded right/left lobes sagittally divided, not forming free flaps, completely covered in iridophores (white), corresponding to state H1 sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3A42C37A240C4DBA52E2950C99C9DDF0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1572.1.1" author="Cisneros-Heredia, DF" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B9" refString="Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, 2007. Revision of the characters of Centrolenidae (Amphibia: Anura: Athesphatanura), with comments on its taxonomy and the description of new taxa of glassfrogs. Zootaxa 1572: 1 - 82, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1572.1.1" title="Revision of the characters of Centrolenidae (Amphibia: Anura: Athesphatanura), with comments on its taxonomy and the description of new taxa of glassfrogs." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1572.1.1" volume="1572" year="2007">Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Gall bladder, pericardium, liver and gastrointestinal peritoneum covered in iridophores (white). Kidneys and urinal bladder are tan in colour and thus not covered by iridophores. Testes ovoid and partially covered in a white iridophore reticulum. Distribution of iridophores in visceral peritonea falls into state V5 sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B81E24ADA16F50653D917D05E3172A6A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1572.1.1" author="Cisneros-Heredia, DF" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B9" refString="Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, 2007. Revision of the characters of Centrolenidae (Amphibia: Anura: Athesphatanura), with comments on its taxonomy and the description of new taxa of glassfrogs. Zootaxa 1572: 1 - 82, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1572.1.1" title="Revision of the characters of Centrolenidae (Amphibia: Anura: Athesphatanura), with comments on its taxonomy and the description of new taxa of glassfrogs." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1572.1.1" volume="1572" year="2007">Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D0726DDCED0078D6811E30A6248CB7C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="56EA61CAE82007FEDC802EF7F0F0D3BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Natural history, distribution, and threat status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7ECB74ADDBD71D2785E41E7F207BE612" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Both males were collected at the stream bank of the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A68CD99D07E4BAB2FFC8AD8E537D9885" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Patay Rondos, a medium-sized tributary of the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="616B431FA2EC5B40FFF62A6624217FD3" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Monzon, which itself is part of the Huallaga river system. The habitat consisted of a swampy area, apparently temporarily flooded by the river, with small lentic waterbodies, emerging shrub vegetation and younger trees (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="6821A64AB17BB8BD984CFB1086090724" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Type locality and habitat of Chimerella mira sp. nov. on the bank of the Rio Patay Rondos, a tributary of the Rio Monzon: a view to the east along the river bed. The yellow arrow indicates the area where both reported specimens were collected; b night view of the swampy habitat at the edge of the river showing shrub vegetation from which males were calling." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851249" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Shortly after dusk, male individuals were sitting on upper surfaces of leaves approximately 0.5 to 2.5 m above the ground while calling during light rainfall. Some fine transverse scratches were visible on the anterior dorsum of the paratype MUSM 40264, arguing for the occurrence of male-male fighting behaviour (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A8060C999022810C48E3B36A1D767BD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.792961" author="Hutter, CR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="3011 - 3032" refId="B18" refString="Hutter, CR, Esobar-Lasso, S, Rojas-Morales, JA, Gutierrez-Cardenas, PDA, Imba, H, Guayasamin, JM, 2013b. The territoriality, vocalizations and aggressive interactions of the red-spotted glassfrog, Nymphargus grandisonae Cochran and Goin, 1970 (Anura: Centrolenidae). Journal of Natural History 47: 3011 - 3032, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.792961" title="The territoriality, vocalizations and aggressive interactions of the red-spotted glassfrog, Nymphargus grandisonae Cochran and Goin, 1970 (Anura: Centrolenidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.792961" volume="47" year="2013 b">Hutter et al. 2013b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Egg clutches and larvae are unknown. Anuran species found in sympatry were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F5EAE5FDE393A096613547F816A03574" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Boana" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boana lanciformis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lanciformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A032EF194C87463DDC149B3FCDCC5685" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Boana lanciformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="940EC79F1FB099A89134B0408AEEE5CF" baseAuthorityName="Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1981" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptodactylus griseigularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseigularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="763D827B7C7B30A723853C0CD49A373A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Leptodactylus griseigularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5519A3425D2B413318945EB7C5335525" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Adenomera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adenomera" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E5C16C3AA54A2C10822AAEE8D287AC6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Adenomera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. The glassfrog
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E170EC8297033B20A976212FC400B040" authorityName="Castroviejo-Fisher, Padial, Chaparro, Aguayo-Vedia & De la Riva" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hyalinobatrachium carlesvilai" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carlesvilai">
|
||
<emphasis id="3C7135A4C4C863A607A24DED94A2FA6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Hyalinobatrachium carlesvilai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurred at nearby sites within a few hundred metres distance. So far, the species is only known from the type locality at an elevation of 798 m, but might be more widespread in the Huallaga River basin at similar elevations. Because population size, actual range, and thus potential threats are unknown, we propose the IUCN Red List status 'Data
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ED10009B656FDB4F30803101CB071F2D" originalValue="Deficient’">Deficient'</normalizedToken>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="610FCD6D8A26E3B7E3AC39460B0199CE" lsidName="C. mira" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mira">
|
||
<emphasis id="0CA91B4BCAC10DCFFEF66D05F8A6ABEC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0DEF921DBA4272D5143859AFB15612B0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219437" author="Scherz, MD" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" refId="B34" refString="Scherz, MD, Glaw, F, Hutter, CR, Bletz, MC, Rakotoarison, A, Koehler, J, Vences, M, 2019. Species complexes and the importance of Data Deficient classification in Red List assessments: The case of Hylobatrachus frogs. PLoS ONE 14(8): e0219437. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219437" title="Species complexes and the importance of Data Deficient classification in Red List assessments: The case of Hylobatrachus frogs. PLoS ONE 14 (8): e 0219437." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219437" year="2019">Scherz et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="99549BE74D168D48C28196172C26EE67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851249" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph id="15946E1B02486D4CAF9C80C6925B9FC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis id="53DC17DBBF439F7A038534FCD42C8E94" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Type locality and habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="323FBEC04DC1F855C15DCFB55E00C3CE" authorityName="Köhler & Venegas & Castillo-Urbina & Glaw & Aguilar-Puntriano & Vences" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella mira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira">
|
||
<emphasis id="F55ECAEBEA53E00D9E03C8E9D1D04006" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella mira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. on the bank of the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="65C536D1129C5A0F69A9E3BA8EA95511" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Patay Rondos, a tributary of the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A11BEE0D52B0C89301BD4CC17DE76DC5" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Monzon:
|
||
<emphasis id="FFF69FD0DC8480B93C10342BEB1102CF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">a</emphasis>
|
||
view to the east along the river bed. The yellow arrow indicates the area where both reported specimens were collected;
|
||
<emphasis id="CAB1ADBA2251EEA1E80638B2084AA72E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">b</emphasis>
|
||
night view of the swampy habitat at the edge of the river showing shrub vegetation from which males were calling.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C8592823930C34F5D904930AA5E190A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="advertisement call">
|
||
<paragraph id="89A72777E9FE28ED548B2618D568848D" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Advertisement call.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C477CA03D35AA52CACA95A535EFE3EBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Calls were emitted at somewhat irregular intervals and occurred in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="25B6361362C75A48E3D20E2EDEBD309C" originalValue="‘waves’">'waves'</normalizedToken>
|
||
with several males calling nearly synchronously. The advertisement calls recorded on 5 November 2019 at the type locality (estimated air temperature ca. 25 °C; recording distance approximately 1.5 m) consist of 2 to 3 high-pitched, pulsed notes of short duration (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4608859DD6D04CC05866F62BAC4CC82D" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Audiospectrograms and corresponding oscillograms of calls of Chimerella: a Chimerella mira sp. nov. (call voucher MUSM 40264) from west of Tingo Maria, Departamento Huanuco, Peru. Below an expanded oscillogram depicting the first note of the call; b Chimerella corleone from the type locality, Departamento San Martin, Peru. Below an expanded oscillogram depicting the first note of the call. Both recordings high-pass filtered at 1000 Hz." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851250" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">10a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Notes exhibit considerable amplitude modulation, with maximum call energy present at the beginning of the note, continuously decreasing towards its end. Pulse structure is rather irregular within notes, with pulses being partly fused and of differing amplitude. As a consequence, the total number of pulses per note is not reliably countable, but in most cases 3 to 4 distinctly separated pulses are evident at the beginning of each note, followed by about 10-12 less distinctly separated pulses. We observed pulse rate within notes to range approximately around 200 pulses/second. Other numerical parameters of 12 analysed calls from 4 individuals are as follows: number of notes per call 2-3 (2.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AFE7EF1631F5874E00D90051EC7CD176" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0.5); call duration 322-707 ms (552.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="32536C4EA6BC3F64B62C7F1EBF389463" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
141.8 ms); note duration 42-85 ms (64.6
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E51BFE59F98F08F0A57D78E5CA1A9D42" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
11.7 ms); inter-note interval within calls 160-239 ms (197.0
|
||
<normalizedToken id="52AC8F7039ED017884EDB77D76E794E3" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
26.4 ms); call repetition rate approximately 1.5-1.9 calls/minute; dominant frequency 5543-6135 Hz (5897
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5A7AEBD05F143F3ECB40116B2446BB71" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
148 Hz); prevalent bandwidth 4500-7500 Hz, with weak call energy present up to 21 kHz. Among the notes within a call, dominant frequency is highest in the first note and slightly decreases in subsequent notes. The character of this call would qualify as a
|
||
<normalizedToken id="135188E1B86BA5D3E15FAC9D338B761F" originalValue="‘Trii’">'Trii'</normalizedToken>
|
||
call according to the definition of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="80EFD232DB36A1D85D08E06DBDABF1C2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" author="Duarte-Marin, S" journalOrPublisher="Bioacoustics" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="143 - 180" refId="B11" refString="Duarte-Marin, S, Rada, M, Rivera-Correa, M, Caorsi, V, Barona, E, Gonzalez-Duran, G, Vargas-Salinas, F, 2022. Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae. Bioacoustics 32 (2): 143 - 180, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" title="Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" volume="32" year="2022">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="50139DE82D10D9D2AFB540BEE211645C" originalValue="Duarte-Marín">Duarte-Marin</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2022)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="FA3968ABE5B642E6E727219F00720CA3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851250" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph id="4C38A0810924F0E0590BE32423E79C54" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
<emphasis id="66FBBC4CB9D54465DCC5D88EBD13A8A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Audiospectrograms and corresponding oscillograms of calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0ADE229F0B8595B153BF36C67B483D17" authorityName="Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzaguena, Rada & Vila" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FF4B304ABDB7CFD61CA72B73835721AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="68F0B304055EB7C26995B57C49F85D83" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">a</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E5D2A315FC45A6EC2C872E3AC3B21EE8" authorityName="Köhler & Venegas & Castillo-Urbina & Glaw & Aguilar-Puntriano & Vences" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella mira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mira">
|
||
<emphasis id="17753B731CD314298C631437FEAE67FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella mira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (call voucher MUSM 40264) from west of Tingo Maria, Departamento
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4AFC29657D32A212F30D534A616F8F19" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Peru. Below an expanded oscillogram depicting the first note of the call;
|
||
<emphasis id="270BEE10CA916AF2B1DE276B716A896B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">b</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="713F1B215BD1F7750B4CAFD25D9E97BC" authorityName="Twomey, Delia & Castroviejo-Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella corleone" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corleone">
|
||
<emphasis id="8107FE809DD18C9049EBBC98CC646112" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella corleone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the type locality, Departamento San
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A4BF0E5DA326AF07C1FFBBDD011A52D2" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Peru. Below an expanded oscillogram depicting the first note of the call. Both recordings high-pass filtered at 1000 Hz.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C5BFC368D60650F8924E5C87107ED014" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" type="comparative call data">
|
||
<paragraph id="E929E08357C4F5D1429A292D7E242C35" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Comparative call data.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C867CBD2933000F7872C0CBE21112755" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
The only available call recording of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="792AADCF776003B5923072EDA8CD54A6" authorityName="Twomey, Delia & Castroviejo-Fisher" authorityYear="2014" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Chimerella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chimerella corleone" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corleone">
|
||
<emphasis id="6A1138E99B6C49AEF70A208F23CAC98A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">Chimerella corleone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is that described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E4E9469A02B1DE0F2C61B4DF935ADE06" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3851.1" author="Twomey, E" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 87" refId="B38" refString="Twomey, E, Delia, J, Castroviejo-Fisher, S, 2014. A review of northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the description of four new remarkable species. Zootaxa 3851: 1 - 87, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3851.1" title="A review of northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the description of four new remarkable species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3851.1" volume="3851" year="2014">Twomey et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded from a topotypic male in captivity after dislodging it from the female with which it has been in amplexus. These conditions argue for the call representing a mating call, not an advertisement call (J. Delia, pers. comm.) and thus comparison should be regarded with some reservation. However, as mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="27FD53C9E71F35784762F2A5EA910BBA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3851.1" author="Twomey, E" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 87" refId="B38" refString="Twomey, E, Delia, J, Castroviejo-Fisher, S, 2014. A review of northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the description of four new remarkable species. Zootaxa 3851: 1 - 87, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3851.1" title="A review of northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the description of four new remarkable species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3851.1" volume="3851" year="2014">Twomey et al. (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, advertisement calls heard in the field were rather similar in character. We re-analysed the available recording of the single call using the methodology described above (for recording equipment used see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91EA8F0DCEEAE9E79C413949BCF1E5CB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3851.1" author="Twomey, E" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 87" refId="B38" refString="Twomey, E, Delia, J, Castroviejo-Fisher, S, 2014. A review of northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the description of four new remarkable species. Zootaxa 3851: 1 - 87, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3851.1" title="A review of northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the description of four new remarkable species." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3851.1" volume="3851" year="2014">Twomey et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The call (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4E2DA739A33925B0AA54E1372B562EA1" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Audiospectrograms and corresponding oscillograms of calls of Chimerella: a Chimerella mira sp. nov. (call voucher MUSM 40264) from west of Tingo Maria, Departamento Huanuco, Peru. Below an expanded oscillogram depicting the first note of the call; b Chimerella corleone from the type locality, Departamento San Martin, Peru. Below an expanded oscillogram depicting the first note of the call. Both recordings high-pass filtered at 1000 Hz." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/851250" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">10b</figureCitation>
|
||
) has the following numerical parameters: number of notes per call 2; call duration 521 ms; note duration 10 and 15 ms; inter-note interval 493 ms; dominant frequency of the first note 6485 Hz, and 6526 Hz in the second note; prevalent bandwidth difficult to determine due to oversaturated recording level, but call energy is apparently present up to 20 kHz. The character of this call would qualify as a
|
||
<normalizedToken id="7624CD36855F731E110E5B6343253B6E" originalValue="‘Tic’">'Tic'</normalizedToken>
|
||
call according to the definition of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8FB0E04BE3B96A0653B84041D63785B4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" author="Duarte-Marin, S" journalOrPublisher="Bioacoustics" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="143 - 180" refId="B11" refString="Duarte-Marin, S, Rada, M, Rivera-Correa, M, Caorsi, V, Barona, E, Gonzalez-Duran, G, Vargas-Salinas, F, 2022. Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae. Bioacoustics 32 (2): 143 - 180, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" title="Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" volume="32" year="2022">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="ABF27BDE65A97146D109D529654F2729" originalValue="Duarte-Marín">Duarte-Marin</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2022)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E70E830920730CED1144C12F334B8780" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">
|
||
Calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DB2C59A61C87009B50F9FCF4FB5CBEF1" lsidName="C. mariaelenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mariaelenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="E4EAFDD853DDE09F6059E774FB3A074C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mariaelenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Pangayaku Creek (929 m a.s.l.), Provincia Napo, Ecuador, have been described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="018DCC5AC413C1730A3FE4E026DC3147" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" author="Guayasamin, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" refId="B16" refString="Guayasamin, JM, Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, Pena, O, Hutter, CR, 2020. Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12(6): e222. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" title="Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12 (6): e 222." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" year="2020">Guayasamin et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The calls (call duration 231-1761 ms) contain 2-10 unpulsed high-pitched notes of very short duration (4-7 ms), repeated at comparatively short intervals. Dominant frequency ranged from 6718-8010 Hz (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E2E5EAF711A0532EF352CA719D1704A4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" author="Guayasamin, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" refId="B16" refString="Guayasamin, JM, Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, Pena, O, Hutter, CR, 2020. Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12(6): e222. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" title="Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12 (6): e 222." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" year="2020">Guayasamin et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Also,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="975445EA55C148D247E43DE80DBFCBCF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.10.005" author="Batallas, D" journalOrPublisher="Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1292 - 1300" refId="B1" refString="Batallas, D, Brito, J, 2016. Analisis bioacustico de las vocalizaciones de seis especies de anuros de la laguna Cormoran, complejo lacustre de Sardinayacu, Parque Nacional Sangay, Ecuador. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 1292 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.10.005" title="Analisis bioacustico de las vocalizaciones de seis especies de anuros de la laguna Cormoran, complejo lacustre de Sardinayacu, Parque Nacional Sangay, Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.10.005" volume="87" year="2016">Batallas and Brito (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21D9170C28521395333A36874E0712F2" lsidName="C. mariaelenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mariaelenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="E87ED2B4684FE1E6ECB441167A9D0513" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mariaelenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from Sangay National Park (1750 m a.s.l.), Provincia Morona Santiago, Ecuador. Their analysis described call parameters quite different from those reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="68929CC98D6334AE1CCC92EAFD8EFC7F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" author="Guayasamin, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" refId="B16" refString="Guayasamin, JM, Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, Pena, O, Hutter, CR, 2020. Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12(6): e222. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" title="Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12 (6): e 222." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" year="2020">Guayasamin et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, with calls always containing 3 notes (call duration 668-808 ms) and much longer note durations of 54-116 ms. The differences among these two call descriptions for calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D47E0E11C95DEB95F1147E76919E92D0" lsidName="C. mariaelenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mariaelenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="07F30B88FADF43BB8963B335BB43022A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mariaelenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are beyond those usually considered to represent inter-specific call variation (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4BF4EA5F99EB9741E1201072E478BEBC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4251.1.1" author="Koehler, J" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1 - 124" refId="B24" refString="Koehler, J, Jansen, M, Rodriguez, A, Kok, PJR, Toledo, LF, Emmrich, M, Glaw, F, Haddad, CFB, Roedel, M-O, Vences, M, 2017. The use of bioacoustics in anuran taxonomy: theory, terminology, methods and recommendations for best practice. Zootaxa 4251: 1 - 124, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4251.1.1" title="The use of bioacoustics in anuran taxonomy: theory, terminology, methods and recommendations for best practice." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4251.1.1" volume="4251" year="2017">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4651896CDD682906785A44F53E7FAC14" originalValue="Köhler">Koehler</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and would argue for the calls belonging to different species. However, although apparently rare in centrolenids (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="1D775250C4379AD5547C63763661E732" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" author="Duarte-Marin, S" journalOrPublisher="Bioacoustics" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="143 - 180" refId="B11" refString="Duarte-Marin, S, Rada, M, Rivera-Correa, M, Caorsi, V, Barona, E, Gonzalez-Duran, G, Vargas-Salinas, F, 2022. Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae. Bioacoustics 32 (2): 143 - 180, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" title="Tic, Tii and Trii calls: Advertisement call descriptions for eight glass frogs from Colombia and analysis of the structure of auditory signals in Centrolenidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2022.2077833" volume="32" year="2022">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5DE38973C1A891B4654261A0505DE9ED" originalValue="Duarte-Marín">Duarte-Marin</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the calls described could also refer to two different call types of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2DCF0F923EEF0E178632032848B524A0" lsidName="C. mariaelenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mariaelenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="511235F0FBADB0D43AFBE72DB82AB8C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mariaelenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C6590B7449F508E88C432C40D668B22F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.10.005" author="Batallas, D" journalOrPublisher="Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1292 - 1300" refId="B1" refString="Batallas, D, Brito, J, 2016. Analisis bioacustico de las vocalizaciones de seis especies de anuros de la laguna Cormoran, complejo lacustre de Sardinayacu, Parque Nacional Sangay, Ecuador. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 1292 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.10.005" title="Analisis bioacustico de las vocalizaciones de seis especies de anuros de la laguna Cormoran, complejo lacustre de Sardinayacu, Parque Nacional Sangay, Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.10.005" volume="87" year="2016">Batallas and Brito (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the males calling in dense choruses containing numerous males, thus territorial and/or aggressive function of the calls recorded could be an explanation. With the data at hand, we are unable to clarify the reason for these call differences described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82008A10C352BAEF723D113F50A14347" lsidName="C. mariaelenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mariaelenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="42ABCB19B402A6C79E791DAACE0F3A94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mariaelenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but for our diagnosis above we here relied on the description provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C9A8AB418B10B7DB3F88B3E5981CDDC4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" author="Guayasamin, JM" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" refId="B16" refString="Guayasamin, JM, Cisneros-Heredia, DF, McDiarmid, RW, Pena, O, Hutter, CR, 2020. Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12(6): e222. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" title="Glassfrogs of Ecuador: diversity, evolution and conservation. Diversity 12 (6): e 222." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/d12060222" year="2020">Guayasamin et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, if considering the calls described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F4BAA936595EFB43772D3C2CF5AC77CA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.10.005" author="Batallas, D" journalOrPublisher="Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" pagination="1292 - 1300" refId="B1" refString="Batallas, D, Brito, J, 2016. Analisis bioacustico de las vocalizaciones de seis especies de anuros de la laguna Cormoran, complejo lacustre de Sardinayacu, Parque Nacional Sangay, Ecuador. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 1292 - 1300, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.10.005" title="Analisis bioacustico de las vocalizaciones de seis especies de anuros de la laguna Cormoran, complejo lacustre de Sardinayacu, Parque Nacional Sangay, Ecuador." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmb.2016.10.005" volume="87" year="2016">Batallas and Brito (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to represent the advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA50F64B423EC4635FCFC2132B720BB9" lsidName="C. mariaelenae" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mariaelenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="61B6988B7CFEC682FF70E975C82CC8BB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mariaelenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there would be some overlap in numerical parameters with calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01A7E4822F1760696362C9584FEC2E0D" lsidName="C. mira" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mira">
|
||
<emphasis id="781F6E7E2839AF6C9478B2103FFBCA41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the distinct pulsed amplitude structure present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1FF8A9B56AFC3B37B0093C9DCFEBB240" lsidName="C. mira" pageId="0" pageNumber="195" rank="species" species="mira">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEA5EECFDAD3A2EA9C80B9B1A48D0F6D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="195">C. mira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been observed in calls described by the mentioned authors.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |