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<document id="614C61F873175796197498B0E0DBF97D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4803.1.7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3908066" ID-ZooBank="3D8AE62D-7C4D-4E95-A56E-5CE441255E5E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1593082854816" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gómez, Patricia &amp; Calderón-Gutiérrez, Fernando" docDate="2020" docId="03DB8F4A7F1FFFA9FF36FBE3FE5E75FA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4803.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4803 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cinachyrella kuekenthali" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="139" masterDocId="FFE2F7327F12FFA7FFA1FFD1FFFE740D" masterDocTitle="Anchialine cave-dwelling sponge fauna (Porifera) from La Quebrada, Mexico with the description of the first Mexican stygobiont sponges" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="125" pageNumber="138" updateTime="1700277067819" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="A375D4EA46F0273C864674E1E5E640C9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="B7C7A73609C553404AF479218E7C0009">Anchialine cave-dwelling sponge fauna (Porifera) from La Quebrada, Mexico with the description of the first Mexican stygobiont sponges</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BB6D3B530F9DEDD7A276D9F39D0888F1">Gómez, Patricia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="898DFA08D3800E0E3D63BA10B4EAA95A">Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Ecología y Biodiversidad Acuática, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. Universitaria, CDMX México. C. P. 04510.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="94B76FC8E47E8B1263A95655F274BA8E">Calderón-Gutiérrez, Fernando</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6C72A4A91C0F63B96F0F2FD8968447DF">Department of Marine Biology, Texas A &amp; M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F05C0E71C90715B29BA03C07C1004AFB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B4E93BDB03DDCA63C41410D098339DFD">
<mods:date id="E0A67890D3D2A14177FB3DC8B75AB60C">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="025BCC34AD3AC90C9EF5A787C2E9550B">2020-06-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E659B29FBD5CD9A5A04D58DBEDD7B9B2">4803</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="932ADEE43D23E5B27F63EC6E1F207B91">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9388550E40FED7BBD0C6EF4145412765" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4803.1.7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E2AFA0830770921C90A1FF0EB0D218BF" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1CA1F224EE0A461F3F6300201C125622" type="Zenodo-Dep">3908066</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DB8F4A7F1FFFA9FF36FBE3FE5E75FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB8F4A7F1FFFA9FF36FBE3FE5E75FA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DB8F4A7F1FFFA9FF36FBE3FE5E75FA" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<subSubSection id="C3686DD77F1FFFAAFF36FBE3FD787041" box="[151,646,1074,1101]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1FFFAAFF36FBE3FD787041" blockId="13.[151,646,1074,1136]" box="[151,646,1074,1101]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<heading id="D08589307F1FFFAAFF36FBE3FD787041" bold="true" box="[151,646,1074,1101]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1FFFAAFF36FBE3FD787041" ID-CoL="VCQ7" authority="(Uliczka 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Uliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[151,646,1074,1101]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFF36FBE3FD787041" bold="true" box="[151,646,1074,1101]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFF36FBE3FE347040" bold="true" box="[151,458,1074,1101]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFE7BFBE3FD837041" author="Uliczka, E." box="[474,637,1074,1100]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" pagination="35 - 62" refId="ref16018" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise nach Westindien. zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik. Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, Supplement 16, 35 - 62." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka 1929</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686DD77F1FFFAAFF36FB87FE9A710D" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1FFFAAFF36FB87FF27707D" blockId="13.[151,646,1074,1136]" box="[151,217,1110,1136]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<figureCitation id="134922D97F1FFFAAFF36FB87FF27707D" box="[151,217,1110,1136]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1662]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Cinachyrellla kuekenthali (Uliczca, 1929). a) CNPGG‒1479 (ethanol); b) eggs setting around porocalice; c-d) choanosomal skeleton (cross section, LM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3908082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3908082/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1FFFAAFF36FB4CFE9A710D" blockId="13.[151,1436,1181,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFF36FB4CFE0570B5" bold="true" box="[151,507,1181,1208]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Synonymy and other records</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1FFFAAFDADFB4FFC1E70B5" authority="Uliczka, 1929: 43" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityPageNumber="43" authorityYear="1929" box="[524,992,1182,1208]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFDADFB4FFCF070B5" box="[524,782,1182,1208]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Cinachyra kuekenthali</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFCB9FB4FFC1E70B5" author="Uliczka, E." box="[792,992,1182,1208]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" pagination="35 - 62" refId="ref16018" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise nach Westindien. zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik. Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, Supplement 16, 35 - 62." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka, 1929:43</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1FFFAAFC4FFB4FFAF570B5" baseAuthorityName="Uliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[1006,1291,1182,1208]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFC4FFB4FFAF570B5" box="[1006,1291,1182,1208]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Ruetzler &amp;
<collectingRegion id="49B6F0BE7F1FFFAAFF36FB13FF2470D1" box="[151,218,1218,1244]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Smith</collectingRegion>
1992:154.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFEFAFB12FD5370D1" author="van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N." box="[347,685,1218,1245]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref16509" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">van Soest &amp; Stentoft 1988:42</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFD19FB13FC8E70D1" author="Gomez, P." box="[696,880,1218,1244]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" refId="ref13489" refString="Gomez, P. (2002) Esponjas marinas del Golfo de Mexico y el Caribe. AGT Editor, S. A., Mexico, D. F., 134 pp." type="book" year="2002">Gómez 2002:70</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFCDAFB13FB6170D1" box="[891,1183,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1FFFAAFCDAFB13FB6970D1" baseAuthorityName="Uliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[891,1175,1218,1244]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFB06FB13FF07710D" author="Calderon-Gutierrez, F. &amp; Sanchez-Ortiz, C. A. &amp; Huato-Soberanis, L." pageId="13" pageNumber="138" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref12938" refString="Calderon-Gutierrez, F., Sanchez-Ortiz, C. A. &amp; Huato-Soberanis, L. (2018) Ecological patterns in anchialine caves. PLOS ONE, 13, 1 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0202909" type="journal article" year="2018">
Calderón-Gutiérrez
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFA29FB12FF4A710D" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
:S3 Table.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686DD77F1FFFAAFF66FAD8FE617161" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1FFFAAFF66FAD8FE617161" blockId="13.[151,1436,1181,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFF66FAD8FE4C7129" bold="true" box="[199,434,1289,1316]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1A34017F1FFFAAFE1AFADBFE617161" collectingDate="2015-01-12" collectorName="La Quebrada &amp; F. Calderon-Gutierrez" country="Mexico" county="Depth" elevation="5" latitude="20.437984" location="Cenote" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-86.996506" municipality="Cozumel" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Quintana Roo">
CNPGG–1478, 1479, 1480,
<location id="8EAD68877F1FFFAAFD5FFADBFCB37129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB8F4A7F1FFFA9FF36FBE3FE5E75FA:8EAD68877F1FFFAAFD5FFADBFCB37129" box="[766,845,1290,1316]" country="Mexico" county="Depth" latitude="20.437984" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-86.996506" municipality="Cozumel" name="Cenote" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" stateProvince="Quintana Roo">Cenote</location>
S-1,
<collectorName id="26875B8A7F1FFFAAFC2DFADAFBE17129" box="[908,1055,1290,1317]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<location id="8EAD68877F1FFFAAFC2DFADAFBE17129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DB8F4A7F1FFFA9FF36FBE3FE5E75FA:8EAD68877F1FFFAAFC2DFADAFBE17129" box="[908,1055,1290,1317]" country="Mexico" county="Depth" latitude="20.437984" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-86.996506" municipality="Cozumel" name="La Quebrada" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" stateProvince="Quintana Roo">La Quebrada</location>
</collectorName>
anchialine cave,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA9A4267F1FFFAAFB47FADBFAB07129" box="[1254,1358,1290,1316]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Cozumel</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B6F0BE7F1FFFAAFAFAFADBFF037144" country="Mexico" name="Quintana Roo" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Quintana Roo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3657ECC7F1FFFAAFEA9FAFFFEA07145" box="[264,350,1326,1352]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE46589B7F1FFFAAFECCFAFCFDDE7145" box="[365,544,1325,1352]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" precision="1" seconds="16.75" value="20.437984">20°26’16.75’’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE46589B7F1FFFAAFD8AFAFCFD187145" box="[555,742,1325,1352]" degrees="86" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" precision="1" seconds="47.44" value="-86.996506">86°59’47.44’’W</geoCoordinate>
).
<collectingCounty id="62AC46D07F1FFFAAFD58FAFFFCC37145" box="[761,829,1326,1352]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Depth</collectingCounty>
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFCE5FAFCFC4F7144" box="[836,945,1325,1353]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="m" value="4.85" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="4.5">
<elevation id="005FD96F7F1FFFAAFCE5FAFCFC4F7144" box="[836,945,1325,1353]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="m" value="4.85" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="4.5">4.5-5.2 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCC189C7F1FFFAAFC1CFAFEFB817145" box="[957,1151,1325,1353]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" value="2015-01-12">
<collectingDate id="EF88E1747F1FFFAAFC1CFAFEFB817145" box="[957,1151,1325,1353]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" value="2015-01-12">January 12, 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
; coll.
<collectorName id="26875B8A7F1FFFAAFB60FAFEFF477160" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">F. Calderón-Gutiérrez</collectorName>
and German Yáñez.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686DD77F1FFFAAFF66FAA4FD767310" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1FFFAAFF66FAA4FC9071F1" blockId="13.[151,1436,1181,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFF66FAA4FEA7719D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1397,1424]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Description.</emphasis>
Subspherical shape,
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFDEFFAA7FD63719C" box="[590,669,1398,1425]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="cm" value="2.8">2.8 cm</quantity>
in diameter with
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFCCEFAA7FC40719C" box="[879,958,1398,1425]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="cm" value="2.2">2.2 cm</quantity>
high (
<figureCitation id="134922D97F1FFFAAFBADFAA7FB9F719D" box="[1036,1121,1398,1424]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1662]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Cinachyrellla kuekenthali (Uliczca, 1929). a) CNPGG‒1479 (ethanol); b) eggs setting around porocalice; c-d) choanosomal skeleton (cross section, LM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3908082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3908082/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Fig. 8a</figureCitation>
). Color yellow when alive, beige in alcohol. Surface strongly hispid owing to the protruding spicules up to
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFBB3FA4BFBAD71B8" box="[1042,1107,1434,1461]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
outside the body, with plenty detritus adhered to it. Porocalices mainly in the upper part measure
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFC2BFA6CFC0271D4" box="[906,1020,1469,1497]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5‒4 mm</quantity>
in diameter, around which numerous eggs are placed, 28‒65 ×
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFE17FA33FDD571F0" box="[438,555,1506,1533]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="46.0" valueMax="48.0" valueMin="44.0">44‒48 µm</quantity>
, (
<figureCitation id="134922D97F1FFFAAFD9EFA33FD6C71F0" box="[575,658,1506,1533]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1662]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Cinachyrellla kuekenthali (Uliczca, 1929). a) CNPGG‒1479 (ethanol); b) eggs setting around porocalice; c-d) choanosomal skeleton (cross section, LM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3908082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3908082/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Fig. 8b</figureCitation>
). Consistency firm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1FFFAAFF66F9D4FD897248" blockId="13.[151,1436,1181,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFF66F9D4FECB722D" bold="true" box="[199,309,1541,1568]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Skeleton.</emphasis>
A radially arranged skeleton, formed by thin tracts extending from the center to the surface; turning hairy in the ectosomal section (
<figureCitation id="134922D97F1FFFAAFE54F9FBFDBF7248" box="[501,577,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1662]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Cinachyrellla kuekenthali (Uliczca, 1929). a) CNPGG‒1479 (ethanol); b) eggs setting around porocalice; c-d) choanosomal skeleton (cross section, LM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3908082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3908082/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
c-d).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1FFFAAFF66F99CFDE372D8" blockId="13.[151,1436,1181,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFF66F99CFECE7265" bold="true" box="[199,304,1613,1640]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Spicules.</emphasis>
Large oxeas 1950‒4100 ×
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFDC5F99FFD117264" box="[612,751,1614,1641]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.04" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.08" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="30.4" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="20.8">20.8‒40 µm</quantity>
, several in stylote and strongylote modifications, protriaenes and prodiaenes with rhabds 2410‒4500 ×
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFDD4F9A3FD047280" box="[629,762,1650,1677]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.949999999999999" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="5.949999999999999" valueMax="7.8" valueMin="4.1">4.1‒7.8 µm</quantity>
, clads
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFCE8F9A0FC1C7280" box="[841,994,1649,1677]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.875" metricValueMax="10.05" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="78.75" valueMax="100.5" valueMin="57.0">57‒100.5 µm</quantity>
, uncommon anatriaenes two clad sizes
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFF36F947FEF072BC" box="[151,270,1686,1713]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="51.0" valueMax="62.0" valueMin="40.0">40‒62 µm</quantity>
, abundant crenulated microxeas straight or center-angulated shaft 78‒139.8 ×
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFB2FF947FAED72BC" box="[1166,1299,1686,1713]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="3.55" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="2.7">2.7‒4.4 µm</quantity>
, and micro- spined sigmaspires,
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFEDBF96BFDE672D8" box="[378,536,1722,1749]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" metricValueMax="2.18" metricValueMin="1.14" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="16.6" valueMax="21.8" valueMin="11.4">11.4‒21.8 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1FFFAAFF66F90CFD767310" blockId="13.[151,1436,1181,2037]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFF66F90CFE0F72F5" bold="true" box="[199,497,1757,1784]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
Open reef:
<collectingRegion id="49B6F0BE7F1FFFAAFDDAF90FFCDB72F5" box="[635,805,1758,1784]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3657ECC7F1FFFAAFC96F90FFCA172F5" box="[823,863,1758,1784]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">US</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3657ECC7F1FFFAAFCD4F90FFC2172F5" box="[885,991,1758,1784]" name="Bahamas" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
; Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F3657ECC7F1FFFAAFBE9F90FFB5E72F5" box="[1096,1184,1758,1784]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, Greater Caribbean to
<collectingCountry id="F3657ECC7F1FFFAAFF36F8D3FF217311" box="[151,223,1794,1820]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. Anchialine cave: Cozumel (
<collectingCountry id="F3657ECC7F1FFFAAFD81F8D3FD827310" box="[544,636,1794,1821]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Mexico</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686DD77F1FFFA9FF66F8F7FDD974F6" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1FFFA9FF66F8F7FDD974F6" blockId="13.[151,1436,1181,2037]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,153,503]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFF66F8F7FED2734D" bold="true" box="[199,300,1830,1856]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Ecology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1FFFAAFE92F8F7FDB2734D" baseAuthorityName="Uliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[307,588,1830,1856]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFE92F8F7FDB2734D" box="[307,588,1830,1856]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a common species in open waters and coral reef environments at
<quantity id="4C8A93B97F1FFFAAFAE6F8F7FA62734C" box="[1351,1436,1830,1857]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" unit="m" value="12.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="4.0">4‒20 m</quantity>
depth, inhabiting reef lagoons and slopes at the east side of the Yucatan Peninsula (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFB9CF89BFB257369" author="Gomez, P." box="[1085,1243,1866,1892]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" refId="ref13489" refString="Gomez, P. (2002) Esponjas marinas del Golfo de Mexico y el Caribe. AGT Editor, S. A., Mexico, D. F., 134 pp." type="book" year="2002">Gómez, 2002</bibRefCitation>
). It has also been observed in marine caves (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFE61F8BFFD6B7385" author="Rutzler, K. &amp; Piantoni, C. &amp; Soest, R. W. M. van &amp; Diaz, M. C." box="[448,661,1902,1929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref15498" refString="Rutzler, K., Piantoni, C., Soest, R. W. M. van &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2014) Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay. Zootaxa, 3805 (1), 1 - 129. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3805.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
Rützler
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFDBAF8BEFDB27385" box="[539,588,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFD01F8BFFC867385" author="Slattery, M. &amp; Gochfeld, D. J. &amp; Easson, C. G. &amp; O'Donahue, L. R. K." box="[672,888,1902,1929]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" pagination="71 - 86" refId="ref15744" refString="Slattery, M., Gochfeld, D. J., Easson, C. G. &amp; O'Donahue, L. R. K. (2013) Facilitation of coral reef biodiversity and health by cave sponge communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 476, 71 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 10139" type="journal article" year="2013">
Slattery
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFD5FF8BEFCD17385" box="[766,815,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
), and at the anchialine caves La Quebrada and El Aerolito, Cozumel (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFED4F843FD2C73A1" author="Calderon-Gutierrez, F. &amp; Sanchez-Ortiz, C. A. &amp; Huato-Soberanis, L." box="[373,722,1938,1965]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref12938" refString="Calderon-Gutierrez, F., Sanchez-Ortiz, C. A. &amp; Huato-Soberanis, L. (2018) Ecological patterns in anchialine caves. PLOS ONE, 13, 1 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0202909" type="journal article" year="2018">
Calderón-Gutiérrez
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFDF6F842FD7673A1" box="[599,648,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). The presence of larvae in our samples suggests that
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1FFFAAFA84F842FF3473DD" baseAuthorityName="Uliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1929" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFA84F842FAC673A0" box="[1317,1336,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFAE4F843FF3473DD" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">kuekenthali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reproducing inside the cave environment (
<figureCitation id="134922D97F1FFFAAFD1CF867FCEE73DC" box="[701,784,1974,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1637,1662]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1435,525,1612]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Cinachyrellla kuekenthali (Uliczca, 1929). a) CNPGG‒1479 (ethanol); b) eggs setting around porocalice; c-d) choanosomal skeleton (cross section, LM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3908082" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3908082/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">Fig. 8b</figureCitation>
). No individuals fell inside the transects of the quantitative survey, indicating a low population size (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1FFFAAFDFEF80BFC4273F9" author="Calderon-Gutierrez, F. &amp; Sanchez-Ortiz, C. A. &amp; Huato-Soberanis, L." box="[607,956,2010,2036]" pageId="13" pageNumber="138" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref12938" refString="Calderon-Gutierrez, F., Sanchez-Ortiz, C. A. &amp; Huato-Soberanis, L. (2018) Ecological patterns in anchialine caves. PLOS ONE, 13, 1 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0202909" type="journal article" year="2018">
Calderón-Gutiérrez
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1FFFAAFCE0F80AFC8773F9" box="[833,889,2010,2036]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
). The only congener living in an anchialine cave is
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1CFFA9FF48FF48FE3E74BE" baseAuthorityName="Uliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[233,448,153,179]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="apion">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1CFFA9FF48FF48FE3E74BE" box="[233,448,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Cinachyrella apion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
quoted by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1CFFA9FD98FF48FCC074BE" author="van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Sass, D." box="[569,830,153,179]" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" pagination="332 - 344" refId="ref16468" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Sass, D. (1981) Marine sponges from an island cave on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. Bijdragen Tot de Dierkunde, 51, 332 - 344." type="journal article" year="1981">van Soest &amp; Sass (1981</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1CFFA9FCC0FF48FB9A74BE" authorityName="van Soest &amp; Sass" authorityYear="1981" box="[865,1124,153,179]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="subterranea">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1CFFA9FCC0FF48FB9A74BE" box="[865,1124,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Cinachyra subterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in San Salvador,
<collectingCountry id="F3657ECC7F1CFFA9FA8EFF48FA6774BE" box="[1327,1433,153,179]" name="Bahamas" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1CFFA9FE95FF6CFD0A74DA" authority="(Uliczka, 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Uliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[308,756,189,215]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alloclada">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1CFFA9FE95FF6CFDC674DA" box="[308,568,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Cinachyrella alloclada</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1CFFA9FDE8FF6CFD1274DA" author="Uliczka, E." box="[585,748,189,215]" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" pagination="35 - 62" refId="ref16018" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise nach Westindien. zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik. Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, Supplement 16, 35 - 62." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka, 1929</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded in marine caves of
<collectingCountry id="F3657ECC7F1CFFA9FB17FF6CFAE374DA" box="[1206,1309,189,215]" name="Bermuda" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3657ECC7F1CFFA9FAF9FF6CFA6274DA" box="[1368,1436,189,215]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1CFFA9FF3EFF30FEC874F6" author="Rutzler, K." box="[159,310,225,251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" pagination="211 - 271" refId="ref15344" refString="Rutzler, K. (2012) The role of sponges in the Mesoamerican Barrier-Reef ecosystem, Belize. In: Becerro, M. A., Uriz, M. M. &amp; Turon, X. (Eds.), Advances in Sponge Science: Phylogeny, Systematics, Ecology. Academic Press, London, pp. 211 - 271. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 387787 - 1.00002 - 7" type="book chapter" year="2012">Rützler 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1CFFA9FEE0FF30FDE574F6" author="Slattery, M. &amp; Gochfeld, D. J. &amp; Easson, C. G. &amp; O'Donahue, L. R. K." box="[321,539,225,251]" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" pagination="71 - 86" refId="ref15744" refString="Slattery, M., Gochfeld, D. J., Easson, C. G. &amp; O'Donahue, L. R. K. (2013) Facilitation of coral reef biodiversity and health by cave sponge communities. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 476, 71 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 10139" type="journal article" year="2013">
Slattery
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1CFFA9FE3EFF33FE2974F6" box="[415,471,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3686DD77F1CFFA9FF66FED4FE5E75FA" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCD3E5C7F1CFFA9FF66FED4FE5E75FA" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,503]" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1CFFA9FF66FED4FECA7512" bold="true" box="[199,308,261,287]" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Remarks</emphasis>
. The present material is identical to
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1CFFA9FD74FED4FC0E7512" baseAuthorityName="Uliczka" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[725,1008,261,287]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kuekenthali">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1CFFA9FD74FED4FC0E7512" box="[725,1008,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Cinachyrella kuekenthali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
owing to the roughened microxeas, a particular trait of the species along with the other morphological traits. The external morphology among the four Caribbean
<taxonomicName id="4C7245DF7F1CFFA9FEB2FE9CFE5A756A" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1925" box="[275,420,333,359]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyrella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1CFFA9FEB2FE9CFE5A756A" box="[275,420,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Cinachyrella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species is apparently alike owing to their sub-spherical body, strongly hispid surface and porocalices on top, standing out for the possession of the additional spicule and general measurements of each one. The studied specimens did not have any visible adaptation to the anchialine cave environment, compared to those from other studies (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1CFFA9FED1FE68FD6575DE" author="van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N." box="[368,667,441,467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref16509" refString="van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">van Soest &amp; Stentoft 1988</bibRefCitation>
; Ruetzler &amp;
<collectingRegion id="49B6F0BE7F1CFFA9FC89FE68FC9575DE" box="[808,875,441,467]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">Smith</collectingRegion>
1992;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE343AD7F1CFFA9FC16FE68FB8575DE" author="Hajdu, E. &amp; Peixinho, S. &amp; Fernandez J. C. C." box="[951,1147,441,467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="139" pagination="1 - 276" refId="ref13604" refString="Hajdu, E., Peixinho, S. &amp; Fernandez J. C. C. (2011) Esponjas marinhas da Bahia-Guia de campo e laboratorio. Serie Livros Museu Nacional / UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, 45, 1 - 276." type="journal article" year="2011">
Hajdu
<emphasis id="B906E24E7F1CFFA9FBA3FE6BFBCD75DE" box="[1026,1075,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="139">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
), collected from reefs and open sea environments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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