789 lines
94 KiB
XML
789 lines
94 KiB
XML
<document id="434C546C779DA5D9702F88797FA0E876" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2009n3a11" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5398171" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630327747941" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Robillard, Tony" docDate="2009" docId="03BDFA319D16FF873E3DFB2FFB47B01C" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2009.31.3.577-618.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 31 (3)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2009n3a11" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD.3:Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleId="E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Cardiodactylus tankara Robillard 2009, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="597" masterDocId="FF8482499D06FF933D32FFC2FFDBB534" masterDocTitle="Eneopterinae crickets (Insecta, Orthoptera, Grylloidea) from Vanuatu" masterLastPageNumber="618" masterPageNumber="577" pageNumber="593" updateTime="1699229212921" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="F1FBCEBC7785CD6063AC9F16062501D3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DCC3CD7F342781EE8F8D033EF156C313">
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<mods:title id="01E8FB028417C956F349CB92F91866CA">Eneopterinae crickets (Insecta, Orthoptera, Grylloidea) from Vanuatu</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="1A0B945A93FC5D625A50643E37D07A1A" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D788BF9BAF84CD2C51F39ADF5FF31E96">
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<mods:roleTerm id="10C86597F6529BA03AFE22AF135E6019">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E985DFF845AD0891891DD56F207B78A6">Robillard, Tony</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CD504DC927F8B50DA47A4ACF3552538D">Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, UMR 7205 CNRS, OSEB, Entomologie, case postale 50, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) robillar @ mnhn. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="53C3C9D9EB5DFED84C231D47AD01C063" type="email">robillar@mnhn.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F5420F791925C237CA3158A078508D9D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="84C738EDE8906CF1F9276BAFFE17C1FB">
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<mods:title id="E895D089A6C15D1CB8FB9624CF7FB20A">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="977386D11CC7AC6F92EB40F09BD34501">
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<mods:date id="B1EEB955F052B6EC2B5F789B3D21A029">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6DCA70A424CBF14AEB6E9FB33DF42CFF" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="F85D63C988A2C098D6AC2065E8015438">2009-09-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="206DFC0578F1A6818AC026A82C86A3BC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D6A8889E372DE69A25E376574D3A2098">31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="B1E433D1F5062C6793ABA5FB5911DD2E" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="4AB393596AC7450489B7A4480434EB39">3</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="7012E00F44BBB28C5038737D1EF76862" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="ED24F984F482BAC44C5E7324F3A3B37B">577</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="D64D5BB97B4B9594251965EC1F5DCF9F">618</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="1A29163B925E8B5344D19E9A0E9199C9">
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<mods:url id="6116A5522F7226026CF064442193BCB1">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2009n3a11</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="1C674710C2BA13DE0A64AB59A26B3DE2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="04750758B49EFCFFFC7EB62921011676" type="DOI">10.5252/z2009n3a11</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2B0B4744998D58E289C80CE97F0E88DC" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3600F57C4A67440C50BA826BF199CC96" type="Zenodo-Dep">5398171</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03BDFA319D16FF873E3DFB2FFB47B01C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BDFA319D16FF873E3DFB2FFB47B01C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BDFA319D16FF873E3DFB2FFB47B01C" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="597" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">
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<subSubSection id="C30E18AC9D16FF833E3DFB2FFB8BB03C" box="[783,1104,1261,1288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D16FF833E3DFB2FFB8BB03C" blockId="16.[783,1104,1261,1288]" box="[783,1104,1261,1288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">
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<heading id="D0E3FC4B9D16FF833E3DFB2FFB8BB03C" box="[783,1104,1261,1288]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" reason="2">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D16FF833E3DFB2FFBD5B03C" ID-CoL="R5F3" authority="Robillard, 2009" authorityName="Robillard" authorityYear="2009" box="[783,1038,1261,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tankara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D16FF833E3DFB2FFBD5B03C" bold="true" box="[783,1038,1261,1288]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">Cardiodactylus tankara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2532A4E9D16FF833927FB2FFB8BB03C" box="[1045,1104,1261,1288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E18AC9D16FF833E2BFACFFCE9B0A8" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D16FF833E2BFACFFBEFB07C" blockId="16.[793,1093,1293,1352]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">
|
||
<heading id="D0E3FC4B9D16FF833E2BFACFFBEFB07C" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" reason="2">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D16FF833E12FACFFC40B01C" box="[800,923,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[113,124,1391,1408]" captionTargetBox="[115,1206,215,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-152@8.[585,673,765,858]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 1. — Male FW venation in dorsal and lateral views:A, B, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte,2007;C, D, C. tankara n. sp.; E, F, Lebinthus santoensis n. sp.; G, H, L. nattawa n. sp. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398173/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">Figs 1C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D16FF833E95FACFFC12B01C" box="[935,969,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[117,1204,215,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-12@11.[116,1204,214,1633]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 3. — SEM view of stridulatory file: A, Cardiodactylus tankara n. sp.; B, Lebinthus santoensis n. sp.; C, C. enkraussi Otte, 2007; D, L. nattawa n. sp. Photos: S. Hugel. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398179" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398179/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">3A</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D16FF833EE6FACFFC39B01C" box="[980,994,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[120,1191,219,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-17@12.[117,1213,216,1551]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 4. — Male genitalia:A-C, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte,2007,in ventral (A), dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views;D, E, C. pentecotensis n. sp., in ventral (D) and lateral (E) views; F-H, C. tankara n. sp., in ventral (F), dorsal (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398181/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">4</figureCitation>
|
||
F-H; 5B; 6B; 7J-L; 8; 15; 17D, E)
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D16FF833F97FAABFCE9B0A8" blockId="16.[677,1210,1385,1436]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D16FF833F97FAABFC8BB0B5" box="[677,848,1385,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D16FF833F97FAABFCEBB0B5" box="[677,816,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">Cardiodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– Robillard
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D16FF833EFAFAA8FC2DB0B5" box="[968,1014,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007: 1254 (calling song analysis).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E18AC9D16FF823F97FA7AFF22B0F6" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="594" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D16FF833F97FA7AFCF7B35A" blockId="16.[675,1212,1463,1699]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7C417A9D16FF833F97FA7AFCF7B35A" collectingDate="2006-10-13" collectionCode="MNHN-" collectorName="Espiritu Santo Is. & de Tankara & T. Robillard" country="Vanuatu" elevation="600" latitude="-15.365556" location="Butmas" longLatPrecision="892" longitude="166.98334" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" specimenCode="ENSIF2409" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sanma" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
TYPE MATERIAL. —
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AFF5859D16FF833E64FA75FC6AB0FB" box="[854,945,1463,1487]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D16FF833E8AFA75FBD5B0FB" bold="true" box="[952,1038,1463,1487]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3030BB79D16FF833E8AFA75FBD1B0FB" box="[952,1034,1463,1487]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[Province
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D085C59D16FF83395FFA75FB6AB0FB" box="[1133,1201,1463,1487]" country="Vanuatu" name="Sanma" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">Sanma</collectingRegion>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectorName id="26E12EF19D16FF833F91FA10FC90B0DE" box="[675,843,1490,1514]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">Espiritu Santo Is.</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8ECB1DFC9D16FF833E67FA10FC79B0DE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BDFA319D16FF873E3DFB2FFB47B01C:8ECB1DFC9D16FF833E67FA10FC79B0DE" box="[853,930,1490,1514]" country="Vanuatu" latitude="-15.365556" longLatPrecision="892" longitude="166.98334" name="Butmas" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" stateProvince="Sanma">Butmas</location>
|
||
, forêt du plateau
|
||
<collectorName id="26E12EF19D16FF83397AFA10FB6FB0DE" box="[1096,1204,1490,1514]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">de Tankara</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE202DE09D16FF833F91FA2EFCC1B330" box="[675,794,1516,1540]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-15.365556">15°21’56’’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE202DE09D16FF833E15FA2EFC5CB330" box="[807,903,1516,1540]" degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" precision="925" value="166.98334">166°59’E</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="4CECE6C29D16FF833EA6FA2EFC03B330" box="[916,984,1516,1540]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" unit="m" value="600.0">
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<elevation id="0039AC149D16FF833EA6FA2EFC03B330" box="[916,984,1516,1540]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
alt.,
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D16FF83393DFA2EFBA6B330" box="[1039,1149,1516,1540]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" value="2006-10-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEE940F9D16FF83393DFA2EFBA6B330" box="[1039,1149,1516,1540]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" value="2006-10-13">13.X.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, jour, 12AM,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D16FF833FC7F9C8FCD2B32A" box="[757,777,1546,1566]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-1), sur plante de sous-bois, sur tronc à h =
|
||
<quantity id="4CECE6C29D16FF833FD2F9E3FCD1B30D" box="[736,778,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" unit="m" value="2.0">
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<elevation id="0039AC149D16FF833FD2F9E3FCD1B30D" box="[736,778,1569,1593]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, forte pente, enregistrement (chant d’appel) TR-take 16, photo + vidéo site SH,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E12EF19D16FF833EDAF9FEFB8DB360" box="[1000,1110,1596,1620]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">T. Robillard</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05D3E29D16FF833953F9FEFB61B360" box="[1121,1210,1596,1620]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">MNHN-</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="DBB2E35C9D16FF833F97F994FCFAB35A" box="[677,801,1622,1646]" collectionCode="MNHN-" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">ENSIF2409</specimenCode>
|
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).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D16FF823F97F9B3FDA2B43D" blockId="16.[675,1212,1463,1699]" lastBlockId="17.[111,648,215,847]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="594" pageId="16" pageNumber="593">
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<materialsCitation id="3B7C417A9D16FF823F97F9B3FDA2B43D" collectingDate="2006-10-16" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="594" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AFF5859D16FF833F97F9B3FCD9B3BD" box="[677,770,1649,1673]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: same locality and collector as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AFF5859D16FF833964F9B3FB6EB3BD" box="[1110,1205,1649,1673]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D16FF833F97F949FCCBB397" box="[677,784,1675,1699]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" value="2006-10-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEE940F9D16FF833F97F949FCCBB397" box="[677,784,1675,1699]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" value="2006-10-16">16.X.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, nuit, 6-10PM,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D16FF833E81F94CFC1FB396" box="[947,964,1678,1698]" pageId="16" pageNumber="593" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-128), sur plante de sous-bois, vidéo TR-V4 de ponte en semi-captivité, obs. copulation avec
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823C3CFF37FEF9B43D" box="[270,290,245,265]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-127) (MNHN-ENSIF2410).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF823D43FECEFF35B67B" blockId="17.[111,648,215,847]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7C417A9D17FF823D43FECEFDDEB46D" collectingDate="2006-10" collectorName="Santo" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="9" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AFF5859D17FF823D43FECEFF16B410" box="[113,205,268,292]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823DE8FECEFECCB417" box="[218,279,268,292]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">9 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823C11FECEFE81B417" box="[291,346,268,292]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
): same locality and collector as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AFF5859D17FF823D43FEE4FF12B40A" box="[113,201,294,318]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823DE0FEE4FEC4B40A" box="[210,287,294,318]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEE940F9D17FF823DE0FEE4FEC4B40A" box="[210,287,294,318]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10">X.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, adulte en élevage, souche F0, élevage
|
||
<collectorName id="26E12EF19D17FF823D42FE83FF71B46D" box="[112,170,321,345]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Santo</collectorName>
|
||
TR,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823DD1FE83FED6B46C" box="[227,269,321,345]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(MNHN-ENSIF2432)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823F20FE83FD59B46D" box="[530,642,321,345]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-13">13.X.2006</date>
|
||
, jour, 7-11AM,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823C39FE99FEEEB446" box="[267,309,347,371]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-57), sur plante de sous-bois, sur fougère à h =
|
||
<quantity id="4CECE6C29D17FF823C2AFEB4FE9AB4BA" box="[280,321,374,398]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
, enregistrement en semi-captivité (chant d’appel) TR-takes 24, 26-30;
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823CD3FE52FD96B49C" box="[481,589,400,424]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-13">13.X.2006</date>
|
||
, jour, 12AM,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823D8FFE69FF39B4F6" box="[189,226,427,451]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-2), sur plante de sous-bois, sur fougère, fauchage, h = 1,5 m, enregistrement TR-takes 17-19;
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823D41FE22FF04B4CC" box="[115,223,480,504]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-14">14.X.2006</date>
|
||
, jour, 12AM,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823C42FE22FE41B4C3" box="[368,410,480,504]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-70), sur plante de sous-bois, fougère h = 2,5 m, photo SH, obs. chant d’appel;
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823DF4FDD6FEE9B718" box="[198,306,532,556]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-16">16.X.2006</date>
|
||
, nuit, 6-10PM,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823CE2FDD6FE2CB718" box="[464,503,532,556]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-122), sur plante de sous-bois;
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823C0FFDEDFE72B773" box="[317,425,559,583]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-16">16.X.2006</date>
|
||
, nuit,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823CDEFDEDFDC3B772" box="[492,536,559,583]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-125), sur plante, vidéo TR-V1,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823C56FD8BFE52B754" box="[356,393,585,609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-126), sur plante,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823F52FD8BFD5DB754" box="[608,646,585,609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-145), sur plante de sous-bois h =
|
||
<quantity id="4CECE6C29D17FF823CFEFDA6FE28B748" box="[460,499,612,636]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823CC8FDA6FDFBB74F" box="[506,544,612,636]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-130), sur plante de sous-bois/fougère h = 1,5 m, terrain en pente et 2 ind. proches, enregistrement en milieu naturel (chant d’appel), TR-take 22,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823CB4FD71FE74B7FE" box="[390,431,691,715]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-128’, alcool), sur plante, PIII: molec TR;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7C417A9D17FF823C7DFD0CFF31B67B" collectingDate="2006-10-17" location="Santo" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823C7DFD0CFE63B7D2" box="[335,440,718,742]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEE940F9D17FF823C7DFD0CFE63B7D2" box="[335,440,718,742]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-17">17.X.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, nuit,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823CC1FD0CFDC3B7D1" box="[499,536,718,742]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-145’), sur plante, souche F0 élevage TR
|
||
<location id="8ECB1DFC9D17FF823C9DFD2AFE32B634" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BDFA319D16FF873E3DFB2FFB47B01C:8ECB1DFC9D17FF823C9DFD2AFE32B634" box="[431,489,744,768]" name="Santo" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Santo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823CC0FD2AFDC0B7CB" box="[498,539,744,768]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-146), herbes hautes en bord de piste, sur fougère h = 1,5 m, chant d’appel: vidéo SH (MNHN-ENSIF2411-2414, 2416-2422)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF823D43FCAAFE31B6AF" blockId="17.[113,646,872,923]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
TYPE LOCALITY. —
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3030BB79D17FF823C1CFCAAFE58B6B4" box="[302,387,872,896]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Espiritu Santo Is., plateau of Tankara, near the village of Butmas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF823D43FC76FF22B0F6" blockId="17.[111,648,947,1474]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7C417A9D17FF823D43FC76FF2AB101" collectingDate="2006-10-16" country="Vanuatu" county="Espiritu Santo Is." elevation="600" latitude="-15.365556" location="Tankara" longLatPrecision="892" longitude="166.98334" municipality="Butmas" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Sanma">
|
||
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D17FF823CF0FC71FDC4B6FF" bold="true" box="[450,543,947,971]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3030BB79D17FF823CF0FC71FDC1B6FF" box="[450,538,947,971]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
[Province
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D085C59D17FF823D41FC0CFF61B6D2" box="[115,186,974,998]" country="Vanuatu" name="Sanma" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Sanma</collectingRegion>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62CA33AB9D17FF823DFBFC0CFEA8B6D2" box="[201,371,974,998]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Espiritu Santo Is.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCFD15D9D17FF823C4EFC0CFE12B6D2" box="[380,457,974,998]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Butmas</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, forêt du plateau de
|
||
<location id="8ECB1DFC9D17FF823D43FC2AFF19B134" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BDFA319D16FF873E3DFB2FFB47B01C:8ECB1DFC9D17FF823D43FC2AFF19B134" box="[113,194,1000,1024]" country="Vanuatu" county="Espiritu Santo Is." latitude="-15.365556" longLatPrecision="892" longitude="166.98334" municipality="Butmas" name="Tankara" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" stateProvince="Sanma">Tankara</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE202DE09D17FF823DF8FC2AFEE0B134" box="[202,315,1000,1024]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-15.365556">15°21’56’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE202DE09D17FF823C77FC2AFE78B134" box="[325,419,1000,1024]" degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" precision="925" value="166.98334">166°59’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CECE6C29D17FF823C99FC2AFE32B134" box="[427,489,1000,1024]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" unit="m" value="600.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0039AC149D17FF823C99FC2AFE32B134" box="[427,489,1000,1024]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
alt.,
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823F25FC2AFD59B134" box="[535,642,1000,1024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEE940F9D17FF823F25FC2AFD59B134" box="[535,642,1000,1024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-16">16.X.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, nuit, 6-10PM,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823C39FBC1FE93B12E" box="[267,328,1027,1051]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
juv. (TR-123, 131), sur plante de sous-bois
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823DCFFBDFFEFCB100" box="[253,295,1053,1077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-124), sur plante de sous-bois h = 1,8 m, vidéo TR-V2 5h30PM avant la tombée de la nuit;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7C417A9D17FF823D8DFB90FEB4B1DA" collectingDate="2006-10-15" collectingDateMax="2006-10-17" collectingDateMin="2006-10-15" collectorName="T. Robillard & Butmas" country="Vanuatu" latitude="-15.331" location="Grotte de Fapon" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="166.96489" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Sanma">
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823D8DFB90FEF1B15E" box="[191,298,1106,1130]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEE940F9D17FF823D8DFB90FEF1B15E" box="[191,298,1106,1130]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-17">17.X.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, nuit,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823C59FB90FE79B15E" box="[363,418,1106,1130]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="generic">1 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-142),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823F27FB90FD94B15E" box="[533,591,1106,1130]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="generic">1 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
, forêt de brume, sur plante de sous-bois h = 0,8 m feuille de liane,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E12EF19D17FF823D9EFB45FEF9B1AB" box="[172,290,1159,1183]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">T. Robillard</collectorName>
|
||
(MNHN-ENSIF2415, 2423-2425, 2566). —
|
||
<collectorName id="26E12EF19D17FF823DE3FB63FEC1B18D" box="[209,282,1185,1209]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Butmas</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8ECB1DFC9D17FF823C10FB63FE63B18D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BDFA319D16FF873E3DFB2FFB47B01C:8ECB1DFC9D17FF823C10FB63FE63B18D" box="[290,440,1185,1209]" country="Vanuatu" latitude="-15.331" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="166.96489" name="Grotte de Fapon" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" stateProvince="Sanma">Grotte de Fapon</location>
|
||
/sentier,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE202DE09D17FF823F36FB63FD5FB18D" box="[516,644,1185,1209]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" precision="1" seconds="51,6" value="-15.331">15°19’51,6’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE202DE09D17FF823D5DFB7EFEDEB1E0" box="[111,261,1212,1236]" degrees="166" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" precision="1" seconds="53,6" value="166.96489">166°57’53,6’’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, forêt dans la doline,
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823CD2FB7EFD97B1E0" box="[480,588,1212,1236]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEE940F9D17FF823CD2FB7EFD97B1E0" box="[480,588,1212,1236]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-15">15.X.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, jour,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823D41FB14FF72B1DA" box="[115,169,1238,1262]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="generic">1 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-78), sur plante
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7C417A9D17FF823C4AFB14FF3BB092" collectingDate="2006-10-13" collectingDateMax="2006-10-15" collectingDateMin="2006-10-13" collectorName="T. Robillard & Grandcolas" country="Vanuatu" location="Reared" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Sanma">
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823C4AFB14FE38B1DA" box="[376,483,1238,1262]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEE940F9D17FF823C4AFB14FE38B1DA" box="[376,483,1238,1262]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-15">15.X.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, jour, 10-12AM,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823D43FB33FF72B03D" box="[113,169,1265,1289]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="generic">1 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
(TR-114), zone ouverte, sur plante de sous-bois h = 0,5 m,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823DEAFAC9FF20B016" box="[216,251,1291,1315]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
juv. (TR-77), sur plante, PIII molec.TR,
|
||
<collectorName id="26E12EF19D17FF823D42FAE4FF3AB00A" box="[112,225,1318,1342]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">T. Robillard</collectorName>
|
||
(MNHN-ENSIF2426-2428) —
|
||
<date id="FFAA6DE79D17FF823F29FAE4FD5AB00A" box="[539,641,1318,1342]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEE940F9D17FF823F29FAE4FD5AB00A" box="[539,641,1318,1342]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" value="2006-10-13">13.X.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, nuit,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823D92FA82FF13B063" box="[160,200,1344,1368]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
juv. (nº 22), sur plante de sous-bois, L. Desutter-
|
||
<collectorName id="26E12EF19D17FF823D43FA98FF01B046" box="[113,218,1370,1394]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Grandcolas</collectorName>
|
||
(MNHN-ENSIF2429).—
|
||
<location id="8ECB1DFC9D17FF823CECFA98FDC5B046" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BDFA319D16FF873E3DFB2FFB47B01C:8ECB1DFC9D17FF823CECFA98FDC5B046" box="[478,542,1370,1394]" country="Vanuatu" name="Reared" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" stateProvince="Sanma">Reared</location>
|
||
specimens: F1, 2006-2007,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823C37FAB7FE9BB0B8" box="[261,320,1397,1421]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(2 recorded, MNHN-ENSIF2430, 2431),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823D85FA4DFF3BB092" box="[183,224,1423,1447]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7C417A9D17FF823DDCFA4DFF2EB0F6" collectionCode="MNHN-" country="Vanuatu" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" specimenCode="ENSIF2433" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sanma">
|
||
F2, 2007-2008,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D17FF823CA2FA4DFE61B092" box="[400,442,1423,1447]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(recorded,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED05D3E29D17FF823F19FA4DFD5DB093" box="[555,646,1423,1447]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">MNHN-</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB2E35C9D17FF823D43FA68FF35B0F6" box="[113,238,1450,1474]" collectionCode="MNHN-" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">ENSIF2433</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E18AC9D17FF823D43FA19FEF7B313" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF823D43FA19FEF7B313" blockId="17.[113,647,1498,1575]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
ETYMOLOGY. — Species named after the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AFF5859D17FF823F38FA18FDEFB0C6" box="[522,564,1498,1522]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, plateau of Tankara, near the village of Butmas, Espiritu Santo Is.,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3030BB79D17FF823DE0F9CDFEF3B313" box="[210,296,1551,1575]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E18AC9D17FF823D43F982FD5EB36C" box="[113,645,1600,1624]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF823D43F982FD5EB36C" blockId="17.[113,645,1600,1624]" box="[113,645,1600,1624]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION. —
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3030BB79D17FF823C18F982FEA4B36C" box="[298,383,1600,1624]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Espiritu Santo Is., inland.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E18AC9D17FF823D43F9B3FB97B447" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF823D43F9B3FB97B447" blockId="17.[113,647,1648,1699]" lastBlockId="17.[675,1210,215,371]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS. — Species close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D17FF823CA8F9B2FD5CB3BC" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[410,647,1648,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheesmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D17FF823CA8F9B2FD5CB3BC" box="[410,647,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Cardiodactylus cheesmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but differing by colouration darker. Size average, larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D17FF823FE6FF15FC9BB5DB" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[724,832,215,239]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enkraussi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D17FF823FE6FF15FC9BB5DB" box="[724,832,215,239]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">C. enkraussi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, shape more stocky than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D17FF823915FF15FB61B5DB" baseAuthorityName="Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1063,1210,215,239]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D17FF823915FF15FB61B5DB" box="[1063,1210,215,239]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">C. novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D17FF823F9BFF33FD3DB43D" box="[681,742,241,265]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[324,335,1547,1564]" captionTargetBox="[114,1207,217,1520]" captionTargetId="figure-17@18.[113,1210,214,1523]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 8. — Cardiodactylus tankara n. sp., male habitus, paratype. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398191" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398191/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D17FF823FC0FF33FCC0B43D" box="[754,795,241,265]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[113,124,1421,1438]" captionTargetBox="[129,1193,215,1374]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[129,667,692,1087]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 17.— A-C, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte, 2007:A, habitat in Vatthé conservation area,Espiritu Santo,Vanuatu,adults on (night) or under (day) plant leaves, or in leaf litter (day) (yellow arrows); B, male on plant leaf in Vatthé (night), Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu; C, female hiding in leaf litter in Vatthé (day), Espiritu Santo,Vanuatu; D, E, C.tankara n. sp.; D, habitat in Butmas,Espiritu Santo,Vanuatu,primary forest on Plateau de Tankara, adults on large plant leaves (yellow arrow); E, male on plant leaf by day in Butmas. Photos: T. Robillard (A, TR80; B, TR76; C, TR82) and S. Hugel (D, SH-14x06a; E, SH-14X06a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398215" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398215/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">17E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male FW generally without a clear light crescent including posterior part of mirror; male genitalia close to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D17FF823E0AFEE5FC69B40A" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[824,946,294,318]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheesmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D17FF823E0AFEE5FC69B40A" box="[824,946,294,318]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">C. cheesmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differing by the shape of the pseudepiphallic sclerite (dorsal crest asymmetrical, basal protuberance near median shrinkage).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30E18AC9D17FF873F97FE54FB47B01C" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="597" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF823F97FE54FCEEB49A" blockId="17.[674,1212,406,1447]" box="[677,821,406,432]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF823F97FE74FC0CB093" blockId="17.[674,1212,406,1447]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
Size average, stocky shape. General colouration dark brown, a few specimens lighter, with contrasted yellow or whitish patterns on dorsum and face. Scapes whitish with two dark brown spots, on inner sides and face; antennae homogeneously brown basally and including light areas. Head dorsum with 3 wide dark brown bands, bordered by a thin band behind eye and a yellow line more externally. Fastigium twice as long as wide, dark brown posteriorly, its apex yellow around dark median ocellus. Face with two more or less distinct dark brown curved patterns diverging from front head to below antennae. Mouth parts yellowish, separated from the face by a black line, highlighted by a horizontal yellow band. Palpi whitish, apex darker. Pronotum: dorsal disk trapezoidal, slightly bisinuated posteriorly; dark brown mottled with grey brown and sometimes with whitish, but generally little contrasted. Lateral lobes dark brown to grey brown near dorsal angle; ventral edge whitish. Legs yellowish brown, femora more or less mottled with brown; tibiae more or less banded. Fore tibiae not widened at tympana level. Hind tibiae dorsal face with 6-8 inner (m = 7, n = 8) and 12-15 outer (m =14, n =8) spines above spurs, and 5 or 6 inner (m = 6, n = 8) and 9 or 10 outer (m = 10, n = 8) spines between spurs. Tarsomeres III-1 with 2-6 spines on dorso-external edges (m = 3, n = 8). Hind wings longer than FWs, but proportionally shorter than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D17FF823FCCFA8FFC59B052" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[766,898,1356,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enkraussi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D17FF823FCCFA8FFC59B052" box="[766,898,1356,1383]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">C. enkraussi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, forming a dark brown tail 1.5 times as long as pronotum. Cerci dark brown, banded but little contrasted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF823F97FA09FD01B0D1" blockId="17.[675,1212,1483,1700]" box="[677,730,1483,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D17FF823F97FA09FD01B0D1" box="[677,730,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Male</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D17FF803F97FA29FDC3B13F" blockId="17.[675,1212,1483,1700]" lastBlockId="19.[111,648,564,1700]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="596" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">
|
||
FW colouration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D17FF823E5AFA29FC32B332" box="[872,1001,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[113,124,1391,1408]" captionTargetBox="[115,1206,215,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-152@8.[585,673,765,858]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 1. — Male FW venation in dorsal and lateral views:A, B, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte,2007;C, D, C. tankara n. sp.; E, F, Lebinthus santoensis n. sp.; G, H, L. nattawa n. sp. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398173/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">Figs 1C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D17FF823ECAFA29FBF2B332" box="[1016,1065,1515,1542]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[113,124,1421,1438]" captionTargetBox="[129,1193,215,1374]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[129,667,692,1087]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 17.— A-C, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte, 2007:A, habitat in Vatthé conservation area,Espiritu Santo,Vanuatu,adults on (night) or under (day) plant leaves, or in leaf litter (day) (yellow arrows); B, male on plant leaf in Vatthé (night), Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu; C, female hiding in leaf litter in Vatthé (day), Espiritu Santo,Vanuatu; D, E, C.tankara n. sp.; D, habitat in Butmas,Espiritu Santo,Vanuatu,primary forest on Plateau de Tankara, adults on large plant leaves (yellow arrow); E, male on plant leaf by day in Butmas. Photos: T. Robillard (A, TR80; B, TR76; C, TR82) and S. Hugel (D, SH-14x06a; E, SH-14X06a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398215" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398215/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="594">17E</figureCitation>
|
||
): dorsal field generally dark brown, sometimes rust brown; not translucent; veins and cells of similar colour; with constant yellow and/or whitish patterns, including: FW base; 3A and part of 4A; 1A near file angle; harp veins; parts of chords; whitish sclerotized area at harp posterior angle. Harp with a dark triangle behind second harp vein, not distinct in darkest specimens. Transverse pale crescent behind mirror either absent or slightly visible, unlike in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D14FF813EF7F988FB92B350" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[965,1097,1610,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="595" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheesmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D14FF813EF7F988FB92B350" box="[965,1097,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="595">C. cheesmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where it is very contrasted and includes part of the mirror (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8536D69D14FF8139B5F9ABFD33B390" author="OTTE D." pageId="18" pageNumber="595" pagination="341 - 400" refId="ref24037" refString="OTTE D. 2007 a. - New species of Cardiodactylus from the western Pacific region (Gryllidae: Eneopterinae). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 156: 341 - 400." type="journal article" year="2007">Otte 2007a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 31). Lateral field dark brown dorsally, including MA, MP, R and bases of veins bifurcating from R; translucent ventrally with whitish veins. FW venation:1A slightly bisinuated;stridulatory vein (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D15FF803F6FFDB6FF55B79A" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[113,124,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[117,1204,215,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-12@11.[116,1204,214,1633]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 3. — SEM view of stridulatory file: A, Cardiodactylus tankara n. sp.; B, Lebinthus santoensis n. sp.; C, C. enkraussi Otte, 2007; D, L. nattawa n. sp. Photos: S. Hugel. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398179" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398179/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 134-166 teeth (m = 156, n = 5), located on both transverse (123-141 teeth, m=134) and basal longitudinal (11-32 teeth, m = 25) parts of 1A. CuP missing.Harp wider than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D15FF803CBCFD31FDD9B638" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[398,514,754,781]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enkraussi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803CBCFD31FDD9B638" box="[398,514,754,781]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">C. enkraussi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 2W-shaped harp veins; posterior margin raised along diagonal vein. Mirror area variable, c1 long and narrow, c2 quite large; mirror (d1) longer than wide, not rounded, its shape prolonged by d2 and separated at second third by one or several accessory veins. Apical field short, triangular, CuA with 2 or 3 bifurcations posterior to mirror. Lateral field (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D15FF803C56FC12FE6CB6DF" box="[356,439,976,1003]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[113,124,1391,1408]" captionTargetBox="[115,1206,215,1345]" captionTargetId="figure-152@8.[585,673,765,858]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 1. — Male FW venation in dorsal and lateral views:A, B, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte,2007;C, D, C. tankara n. sp.; E, F, Lebinthus santoensis n. sp.; G, H, L. nattawa n. sp. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398173" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398173/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
): latero-dorsal angle made by MP. R with 8 bifurcating veins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6B1BAF9D14FF813C76F9C9FC33B328" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398191" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5398191" box="[324,1000,1546,1564]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398191/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="595" startId="18.[324,335,1547,1564]" targetBox="[114,1207,217,1520]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D14FF813C76F9C9FC33B328" blockId="18.[324,1000,1546,1564]" box="[324,1000,1546,1564]" pageId="18" pageNumber="595">
|
||
FIG. 8. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D14FF813CA6F9C8FD89B32F" authority="Robillard, 2009" authorityName="Robillard" authorityYear="2009" box="[404,594,1546,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="595" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tankara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D14FF813CA6F9C8FD89B32F" box="[404,594,1546,1563]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="595">Cardiodactylus tankara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2532A4E9D14FF813F65F9C9FD52B328" box="[599,649,1547,1564]" pageId="18" pageNumber="595" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male habitus, paratype. Scale bar: 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6B1BAF9D15FF803D43FF1EFF18B437" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" startId="19.[113,124,220,237]">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803D43FF1EFF18B437" blockId="19.[113,1210,219,259]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
TABLE 7. — Measurements (in mm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D15FF803C84FF19FDACB5D8" authority="Robillard, 2009" authorityName="Robillard" authorityYear="2009" box="[438,631,219,236]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tankara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803C84FF19FDACB5D8" box="[438,631,219,236]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Cardiodactylus tankara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2532A4E9D15FF803F4CFF1EFD69B5D9" box="[638,690,220,237]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
: minimum-maximum (mean). Abbreviations: see Material and methods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803C1EFEFFFB54B4C4" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<table id="F914B9879D15006C3D43FEFFFB77B4C4" box="[113,1196,317,496]" colsContinueFrom="10.[113,1187,317,446]" colsContinueIn="27.[113,1184,317,496]" gridcols="9" gridrows="7" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<tr id="352449659D15006C3D43FEFFFB77B465" box="[113,1196,317,337]" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3C1AFEFFFEB7B465" box="[296,364,317,337]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803C1EFEFFFEB3B465" bold="true" box="[300,360,317,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">PronL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3CAFFEFFFE3AB465" box="[413,481,317,337]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803CAFFEFFFE3AB465" bold="true" box="[413,481,317,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">PronW</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3F35FEFFFDB9B465" box="[519,610,317,337]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803F2CFEFFFD90B465" bold="true" box="[542,587,317,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">FWL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3FBAFEFFFD17B465" box="[648,716,317,337]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803FBDFEFFFD1FB465" bold="true" box="[655,708,317,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">FWW</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3FC3FEFFFC96B465" box="[753,845,317,337]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803E3BFEFFFCEEB465" bold="true" box="[777,821,317,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">FIIIL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3E40FEFFFC6DB465" box="[882,950,317,337]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803E48FEFFFC75B465" bold="true" box="[890,942,317,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">FIIIW</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3EE9FEFFFBECB465" box="[987,1079,317,337]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803EC1FEFFFBFBB465" bold="true" box="[1011,1056,317,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">TIIIL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3962FEFFFB77B465" box="[1104,1196,317,337]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803953FEFFFB47B465" bold="true" box="[1121,1180,317,337]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">OvipL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D15006C3D43FEA0FB77B441" box="[113,1196,354,373]" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3D43FEA0FED3B441" box="[113,264,354,373]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Male holotype</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3C1AFEA0FEB7B441" box="[296,364,354,373]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3CAFFEA0FE3AB441" box="[413,481,354,373]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">4.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3F35FEA0FDB9B441" box="[519,610,354,373]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">14.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FBAFEA0FD17B441" box="[648,716,354,373]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">5.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FC3FEA0FC96B441" box="[753,845,354,373]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">15.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3E40FEA0FC6DB441" box="[882,950,354,373]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">4.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3EE9FEA0FBECB441" box="[987,1079,354,373]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">13.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3962FEA0FB77B441" box="[1104,1196,354,373]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D15006C3D43FEB8FB77B4B9" box="[113,1196,378,397]" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3D43FEB8FED3B4B9" box="[113,264,378,397]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Female allotype</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3C1AFEB8FEB7B4B9" box="[296,364,378,397]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3CAFFEB8FE3AB4B9" box="[413,481,378,397]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3F35FEB8FDB9B4B9" box="[519,610,378,397]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">17.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FBAFEB8FD17B4B9" box="[648,716,378,397]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FC3FEB8FC96B4B9" box="[753,845,378,397]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">16.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3E40FEB8FC6DB4B9" box="[882,950,378,397]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">5.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3EE9FEB8FBECB4B9" box="[987,1079,378,397]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">13.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3962FEB8FB77B4B9" box="[1104,1196,378,397]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">15</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D15006C3D43FE50FB77B491" box="[113,1196,402,421]" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3D43FE50FED3B491" box="[113,264,402,421]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Males (n = 6)</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3C1AFE50FEB7B491" box="[296,364,402,421]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">2.5-2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3CAFFE50FE3AB491" box="[413,481,402,421]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">4.5-4.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3F35FE50FDB9B491" box="[519,610,402,421]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">13.5-15.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FBAFE50FD17B491" box="[648,716,402,421]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">4.7-5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FC3FE50FC96B491" box="[753,845,402,421]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">14.4-16.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3E40FE50FC6DB491" box="[882,950,402,421]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">3.9-4.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3EE9FE50FBECB491" box="[987,1079,402,421]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">12.2-13.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3962FE50FB77B491" box="[1104,1196,402,421]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D15006C3D43FE69FB77B48A" box="[113,1196,427,446]" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3C1AFE69FEB7B48A" box="[296,364,427,446]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(2.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3CAFFE69FE3AB48A" box="[413,481,427,446]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(4.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3F35FE69FDB9B48A" box="[519,610,427,446]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(14.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FBAFE69FD17B48A" box="[648,716,427,446]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(5.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FC3FE69FC96B48A" box="[753,845,427,446]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(15.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3E40FE69FC6DB48A" box="[882,950,427,446]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(4.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3EE9FE69FBECB48A" box="[987,1079,427,446]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(13.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D15006C3D43FE01FB77B4E2" box="[113,1196,451,470]" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D15006C3D43FE01FED3B4E2" box="[113,264,451,470]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Females (n = 3)</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3C1AFE01FEB7B4E2" box="[296,364,451,470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">3-3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3CAFFE01FE3AB4E2" box="[413,481,451,470]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">4.8-6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3F35FE01FDB9B4E2" box="[519,610,451,470]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">17.3-19.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FBAFE01FD17B4E2" box="[648,716,451,470]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">4.5-6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FC3FE01FC96B4E2" box="[753,845,451,470]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">16.5-19.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3E40FE01FC6DB4E2" box="[882,950,451,470]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">5.1-6.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3EE9FE01FBECB4E2" box="[987,1079,451,470]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">13.7-16.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3962FE01FB77B4E2" box="[1104,1196,451,470]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">14.8-15.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D15006C3D43FE1FFB77B4C4" box="[113,1196,477,496]" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3C1AFE1FFEB7B4C4" box="[296,364,477,496]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(3.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3CAFFE1FFE3AB4C4" box="[413,481,477,496]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(5.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3F35FE1FFDB9B4C4" box="[519,610,477,496]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(18.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FBAFE1FFD17B4C4" box="[648,716,477,496]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(5.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3FC3FE1FFC96B4C4" box="[753,845,477,496]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(17.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3E40FE1FFC6DB4C4" box="[882,950,477,496]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(5.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3EE9FE1FFBECB4C4" box="[987,1079,477,496]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(15.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D15006C3962FE1FFB77B4C4" box="[1104,1196,477,496]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">(15)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803DBAFBCDFCA1B7DA" blockId="19.[111,648,564,1700]" lastBlockId="19.[674,1209,564,750]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D15FF803C19FBCDFEB3B11E" box="[299,360,1039,1066]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[120,1191,219,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-17@12.[117,1213,216,1551]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 4. — Male genitalia:A-C, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte,2007,in ventral (A), dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views;D, E, C. pentecotensis n. sp., in ventral (D) and lateral (E) views; F-H, C. tankara n. sp., in ventral (F), dorsal (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398181/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
F-H): close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D15FF803F33FBD2FD5CB11D" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[513,647,1039,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheesmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803F33FBD2FD5CB11D" box="[513,647,1039,1066]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">C. cheesmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D15FF803D90FBF2FE29B17E" authority="(Matsumura, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Matsumura" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[162,498,1071,1098]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guttulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803D90FBF2FECFB17D" box="[162,276,1071,1098]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">C. guttulus</emphasis>
|
||
(Matsumura, 1913)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Robillard & Ichikawa in press). Pseudepiphallus very sclerotized and setose, slightly narrowed at midlength with a basal protuberance absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D15FF803CA0FB4DFDCBB19C" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[402,528,1166,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheesmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803CA0FB4DFDCBB19C" box="[402,528,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">C. cheesmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.Two parallel dorsal ridges, forming a gutter, their dorsal edges asymmetrically folded externally, the left one being shorter and widened in all examined males (n = 7;
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D15FF803D43FACFFF1EB01C" box="[113,197,1293,1320]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="12.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[120,1191,219,1519]" captionTargetId="figure-17@12.[117,1213,216,1551]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIG. 4. — Male genitalia:A-C, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte,2007,in ventral (A), dorsal (B) and lateral (C) views;D, E, C. pentecotensis n. sp., in ventral (D) and lateral (E) views; F-H, C. tankara n. sp., in ventral (F), dorsal (G) and lateral (H) views. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398181/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pseudepiphallic sclerite extended laterally anterior to the ridges, but without a membranous sac as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D15FF803DE4FA8FFE5AB052" baseAuthorityName="Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[214,385,1357,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803DE4FA8FFE5AB052" box="[214,385,1357,1383]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">C. novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Apex of pseudepiphallus spoon-like and rounded, not separate from the rest of pseudepiphallus, its profile differing from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D15FF803D40FA6EFF2BB0F1" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[114,240,1451,1478]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheesmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803D40FA6EFF2BB0F1" box="[114,240,1451,1478]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">C.cheesmani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.Rami large,their base at level of pseudepiphallus narrowed part. Pseudepiphallic parameres trilobate, large and close together. Membrane at base of parameres sclerotized. Ectophallus almost hidden within the pseudepiphallus.Ectophallic arc complete, anterior to parameres. Ectophallic apodemes almost reaching rami apex. Apex of ectophallic fold almost hidden by pseudepiphallic parameres, trilobate, the median lobe sponge-like, possibly glandular, shorter than lateral lobes.Endophallic sclerite small, without a medio-posterior expansion. Endophallic apodeme with both lateral lamellas and a short medio-dorsal crest. Membrane of endophallic cavity finely and transversally plicate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803F97FCD0FD35B618" blockId="19.[674,1211,786,1225]" box="[677,750,786,812]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803F97FCD0FD35B618" box="[677,750,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Female</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803F97FCF0FB93B17E" blockId="19.[674,1211,786,1225]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
FW colouration: veins and cells dark brown, except: whitish FW base; large whitish spot at first third of length, including CuA and MP; and whitish transverse veins between CuP and CuA. Lateral field as in male. FW venation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D15FF803EC5FC72FB90B6FF" box="[1015,1099,944,971]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[113,123,1658,1675]" captionTargetBox="[139,1195,218,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-17@14.[140,1199,183,1623]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 5.— Female FW venation:A, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte,2007;B, C.tankara n.sp.;C, C.aobaensis n.sp.;D, C.cheesmani Otte,2007; E, C. epiensis n. sp.Dotted areas represent patterns of white or yellow areas. Abbreviations:see Material and methods. Scale bar: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398183" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398183/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
): 9 strong longitudinal veins on dorsal field (including 1-3A). Ovipositor: Shorter than hind femora; apex with both dorsal and ventral edges denticulate, more pronounced on ventral valve (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D15FF803EDAFBEDFBE7B17E" box="[1000,1084,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[113,124,1267,1284]" captionTargetBox="[119,1204,243,1227]" captionTargetId="figure-12@15.[113,1209,215,1221]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 6. — Apex of ovipositor in lateral view: A, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte, 2007; B, C. tankara n. sp.; C, C. pentecotensis n. sp.; D, C. aobaensis n. sp.; E, C. cheesmani Otte, 2007a; F, C. epiensis n. sp.; G, Lebinthus santoensis n. sp.; H, L. nattawa n. sp.; I, L. malekulensis n. sp. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398187" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398187/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803F89FB8DFC1AB1FD" blockId="19.[674,1211,786,1225]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
Female genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D15FF803E49FB8DFC61B15E" box="[891,954,1103,1130]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="16.[113,124,967,984]" captionTargetBox="[113,1208,219,932]" captionTargetId="figure-17@16.[113,1209,215,936]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIG. 7.— Female copulatory papilla in ventral,dorsal and lateral views:A-C, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte,2007;D-F, C. pentecotensis n. sp.; G-I, C. cheesmani Otte, 2007; J-L, C. tankara n. sp.; M-O, C. aobaensis n. sp.; P-R, C. epiensis n. sp. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398189" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398189/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
J-L): copulatory papilla rounded with a basal sclerotized ring; apex narrowed and folded ventrally; ventral preapical convergent crests, concave posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803F97FB2FFD2CB033" blockId="19.[674,1212,1261,1605]" box="[677,759,1261,1287]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803F97FB2FFD2CB033" box="[677,759,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Juvenile</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803F97FACFFBB3B371" blockId="19.[674,1212,1261,1605]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
First instars observed in laboratory similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D15FF803F8DFAEFFCBFB072" baseAuthorityName="Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[703,868,1325,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803F8DFAEFFCBFB072" box="[703,868,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">C. novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, yellow with brown longitudinal bands. Later instars with more contrasted colouration, dark brown to black highly mottled with whitish and yellow. Head colouration as in adults, the head dorsum and face sometimes entirely black. Pronotum as in adults, sometimes more contrasted. Metanotum and tergites with median, paired black patterns; rest of abdomen dorsum brown with dark brown dots disposed in longitudinal lines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803F97F9A8FCEDB3B7" blockId="19.[677,822,1642,1700]" box="[677,822,1642,1667]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D15FF803F97F9A8FCEDB3B7" box="[677,822,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D15FF803F97F94BFCFFB390" blockId="19.[677,822,1642,1700]" box="[677,804,1673,1700]" pageId="19" pageNumber="596">
|
||
See
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6967E9C9D15FF803FFCF94BFCFFB390" box="[718,804,1673,1700]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="19.[113,124,220,237]" captionText="TABLE 7. — Measurements (in mm) of Cardiodactylus tankara n. sp.: minimum-maximum (mean). Abbreviations: see Material and methods." pageId="19" pageNumber="596">Table 7.</tableCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6B1BAF9D12FF873C48FF1EFC69B5D9" box="[378,946,219,237]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" startId="20.[378,389,220,237]">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873C48FF1EFC69B5D9" blockId="20.[378,946,219,237]" box="[378,946,219,237]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
TABLE 8. — Calling song parameters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873F8DFF19FCA5B5D8" authority="Robillard, 2009" authorityName="Robillard" authorityYear="2009" box="[703,894,219,236]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tankara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873F8DFF19FCA5B5D8" box="[703,894,219,236]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Cardiodactylus tankara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2532A4E9D12FF873EB0FF1EFC69B5D9" box="[898,946,220,237]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873F3FFEE5FB7BB71F" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<table id="F914B9879D12006C3D43FEE5FB7BB71F" box="[113,1184,295,555]" gridcols="9" gridrows="10" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FEE5FB7BB40F" box="[113,1184,295,315]" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D12006C3CF1FEE5FD7DB40F" box="[451,678,295,315]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873F3FFEE5FDBBB40F" bold="true" box="[525,608,295,315]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Echeme</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76F520199D12006C3EE2FEE5FBFDB40F" box="[976,1062,295,315]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873EE2FEE5FBC4B40F" bold="true" box="[976,1055,295,315]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Syllable</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FE8AFB7BB468" box="[113,1184,328,348]" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3C71FE8AFE73B468" box="[323,424,328,348]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873C76FE8AFE7CB468" bold="true" box="[324,423,328,348]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Dominant</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3CF1FE8AFDC5B468" box="[451,542,328,348]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873CF1FE8AFDC0B468" bold="true" box="[451,539,328,348]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Duration</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3F1DFE8AFD7DB468" box="[559,678,328,348]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873F7CFE8AFD4BB468" bold="true" box="[590,656,328,348]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Period</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3FF6FE8AFCFEB468" box="[708,805,328,348]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873FFDFE8AFCC5B468" bold="true" box="[719,798,328,348]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Syllable</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3E7EFE8AFC7EB468" box="[844,933,328,348]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873E7EFE8AFC7FB468" bold="true" box="[844,932,328,348]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Duration</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3EE2FE8AFBFDB468" box="[976,1062,328,348]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873EE5FE8AFBC2B468" bold="true" box="[983,1049,328,348]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Period</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C397EFE8AFB7BB468" box="[1100,1184,328,348]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873953FE8AFB4BB468" bold="true" box="[1121,1168,328,348]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Rate</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FEA0FB7BB442" box="[113,1184,354,374]" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3C71FEA0FE73B442" box="[323,424,354,374]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873C71FEA0FE73B442" bold="true" box="[323,424,354,374]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">frequency</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3CF1FEA0FDC5B442" box="[451,542,354,374]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873CEBFEA0FDDFB442" bold="true" box="[473,516,354,374]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">(ms)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3F1DFEA0FD7DB442" box="[559,678,354,374]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873F6BFEA0FD5FB442" bold="true" box="[601,644,354,374]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">(ms)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3FF6FEA0FCFEB442" box="[708,805,354,374]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873FE2FEA0FCC5B442" bold="true" box="[720,798,354,374]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">number</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3E7EFEA0FC7EB442" box="[844,933,354,374]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873E50FEA0FC56B442" bold="true" box="[866,909,354,374]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">(ms)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3EE2FEA0FBFDB442" box="[976,1062,354,374]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873ED0FEA0FBD5B442" bold="true" box="[994,1038,354,374]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">(ms)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C397EFEA0FB7BB442" box="[1100,1184,354,374]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF87395AFEA0FB52B442" bold="true" box="[1128,1161,354,374]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">(/s)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FEB9FB7BB4BB" box="[113,1184,379,399]" gridrow="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D12006C3D43FEB9FF39B4BB" box="[113,226,379,399]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873D43FEB9FF39B4BB" bold="true" box="[113,226,379,399]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Specimens</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3DCEFEB9FEFDB4BB" box="[252,294,379,399]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873DCFFEB9FEF9B4BB" bold="true" box="[253,290,379,399]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">T°C</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3C71FEB9FE73B4BB" box="[323,424,379,399]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873C6EFEB9FE54B4BB" bold="true" box="[348,399,379,399]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">(kHz)</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FE5DFB7BB486" box="[113,1184,415,434]" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D12006C3D43FE5DFF39B486" box="[113,226,415,434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">TR-1</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3DCEFE5DFEFDB486" box="[252,294,415,434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">22.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3C71FE5DFE73B486" box="[323,424,415,434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">13.4 ± 0.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3CF1FE5DFDC5B486" box="[451,542,415,434]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">187 ± 26</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3F1DFE5DFD7DB486" box="[559,678,415,434]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">5095 ± 2634</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3FF6FE5DFCFEB486" box="[708,805,415,434]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">26.2 ± 4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3E7EFE5DFC7EB486" box="[844,933,415,434]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">1.2 ± 0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3EE2FE5DFBFDB486" box="[976,1062,415,434]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">7.5 ± 4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C397EFE5DFB7BB486" box="[1100,1184,415,434]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">139 ± 17</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FE75FB7BB4FE" box="[113,1184,439,458]" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D12006C3D43FE75FF39B4FE" box="[113,226,439,458]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">TR-2</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3DCEFE75FEFDB4FE" box="[252,294,439,458]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">22.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3C71FE75FE73B4FE" box="[323,424,439,458]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">13.9 ± 0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3CF1FE75FDC5B4FE" box="[451,542,439,458]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">176 ± 7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3F1DFE75FD7DB4FE" box="[559,678,439,458]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">5780 ± 4439</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3FF6FE75FCFEB4FE" box="[708,805,439,458]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">26.1 ± 1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3E7EFE75FC7EB4FE" box="[844,933,439,458]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">1.1 ± 0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3EE2FE75FBFDB4FE" box="[976,1062,439,458]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">6.9 ± 3.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C397EFE75FB7BB4FE" box="[1100,1184,439,458]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">147 ± 8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FE12FB7BB4D7" box="[113,1184,464,483]" gridrow="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rowspan-6="1">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D12006C3D43FE12FF39B4D7" box="[113,226,464,483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">TR-57</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3DCEFE12FEFDB4D7" box="[252,294,464,483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">24.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3C71FE12FE73B4D7" box="[323,424,464,483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">14.2 ± 0.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3CF1FE12FDC5B4D7" box="[451,542,464,483]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">175 ± 2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3F1DFE12FD7DB4D7" box="[559,678,464,483]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">2165 ± 345</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3FF6FE12FCFEB4D7" box="[708,805,464,483]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">31.7 ± 1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3EE2FE12FBFDB4D7" box="[976,1062,464,483]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">5.6 ± 3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C397EFE12FB7BB4D7" box="[1100,1184,464,483]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">181 ± 9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FE2AFB7BB4CF" box="[113,1184,488,507]" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D12006C3D43FE2AFF39B4CF" box="[113,226,488,507]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">TR-130</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3DCEFE2AFEFDB4CF" box="[252,294,488,507]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">21</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3C71FE2AFE73B4CF" box="[323,424,488,507]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">12 ± 0.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3CF1FE2AFDC5B4CF" box="[451,542,488,507]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">109 ± 2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3F1DFE2AFD7DB4CF" box="[559,678,488,507]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">9580 ± 5797</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3FF6FE2AFCFEB4CF" box="[708,805,488,507]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">19.9 ± 6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3E7EFE2AFC7EB4CF" box="[844,933,488,507]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">1.1 ± 0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3EE2FE2AFBFDB4CF" box="[976,1062,488,507]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">5.5 ± 3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C397EFE2AFB7BB4CF" box="[1100,1184,488,507]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">180 ± 23</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FDC2FB7BB727" box="[113,1184,512,531]" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D12006C3D43FDC2FF39B727" box="[113,226,512,531]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">TR-145</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3DCEFDC2FEFDB727" box="[252,294,512,531]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">26.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3C71FDC2FE73B727" box="[323,424,512,531]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">14.2 ± 0.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3CF1FDC2FDC5B727" box="[451,542,512,531]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">146 ± 2</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3F1DFDC2FD7DB727" box="[559,678,512,531]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">1790 ± 383</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3FF6FDC2FCFEB727" box="[708,805,512,531]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">25.9 ± 1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3E7EFDC2FC7EB727" box="[844,933,512,531]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">1.3 ± 0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3EE2FDC2FBFDB727" box="[976,1062,512,531]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">5.8 ± 3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C397EFDC2FB7BB727" box="[1100,1184,512,531]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">177 ± 11</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="352449659D12006C3D43FDDAFB7BB71F" box="[113,1184,536,555]" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<th id="76F520199D12006C3D43FDDAFF39B71F" box="[113,226,536,555]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">TR-146</th>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3DCEFDDAFEFDB71F" box="[252,294,536,555]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">22.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3C71FDDAFE73B71F" box="[323,424,536,555]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">14.1 ± 0.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3CF1FDDAFDC5B71F" box="[451,542,536,555]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">135 ± 3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3F1DFDDAFD7DB71F" box="[559,678,536,555]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">4129 ± 3367</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3FF6FDDAFCFEB71F" box="[708,805,536,555]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">23.7 ± 4.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3E7EFDDAFC7EB71F" box="[844,933,536,555]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">0.9 ± 0.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C3EE2FDDAFBFDB71F" box="[976,1062,536,555]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">5.9 ± 4.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76F520199D12006C397EFDDAFB7BB71F" box="[1100,1184,536,555]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">178 ± 19</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873D43FDB6FE38B7B8" blockId="20.[111,647,628,1003]" box="[113,483,628,654]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">HABITAT AND LIFE HISTORY TRAITS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873D43FD51FE3DB6DF" blockId="20.[111,647,628,1003]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873D43FD51FE84B799" authority="Robillard, 2009" authorityName="Robillard" authorityYear="2009" box="[113,351,659,685]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tankara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873D43FD51FE84B799" box="[113,351,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Cardiodactylus tankara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2532A4E9D12FF873C57FD51FE45B79A" box="[357,414,659,686]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
lives in dense forested areas but is also found near borders and in open areas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D12FF873D45FD11FF2CB7DA" box="[119,247,723,750]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[113,124,1421,1438]" captionTargetBox="[129,1193,215,1374]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[129,667,692,1087]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 17.— A-C, Cardiodactylus enkraussi Otte, 2007:A, habitat in Vatthé conservation area,Espiritu Santo,Vanuatu,adults on (night) or under (day) plant leaves, or in leaf litter (day) (yellow arrows); B, male on plant leaf in Vatthé (night), Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu; C, female hiding in leaf litter in Vatthé (day), Espiritu Santo,Vanuatu; D, E, C.tankara n. sp.; D, habitat in Butmas,Espiritu Santo,Vanuatu,primary forest on Plateau de Tankara, adults on large plant leaves (yellow arrow); E, male on plant leaf by day in Butmas. Photos: T. Robillard (A, TR80; B, TR76; C, TR82) and S. Hugel (D, SH-14x06a; E, SH-14X06a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398215" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398215/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Fig. 17D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Individuals are found on large leaves of trees, bushes of fern and creepers, or on tree trunks (including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873DEFFCD0FEBBB619" box="[221,352,786,813]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pandanaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) at about
|
||
<quantity id="4CECE6C29D12FF873CF2FCD0FE33B619" box="[448,488,786,813]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
height. Singing males are distributed at relatively large distance from one another (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6967E9C9D12FF873C33FC93FE86B658" box="[257,349,849,876]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="2.[113,124,220,237]" captionText="TABLE 1. — Diurnal and nocturnal habitats of Eneopterinae species according to personal observations in Espiritu Santo Is. Abbreviations: Cl, calling song behaviour; Ct, courting behaviour; F, foraging behaviour; juv., juvenile; R, resting behaviour. No data available for Lebinthus nattawa n. sp.at night (?), Cardiodactylus cheesmani Otte,2007, C. aobaensis n. sp.,C. epiensis n. sp.,C. pentecotensis n. sp., C. gagnei Otte, 2007 and L. malekulensis n. sp." pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6967E9C9D12FF873C5EFC93FEA7B658" box="[364,380,849,876]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="3.[113,123,220,237]" captionText="TABLE2.— Mean minimal distance (d) between individuals measured as the distance between individual 1 (ind1) andthe closest individual (individual 2, ind2), individual 2 being relative to individual 1; and height (h) of individual 1. Abbreviation:juv., juvenile; n, number of specimens. Height was not calculated for Lebinthus santoensis n. sp. which lives on the ground." pageId="20" pageNumber="597">2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873CA0FC93FD5EB65F" authority="Robillard, 2009" authorityName="Robillard" authorityYear="2009" box="[402,645,849,875]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tankara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873CA0FC93FD5EB65F" box="[402,645,849,875]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Cardiodactylus tankara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2532A4E9D12FF873D43FCB3FF77B6B8" box="[113,172,881,908]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is sympatric with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873C43FCB0FE34B6BF" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[369,495,881,908]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enkraussi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873C43FCB0FE34B6BF" box="[369,495,881,908]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">C. enkraussi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the plateau of Tankara. The population density is comparable to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873DEFFC73FE5EB6FE" baseAuthorityName="Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[221,389,945,971]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873DEFFC73FE5EB6FE" box="[221,389,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">C. novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and contrasts from the denser populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873C53FC13FE04B6DE" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[353,479,976,1003]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enkraussi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873C53FC13FE04B6DE" box="[353,479,976,1003]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">C. enkraussi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873D43FBD2FF35B11C" blockId="20.[113,461,1040,1098]" box="[113,238,1040,1066]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">BEHAVIOUR</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873D43FBEDFE16B17E" blockId="20.[113,461,1040,1098]" box="[113,461,1071,1098]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Mating behaviour not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873D43FBACFE74B1BD" blockId="20.[111,649,1134,1700]" box="[113,431,1134,1161]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873D43FBACFE74B1BD" box="[113,431,1134,1161]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
Calling song (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132F57A29D12FF873C32FBADFE90B1BD" box="[256,331,1135,1161]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[113,124,1670,1687]" captionTargetBox="[117,1208,215,1635]" captionTargetId="figure-4379@34.[184,1119,903,957]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 15. — Calling song of Cardiodactylus tankara n. sp.: A, oscillogram showing 4 echemes; B, spectrogram (linear amplitude); C, sonogram of an echeme (top) coupled with oscillogram (bottom); D, detailed sonogram of a syllable; E, detail oscillogram of a syllable. Abbreviations: f1-f3, first (fundamental) to third harmonic frequencies; Fd, dominant frequency." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5398211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5398211/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6967E9C9D12FF873C6AFBACFE7EB1BD" box="[344,421,1134,1161]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="20.[378,389,220,237]" captionText="TABLE 8. — Calling song parameters of Cardiodactylus tankara n. sp." pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Table 8</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873D43FB4CFBBBB7FA" blockId="20.[111,649,1134,1700]" lastBlockId="20.[675,1212,628,876]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873DE4FB4DFE93B19C" authority="Robillard, 2009" authorityName="Robillard" authorityYear="2009" box="[214,328,1166,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tankara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873DE4FB4DFE93B19C" box="[214,328,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">C. tankara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2532A4E9D12FF873C62FB4CFE50B19D" box="[336,395,1166,1193]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are mostly acoustically active at night, but have been heard singing during daytime. The calling song is more conspicuous and noisy than that of sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873CAFFB2CFDC3B033" authorityName="Otte" authorityYear="2007" box="[413,536,1261,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="enkraussi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873CAFFB2CFDC3B033" box="[413,536,1261,1288]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">C. enkraussi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Six males recorded in the field at 20-26°C (MNHN-ENSIF 2409, 2411, 2412, 2418, 2419, 2421) are analysed here. At 25°C, the calling song consists in an irregular succession of short echemes (mean echeme duration ± SD = 162 ± 7 ms; period = 2538 ± 1118 ms; duty cycle = 6.9 ± 0.7%; echeme rate = 26.3 echeme/min). The echeme is slightly accelerated from start to end (regular decrease of syllable period within echeme) and shows a crescent amplitude profile. Each echeme is made of 27.5 ± 2.1 syllables with the following characteristics: syllable rate = 170.8 ± 2.1/s; syllable duration = 1.2 ± 0.4 ms; syllable period = 6.2 ± 3.6 ms; syllable duty cycle = 19.5%; and each echeme is finished by a longer syllable, which is likely the contraction of 3 or 4 syllables (mean duration = 4.8 ± 1.9 ms).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873F89FD11FCDEB658" blockId="20.[675,1212,628,876]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
The calling frequency of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873EEFFD11FB8DB7D9" authority="Robillard, 2009" authorityName="Robillard" authorityYear="2009" box="[989,1110,723,749]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tankara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873EEFFD11FB8DB7D9" box="[989,1110,723,749]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">C. tankara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2532A4E9D12FF87396DFD11FB44B7DA" box="[1119,1183,723,750]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is relatively high (14.3 ± 0.4 kHz), and corresponds to the third harmonic of the song (Robillard
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF8739B5FCD1FB61B618" box="[1159,1210,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007); the mean fundamental frequency is 5.6 ± 0.2 kHz.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873F97FC53FCEFB69F" blockId="20.[677,1210,913,1066]" box="[677,820,913,939]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873F97FC53FCEFB69F" box="[677,820,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Courting song</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873F97FC72FB40B11E" blockId="20.[677,1210,913,1066]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
This song was observed during forced interactions with females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873E66FC12FC24B6DE" baseAuthorityName="Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[852,1023,976,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="novaeguineae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873E66FC12FC24B6DE" box="[852,1023,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">C. novaeguineae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; it is less intense than the calling song, but the echeme is similar to the calling song, except for its irregular period.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873F97FB8DFCE0B15D" blockId="20.[674,1210,1103,1320]" box="[677,827,1103,1129]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873F97FB8DFCE0B15D" box="[677,827,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">Aggressive song</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAB4B279D12FF873F97FBADFB47B01C" blockId="20.[674,1210,1103,1320]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">
|
||
This song was observed in laboratory during interactions between two singing males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1430A49D12FF873923FB4DFBA5B19C" authority="Robillard, 2009" authorityName="Robillard" authorityYear="2009" box="[1041,1150,1166,1193]" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Cardiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tankara" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96097359D12FF873923FB4DFBA5B19C" box="[1041,1150,1166,1193]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="597">C. tankara</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2532A4E9D12FF8739B0FB4CFB61B19D" box="[1154,1210,1166,1193]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
After alternating their songs,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1280AE9D12FF873EEFFB6CFBE4B1FD" box="[989,1087,1198,1225]" pageId="20" pageNumber="597" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
sometimes charges the other one and sings more frequently in front of him.Th is aggressive song is quite similar to the calling song but of shorter duration and period.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |