609 lines
70 KiB
XML
609 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="4F07FCBCFFC7DE84FEDB3D8612AEEFCF" ID-CLB-Dataset="45859" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3794.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8f255bd6-4072-4dfc-ab35-d233e0766ff3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="285997" ID-ZooBank="51852298-F299-4392-9C89-A6FD14D3E1D0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460415861649" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Parra-Velandia, Fernando J., Zea, Sven & Van Soest, Rob W. M." docDate="2014" docId="03F7DF34C023FFEFFF40CD5BDD54EC0B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03794p343.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3794 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Agelas sventres Lehnert" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="337" masterDocId="FFCEA74CC002FFCBFFD7CF1CDF59EF3C" masterDocTitle="Reef sponges of the genus Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Greater Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="343" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="334" updateTime="1698328800454" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="872EEC23BFC07D93741EE0155F300124">Reef sponges of the genus Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Greater Caribbean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="87F34D9DBCDF3462A12B1EE928B6D93C">Parra-Velandia, Fernando J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="15C54F8554BB30BE99ADE0C61B391C3D">Zea, Sven</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="85826841F40D2FF2819359C8B4C92495">Van Soest, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9B4F1516021BF6EA3F8BA5573D9D9B38">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9CE86ABA3D0D7A7063C06063E7E69453">
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<mods:date id="1FA25ADCD4E38EABE431B138129044CB">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DE7569FBC9238354F47A411A8D1958E3">3794</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F7DF34C023FFEFFF40CD5BDD54EC0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5691147" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119425044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5691147" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F7DF34C023FFEFFF40CD5BDD54EC0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F7DF34C023FFEFFF40CD5BDD54EC0B" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C023FFEAFF40CD5BDEBEEDDB" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CD5BDDFDED5E" blockId="33.[151,676,583,643]" box="[151,676,583,610]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<heading id="D0A9D94EC023FFEAFF40CD5BDDFDED5E" bold="true" box="[151,676,583,610]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF40CD5BDDFDED5E" bold="true" box="[151,676,583,610]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF40CD5BDEE4ED5E" ID-CoL="662GH" authority="Lehnert" authorityName="Lehnert" box="[151,445,583,610]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF40CD5BDE08ED5D" bold="true" box="[151,337,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas sventres</emphasis>
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Lehnert
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</taxonomicName>
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& van
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFDCECD54DDFDED5E" author="Soest" box="[537,676,584,610]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Lehnert, H., Soest, R. W. M. van (1996) North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 46, 53 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">Soest, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CD76DFBFEDBF" blockId="33.[151,676,583,643]" box="[151,230,618,643]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<figureCitation id="136572A7C023FFEAFF40CD76DFBFEDBF" box="[151,230,618,643]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,625,1759]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 14. Photographs of Agelas sventres. A) Two small masses, the Bahamas. B) Massive specimen from Curacao; note the surface aspect and the two different kinds of oscules. C) Massive specimen from Jamaica. D) Round, ball specimen from Barbados. E) Holotype from Jamaica (courtesy of J. Xavier)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286010/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CDAEDEBEEDDB" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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||
Species named to follow up the working name
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFDABCDAEDD98EDF4" box="[636,705,690,712]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFDABCDAEDD98EDF4" box="[636,705,690,712]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 3 used by Sven Zea to refer to this species (from the Spanish word “tres” for the number three).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C023FFEAFF40CDECDDADEBA8" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CDECDBB4EC18" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC023FFEAFF40CDECDBB4EC18" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF40CDECDED0EC3A" ID-CoL="662GH" authority="Lehnert" authorityName="Lehnert" box="[151,393,752,774]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF40CDECDE6DEC3A" box="[151,308,752,774]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas sventres</emphasis>
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Lehnert
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</taxonomicName>
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& van
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFE03CDECDD2BEC3A" author="Soest" box="[468,626,752,774]" page="65" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1996">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE03CDECDD14EC3A" author="Soest" box="[468,589,752,774]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Lehnert, H., Soest, R. W. M. van (1996) North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 46, 53 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">Soest, 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 65
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, Figs. 6, 22, 55; Lehnert & van
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFC63CDECDB14EC3A" author="Soest" box="[948,1101,752,774]" page="81" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFC63CDECDB71EC3A" author="Soest" box="[948,1064,752,774]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Lehnert, H., Soest, R. W. M. van (1998) Shallow water sponges of Jamaica. Beaufortia, 48, 71 - 103." type="journal article" year="1998">Soest 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 81
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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; Lehnert & van Soest 1999: 156;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFF10CC13DE80EC18" author="Assmann" box="[199,473,782,805]" page="1594" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFF10CC13DEC2EC18" author="Assmann" box="[199,411,782,805]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Assmann, M., Soest, R. W. M. van & Kock, M. (2001) Description of Agelas cerebrum, a new species and redescription of Agelas dilatata (Porifera). Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington, 114, 359 - 366." type="journal article" year="2001">
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Assmann
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFEFCCC0CDE06EC18" box="[299,351,782,805]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2001
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 1594
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, supporting info p. 1.;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFD68CC12DCFAEC18" author="Muricy" box="[703,931,782,805]" page="85" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFD68CC12DC27EC18" author="Muricy" box="[703,894,782,805]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Muricy, G., Esteves, E. L., Moraes, F., Santos, J. P., da Silva, S., Klautau, M. & Lanna, E. (2008) Biodiversidade marinha da Bacia Potiguar. Porifera. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Livros 29, 156 pp." type="book" year="2008">
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||
Muricy
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||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFCC7CC0CDC65EC18" box="[784,828,782,805]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2008
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 85
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs.; 2011: 40; Zea
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||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFBADCC0CDBFEEC18" box="[1146,1191,782,805]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2009.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CC32DCB9EC7F" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" box="[151,992,813,835]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
[Non:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF0FCC31DE2CEC7F" ID-CoL="662GH" box="[216,373,813,835]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF0FCC31DE2CEC7F" box="[216,373,813,835]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE54CC31DD6DEC7F" author="Valderrama" box="[387,564,813,835]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Valderrama, D. F. (2001) Taxonomia y distribucion de esponjas arrecifales (Porifera) del noroccidente del Golfo de Uraba, Caribe colombiano. B. Sc. thesis, Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Santa Marta, 187 pp." type="book" year="2001">Valderrama 2001</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 51, Fig. 17 (=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFD1FCC32DC94EC7F" ID-CoL="84WDL" authority="Wilson, 1902" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1902" box="[712,973,813,835]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
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||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFD1FCC32DC63EC7F" box="[712,826,813,835]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">A. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFC96CC31DC94EC7F" author="Wilson" box="[833,973,813,835]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1902) The Sponges collected in Puerto Rico in 1899 by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer`Fish Hawk'. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 20, 377 - 411." type="journal article" year="1902">Wilson, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
)].
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CC50DEF1ECBC" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC023FFEAFF40CC50DEF1ECBC" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF40CC50DE17EC5E" ID-CoL="662G2" box="[151,334,844,866]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
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||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF40CC50DE17EC5E" box="[151,334,844,866]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFE8BCC50DD01EC5E" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[348,600,844,866]" page="131" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE8BCC50DD7EEC5E" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[348,551,844,866]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) A monograph of the shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia. Supplementum. 28. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel und Stuttgart, 287 pp." type="book" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 131
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part, only Fig. 39A, B, specimens B279–80, fide
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFB55CC51DA78EC5E" author="Zea" box="[1154,1313,844,866]" page="217" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1987">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFB55CC51DBB4EC5E" author="Zea" box="[1154,1261,844,866]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe colombiano. Catalogo Cientifico, Bogota, 286 pp." type="book" year="1987">Zea, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 217
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFAE3CC50DEFAECBC" author="Erhardt" page="80" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1995">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFAE3CC50DE24ECBC" author="Erhardt" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Erhardt, H. & Mooseleitner, H. (1995) Meerwasser Atlas. Wirbellose Tiere. Mergus, Melle, 2, 736 pp." type="book" year="1995">Erhardt & Moosleitner 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 80
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CC96DC40ECA3" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" box="[151,793,905,927]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
[Non:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF0FCC95DD07ECA3" ID-CoL="662G2" authority="Schmidt, 1870: 60" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1870" box="[216,606,905,927]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF0FCC95DED4ECA3" box="[216,397,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE4DCC95DD0EECA3" author="Schmidt" box="[410,599,905,927]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Schmidt, E. O. (1870) Grundzuge Einer Spongien-Fauna Des Atlanthischen Gebietes. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 88 pp." type="book" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870: 60</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a valid species)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CCB4DA2AECE0" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC023FFEAFF40CCB4DA2AECE0" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF40CCB4DE7DEC82" ID-CoL="662F7" box="[151,292,936,958]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF40CCB4DE7DEC82" box="[151,292,936,958]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; van
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFEB7CCB4DEA5EC82" author="Soest" box="[352,508,936,958]" page="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1981">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFEB7CCB4DE8CEC82" author="Soest" box="[352,469,936,958]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van (1981) A checklist of the Curacao sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) including a pictorial key to the more common reef forms. Verslagen en Technische Gegevens Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie (Zoologisch Museum) Universiteit van Amsterdam, 31, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1981">Soest 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 10
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 34;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFDE6CCB4DC63EC82" author="Alvarez" box="[561,826,936,958]" page="81" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFDE6CCB4DC4AEC82" author="Alvarez" box="[561,787,936,958]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Alvarez, B. & Diaz, M. C. (1985) Las esponjas de un arrecife coralino en el Parque Nacional Archipielago Los Roques: taxonomia y ecologia. B. Sc. thesis, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, 216 pp." type="book" year="1985">Álvarez & Díaz 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 81
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 23;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFC77CCB4DBD5EC82" author="Green" box="[928,1164,936,958]" page="130" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1986">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFC77CCB4DB00EC82" author="Green" box="[928,1113,936,958]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Green, G., Fuentes Velazquez, L. E. & Gomez Lopez, P. (1986) Nuevos registros de porifera del arrecife la Blanquilla, Veracruz, Mexico. Anales del Instituto Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 13 (3), 127 - 146." type="journal article" year="1986">
|
||
Green
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFC32CCB5DB42EC82" box="[997,1051,936,958]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1986
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 130
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C023FFEAFB4FCCB4DB87EC82" box="[1176,1246,936,958]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1675,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,519,1653]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,519,1653]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Photographs of Agelas sceptrum. Note the oscules position with respect to the growing axis. A) The Bahamas. B) Barbados; dark spots correspond to zoanthids. C) Erect specimen from Belize. D) Erect and exposed specimen from Curaçao. E) Branched erect specimen, Jamaica; note the branch tip attachment. F) Minute erect specimen from San Andres Island, Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286002/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
–6; Kobluk & van
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFF10CCDADE23ECE0" author="Soest" box="[199,378,966,988]" page="1216" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFF10CCDADE62ECE0" author="Soest" box="[199,315,966,988]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Kobluk, D. R. & Soest, R. W. M. van (1989) Cavity-dwelling sponges in a Southern Caribbean coral reef and their paleontological implications. Bulletin of Marine Science, 44 (3), 1207 - 1235." type="journal article" year="1989">Soest 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 1216
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE53CCDBDD46ECE0" author="Assmann" box="[388,543,966,988]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Assmann, M. (2000) Bromierte Pyrrol-Alkaloide aus karibischen Schwammed der Gattung Agelas: Isolierung, Strukturaufklarung und chemische Okologie. Dr. rer. Nat. dissertation, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt, 165 pp." type="book" year="2000">Assmann 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 6 (in part, orange morphotype only, Figs. A and D; Figs. B and C are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFADFCCDBDA3DECE0" ID-CoL="662F7" box="[1288,1380,966,988]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFADFCCDBDA3DECE0" box="[1288,1380,966,988]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">A. dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CCF9DD8AECC7" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" box="[151,723,997,1019]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC023FFEAFF40CCF9DD8AECC7" box="[151,723,997,1019]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF75CCF9DE77ECC7" ID-CoL="662F7" box="[162,302,997,1019]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF75CCF9DE77ECC7" box="[162,302,997,1019]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFEECCCF9DD96ECC7" author="Wintermann-Kilian" box="[315,719,997,1019]" page="132" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1984">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFEECCCF9DDC5ECC7" author="Wintermann-Kilian" box="[315,668,997,1019]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Wintermann-Kilian, G. & Kilian, E. F. (1984) Marine sponges of the region of Santa Marta (Colombia) part 2. Homosclerophorida, Choristida, Spirophorida, Hadromerida, Axinellida, Halichondrida, Poecilosclerida. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 19, 121 - 135. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650528409360650" type="journal article" year="1984">Wintermann-Kilian & Kilian 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 132
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CB19DCCFEB26" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" box="[151,918,1028,1050]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
[Non:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF0FCB18DD82EB26" ID-CoL="662F7" authority="Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1861: 76" authorityName="Duchassaing & Michelotti" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1861" box="[216,731,1028,1050]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF0FCB18DE3DEB26" box="[216,356,1028,1050]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas dispar</emphasis>
|
||
Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1861: 76
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a valid species)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CB3EDD18EB04" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" box="[151,577,1058,1080]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC023FFEAFF40CB3EDD18EB04" box="[151,577,1058,1080]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF75CB3EDE63EB04" ID-CoL="38RVR" box="[162,314,1058,1080]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sparsus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF75CB3EDE63EB04" box="[162,314,1058,1080]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas sparsus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFE9FCB3EDEB1EB04" author="Green" box="[328,488,1058,1080]" page="92" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE9FCB3EDE9BEB04" author="Green" box="[328,450,1058,1080]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Green, G. (1977) Sinopsis taxonomica de trece especies de esponjas del arrecife La Blanquilla, Veracruz, Mexico. Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 4 (1), 79 - 98." type="journal article" year="1977">Green 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 92
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C023FFEAFE25CB3EDD64EB04" box="[498,573,1058,1080]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1326]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1327]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 12. Photographs of Agelas schmidti. A) Small round, tapered finger from Belize. B) Minute open tubes from Rosario Islands, Colombia. C) Fouled finger, the Bahamas (center only). D and E) Holotype at USNM (courtesy of K. Ruetzler and C. Dietrich)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286008/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CB5DDDB9EB6B" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" box="[151,736,1089,1111]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
Unidentified demosponge;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE7DCB5DDD47EB6B" author="Colin" box="[426,542,1089,1111]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Colin, P. I. (1978) Caribbean reef invertebrates and plants. T. F. H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 512 pp." type="book" year="1978">Colin 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. page 101 top.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CB7CDC1BEB4A" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" box="[151,834,1120,1142]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC023FFEAFF40CB7CDC1BEB4A" box="[151,834,1120,1142]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF40CB7CDE61EB4A" ID-CoL="84WDL" box="[151,312,1120,1142]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF40CB7CDE61EB4A" box="[151,312,1120,1142]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C023FFEAFE92CB7CDD58EB4A" author="Alcolado" box="[325,513,1120,1142]" page="61" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE92CB7CDE86EB4A" author="Alcolado" box="[325,479,1120,1142]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 61
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part, suggested synonymy).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CB63DDADEBA8" blockId="33.[151,1436,690,1172]" box="[151,756,1150,1172]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
[Non:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFF0FCB62DD63EBA8" ID-CoL="84WDL" authority="Wilson, 1902: 398" authorityName="Wilson" authorityPageNumber="398" authorityYear="1902" box="[216,570,1150,1172]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF0FCB62DE20EBA8" box="[216,377,1150,1172]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Agelas schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFEA8CB62DD53EBA8" author="Wilson" box="[383,522,1150,1172]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1902) The Sponges collected in Puerto Rico in 1899 by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer`Fish Hawk'. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 20, 377 - 411." type="journal article" year="1902">Wilson, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 398
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(a valid species)].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C023FFEAFF40CBDDDB1EE9B5" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF40CBDDDE01EA56" blockId="33.[151,1437,1217,2034]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF40CBDDDE8CEBE6" bold="true" box="[151,469,1217,1242]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Material and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C023FFEAFE09CBDDDD1FEBE6" box="[478,582,1217,1242]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
examined, deposited in the Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C023FFEAFAC0CBDEDA0FEBE6" box="[1303,1366,1218,1242]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C023FFEAFAB3CBDEDAC5EBE6" box="[1380,1436,1218,1242]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
11322), collected at
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFE56CBF9DE87EBC2" box="[385,478,1253,1278]" name="Jamaica" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Discovery Bay, LTS,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C023FFEAFD34CBF9DC6AEBC1" box="[739,819,1253,1278]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.18" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="51.8">51.8 m</quantity>
|
||
in depth. Material examined here includes specimens from (but is not restricted to)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFE32CA15DD2CEA1E" box="[485,629,1289,1314]" name="Bahamas" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C023FFEAFD12CA16DDA4EA1E" box="[709,765,1290,1314]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
932),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFC91CA15DCE9EA1E" box="[838,944,1289,1314]" name="Barbados" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
(INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C023FFEAFC28CA16DB6EEA1E" box="[1023,1079,1290,1314]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
911, 917),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFB6FCA16DA4CEA1E" box="[1208,1301,1290,1314]" name="Curaçao" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
(INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C023FFEAFAB3CA16DAC5EA1E" box="[1380,1436,1290,1314]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
901, 907, 910),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFE9ACA31DE99EA7A" box="[333,448,1325,1350]" name="Venezuela" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Morrocoy, INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C023FFEAFD58CA32DD9FEA7A" box="[655,710,1326,1350]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
1196),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFCC8CA31DC20EA7A" box="[799,889,1325,1350]" name="Jamaica" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C023FFEAFC1ECA32DB58EA7A" box="[969,1025,1326,1350]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
1000, 1011) and San Andrés Island (INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C023FFEAFF09CA4EDE4FEA56" box="[222,278,1362,1386]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
986).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF10CA6ADB1EE9B5" blockId="33.[151,1437,1217,2034]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
We prefer to assign our material from the continental coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFC51CA69DCADEAB2" box="[902,1012,1397,1422]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(including the one mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFAA5CA6ADF96EA8E" author="Zea" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe colombiano. Catalogo Cientifico, Bogota, 286 pp." type="book" year="1987">Zea 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Santa
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFE80CA86DEC3EA8D" box="[343,410,1434,1457]" name="Malta" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Marta</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE18CA85DDD7EA8E" author="Valderrama" box="[463,654,1433,1458]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Valderrama, D. F. (2001) Taxonomia y distribucion de esponjas arrecifales (Porifera) del noroccidente del Golfo de Uraba, Caribe colombiano. B. Sc. thesis, Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Santa Marta, 187 pp." type="book" year="2001">Valderrama 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Urabá) to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C023FFEAFC95CA86DCE6EA8D" box="[834,959,1433,1457]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFC95CA86DCE6EA8D" box="[834,959,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">A. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in account of their morphology and colour (see remarks). Other authors recorded the species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFCD9CAA1DCC6EAEA" box="[782,927,1469,1494]" name="Bahamas" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFC78CAA1DBC9EAEA" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[943,1168,1469,1494]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) A monograph of the shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia. Supplementum. 28. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel und Stuttgart, 287 pp." type="book" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFB4ACAA2DA10EAEA" author="Assmann" box="[1181,1353,1470,1494]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Assmann, M. (2000) Bromierte Pyrrol-Alkaloide aus karibischen Schwammed der Gattung Agelas: Isolierung, Strukturaufklarung und chemische Okologie. Dr. rer. Nat. dissertation, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt, 165 pp." type="book" year="2000">Assmann 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Zea
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFA5FCAA2DFF4EAC5" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFEDCCAFDDE1FEAC6" box="[267,326,1505,1530]" name="Cuba" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE82CAFDDD58EAC6" author="Alcolado" box="[341,513,1505,1530]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFDC2CAFDDD36EAC6" box="[533,623,1505,1530]" name="Jamaica" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFDA8CAFDDC58EAC6" author="Colin" box="[639,769,1505,1530]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Colin, P. I. (1978) Caribbean reef invertebrates and plants. T. F. H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 512 pp." type="book" year="1978">Colin 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Lehnert & van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFC6ECAFEDB60EAC6" author="Soest" box="[953,1081,1506,1530]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Lehnert, H., Soest, R. W. M. van (1998) Shallow water sponges of Jamaica. Beaufortia, 48, 71 - 103." type="journal article" year="1998">Soest 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFB92CAFEDBD8EAC6" author="Lehnert" box="[1093,1153,1506,1530]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Lehnert, H., Soest, R. W. M. van (1999) More North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 49, 141 - 169." type="journal article" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Los Roques,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFAFECAFDDAC5EAC6" box="[1321,1436,1505,1530]" name="Venezuela" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFF49C919DECAE922" author="Alvarez" box="[158,403,1541,1566]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Alvarez, B. & Diaz, M. C. (1985) Las esponjas de un arrecife coralino en el Parque Nacional Archipielago Los Roques: taxonomia y ecologia. B. Sc. thesis, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, 216 pp." type="book" year="1985">Álvarez & Díaz 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFE7FC919DD58E922" box="[424,513,1541,1566]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Bonaire</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Kobluk & van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFD6FC91ADC61E922" author="Soest" box="[696,824,1542,1566]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Kobluk, D. R. & Soest, R. W. M. van (1989) Cavity-dwelling sponges in a Southern Caribbean coral reef and their paleontological implications. Bulletin of Marine Science, 44 (3), 1207 - 1235." type="journal article" year="1989">Soest 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFC9CC91ADCF1E922" box="[843,936,1542,1566]" name="Curaçao" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
(van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFC3FC91ADB3EE922" author="Soest" box="[1000,1127,1542,1566]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van (1981) A checklist of the Curacao sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) including a pictorial key to the more common reef forms. Verslagen en Technische Gegevens Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie (Zoologisch Museum) Universiteit van Amsterdam, 31, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1981">Soest 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Zea
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFB74C91ADB8DE921" box="[1187,1236,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009), Veracruz, Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFF27C935DE1FE97E" box="[240,326,1577,1602]" name="Mexico" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">México</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFE83C936DD44E97E" author="Green" box="[340,541,1577,1602]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Green, G., Fuentes Velazquez, L. E. & Gomez Lopez, P. (1986) Nuevos registros de porifera del arrecife la Blanquilla, Veracruz, Mexico. Anales del Instituto Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 13 (3), 127 - 146." type="journal article" year="1986">
|
||
Green
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFE75C936DE8AE97D" box="[418,467,1577,1601]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1986
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and NE
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFD5AC935DD88E97E" box="[653,721,1577,1602]" name="Brazil" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFD37C935DCECE97E" author="Muricy" box="[736,949,1577,1602]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Muricy, G., Esteves, E. L., Moraes, F., Santos, J. P., da Silva, S., Klautau, M. & Lanna, E. (2008) Biodiversidade marinha da Bacia Potiguar. Porifera. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Livros 29, 156 pp." type="book" year="2008">
|
||
Muricy
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFCECC936DC35E97D" box="[827,876,1577,1601]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C023FFEAFC16C936DCA4E97E" author="Muricy" box="[961,1021,1578,1602]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" refString="Muricy, G., Lopes, D. A., Hajdu, E., Carvalho, M. de S., Moraes, F. C., Klautau, M., Menegola, C. & Pineiro, U. (2011) Catalogue of Brazilian Porifera. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Serie Livros 46, 299 pp." type="book" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). From this information we conclude that this species has a tropical western Atlantic distribution, despite its absence in the north coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFB2DC951DA31E95A" box="[1274,1384,1613,1638]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see remarks). Our specimens were found from
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C023FFEAFDADC96DDDBCE9B5" box="[634,741,1649,1674]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="20.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="5.0">5 to 35 m</quantity>
|
||
in depth, abundant at
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C023FFEAFC0AC96DDB1AE9B5" box="[989,1091,1649,1674]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" unit="m" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">
|
||
15–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D58A5ABC023FFEAFBD1C96DDB1AE9B5" box="[1030,1091,1649,1674]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="generic">20 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C023FFE9FF10C989DCCAED00" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFEAFF10C989DE81E896" blockId="33.[151,1437,1217,2034]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C023FFEAFF10C989DE00E992" bold="true" box="[199,345,1685,1710]" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
It has a bulbous, massive-lobate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C023FFEAFD00C989DC7BE992" box="[727,802,1685,1710]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,625,1759]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 14. Photographs of Agelas sventres. A) Two small masses, the Bahamas. B) Massive specimen from Curacao; note the surface aspect and the two different kinds of oscules. C) Massive specimen from Jamaica. D) Round, ball specimen from Barbados. E) Holotype from Jamaica (courtesy of J. Xavier)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286010/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Fig 14</figureCitation>
|
||
C) to ball form (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C023FFEAFC0DC989DB7CE992" box="[986,1061,1685,1710]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,625,1759]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 14. Photographs of Agelas sventres. A) Two small masses, the Bahamas. B) Massive specimen from Curacao; note the surface aspect and the two different kinds of oscules. C) Massive specimen from Jamaica. D) Round, ball specimen from Barbados. E) Holotype from Jamaica (courtesy of J. Xavier)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286010/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Fig 14</figureCitation>
|
||
B, 14D);
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C023FFEAFB59C989DBA7E991" box="[1166,1278,1685,1710]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" unit="cm" value="45.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="30.0">30–60 cm</quantity>
|
||
long axis and
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C023FFEAFF40C9A6DE5FE9ED" box="[151,262,1722,1746]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" unit="cm" value="25.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="10.0">10–40 cm</quantity>
|
||
short axis; balls
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C023FFEAFE14C9A6DD68E9ED" box="[451,561,1722,1746]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" unit="cm" value="25.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="10.0">10–40 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. In some of our studied areas (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFBDBC9A5DBF3E9EE" box="[1036,1194,1721,1746]" name="Bahamas" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">The Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFB62C9A5DA72E9EE" box="[1205,1323,1721,1746]" name="Venezuela" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFAE2C9A6DACDE9EE" box="[1333,1428,1722,1746]" name="Curaçao" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
) balls predominate, although they can elongate, while in others (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFCA5C9C1DC88E9CA" box="[882,977,1757,1782]" name="Jamaica" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, San Andrés Island) individuals may be irregular and multilobate. Lobes or balls may initially fill crevices (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C023FFEAFC52C81DDC96E826" box="[901,975,1793,1818]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1758]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,625,1759]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 14. Photographs of Agelas sventres. A) Two small masses, the Bahamas. B) Massive specimen from Curacao; note the surface aspect and the two different kinds of oscules. C) Massive specimen from Jamaica. D) Round, ball specimen from Barbados. E) Holotype from Jamaica (courtesy of J. Xavier)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286010/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Fig 14</figureCitation>
|
||
A), with extensions inside the substratum that may come out separately; sometimes (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C023FFEAFD5BC839DDB5E802" box="[652,748,1829,1854]" name="Jamaica" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
), lobes grow as thick cylinders, erect or repent, often with fouled walls, crown by clean lobes. External colour orange, internal colour orange to orange yellow; when dry the external colour becomes light brown and the internal yellowish. Pinacoderm supported by tufts of spicules protruding from main fibres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C023FFE9FF10C8A9DB77EE03" blockId="33.[151,1437,1217,2034]" lastBlockId="34.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="33" pageNumber="334">
|
||
Surface smooth with many scattered apertures (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C023FFEAFD37C8AADC08E8F2" box="[736,849,1974,1998]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="334" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="2.0">2–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
); similar holes are visible under the pinacoderm but they do not open to the exterior; in grown specimens the apertures join together to form keyhole-like elongate openings
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C020FFE9FED4CF84DE0EEF93" box="[259,343,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.0">1–3 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, sometimes penetrating and crossing throughout the entire body. Large lobes and balls have characteristic oscules collared by a transparent milky membrane, elevated
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C020FFE9FBF2CFA0DBD3EFE8" box="[1061,1162,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
from the pinacoderm. Consistency of grown lobes or balls is spongy, difficult to tear or cut, rather hard when dry; smaller lobes much softer. Choanosome extremely cavernous but caverns are usually similarly sized; the channels are (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C020FFE9FB3DCE18DA0FEE20" box="[1258,1366,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–3 cm</quantity>
|
||
) lined by endopinacoderm. External walls thick
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C020FFE9FDBECE3BDD90EE03" box="[617,713,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
; internal walls thinner
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C020FFE9FC1DCE3BDB73EE03" box="[970,1066,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C020FFE9FF10CE50DCCAED00" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">
|
||
Primary fibres are 50–90 Μm in diameter, cored (5–8 spicules per cross section) and echinated. Secondary and tertiary fibres are not cored and scarcely echinated, with diameters of 10–60 Μm. Along the acanthostyles, remarkably, verticils become undefined at the intermediate length, spines being acute in the beginning and the end of the spicule and blunt or absent in the middle. Also, in the middle portion verticills tend to have only one or two spines. The acanthostyles are straight to slightly curved, whorls of 4–7 spines (more often 4 when whorls are complete); length 75–284 (126±36.1) µm, width 4–13 (9±2.5) µm and 5–14 (9±1.4) whorls per spicule. Detailed lengths, widths and average number of whorls are shown in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DC5B99C020FFE9FCEECD38DCD6ED00" box="[825,911,548,573]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,764,787]" captionText="TABLE 2. Spicule measurements of Caribbean Agelas. n = 25. Values are minimum – maximum (mean ± 1 standard deviation)" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF213EAAC020FFE9FF40C9E8DC59E874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286010/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" targetBox="[151,1436,625,1758]" targetPageId="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C020FFE9FF40C9E8DC59E874" blockId="34.[151,1436,1780,1864]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C020FFE9FF40C9E8DE79E836" bold="true" box="[151,288,1780,1802]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Photographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C020FFE9FE1DC9E8DD30E837" box="[458,617,1780,1803]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C020FFE9FE1DC9E8DD30E837" box="[458,617,1780,1803]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Agelas sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A) Two small masses, the Bahamas. B) Massive specimen from Curacao; note the surface aspect and the two different kinds of oscules. C) Massive specimen from Jamaica. D) Round, ball specimen from Barbados. E) Holotype from Jamaica (courtesy of J. Xavier).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C020FFEFFF10C873DD54EC0B" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="337" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C020FFE8FF10C873DE8EEE59" blockId="34.[151,1436,1903,2036]" lastBlockId="35.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="336" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C020FFE9FF10C873DE62E8B4" bold="true" box="[199,315,1903,1928]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Under this species we have now combined two different morphotypes,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C020FFE9FB4FC86CDBEEE8BB" box="[1176,1207,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">viz</emphasis>
|
||
. bright orange ball sponges, previously called
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C020FFE9FE1FC88FDD3AE897" box="[456,611,1939,1963]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C020FFE9FE1FC88FDD3AE897" box="[456,611,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Agelas dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C020FFE9FD6AC888DC15E890" author="Soest" box="[701,844,1940,1964]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van (1981) A checklist of the Curacao sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) including a pictorial key to the more common reef forms. Verslagen en Technische Gegevens Instituut voor Taxonomische Zoologie (Zoologisch Museum) Universiteit van Amsterdam, 31, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1981">Soest (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and others, dubbed as “the orange football sponge”; with bright orange crevice-filling lobate sponges, previously put into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C020FFE9FC4BC8A4DB69E8F3" box="[924,1072,1975,1999]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C020FFE9FC4BC8A4DB69E8F3" box="[924,1072,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C020FFE9FB8EC8ABDA11E8EC" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[1113,1352,1975,2000]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) A monograph of the shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia. Supplementum. 28. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel und Stuttgart, 287 pp." type="book" year="1977">Wiedenmayer (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, or as a then-undescribed form by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C020FFE9FE1EC8C0DD13E8C8" author="Zea" box="[457,586,2012,2036]" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe colombiano. Catalogo Cientifico, Bogota, 286 pp." type="book" year="1987">Zea (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who used
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C020FFE9FD05C8C7DC47E8CF" box="[722,798,2011,2035]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="34" pageNumber="335" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C020FFE9FD05C8C7DC47E8CF" box="[722,798,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="335">Agelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. 3 as a working name. The latter was subsequently named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C021FFE8FF39CF84DE37EF8C" box="[238,366,152,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C021FFE8FF39CF84DE37EF8C" box="[238,366,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">A. sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by Lehnert & van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C021FFE8FD88CF84DDAFEF8C" author="Soest" box="[607,758,151,176]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" refString="Lehnert, H., Soest, R. W. M. van (1996) North Jamaican deep fore-reef sponges. Beaufortia, 46, 53 - 81." type="journal article" year="1996">Soest (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The concept of these two forms being different species apparently originally arose from the geographic predominance of one or the other morphotype. The finding of intermediate forms in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C021FFE8FE46CFC3DEB2EFC4" box="[401,491,223,248]" name="Jamaica" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
and part of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C021FFE8FDA3CFC3DC5CEFC4" box="[628,773,223,248]" name="Bahamas" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
led us to examine further the overall variation in form and microscopical characters. From the spicule architecture (e.g., paucity of spines in part of the spicule whorls), overall cavernosity, and formation of round lobes (which conformed the “football”), we decided that they all belonged to a single species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF213EAAC021FFE8FF40C88ADC02E8D5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286011/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" targetBox="[228,1358,414,1910]" targetPageId="35">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C021FFE8FF40C88ADC02E8D5" blockId="35.[151,1437,1942,2025]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C021FFE8FF40C88ADE79E890" bold="true" box="[151,288,1942,1964]" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanned sections of dry specimens to show skeletal details; primaries as black fibers, secondaries as gray fibers. A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C021FFE8FF6EC8A9DE01E8F7" box="[185,344,1973,1995]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="conifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C021FFE8FF6EC8A9DE01E8F7" box="[185,344,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Agelas conifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; primaries subparallel. B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C021FFE8FDBCC8A9DC4DE8F7" box="[619,788,1973,1995]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sceptrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C021FFE8FDBCC8A9DC4DE8F7" box="[619,788,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Agelas sceptrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; primaries subparallel. C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C021FFE8FBF2C8A9DBE9E8F7" box="[1061,1200,1973,1995]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C021FFE8FBF2C8A9DBE9E8F7" box="[1061,1200,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Agelas dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. D)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C021FFE8FB37C8A9DACFE8F7" box="[1248,1430,1973,1995]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C021FFE8FB37C8A9DACFE8F7" box="[1248,1430,1973,1995]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Agelas clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. E)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C021FFE8FF62C8CFDE66E8D5" box="[181,319,2003,2025]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C021FFE8FF62C8CFDE66E8D5" box="[181,319,2003,2025]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Agelas dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. F)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C021FFE8FEBEC8CFDD1BE8D5" box="[361,578,2003,2025]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="35" pageNumber="336" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wiedenmayeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C021FFE8FEBEC8CFDD1BE8D5" box="[361,578,2003,2025]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="336">Agelas wiedenmayeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale 5 mm for all photos.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C026FFEFFF10CF84DE9CEE20" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C026FFEFFF10CF84DE1AEF8C" author="Zea" box="[199,323,152,176]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe colombiano. Catalogo Cientifico, Bogota, 286 pp." type="book" year="1987">Zea (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found several specimens of this species within
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C026FFEFFC8ACF8BDB39EF8C" box="[861,1120,151,176]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) A monograph of the shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia. Supplementum. 28. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel und Stuttgart, 287 pp." type="book">Wiedenmayer´s (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFBB0CF84DBA5EF8C" box="[1127,1276,152,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFBB0CF84DBA5EF8C" box="[1127,1276,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Hence, some of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFF09CFA0DE2BEFE8" box="[222,370,188,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFF09CFA0DFB6EFEF" box="[222,239,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFF2ACFA0DE2BEFE8" box="[253,370,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and orange
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFE2BCFA0DD3DEFE8" box="[508,612,188,212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFE2BCFA0DD3DEFE8" box="[508,612,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
records need to be re-examined. For example, massive orange specimens described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFEF9CFFCDE83EFC4" box="[302,474,224,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sparsus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFEF9CFFCDE83EFC4" box="[302,474,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Agelas sparsus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C026FFEFFDDCCFFCDDFDEFC4" author="Green" box="[523,676,224,248]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" refString="Green, G. (1977) Sinopsis taxonomica de trece especies de esponjas del arrecife La Blanquilla, Veracruz, Mexico. Anales del Centro de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 4 (1), 79 - 98." type="journal article" year="1977">Green (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from Veracruz in the Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C026FFEFFBDDCFC3DB06EFC4" box="[1034,1119,223,248]" name="Mexico" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">México</collectingCountry>
|
||
could belong either to this species or to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFEFDCE18DEE7EE20" box="[298,446,260,284]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clathrodes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFEFDCE18DEE7EE20" box="[298,446,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. clathrodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C026FFEFFF10CE34DF83ED01" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFF10CE34DE2FEE7C" box="[199,374,296,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFF10CE34DE2FEE7C" box="[199,374,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">Agelas sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be easily confused with small, crevice-filling and multilobate specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFAC1CE34DACCEE7C" box="[1302,1429,296,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFAC1CE34DACCEE7C" box="[1302,1429,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Indeed,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C026FFEFFF2ECE50DEE3EE58" author="Alcolado" box="[249,442,332,357]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considers that these two species are synonymous. We are still doubtful of their distinctiveness as separate species, but here decided to keep
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFC8CCE6CDC80EEB4" box="[859,985,368,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFC8CCE6CDC80EEB4" box="[859,985,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a good species, and place under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFA53CE6CDFAFEE90" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFA53CE6CDFAFEE90" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the thin, creeping, continuously hollow branches ending up in tubes or slightly lobed and fluffy fingers (conforming to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C026FFEFFEA2CEABDE82EEEC" box="[373,475,439,464]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), often found inhabiting among rubble or below corals. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFBACCEA4DBA2EEEC" box="[1147,1275,440,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFBACCEA4DBA2EEEC" box="[1147,1275,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there are also crevice-filling specimens and large fouled cylinders crowned by clean, fluffy lobes. Creeping and crevice-filling cavernous specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFE7BCD1CDD7EED24" box="[428,551,512,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFE7BCD1CDD7EED24" box="[428,551,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not form a continuous cavity, and end up in larger, tougher lobes, rarely in tubes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C026FFEFFF10CD5BDD54EC0B" blockId="36.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
Remarkably, this red orange
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFDCFCD54DC47ED5C" box="[536,798,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFDCFCD54DDCFED5C" box="[536,662,584,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">A. sventres</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFD73CD54DC47ED5C" box="[676,798,584,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">A schmidti</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
pairing of morphotypes parallels the pairing of brown species-morphotypes
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFE5DCD70DDE5EDB8" box="[394,700,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFE5DCD70DEA8EDB8" box="[394,497,620,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">A. dispar</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFE28CD70DDE5EDB8" box="[511,700,620,644]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wiedenmayeri">A. wiedenmayeri</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, although species distinction is almost always clearer and easy in the latter pair. Both species of each colour pair came together on molecular analyses (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C026FFEFFB77CD93DAC8ED94" author="Parra-Velandia" box="[1184,1425,655,680]" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" refString="Parra-Velandia, F. J. (2011) Speciation scenarios of sessile organisms in the Caribbean Sea: The genus Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae), a case of high diversity in the area. Dr. Sc. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, 125 pp." type="book" year="2011">Parra-Velandia 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Perhaps speciation occurred or is occurring through habitat specialization (solid vs. cavernous substratum), in parallel in the two clades. Previously, some authors relied on form rather than on colour to distinguish species, putting together lobate brown
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFE2CCDE0DD3FEC28" box="[507,614,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFE2CCDE0DD3FEC28" box="[507,614,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFD72CDE0DC7DEC28" box="[677,804,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sventres">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFD72CDE0DC7DEC28" box="[677,804,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. sventres</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as orange
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFC65CDE0DB47EC28" box="[946,1054,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFC65CDE0DB47EC28" box="[946,1054,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), brown
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFB5BCDE0DA15EC28" box="[1164,1356,764,788]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="wiedenmayeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFB5BCDE0DA15EC28" box="[1164,1356,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. wiedenmayeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFA53CDE0DFAFEC04" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFA53CDE0DFAFEC04" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and orange
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C026FFEFFE5ECC3CDD5EEC04" box="[393,519,800,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="36" pageNumber="337" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="schmidti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C026FFEFFE5ECC3CDD5EEC04" box="[393,519,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="337">A. schmidti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |