931 lines
118 KiB
XML
931 lines
118 KiB
XML
<document id="437DF4AB2D5DC990F03F6D04A6673AD3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.157248" ID-GBIF-Dataset="207f08bb-905b-4323-b940-985a0f1ef874" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="157248" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461018251896" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sparks, John S." docDate="2004" docId="03AE87B6FF920F63117D066BFE2CF14E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00524.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 524" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Ptychochromoides itasy Sparks, 2004, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="F3126676-C831-4660-9897-5FB1EDB8979E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FF97FFCEFF910F681075023AFFC6F62F" masterDocTitle="A new and presumably extinct species of Ptychochromoides (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from central Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="15" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698569427021" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="218381D6F86DDB720DA82344D8E503BB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E988A1805AC3BED89A31E06F3BC14EC0">
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<mods:title id="C1F6B82047CE9C55035FBCA6397BEFC2">A new and presumably extinct species of Ptychochromoides (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae) from central Madagascar</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="017C0A9C41D6781B5E829D41C946F1AE" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="92DA92C52AED7D80B6B5F0AB5E1D59DF">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3AB96FC242D148167FDC730FB801AE9F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="673A11BBBA7EDD9466DA6F5191C3B532">Sparks, John S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BC1F0A7AE3747FFFB69B1E2256EC53E8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F8480EE55618199387B0268569B84FE2">
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<mods:title id="939BEDFE575828A6A017AF252AE38CAC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="5043CBF9365E29175D38F0C33263D1D7">
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<mods:date id="2429A5D84C7E7BCC04EC067C9E42C791">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="09B28C1D086C206435CAB14552A74838" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C6E17099EF8DF68401DDF7C42687A3D1">524</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="43EE97473EEDBD5A0901B41D7EEDB705">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="18E587A6CFC45113BBC7DB90200D670B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E1F4DE42BF0A43AF87C9D7141B64BB5A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.157248</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F65B6615789CF01C63213786DD0B3F84" type="GBIF-Dataset">207f08bb-905b-4323-b940-985a0f1ef874</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="423DD6BCE64973C9CAC8A7C1F2311EF2" type="ISSN">11755326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1F7A0C49311A8992F4D24C6B7320ED22" type="Zenodo-Dep">157248</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="342C10AAB41D805D3F937F68010AE23C" type="ZooBank">1621B03B-EBD7-49FA-8250-08A31072A2CD</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03AE87B6FF920F63117D066BFE2CF14E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5625337" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119601893" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5625337" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F3126676-C831-4660-9897-5FB1EDB8979E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE87B6FF920F63117D066BFE2CF14E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="C31D652BFF920F6B117D066BFDF0F2A1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF920F6B117D066BFD04F244" blockId="3.[264,706,1105,1166]" box="[264,706,1105,1131]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="D0F081CCFF920F6B117D066BFD04F244" bold="true" box="[264,706,1105,1131]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
|
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<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B117D066BFD04F244" bold="true" box="[264,706,1105,1131]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B117D066BFDE2F244" ID-CoL="4Q9ZB" box="[264,548,1105,1131]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B117D066BFDE2F244" bold="true" box="[264,548,1105,1131]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ptychochromoides itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24057C9FF920F6B1246066BFD04F244" box="[563,706,1105,1131]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF920F6B117D064EFDF0F2A1" blockId="3.[264,706,1105,1166]" box="[264,566,1140,1166]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133C2A25FF920F6B1165064EFE5BF2A1" box="[272,413,1140,1166]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="6.[264,368,1197,1221]" captionStartId-1="6.[264,368,1730,1754]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1322,753,1186]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1322,1333,1722]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[264,1323,752,1190]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[264,1323,1331,1723]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Ptychochromoides itasy, holotype, UMMZ 243393, immature female, 123.2 mm SL; Madagascar." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Ptychochromoides itasy, paratype, AMNH 233643, immature male, 106.3 mm SL; Madagascar." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/169019/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/169020/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figures 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<tableCitation id="C685031BFF920F6B11A0064EFDECF2A1" box="[469,554,1140,1166]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[264,352,283,307]" captionTargetBox="[267,1301,415,1374]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data of Ptychochromoides betsileanus and P. itasy. Measurements (mm) in percent standard length (SL) or percent head length (HL), unless noted otherwise. Numbers in parentheses correspond to number of individuals with indicated count." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF786628FF950F6C117D0321FBBDF750" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="DF786628FF950F6C117D0321FBBDF750">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D652BFF920F6B117D068DFB81F362" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF920F6B117D068DFC0EF2C2" blockId="3.[264,1323,1206,1357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17118EFF920F6B117D068DFC0EF2C2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B117D068DFCD3F2E2" ID-CoL="4Q9YT" authority="Pellegrin, 1933: 144" authorityName="Pellegrin" authorityPageNumber="144" authorityYear="1933" box="[264,789,1206,1230]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B117D068DFDE1F2E1" box="[264,551,1207,1230]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ptychochromis betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA610B1FF920F6B124D068CFCD3F2E2" author="Pellegrin" box="[568,789,1206,1229]" page="144" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1933">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF920F6B124D068CFD26F2E2" author="Pellegrin" box="[568,736,1206,1229]" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" refString="Pellegrin, J. (1933) Les poissons des eaux douces de Madagascar, et des iles voisines (Comores, Seychelles, Mascareignes). Memoires de l'Academie Malgache, Tananarive, 14, 1 - 222." type="journal article" year="1933">Pellegrin, 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 144
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in part; Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B13C9068CFC32F2E2" ID-CoL="4Q9ZB" box="[956,1012,1206,1229]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA610B1FF920F6B147C068CFB0DF2E2" author="Arnoult" box="[1033,1227,1206,1229]" page="72" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1959">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF920F6B147C068CFB62F2E2" author="Arnoult" box="[1033,1188,1206,1229]" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" refString="Arnoult, J. (1959) Poissons des eaux douces. In: Institut de Recherche Scientifique (Ed.), Faune de Madagascar. Institut de Recherche Scientifique, Tananarive-Tsimbazaza, 10, 1 - 163." type="journal article" year="1959">Arnoult, 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 72
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part; Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B110106ECFE6AF2C2" ID-CoL="4Q9ZB" box="[372,428,1238,1261]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA610B1FF920F6B11CA06ECFDB9F2C2" author="Kiener" box="[447,639,1238,1261]" page="166" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF920F6B11CA06ECFD8AF2C2" author="Kiener" box="[447,588,1238,1261]" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. (1963) Poissons, peche et pisciculture a Madagascar. Publication Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, 24, 1 - 244." type="journal article" year="1963">Kiener, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 166
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(in part; region of Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B13F006ECFC7BF2C2" ID-CoL="4Q9ZB" box="[901,957,1238,1261]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF920F6B117D06CDFB81F362" blockId="3.[264,1323,1206,1357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17118EFF920F6B117D06CDFB81F362" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B117D06CDFC48F322" ID-CoL="6WNFJ" authority="Kiener and Mauge, 1966: 77" authorityName="Kiener and Mauge" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1966" box="[264,910,1270,1294]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B117D06CDFD8DF321" box="[264,587,1271,1294]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ptychochromoides betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA610B1FF920F6B122A06CCFC48F322" author="Kiener" box="[607,910,1270,1293]" page="77" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1966">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF920F6B122A06CCFCADF322" author="Kiener" box="[607,875,1270,1293]" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. & Mauge, M. (1966) Contribution a l'etude systematique et ecologique des poissons Cichlidae endemiques de Madagascar. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Serie A, Zoologie, 40, 51 - 99." type="journal article" year="1966">Kiener and Maugé, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 77
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–80 (in part; description);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA610B1FF920F6B14D106CCFDCEF302" author="Reinthal" page="358" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1997">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF920F6B14D106CCFE10F302" author="Reinthal" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" refString="Reinthal, P. N. & Stiassny, M. L. J. (1997) Revision of the Madagascan genus Ptychochromoides (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with description of a new species. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 7, 353 - 368." type="journal article" year="1997">Reinthal and Stiassny, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 358
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–362 (in part; redescription);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA610B1FF920F6B1330072CFB5FF302" author="Sparks" box="[837,1177,1302,1325]" page="120" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF920F6B1330072CFBA2F302" author="Sparks" box="[837,1124,1302,1325]" pageId="3" pageNumber="14" refString="Sparks, J. S. & Reinthal, P. N. (2001) A new species of Ptychochromoides from southeastern Madagascar (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with comments on monophyly and relationships of the ptychochromine cichlids. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 12, 115 - 132." type="journal article" year="2001">Sparks and Reinthal, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 120
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 131 (in part; comparative material); Sparks, 2003: 327 (in part; comparative material).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D652BFF920F6B117D074BFE5AF004" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF920F6B117D074BFBA0F3A4" blockId="3.[264,1324,1393,1899]" box="[264,1126,1393,1419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B117D074BFEB5F3A5" box="[264,371,1393,1418]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC8802FF920F6B117D074BFEB5F3A5" box="[264,371,1393,1418]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED16AE65FF920F6B11F6074BFE18F3A4" box="[387,478,1393,1419]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">UMMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
243393, immature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF9B45FF920F6B1357074BFC5CF3A4" box="[802,922,1393,1419]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.232" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="123.2">123.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF920F6B13A7074BFBA4F3A4" box="[978,1122,1393,1419]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF920F6B114D07A3FE5AF004" blockId="3.[264,1324,1393,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B114D07A3FE69F39D" box="[312,431,1433,1458]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC8802FF920F6B114D07A3FE69F39D" box="[312,431,1433,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED16AE65FF920F6B11CA07A3FDDFF39C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[447,537,1433,1459]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
233643,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D01FD29FF920F6B12FF07A3FCD5F39C" box="[650,787,1433,1459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, immature male,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF9B45FF920F6B139607A3FB9AF39C" box="[995,1116,1433,1459]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.063" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="106.3">106.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF920F6B14ED07A3FAEEF39C" box="[1176,1320,1433,1459]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED16AE65FF920F6B117D07FBFEA4F3F4" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[264,354,1473,1499]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
191911, 1 C&S specimen,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF9B45FF920F6B12C007FBFCE6F3F4" box="[693,800,1473,1499]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="77.5">77.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF920F6B132907FBFC28F3F4" box="[860,1006,1473,1499]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
: central highlands: Region of Antananarivo: Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B126207D3FD94F02C" box="[535,594,1513,1539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED16AE65FF920F6B121607D3FD78F02C" box="[611,702,1513,1539]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ra64-3eva" name="University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">UMMZ</collectionCode>
|
||
199409,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D01FD29FF920F6B135E07D3FC77F02C" box="[811,945,1513,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, immature female,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF9B45FF920F6B14E707D3FB3CF02C" box="[1170,1274,1513,1539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.12" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="91.2">91.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF920F6B117D042BFE5EF004" box="[264,408,1553,1579]" name="Madagascar" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D652BFF920F6C114D0403FB85F08F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF920F6B114D0403FE9AF144" blockId="3.[264,1324,1393,1899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B114D0403FD24F07D" box="[312,738,1593,1618]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Diagnosis.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B11BD0403FD24F07D" box="[456,738,1593,1618]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Ptychochromoides itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinguished from congeners by the presence of a pronounced occipital hump, regardless of size, sex, or sexual maturity [vs. absence (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B1560045BFEB2F08D" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B1560045BFEB2F08D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or presence only in adult males (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B137704B3FC65F08D" box="[770,931,1673,1698]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B137704B3FC65F08D" box="[770,931,1673,1698]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)], and also by a shorter predorsal length (39.3–40.2% vs. 40.4–46.2% and 43.7–49.3% SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B13B7048BFBA4F0E5" box="[962,1122,1713,1738]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B13B7048BFBA4F0E5" box="[962,1122,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B14EE048BFAE5F0E5" box="[1179,1315,1713,1738]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B14EE048BFAE5F0E5" box="[1179,1315,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively), more elongate terminal dorsalfin spine (14.1–16.4% vs. 11.4–13.9% and 11.1–14.0% SL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B119D053BFD4DF135" box="[488,651,1793,1818]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B119D053BFD4DF135" box="[488,651,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B12B2053BFC97F135" box="[711,849,1793,1818]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B12B2053BFC97F135" box="[711,849,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively), and shorter snout (33.2– 35.7% vs. 36.1–45.1% and 36.6–41.5% HL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B133E0513FC37F16D" box="[843,1009,1833,1858]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B133E0513FC37F16D" box="[843,1009,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF920F6B14410513FB04F16D" box="[1076,1218,1833,1858]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF920F6B14410513FB04F16D" box="[1076,1218,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF786628FF950F6C117D0321FBBDF750" ID-Table-UUID="DF786628FF950F6C117D0321FBBDF750" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF786628FF950F6C117D0321FBBDF750" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[267,1301,415,1374]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C117D0321FBBDF750" blockId="4.[264,1323,283,383]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF950F6C117D0321FEBCF71C" bold="true" box="[264,378,283,307]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric and meristic data of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF950F6C128D0326FBFAF71C" box="[760,1084,284,307]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF950F6C128D0326FBFAF71C" box="[760,1084,284,307]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ptychochromoides betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF950F6C141A0326FB7FF71C" box="[1135,1209,284,307]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF950F6C141A0326FB7FF71C" box="[1135,1209,284,307]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Measurements (mm) in percent standard length (SL) or percent head length (HL), unless noted otherwise. Numbers in parentheses correspond to number of individuals with indicated count.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C116403F3FAD3F373" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<table id="F907C400FF95F097117E03A5FAD3F371" box="[267,1301,415,1374]" gridcols="9" gridrows="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E03A5FAD3F404" box="[267,1301,415,555]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E03A5FDEDF404" box="[267,555,415,555]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">character Standard length (mm) Head length % SL</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A03A5FD92F404" box="[575,596,415,555]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">n 10 10</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D03A5FCE3F404" box="[616,805,415,555]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF950F6C12E303A5FCDFF79B" box="[662,793,415,436]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF950F6C12E303A5FCDFF79B" box="[662,793,415,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
range mean 125.0–320.0 175.3 30.0–33.8 32.2
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097133103A5FCACF404" box="[836,874,415,555]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">SD 1.09</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E703A5FC58F404" box="[914,926,415,555]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">n 4 3</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C903A5FBD6F404" box="[956,1040,415,555]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">holotype 123.2 31.1</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097145303A5FB43F404" box="[1062,1157,415,555]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF950F6C144603A5FBBEF79B" box="[1075,1144,415,436]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF950F6C144603A5FBBEF79B" box="[1075,1144,415,436]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
range 77.5–123.2 31.1–32.5
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE03A5FB09F404" box="[1179,1231,415,555]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">mean 99.6 31.6</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097148503A5FAD3F404" box="[1264,1301,415,555]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">SD 0.85</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E007BFAD3F479" box="[267,1301,577,598]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E007BFDEDF479" box="[267,555,577,598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Head width (max.) % SL</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A007BFD92F479" box="[575,596,577,598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D007BFCE3F479" box="[616,805,577,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">17.2–21.7 18.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F0971331007BFCACF479" box="[836,874,577,598]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.43</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E7007BFC58F479" box="[914,926,577,598]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C9007BFBD6F479" box="[956,1040,577,598]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">18.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F0971453007BFB43F479" box="[1062,1157,577,598]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">18.2–18.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE007BFB09F479" box="[1179,1231,577,598]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">18.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F0971485007BFAD3F479" box="[1264,1301,577,598]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.18</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E0056FAD3F4AE" box="[267,1301,620,641]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E0056FDEDF4AE" box="[267,555,620,641]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Body depth % SL</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A0056FD92F4AE" box="[575,596,620,641]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D0056FCE3F4AE" box="[616,805,620,641]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">45.5–52.5 47.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713310056FCACF4AE" box="[836,874,620,641]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.92</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E70056FC58F4AE" box="[914,926,620,641]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C90056FBD6F4AE" box="[956,1040,620,641]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">46.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714530056FB43F4AE" box="[1062,1157,620,641]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">45.2–46.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE0056FB09F4AE" box="[1179,1231,620,641]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">45.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714850056FAD3F4AE" box="[1264,1301,620,641]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.52</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E00ADFAD3F483" box="[267,1301,663,684]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E00ADFDEDF483" box="[267,555,663,684]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Predorsal length % SL</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A00ADFD92F483" box="[575,596,663,684]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D00ADFCE3F483" box="[616,805,663,684]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">40.4–46.2 42.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097133100ADFCACF483" box="[836,874,663,684]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.69</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E700ADFC58F483" box="[914,926,663,684]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C900ADFBD6F483" box="[956,1040,663,684]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">39.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097145300ADFB43F483" box="[1062,1157,663,684]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">39.3–40.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE00ADFB09F483" box="[1179,1231,663,684]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">39.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097148500ADFAD3F483" box="[1264,1301,663,684]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E00F8FAD3F5AB" box="[267,1301,706,900]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E00F8FDEDF5AB" box="[267,555,706,900]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Preanal length % SL Prepelvic length % SL Caudal peduncle length % SL Caudal peduncle width % SL Caudal peduncle depth % SL</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A00F8FD92F5AB" box="[575,596,706,900]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10 10 9 10 10</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D00F8FCE3F5AB" box="[616,805,706,900]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">69.8–75.4 72.3 39.5–42.7 41.0 12.9–18.8 15.3 5.8–9.5 7.6 16.2–17.5 17</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097133100F8FCACF5AB" box="[836,874,706,900]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.57 0.86 1.76 1.32 0.36</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E700F8FC58F5AB" box="[914,926,706,900]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3 3 3 3 3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C900F8FBD6F5AB" box="[956,1040,706,900]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">71.9 39.8 15.2 7.3 17.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097145300F8FB43F5AB" box="[1062,1157,706,900]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">71.9–73.3 39.8–43.6 14.6–15.2 6.8–7.4 15.8–17.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE00F8FB09F5AB" box="[1179,1231,706,900]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">72.6 41.2 15 7.1 16.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097148500F8FAD3F5AB" box="[1264,1301,706,900]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.54 1.72 0.3 0.26 0.75</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E01A0FAD3F580" box="[267,1301,922,943]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E01A0FDEDF580" box="[267,555,922,943]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pectoralfin length % SL</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A01A0FD92F580" box="[575,596,922,943]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D01A0FCE3F580" box="[616,805,922,943]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">21.9–27.4 24.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097133101A0FCACF580" box="[836,874,922,943]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.88</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E701A0FC58F580" box="[914,926,922,943]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C901A0FBD6F580" box="[956,1040,922,943]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">22.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097145301A0FB43F580" box="[1062,1157,922,943]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">22.8–23.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE01A0FB09F580" box="[1179,1231,922,943]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">23.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097148501A0FAD3F580" box="[1264,1301,922,943]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.27</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E01FFFAD3F5F5" box="[267,1301,965,986]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E01FFFDEDF5F5" box="[267,555,965,986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pelvicfin length % SL</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A01FFFD92F5F5" box="[575,596,965,986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D01FFFCE3F5F5" box="[616,805,965,986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">23.9–29.6 25.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097133101FFFCACF5F5" box="[836,874,965,986]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.57</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E701FFFC58F5F5" box="[914,926,965,986]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C901FFFBD6F5F5" box="[956,1040,965,986]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097145301FFFB43F5F5" box="[1062,1157,965,986]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27.4–27.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE01FFFB09F5F5" box="[1179,1231,965,986]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">27.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097148501FFFAD3F5F5" box="[1264,1301,965,986]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.09</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E01CAFAD3F22A" box="[267,1301,1008,1029]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E01CAFDEDF22A" box="[267,555,1008,1029]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Last dorsal spine length % SL</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A01CAFD92F22A" box="[575,596,1008,1029]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D01CAFCE3F22A" box="[616,805,1008,1029]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">11.4–13.9 13</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097133101CAFCACF22A" box="[836,874,1008,1029]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.97</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E701CAFC58F22A" box="[914,926,1008,1029]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C901CAFBD6F22A" box="[956,1040,1008,1029]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">16.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097145301CAFB43F22A" box="[1062,1157,1008,1029]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">14.1–16.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE01CAFB09F22A" box="[1179,1231,1008,1029]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">15.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097148501CAFAD3F22A" box="[1264,1301,1008,1029]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.97</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E0621FAD3F21F" box="[267,1301,1051,1072]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E0621FDEDF21F" box="[267,555,1051,1072]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Snout length % HL</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A0621FD92F21F" box="[575,596,1051,1072]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D0621FCE3F21F" box="[616,805,1051,1072]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">36.1–45.1 39.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713310621FCACF21F" box="[836,874,1051,1072]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.84</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E70621FC58F21F" box="[914,926,1051,1072]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C90621FBD6F21F" box="[956,1040,1051,1072]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">35.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714530621FB43F21F" box="[1062,1157,1051,1072]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">33.2–35.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE0621FB09F21F" box="[1179,1231,1051,1072]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">34.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714850621FAD3F21F" box="[1264,1301,1051,1072]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.07</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E067CFAD3F327" box="[267,1301,1094,1288]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E067CFDEDF327" box="[267,555,1094,1288]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Orbit diameter % HL Upper jaw length % HL Lower jaw length % HL Interorbital width % HL Preorbital depth % HL</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A067CFD92F327" box="[575,596,1094,1288]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">10 10 10 10 10</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D067CFCE3F327" box="[616,805,1094,1288]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">19.9–31.9 27.6 30.6–45.1 36.5 37.6–47.6 41.9 37.5–44.4 41.2 18.3–27.4 22.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F0971331067CFCACF327" box="[836,874,1094,1288]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3.72 3.96 3.20 1.90 2.33</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E7067CFC58F327" box="[914,926,1094,1288]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3 3 3 3 3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C9067CFBD6F327" box="[956,1040,1094,1288]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">30.3 33.7 41.0 42.3 20.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F0971453067CFB43F327" box="[1062,1157,1094,1288]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">30.3–33.6 33.3–34.6 40.0–43.0 38.5–42.3 17.8–20.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE067CFB09F327" box="[1179,1231,1094,1288]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">31.4 33.9 41.3 40.2 19.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F0971485067CFAD3F327" box="[1264,1301,1094,1288]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.51 0.54 1.25 1.60 0.99</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E0724FAD3F31C" box="[267,1301,1310,1331]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E0724FDEDF31C" box="[267,555,1310,1331]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caudal peduncle length/width</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A0724FD92F31C" box="[575,596,1310,1331]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D0724FCE3F31C" box="[616,805,1310,1331]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">1.6–2.5 2.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713310724FCACF31C" box="[836,874,1310,1331]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.26</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E70724FC58F31C" box="[914,926,1310,1331]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C90724FBD6F31C" box="[956,1040,1310,1331]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714530724FB43F31C" box="[1062,1157,1310,1331]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.1–2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE0724FB09F31C" box="[1179,1231,1310,1331]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">2.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714850724FAD3F31C" box="[1264,1301,1310,1331]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.04</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF95F097117E0773FAD3F371" box="[267,1301,1353,1374]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF95F097117E0773FDEDF371" box="[267,555,1353,1374]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Caudal peduncle length/depth</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097124A0773FD92F371" box="[575,596,1353,1374]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">9</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F097121D0773FCE3F371" box="[616,805,1353,1374]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.8–1.1 0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713310773FCACF371" box="[836,874,1353,1374]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713E70773FC58F371" box="[914,926,1353,1374]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09713C90773FBD6F371" box="[956,1040,1353,1374]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714530773FB43F371" box="[1062,1157,1353,1374]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.8–1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714EE0773FB09F371" box="[1179,1231,1353,1374]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF95F09714850773FAD3F371" box="[1264,1301,1353,1374]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">0.05</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C117E0798FC03F39A" blockId="4.[267,1283,1442,1699]" box="[267,965,1442,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Scales in lateral line 6 34 (2), 35 (2), 36 (1), 37 (1) 2 35</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C117E07FDFBF9F3F5" blockId="4.[267,1283,1442,1699]" box="[267,1087,1479,1500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Scales: lateral line to dorsal fin 8 5 (4), 6 (4) 3 5 (1), 5.5 (2) (H)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C117E07D7FAC5F3D0" blockId="4.[267,1283,1442,1699]" box="[267,1283,1516,1538]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dorsal fin 9 XIV 11 (3), XIV 12 (4), XIV 13 4 XIV 11 (1), XIV 12 (2), XIV 13 (1) (H)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C122A0433FD1CF033" blockId="4.[267,1283,1442,1699]" box="[607,730,1545,1564]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">(1), XV 12 (1)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C117E041DFBBEF016" blockId="4.[267,1283,1442,1699]" box="[267,1144,1574,1598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Anal fin 9
|
||
<date id="FFB91060FF950F6C122A0411FD43F011" box="[607,645,1579,1598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">III 9</date>
|
||
(3),
|
||
<date id="FFB91060FF950F6C12D80411FD1BF011" box="[685,733,1579,1598]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1910-03">III 10</date>
|
||
(6)
|
||
<date id="FFB91060FF950F6C13E6041CFC19F016" box="[915,991,1574,1593]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1910-03-04">4 III 10</date>
|
||
(3),
|
||
<date id="FFB91060FF950F6C147C041CFBF1F016" box="[1033,1079,1574,1593]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1911-03">III 11</date>
|
||
(1) (H)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C117E0475FB32F04E" blockId="4.[267,1283,1442,1699]" box="[267,1268,1614,1636]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Vertebrae (precaudal+caudal) 7 14 + 14 = 28 (1), 15 + 14 =
|
||
<date id="FFB91060FF950F6C13380474FC03F04E" box="[845,965,1614,1633]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1915-04-29">29 4 15</date>
|
||
+ 14 = 29 (3), 15 + 15 = 30 (1) (H)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C122A0451FCC8F051" blockId="4.[267,1283,1442,1699]" box="[607,782,1643,1662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">(5), 15 + 15 = 30 (1)</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6C117E04B4FB85F08F" blockId="4.[267,1283,1442,1699]" box="[267,1091,1677,1699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Gill rakers (lower limb) 10 10 (4), 11 (5), 13 (1) 3 10 (1), 11 (2) (H)</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D652BFF950F63114D0539FC82F0C6" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF950F6D114D0539FAEDF412" blockId="4.[264,1323,1795,1896]" lastBlockId="5.[264,1324,284,1897]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF950F6C114D0539FE0CF133" box="[312,458,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Descriptive morphometric and meristic features for the new species and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF950F6C117D0513FE6DF16D" box="[264,427,1833,1858]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF950F6C117D0513FE6DF16D" box="[264,427,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are summarized in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C685031BFF950F6C12EE0513FD33F16C" box="[667,757,1833,1859]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[264,352,283,307]" captionTargetBox="[267,1301,415,1374]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric and meristic data of Ptychochromoides betsileanus and P. itasy. Measurements (mm) in percent standard length (SL) or percent head length (HL), unless noted otherwise. Numbers in parentheses correspond to number of individuals with indicated count." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF786628FF950F6C117D0321FBBDF750" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableUuid="DF786628FF950F6C117D0321FBBDF750">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. A relatively small, deep bodied, and laterally compressed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF950F6C11EE0574FDB2F148" box="[411,628,1870,1895]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF950F6C11EE0574FDB2F148" box="[411,628,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Jaws isognathous to slightly retrognathous. Dorsal body profile more or less straight posterior of occipital hump. Ventral body profile moderately convex. Predorsal profile strongly convex, even in smallest specimen examined (UMMZ 199409,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF9B45FF940F6D111B035DFE11F7AE" box="[366,471,359,385]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="91.2">91.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL), an immature female, owing to prominent adipose occipital hump in both sexes. Radiographs reveal an accumulation of adipose tissue dorsal to supraoccipital and frontal bones (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF940F6D1198038BFCBCF7E4" author="Sparks" box="[493,890,433,459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="14" refString="Sparks, J. S. & Reinthal, P. N. (2001) A new species of Ptychochromoides from southeastern Madagascar (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with comments on monophyly and relationships of the ptychochromine cichlids. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 12, 115 - 132." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="b">Sparks & Reinthal 2001: fig. 5b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Snout relatively straight. Mouth small and oblique, lips not fleshy. Caudal peduncle short, laterally compressed, and deep. Supraoccipital crest short and deep. Dorsomedial gap present between frontal and supraoccipital bones; suture between bones pronounced (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF940F6D13D60019FADBF412" author="Sparks" box="[931,1309,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="14" refString="Sparks, J. S. & Reinthal, P. N. (2001) A new species of Ptychochromoides from southeastern Madagascar (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with comments on monophyly and relationships of the ptychochromine cichlids. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 12, 115 - 132." type="journal article" year="2001" yearSuffix="b">Sparks & Reinthal 2001: fig. 5b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF940F6D114D0073FB22F44C" blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1897]" box="[312,1252,585,611]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Vertebrae. Total vertebral count 29 or 30 [formulae: 15 + 14 (3) or 15 + 15 (1)].</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF940F6D114D004BFDF4F58C" blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Teeth. Buccal dentition comprised of closely set, distally expanded, bilaterally symmetrical bicuspid teeth. Oral teeth range from weakly to strongly bicuspid. Dentition covers slightly more than 3/4 of premaxillary arcade, and approximately anterior 3/4 of dentary. Outer row teeth enlarged and graded in size laterally. Anteriorly, outer row teeth procumbently implanted in both upper and lower jaws. Both upper and lower jaws with two to four inner rows of smaller, bilaterally symmetrical, bicuspid teeth. Inner row teeth generally not expanded at crown. Inner row teeth usually symmetrically bicuspid, but may be conical and unicuspid.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF940F6D114D018BFC0AF39E" blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pharyngeal toothplates. Lower pharyngeal jaw (LPJ) robust, covered both anteriorly and posterolaterally with weakly hooked, bicuspid teeth. Posteriorly, teeth more strongly hooked and bicuspid. Teeth increasingly robust medially, becoming quite enlarged but not molariform, particularly posteromedially on LPJ. Posteromedial teeth enlarged and cylindrical with single, short median cusp at posterior margin (i.e., markedly enlarged hooked and bicuspid teeth). LPJ wider than long and fully sutured with weak interdigitations along posteroventral margin. Teeth on pharyngobranchial 3 hooked and bicuspid laterally, robust and enlarged (but not molariform) medially. Single row of dentition present on elongate 2nd pharyngobranchial toothplate, characteristic of genus. Teeth on 2nd pharyngobranchial toothplate elongate, hooked and bicuspid. Welldeveloped toothplates present on dorsal surface of 4th ceratobranchial bones, confluent with outer row of rakers. Dentition on 4th ceratobranchial toothplates ranges from elongate, conical, and unicuspid (laterally) to weakly hooked and bicuspid (medially).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF940F6D114D0785FC66F08E" blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Gill rakers. Ten or 11 elongate and triangular gill rakers present along lower limb of first gill arch, including raker in angle of arch. Ceratobranchial rakers on first gill arch denticulate medially. Ceratobranchial rakers on gill arches 2 through 4 strongly denticulate dorsally. Five to seven elongate rakers present on first epibranchial bone. Low count of five corresponds to alcoholic specimens in which reduced dorsalmost rakers possibly occluded by tissue. Pseudobranch exposed and gilllike.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF940F6E114D0495FC03F7A9" blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1897]" lastBlockId="6.[264,1324,284,670]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Squamation. Body covered with large and regularly imbricate scales from approximately midorbit (dorsal margin) to origin of caudal fin. Scales on chest and belly somewhat reduced in size and embedded. Body scaled except snout, lachrymal, and preopercle. Scales on head, cheek, nape, opercle, ventral chest, and belly cycloid. Cheek scales in two to three rows. Lateral body scales weakly ctenoid anteriorly, becoming increasingly ctenoid posteriorly. Scales on caudal fin, posterior of hypural flexure, cycloid and reduced in size. Cycloid scales of reduced size also present in one or two rows along dorsal and analfin bases. Lateral line canal and pores well developed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF970F6E114D03AEFCD9F4B1" blockId="6.[264,1324,284,670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fins. Dorsal fin with XIV spines and 11–13 soft rays. Anal fin with III spines and 10 or 11 soft rays. First anal spine very short, whereas second and third spines elongate and practically equal in length. Soft dorsal and anal fins produced, trailing margins filamentous and extending well past caudalfin origin. Origin of dorsal fin located approximately at vertical through pectoralfin insertion. Origin of pelvic fins located well posterior of vertical through pectoralfin insertion. Pelvic fins short, extend to or just past anus when adducted. Caudal fin moderately emarginate.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF786628FF970F6E117D0697FE49F2C8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169019/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[264,1322,753,1186]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF970F6E117D0697FE49F2C8" blockId="6.[264,1323,1197,1255]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF970F6E117D0697FE4AF2EA" bold="true" box="[264,396,1197,1221]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF970F6E11E10694FD54F2EA" box="[404,658,1198,1221]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF970F6E11E10694FD54F2EA" box="[404,658,1198,1221]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ptychochromoides itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype, UMMZ 243393, immature female, 123.2 mm SL; Madagascar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF786628FF970F6E117D04F8FE49F0D3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169020/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[264,1322,1333,1722]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF970F6E117D04F8FE49F0D3" blockId="6.[264,1322,1730,1788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF970F6E117D04F8FE48F0F5" bold="true" box="[264,398,1730,1754]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF970F6E11EC04F8FD5FF0F6" box="[409,665,1730,1753]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF970F6E11EC04F8FD5FF0F6" box="[409,665,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ptychochromoides itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paratype, AMNH 233643, immature male, 106.3 mm SL; Madagascar.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF960F6F114D0326FCC4F454" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F114D0326FD0CF71A" box="[312,714,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Additional remarks on osteology.</emphasis>
|
||
Suture between frontal bones and supraoccipital with dorsal gap and expansion (= convexity) of frontal bones. Lachrymal of plesiomorphic condition within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F127F0356FDBBF7A9" box="[522,637,364,390]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cichlidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, being subdivided into two broadly contiguous plates (i.e., lachrymal and ‘primitive second infraorbital’ of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F132103AEFBC9F781" author="Cichocki" box="[852,1039,404,430]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Cichocki, F. P. (1976) Cladistic history of cichlid fishes and reproductive strategies of the American genera Acarichthys, Biotodoma, and Geophagus. Vol. 1, Unpublished PhD thesis. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor." type="journal volume" year="1976">Cichocki, 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Lachrymal with four marginallydirected canals. Bones composing infraorbital series robust and well ossified. Two arms of first epibranchial bone of relatively same length. Median frontal pores of neurocranium (NLF0 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F12540036FD2AF409" author="Barel" box="[545,748,524,550]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Barel, C. D. N., Van Oijen, M. J. P, Witte, F. & Witte-Maas, E. (1977) An introduction to the taxonomy and morphology of the haplochromine Cichlidae from Lake Victoria. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 27, 333 - 389." type="journal article" year="1977">
|
||
Barel
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F12120036FD6CF40A" box="[615,682,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et. al.</emphasis>
|
||
1977
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) separate, not coalesced in the midline. Exoccipital foramina present, however, these excavations much smaller and less developed than in etropline cichlids (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F1191005BFDA8F455" box="[484,622,609,634]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Paretroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F1191005BFDA8F455" box="[484,622,609,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paretroplus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F12F8005BFD37F455" box="[653,753,609,634]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Etroplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F12F8005BFD37F455" box="[653,753,609,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Etroplus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF960F6F114D00B3FD5AF48C" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,1905]" box="[312,668,649,675]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F114D00B3FDCDF48D" box="[312,523,649,674]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Not known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF960F6F114D008BFEBDF514" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F114D008BFDBDF4E5" box="[312,635,689,714]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coloration in preservative.</emphasis>
|
||
Overall ground coloration golden brown and somewhat blotchy, with no distinctive markings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133C2A25FF960F6F12BE00EDFCFAF4DE" box="[715,828,727,753]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="6.[264,368,1197,1221]" captionStartId-1="6.[264,368,1730,1754]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1322,753,1186]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1322,1333,1722]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[264,1323,752,1190]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[264,1323,1331,1723]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Ptychochromoides itasy, holotype, UMMZ 243393, immature female, 123.2 mm SL; Madagascar." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Ptychochromoides itasy, paratype, AMNH 233643, immature male, 106.3 mm SL; Madagascar." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/169019/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/169020/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Notably, all available specimens appear relatively faded in preservative. Body slightly darker along dorsal midline. Fin rays grayishblack.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF960F6F114D017DFBF2F28E" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F114D017DFD9BF54F" box="[312,605,839,864]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Habitat and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Of the four specimens in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC8802FF960F6F13B1017DFC30F54E" box="[964,1014,839,865]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series, only one is known for certain to have been collected in Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F137A0155FC8EF5A6" box="[783,840,879,905]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNHN 191911,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF9B45FF960F6F14410155FB66F5A6" box="[1076,1184,879,905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="77.5">77.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL, C&S). Based on morphological similarities to the unquestionable Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F147401ADFBFCF59E" box="[1025,1082,919,945]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen, the other three members of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC8802FF960F6F127B0185FD86F5F6" box="[526,576,959,985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series (AMNH 233643, UMMZ 199409, UMMZ 243393) are presumed also to have been collected from Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F131101DDFC5BF22E" box="[868,925,999,1025]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
or the surrounding region. The three latter specimens were transferred from MNHN (formerly MNHN 1907105, 106, 107) to UMMZ as gifts in the early 1970s and, other than 'Madagascar', are accompanied by no additional collection locality information. Likewise, no further collection locality information was available for these specimens in the MNHN records.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF960F6F114D0695FCADF026" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,1905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Based on available habitat data for all nominal species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F145E0695FAC2F2E7" box="[1067,1284,1199,1224]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F145E0695FAC2F2E7" box="[1067,1284,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it appears that these cichlids are restricted to relatively undisturbed highland rivers, streams, and lakes that are welloxygenated and that remain cool throughout the year (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F14E506C5FAE0F336" author="Kiener" box="[1168,1318,1279,1305]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. (1959) Le " Marakely a bosse " de Madagascar. Bulletin de Madagascar, 157, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1959">Kiener 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F117D071DFE80F36E" author="Kiener" box="[264,326,1319,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. (1963) Poissons, peche et pisciculture a Madagascar. Publication Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, 24, 1 - 244." type="journal article" year="1963">1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F1126071DFD40F36E" author="Reinthal" box="[339,646,1319,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Reinthal, P. N. & Stiassny, M. L. J. (1997) Revision of the Madagascan genus Ptychochromoides (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with description of a new species. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 7, 353 - 368." type="journal article" year="1997">Reinthal & Stiassny 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F12E6071DFC70F36E" author="Sparks" box="[659,950,1319,1345]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Sparks, J. S. & Reinthal, P. N. (2001) A new species of Ptychochromoides from southeastern Madagascar (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with comments on monophyly and relationships of the ptychochromine cichlids. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 12, 115 - 132." type="journal article" year="2001">Sparks & Reinthal 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F13A7071DFB6DF36F" box="[978,1195,1319,1344]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F13A7071DFB6DF36F" box="[978,1195,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are absent from regions of the island where there has been a high degree of erosion and siltation as a result of deforestation and/or the introduction of numerous exotic species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F14F9074DFAE3F3BE" author="Kiener" box="[1164,1317,1399,1425]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. (1959) Le " Marakely a bosse " de Madagascar. Bulletin de Madagascar, 157, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1959">Kiener 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F117D07A5FDE0F396" author="Sparks" box="[264,550,1439,1465]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Sparks, J. S. & Reinthal, P. N. (2001) A new species of Ptychochromoides from southeastern Madagascar (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with comments on monophyly and relationships of the ptychochromine cichlids. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 12, 115 - 132." type="journal article" year="2001">Sparks & Reinthal 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Members of the genus are also absent from lowland and coastal areas. Unlike some species of the closely related genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F13D307FDFB92F3CF" box="[934,1108,1479,1504]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F13D307FDFB92F3CF" box="[934,1108,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ptychochromis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F148F07FDFE7CF027" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F148F07FDFE7CF027" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not enter brackish water habitats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF960F60114D042DFB87F539" blockId="7.[264,1323,284,1905]" lastBlockId="8.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Regrettably, it appears that the Lac
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F128D042DFCF7F01E" box="[760,817,1559,1585]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
population of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F1398042DFB00F01F" box="[1005,1222,1559,1584]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F1398042DFB00F01F" box="[1005,1222,1559,1584]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F1560042DFEF9F077" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F1560042DFEF9F077" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is extinct. Despite claims of its persistence in the upper reaches of the Tsiribihina and Betsiboka drainages by local residents, repeated efforts over the past decades to collect additional material of
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F123304B5FD5CF087" box="[582,666,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
from either basin have been unsuccessful (P. Loiselle, pers. comm.). Fisheries researchers studied Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F1307048DFC6DF0FE" box="[882,939,1719,1745]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
for a number of years (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F14AC048DFE83F0D6" author="Kiener" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. (1959) Le " Marakely a bosse " de Madagascar. Bulletin de Madagascar, 157, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1959">Kiener 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F112604E5FE57F0D6" author="Kiener" box="[339,401,1759,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. (1963) Poissons, peche et pisciculture a Madagascar. Publication Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, 24, 1 - 244." type="journal article" year="1963">1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F11EB04E5FD76F0D6" author="Kiener" box="[414,688,1759,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. & Mauge, M. (1966) Contribution a l'etude systematique et ecologique des poissons Cichlidae endemiques de Madagascar. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Serie A, Zoologie, 40, 51 - 99." type="journal article" year="1966">Kiener & Maugé 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF960F6F130604E5FBD2F0D6" author="Kiener" box="[883,1044,1759,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. (1959) Le " Marakely a bosse " de Madagascar. Bulletin de Madagascar, 157, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1959">Kiener (1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 3, 1963: 167),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F14BA04E5FE49F10F" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF960F6F14BA04E5FE49F10F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were once so abundant in Lac
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF960F6F1370053DFCF8F10E" box="[773,830,1799,1825]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
that they accounted for a significant proportion of the overall catch from that basin. Concomitant with a decline in water quality due to human mediated disturbances, particularly overfishing and the introduction of a number of exotic species, was the rapid decline of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6013190326FB83F71A" box="[876,1093,284,309]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6013190326FB83F71A" box="[876,1093,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other endemic fish species throughout the region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF990F6012D4037EFC16F771" author="Reinthal" box="[673,976,324,350]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Reinthal, P. N. & Stiassny, M. L. J. (1991) The freshwater fishes of Madagascar: a study of an endangered fauna with recommendations for a conservation strategy. Conservation Biology, 5, 231 - 243." type="journal article" year="1991">Reinthal & Stiassny 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF990F60138B037EFAD9F771" author="Rham" box="[1022,1311,324,350]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Rham, P. de & Nourissat, J. - C. (2002) Les cichlides endemiques de Madagascar. Association France Cichlid. Sagrafic, Barcelona, Spain, 190 pp." type="book" year="2002">Rham & Nourissat 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF990F60117D0356FEECF7A9" box="[264,298,364,390]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF990F6011410356FD47F7A9" author="Rham" box="[308,641,364,390]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Rham, P. de & Nourissat, J. - C. (2002) Les cichlides endemiques de Madagascar. Association France Cichlid. Sagrafic, Barcelona, Spain, 190 pp." type="book" year="2002">Rham and Nourissat (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
hypothesize that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6013220356FBF6F7AA" box="[855,1072,364,389]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6013220356FBF6F7AA" box="[855,1072,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was extirpated from the Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F60110203AEFE76F781" box="[375,432,404,430]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
(central highland) region by the early 1960s.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF990F6013AC03AEFC3FF781" box="[985,1017,404,430]" name="American Samoa" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
the small size of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC8802FF990F60148D03AEFAEDF781" box="[1272,1323,404,430]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series attests, extremely little material from the region was preserved and deposited in museum collections, despite numerous claims regarding the former abundance of the species. This unfortunate situation underscores the importance of preserving and depositing voucher material for future study. Lac
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6012BB000EFCCEF461" box="[718,776,564,590]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a large crater lake, and the surrounding region are highly disturbed (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF990F6012490066FCA8F459" author="Rham" box="[572,878,604,630]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Rham, P. de & Nourissat, J. - C. (2002) Les cichlides endemiques de Madagascar. Association France Cichlid. Sagrafic, Barcelona, Spain, 190 pp." type="book" year="2002">Rham & Nourissat 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; M. Stiassny & Paul Loiselle, pers. comm.), and these basins are now home to a number of exotic species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF990F6014D400BEFE76F4E9" author="Reinthal" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Reinthal, P. N. & Stiassny, M. L. J. (1991) The freshwater fishes of Madagascar: a study of an endangered fauna with recommendations for a conservation strategy. Conservation Biology, 5, 231 - 243." type="journal article" year="1991">Reinthal & Stiassny 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). No specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6012EE0096FCB2F4EA" box="[667,884,684,709]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6012EE0096FCB2F4EA" box="[667,884,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been collected from the lake or surrounding basins in several decades, despite multiple attempts by various research groups (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF990F60111200C6FD51F539" author="Reinthal" box="[359,663,764,790]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Reinthal, P. N. & Stiassny, M. L. J. (1991) The freshwater fishes of Madagascar: a study of an endangered fauna with recommendations for a conservation strategy. Conservation Biology, 5, 231 - 243." type="journal article" year="1991">Reinthal & Stiassny 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF990F6012D100C6FD24F539" author="Reinthal" box="[676,738,764,790]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Reinthal, P. N. & Stiassny, M. L. J. (1997) Revision of the Madagascan genus Ptychochromoides (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with description of a new species. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 7, 353 - 368." type="journal article" year="1997">1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF990F60136400C6FBF3F539" author="Rham" box="[785,1077,764,790]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Rham, P. de & Nourissat, J. - C. (2002) Les cichlides endemiques de Madagascar. Association France Cichlid. Sagrafic, Barcelona, Spain, 190 pp." type="book" year="2002">Rham & Nourissat 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF990F60114D011EFCD2F391" blockId="8.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60114D011EFC11F512" box="[312,983,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Relationships and comparisons.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6012CB011EFC11F512" box="[702,983,804,829]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Ptychochromoides itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
represents the fourth species of the genus to be described. All species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6013630176FC29F54A" box="[790,1007,844,869]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6013630176FC29F54A" box="[790,1007,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibit allopatric distributions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133C2A25FF990F601120014EFE58F5A1" box="[341,414,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[264,367,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[291,1296,660,1814]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[291,1296,660,1815]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Madagascar indicating recent or verifiable (Lake Itasy) collection localities for members of Ptychochromoides and Oxylapia polli." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157249/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Given that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F601225014EFCEFF5A2" box="[592,809,884,909]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F601225014EFCEFF5A2" box="[592,809,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not monophyletic, and that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6014D0014EFACAF5A2" box="[1189,1292,884,909]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="katria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6014D0014EFACAF5A2" box="[1189,1292,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. katria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recovered as the sister taxon to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6012EE01A6FC8CF59A" box="[667,842,924,949]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6012EE01A6FC8CF59A" box="[667,842,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ptychochromis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in recent phylogenetic studies (Sparks 2003, 2004), generic comparisons are restricted to members of a clade comprising
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6014BA01FEFDD9F22A" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6014BA01FEFDD9F22A" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ptychochromoides betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F60124401D6FD78F22A" box="[561,702,1004,1029]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60124401D6FD78F22A" box="[561,702,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60137301D6FC9CF22A" box="[774,858,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
. Based on the analysis of nucleotide characters,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6011FB062EFDF1F202" box="[398,567,1044,1069]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Oxylapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6011FB062EFDF1F202" box="[398,567,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oxylapia polli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recovered as the sister taxon to this latter clade (Sparks 2003, 2004). Based on morphological comparisons, the new species is the hypothesized sister taxon to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F601101065EFDD1F252" box="[372,535,1124,1149]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F601101065EFDD1F252" box="[372,535,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with which it shares the following features (that are absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F601560065EFEB2F28A" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F601560065EFEB2F28A" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
): 1) A deep supraoccipital crest in which there is a marked concavity between the frontal bones and supraoccipital in lateral view (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF990F60130D068EFB28F2E1" author="Sparks" box="[888,1262,1204,1230]" pageId="8" pageNumber="14" refString="Sparks, J. S. & Reinthal, P. N. (2001) A new species of Ptychochromoides from southeastern Madagascar (Teleostei: Cichlidae), with comments on monophyly and relationships of the ptychochromine cichlids. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters 12, 115 - 132." type="journal article" year="2001">Sparks & Reinthal 2001: fig. 5</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). 2) The soft dorsal and anal fins are produced and the trailing margins are elongate and filamentous, extending well beyond origin of the caudal fin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133C2A25FF990F6013DE073EFBD8F331" box="[939,1054,1284,1310]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="6.[264,368,1197,1221]" captionStartId-1="6.[264,368,1730,1754]" captionStartId-2="9.[264,368,1799,1823]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1322,753,1186]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1322,1333,1722]" captionTargetBox-2="[264,1322,1354,1788]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[264,1323,752,1190]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[264,1323,1331,1723]" captionTargetId-2="figure@9.[264,1323,1353,1791]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Ptychochromoides itasy, holotype, UMMZ 243393, immature female, 123.2 mm SL; Madagascar." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Ptychochromoides itasy, paratype, AMNH 233643, immature male, 106.3 mm SL; Madagascar." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Ptychochromoides betsileanus, lectotype, BMNH 1882.2.25: 69, adult male, 159.6 mm SL; Madagascar: Betsileo region. Right side illustrated due to damage to left side (image reversed)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/169019/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/169020/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/169021/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
|
||
). 3) Origin of the dorsal fin is located slightly posterior to a vertical through pectoralfin insertion, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6015600716FEB2F342" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6015600716FEB2F342" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
dorsalfin origin is located well posterior to a vertical through pectoralfin insertion. In general,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6011A40746FDB7F3BA" box="[465,625,1404,1429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6011A40746FDB7F3BA" box="[465,625,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6012DE0746FD3DF3BA" box="[683,763,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
are also deeper bodied than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F60143B0746FB1EF3BA" box="[1102,1240,1404,1429]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60143B0746FB1EF3BA" box="[1102,1240,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(45.2– 52.5% SL vs. 39.4–47.3% SL, respectively).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF990F61114D07F6FE6BF7F9" blockId="8.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastBlockId="9.[264,1323,284,470]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
A sheared principal components analysis of 13 morphometric variables separated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F60156007F6FE4AF022" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60156007F6FE4AF022" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6011EE07CEFE2DF022" box="[411,491,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
, and two anomalous specimens (MNHN 1907104,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F60142707CEFAEDF022" box="[1106,1323,1524,1549]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60142707CEFAEDF022" box="[1106,1323,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.) into three essentially nonoverlapping clusters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133C2A25FF990F6013030426FC07F019" box="[886,961,1564,1590]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[264,367,1212,1236]" captionTargetBox="[373,1210,325,1181]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[369,1211,321,1187]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scatterplot of sheared second and third PC scores of 13 logtransformed morphometric variables of Ptychochromoides betsileanus (n = 10; triangles), P. itasy (n = 3; squares), and Ptychochromoides sp (MNHN 1907 104; n = 2; circles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157253/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Other than
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF990F6014180426FB3AF019" box="[1133,1276,1564,1590]" name="Madagascar" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, no more precise collection locality information is available for these latter two specimens in the MNHN database. Sheared PC2 loaded heavily for preorbital depth and upper jaw length, whereas sheared PC3 loaded heavily for predorsal length and orbit diameter (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C685031BFF990F60149D04AEFEDFF0F9" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[264,352,563,587]" captionTargetBox="[267,1224,657,1231]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Loadings of morphometric variables in sheared principal components analysis of Ptychochromoides betsileanus, P. i t a s y, and Ptychochromoides sp. (MNHN 1907 104)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF786628FF980F61117D0009FB45F444" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" tableUuid="DF786628FF980F61117D0009FB45F444">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Discrimination of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F60126C0486FD7BF0FA" box="[537,701,1724,1749]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60126C0486FD7BF0FA" box="[537,701,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60128E0486FC88F0FA" box="[763,846,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
occurred along sheared PC 3, whereas sheared PC2 clearly separated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F60120E04DEFCD9F0D2" box="[635,799,1764,1789]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60120E04DEFCD9F0D2" box="[635,799,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F60132804DEFC61F0D2" box="[861,935,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P.i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
from the two anomalous specimens (MNHN 1907104) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133C2A25FF990F6012380536FD5EF109" box="[589,664,1804,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[264,367,1212,1236]" captionTargetBox="[373,1210,325,1181]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[369,1211,321,1187]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Scatterplot of sheared second and third PC scores of 13 logtransformed morphometric variables of Ptychochromoides betsileanus (n = 10; triangles), P. itasy (n = 3; squares), and Ptychochromoides sp (MNHN 1907 104; n = 2; circles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157253/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both sheared PC2 and sheared PC3 discriminate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF990F6015600536FEF9F162" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF990F6015600536FEF9F162" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the two MNHN specimens. Only a single proportional measurement (head length: 35.1–35.2% SL), a variable that does not load heavily on either sheared PC, separates the MNHN specimens (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF980F611211037EFCF8F772" box="[612,830,324,349]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF980F611211037EFCF8F772" box="[612,830,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.) from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF980F6113C9037EFB90F772" box="[956,1110,324,349]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF980F6113C9037EFB90F772" box="[956,1110,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P.betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(30.0–33.8% SL) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF980F6111490356FE54F7AA" box="[316,402,364,389]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF980F6111490356FE54F7AA" box="[316,402,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(31.1–32.5% SL). Thus, at the present time it seems premature to diagnose these two specimens (MNHN 1907104) as new on the basis of this single proportional measurement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF786628FF980F61117D0009FB45F444" ID-Table-UUID="DF786628FF980F61117D0009FB45F444" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF786628FF980F61117D0009FB45F444" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[267,1224,657,1231]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF980F61117D0009FB45F444" blockId="9.[264,1322,563,619]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF980F61117D0009FEBAF464" bold="true" box="[264,380,563,587]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Loadings of morphometric variables in sheared principal components analysis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF980F61148B000EFDEFF444" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF980F61148B000EFDEFF444" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ptychochromoides betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF980F611243006EFDB8F444" box="[566,638,596,619]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF980F6112CE006EFC47F444" box="[699,897,596,619]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF980F6112CE006EFC47F444" box="[699,897,596,619]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (MNHN 1907104).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF980F61117E00ABFB6EF2E0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<table id="F907C400FF98F097117E00ABFB0EF2E0" box="[267,1224,657,1231]" gridcols="3" gridrows="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E00ABFB0EF489" box="[267,1224,657,678]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E00ABFE78F489" box="[267,446,657,678]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Variable</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097136900ABFC53F489" box="[796,917,657,678]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sheared PC2</th>
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097142500ABFB0EF489" box="[1104,1224,657,678]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sheared PC3</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E0086FB0EF4FE" box="[267,1224,700,721]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E0086FE78F4FE" box="[267,446,700,721]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Standard length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09713690086FC53F4FE" box="[796,917,700,721]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.037</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09714250086FB0EF4FE" box="[1104,1224,700,721]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.053</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E00DCFB0EF4D4" box="[267,1224,742,763]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E00DCFE78F4D4" box="[267,446,742,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Head length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F097136900DCFC53F4D4" box="[796,917,742,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.097</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F097142500DCFB0EF4D4" box="[1104,1224,742,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.041</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E012BFB0EF509" box="[267,1224,785,806]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E012BFE78F509" box="[267,446,785,806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Snout length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F0971369012BFC53F509" box="[796,917,785,806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.072</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F0971425012BFB0EF509" box="[1104,1224,785,806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.117</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E0101FB0EF57F" box="[267,1224,827,848]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E0101FE78F57F" box="[267,446,827,848]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Orbit diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09713690101FC53F57F" box="[796,917,827,848]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.042</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09714250101FB0EF57F" box="[1104,1224,827,848]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.423</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E015CFB0EF554" box="[267,1224,870,891]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E015CFE78F554" box="[267,446,870,891]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Upper jaw length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F0971369015CFC53F554" box="[796,917,870,891]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.515</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F0971425015CFB0EF554" box="[1104,1224,870,891]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.337</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E01AAFB0EF58A" box="[267,1224,912,933]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E01AAFE78F58A" box="[267,446,912,933]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lower jaw length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F097136901AAFC53F58A" box="[796,917,912,933]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.319</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F097142501AAFB0EF58A" box="[1104,1224,912,933]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.272</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E0181FB0EF5FF" box="[267,1224,955,976]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E0181FE78F5FF" box="[267,446,955,976]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Interorbital width</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09713690181FC53F5FF" box="[796,917,955,976]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.097</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09714250181FB0EF5FF" box="[1104,1224,955,976]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.105</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E01DFFB0EF5D5" box="[267,1224,997,1018]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E01DFFE78F5D5" box="[267,446,997,1018]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Preorbital depth</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F097136901DFFC53F5D5" box="[796,917,997,1018]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.722</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F097142501DFFB0EF5D5" box="[1104,1224,997,1018]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.413</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E062AFB0EF20A" box="[267,1224,1040,1061]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E062AFE78F20A" box="[267,446,1040,1061]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pectoralfin length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F0971369062AFC53F20A" box="[796,917,1040,1061]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.118</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F0971425062AFB0EF20A" box="[1104,1224,1040,1061]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.341</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E0600FB0EF260" box="[267,1224,1082,1103]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E0600FE78F260" box="[267,446,1082,1103]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pelvicfin length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09713690600FC53F260" box="[796,917,1082,1103]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.198</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09714250600FB0EF260" box="[1104,1224,1082,1103]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.071</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E065FFB0EF255" box="[267,1224,1125,1146]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E065FFE78F255" box="[267,446,1125,1146]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Predorsal length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F0971369065FFC53F255" box="[796,917,1125,1146]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.124</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F0971425065FFB0EF255" box="[1104,1224,1125,1146]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.452</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E06B5FB0EF28B" box="[267,1224,1167,1188]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E06B5FE78F28B" box="[267,446,1167,1188]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Preanal length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F097136906B5FC53F28B" box="[796,917,1167,1188]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.025</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F097142506B5FB0EF28B" box="[1104,1224,1167,1188]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.297</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353734E2FF98F097117E0680FB0EF2E0" box="[267,1224,1210,1231]" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<th id="76E65D9EFF98F097117E0680FE78F2E0" box="[267,446,1210,1231]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Prepelvic length</th>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09713690680FC53F2E0" box="[796,917,1210,1231]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.125</td>
|
||
<td id="76E65D9EFF98F09714250680FB0EF2E0" box="[1104,1224,1210,1231]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">0.147</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF786628FF980F61117D053DFAEAF16E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169021/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[264,1322,1354,1788]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF980F61117D053DFAEAF16E" blockId="9.[264,1324,1799,1857]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF980F61117D053DFE4CF130" bold="true" box="[264,394,1799,1823]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF980F6111E40532FD13F130" box="[401,725,1800,1823]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF980F6111E40532FD13F130" box="[401,725,1800,1823]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ptychochromoides betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, lectotype, BMNH 1882.2.25:69, adult male, 159.6 mm SL; Madagascar: Betsileo region. Right side illustrated due to damage to left side (image reversed).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF786628FF9B0F62117D0686FCDFF337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157253/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[373,1210,325,1181]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF9B0F62117D0686FCDFF337" blockId="10.[264,1323,1212,1305]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9B0F62117D0686FE4FF2FB" bold="true" box="[264,393,1212,1236]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Scatterplot of sheared second and third PC scores of 13 logtransformed morphometric variables of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9B0F6211F906E5FD16F2D9" box="[396,720,1247,1270]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9B0F6211F906E5FD16F2D9" box="[396,720,1247,1270]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ptychochromoides betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 10; triangles),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9B0F6213D106E5FC36F2D9" box="[932,1008,1247,1270]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9B0F6213D106E5FC36F2D9" box="[932,1008,1247,1270]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 3; squares), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9B0F6214AD06E5FE45F336" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9B0F6214AD06E5FE45F336" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp (MNHN 1907104; n = 2; circles).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF9B0F62114D0750FB1CF3D3" blockId="10.[264,1324,1386,1892]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
In addition to the features listed in the differential diagnosis,
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9B0F62147B0750FB99F3AC" box="[1038,1119,1386,1411]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
is further distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9B0F6211D807A8FDF1F384" box="[429,567,1426,1451]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9B0F6211D807A8FDF1F384" box="[429,567,1426,1451]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a deeper caudal peduncle (15.8–17.5% vs. 12.9–14.8% SL), shorter head length (31.1–32.5% vs. 33.6–36.5% SL), longer pelvic fin (27.4–27.6% vs. 23.6–26.7% SL), and fewer scales in lateral series (35 vs. 36–40) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133C2A25FF9B0F62146607D8FB44F3D3" box="[1043,1154,1506,1532]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="6.[264,368,1197,1221]" captionStartId-1="6.[264,368,1730,1754]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1322,753,1186]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1322,1333,1722]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[264,1323,752,1190]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[264,1323,1331,1723]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Ptychochromoides itasy, holotype, UMMZ 243393, immature female, 123.2 mm SL; Madagascar." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Ptychochromoides itasy, paratype, AMNH 233643, immature male, 106.3 mm SL; Madagascar." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/169019/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/169020/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="133C2A25FF9B0F6214CE07D8FB0AF3D3" box="[1211,1228,1506,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[264,368,958,982]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,486,934]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[264,1323,486,934]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ptychochromoides vondrozo, holotype, UMMZ 235297, adult female, 182.0 mm SL; Madagascar: Fianarantsoa Province: Ramanara River. Right side illustrated due to distortion of specimen (image reversed). Photograph by Heok Hee Ng." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169022/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF9B0F63114D0430FEA2F7A9" blockId="10.[264,1324,1386,1892]" lastBlockId="11.[264,1323,284,390]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC8802FF9B0F6211180430FE66F00B" box="[365,416,1546,1572]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9B0F62123C0430FD2CF00C" box="[585,746,1546,1571]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9B0F62123C0430FD2CF00C" box="[585,746,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF9B0F6213FB0430FB98F00B" author="Boulenger" box="[910,1118,1546,1572]" pageId="10" pageNumber="14" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1899) A revision of the African and Syrian fishes of the family Cichlidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899, 98 - 143." type="proceedings paper" year="1899">Boulenger (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were supposedly collected from within the Betsileo region, ranging from southern central to southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF9B0F6214AB0408FE93F05B" name="Madagascar" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, however specific locality information is lacking. All catalogued specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9B0F62148F0460FE7CF0B4" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9B0F62148F0460FE7CF0B4" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in museum collections were examined during this study. Available collection locality data indicates that only a single immature specimen (MNHN 191911,
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF9B45FF9B0F62117D04E8FEA9F0C3" box="[264,367,1746,1772]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="77.5">77.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL, C&S) can be determined with certainty to have originated from the Lac
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9B0F62148404E8FAECF0C3" box="[1265,1322,1746,1772]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
(central highland) region. This is surprising as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9B0F62133104C0FBDBF13C" box="[836,1053,1786,1811]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9B0F62133104C0FBDBF13C" box="[836,1053,1786,1811]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ptychochromoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were reported to have been abundant in Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9B0F6212690518FD93F113" box="[540,597,1826,1852]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
up until the late 1950s (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF9B0F6213010518FBCDF113" author="Kiener" box="[884,1035,1826,1852]" pageId="10" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. (1959) Le " Marakely a bosse " de Madagascar. Bulletin de Madagascar, 157, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1959">Kiener 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF9B0F62146D0518FB90F113" author="Kiener" box="[1048,1110,1826,1852]" pageId="10" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. (1963) Poissons, peche et pisciculture a Madagascar. Publication Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, 24, 1 - 244." type="journal article" year="1963">1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF9B0F6214160518FE81F14B" author="Kiener" pageId="10" pageNumber="14" refString="Kiener, A. & Mauge, M. (1966) Contribution a l'etude systematique et ecologique des poissons Cichlidae endemiques de Madagascar. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, Serie A, Zoologie, 40, 51 - 99." type="journal article" year="1966">Kiener & Maugé 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Based on morphological similarities with this individual, it is concluded that the three additional specimens of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC8802FF9A0F6312E50326FD05F719" box="[656,707,284,310]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F6313470326FC47F71A" box="[818,897,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
that lack specific collection locality data are also from the central highlands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF9A0F63128B037EFC4AF771" box="[766,908,324,350]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(i.e., Lake
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9A0F631467037EFB8DF771" box="[1042,1099,324,350]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">Itasy</taxonomicName>
|
||
or the surrounding region).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF786628FF9A0F63117D0184FCB7F234" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/169022/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[264,1323,486,934]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF9A0F63117D0184FCB7F234" blockId="11.[264,1322,958,1051]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F63117D0184FE4AF5F9" bold="true" box="[264,396,958,982]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9A0F6311E10185FD02F5F9" box="[404,708,959,982]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vondrozo">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F6311E10185FD02F5F9" box="[404,708,959,982]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ptychochromoides vondrozo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype, UMMZ 235297, adult female, 182.0 mm SL; Madagascar: Fianarantsoa Province: Ramanara River. Right side illustrated due to distortion of specimen (image reversed). Photograph by Heok Hee Ng.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF9A0F63114D0675FE6BF376" blockId="11.[264,1324,1103,1889]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Recently collected
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9A0F6312620675FD7EF247" box="[535,696,1103,1128]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F6312620675FD7EF247" box="[535,696,1103,1128]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from southcentral
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF9A0F6313EB0675FBEAF246" box="[926,1068,1103,1129]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
differ from
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F6314CC0675FACFF247" box="[1209,1289,1103,1128]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
in possessing robust molariform dentition on both the upper and lower pharyngeal toothplates (UPJ and LPJ respectively), whereas in
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F63135306A5FCB0F297" box="[806,886,1183,1208]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
, UPJ and LPJ dentition may be quite enlarged and robust, but never molariform. Interestingly, members of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC8802FF9A0F6314D306FDFB1EF2CE" box="[1190,1240,1223,1249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF9A0F6311D806D5FD45F326" author="Boulenger" box="[429,643,1263,1289]" pageId="11" pageNumber="14" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1899) A revision of the African and Syrian fishes of the family Cichlidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1899, 98 - 143." type="proceedings paper" year="1899">Boulenger (1899)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, supposedly collected from the Betsileo region ranging from southern central to southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF9A0F6312D1072DFCF5F31E" box="[676,819,1303,1329]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, also do not possess molariform UPJ and LPJ dentition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF9A0F63114D075DFB85F05E" blockId="11.[264,1324,1103,1889]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
Regardless of standard length, sex, or sexual maturity, specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F631410075DFB70F3AF" box="[1125,1206,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
are characterized by a markedly decurved predorsal profile owing to a pronounced occipital hump (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133C2A25FF9A0F631164078DFE43F3FE" box="[273,389,1463,1489]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="6.[264,368,1197,1221]" captionStartId-1="6.[264,368,1730,1754]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1322,753,1186]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1322,1333,1722]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[264,1323,752,1190]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[264,1323,1331,1723]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Ptychochromoides itasy, holotype, UMMZ 243393, immature female, 123.2 mm SL; Madagascar." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Ptychochromoides itasy, paratype, AMNH 233643, immature male, 106.3 mm SL; Madagascar." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/169019/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/169020/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Development of the occipital hump is less pronounced in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9A0F631415078DFAC5F3FF" box="[1120,1283,1463,1488]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F631415078DFAC5F3FF" box="[1120,1283,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which only large males (>
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF9B45FF9A0F63123307E5FD6EF3D6" box="[582,680,1503,1529]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="180.0">180 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL) exhibit a prominent hump (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF9A0F63143B07E5FE81F00E" author="Rham" pageId="11" pageNumber="14" refString="Rham, P. de & Nourissat, J. - C. (2002) Les cichlides endemiques de Madagascar. Association France Cichlid. Sagrafic, Barcelona, Spain, 190 pp." type="book" year="2002">Rham & Nourissat 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 66, 68). A welldeveloped hump is lacking in female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9A0F6313AA043DFB44F00F" box="[991,1154,1543,1568]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="betsileanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F6313AA043DFB44F00F" box="[991,1154,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. betsileanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, regardless of standard length (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF9A0F6311850415FCD5F066" author="Rham" box="[496,787,1583,1609]" pageId="11" pageNumber="14" refString="Rham, P. de & Nourissat, J. - C. (2002) Les cichlides endemiques de Madagascar. Association France Cichlid. Sagrafic, Barcelona, Spain, 190 pp." type="book" year="2002">Rham & Nourissat 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 68), and is either absent or poorly developed in males less than about
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF9B45FF9A0F63125D046DFD4FF05E" box="[552,649,1623,1649]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="180.0">180 mm</quantity>
|
||
SL (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B51FF9A0F631293046DFBCFF05E" author="Rham" box="[742,1033,1623,1649]" pageId="11" pageNumber="14" refString="Rham, P. de & Nourissat, J. - C. (2002) Les cichlides endemiques de Madagascar. Association France Cichlid. Sagrafic, Barcelona, Spain, 190 pp." type="book" year="2002">Rham & Nourissat 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 70).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF9A0F63114D0445FC82F0C6" blockId="11.[264,1324,1103,1889]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F63114D0445FE13F0B7" box="[312,469,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Local names.</emphasis>
|
||
‘Trondro mainty’, which translates as black (= mainty) fish (= trondro), is the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF9A0F631127049DFE02F0EE" box="[338,452,1703,1729]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
name most commonly used to refer to
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F6313D5049DFC35F0EF" box="[928,1011,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">P. i t a s y</emphasis>
|
||
. The new species is also referred to as 'Marakely à bosse' in the literature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D652BFF9A0F63114D04CDFE2CF14E" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB836A0FF9A0F63114D04CDFE2CF14E" blockId="11.[264,1324,1103,1889]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F63114D04CDFE7DF13F" box="[312,443,1783,1808]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for the crater lake in the central highlands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3107630FF9A0F63143904CDFB1CF13E" box="[1100,1242,1783,1809]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
where all members of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC8802FF9A0F63119B0525FDE7F116" box="[494,545,1823,1849]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series were presumably collected. The epithet,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C074D23FF9A0F63142B0525FB55F117" box="[1118,1171,1823,1848]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Ptychochromoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="itasy">
|
||
<emphasis id="B973EAB2FF9A0F63142B0525FB55F117" box="[1118,1171,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">itasy</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is used as a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |