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<mods:title id="1D0F6D51CA9F72423C98022711A36378">The genera and species of Comatulidae (Comatulida: Crinoidea): taxonomic revisions and a molecular and morphological guide</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9B6064A616731A4DA67B9F8BF448B674">Summers, Mindi M.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="039EDF70FFA0A17EFF66D9B4128DFC3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6009168" ID-GBIF-Taxon="130809853" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6009168" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039EDF70FFA0A17EFF66D9B4128DFC3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039EDF70FFA0A17EFF66D9B4128DFC3D" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
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<paragraph id="8B886E66FFA0A17EFF66D9B412E9FD42" blockId="30.[151,726,645,704]" box="[151,726,645,671]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
<heading id="D0C0D90AFFA0A17EFF66D9B412E9FD42" bold="true" box="[151,726,645,671]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFA0A17EFF66D9B412E9FD42" authority="Carpenter, 1888" authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,726,645,671]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Clarkcomanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="littoralis">
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFF66D9B412E9FD42" bold="true" box="[151,726,645,671]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFF66D9B4115EFD42" bold="true" box="[151,353,645,671]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Clarkcomanthus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFE7CD9B411CDFD42" bold="true" box="[397,498,645,671]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">littoralis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA61397FFA0A17EFDF0D9B412F1FD42" author="Carpenter" box="[513,718,645,671]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" refString="Carpenter, P. H. (1888) Report on the Crinoidea collected during the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Part II-The Comatulae. In: Thomson, C. W. &amp; Murray, J. (Eds.), Report of the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876, Zoology-Vol. XXVI. Neill &amp; Company, Edinburgh, pp. 1 - 400." type="book chapter" year="1888">Carpenter, 1888</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B886E66FFA0A17EFF66D996111DFD1D" blockId="30.[151,726,645,704]" box="[151,290,679,704]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
<figureCitation id="130C72E3FFA0A17EFF66D99610DCFD1D" box="[151,227,679,704]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1675,1697]" captionTargetBox="[252,1326,193,1632]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[252,1326,193,1632]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 13. Clarkcomanthus. (A J) Clarkcomanthus albinotus— (A) live, oral view following extraction from rubble; (B) semicryptic under ledge; (C H) aboral views; (I J) short combs tapering near tip, with J showing paired confluent comb teeth. (K L) Clarkcomanthus luteofuscum, aboral surface showing rounded centrodorsal with row of cirri. (M N) Clarkcomanthus cf. littoralis — (M) aboral surface showing centrodorsal with no cirri; (N) comb with separated confluent teeth, smaller near tip. (O R) Clarkcomanthus comanthipinnus— (O, P) live, oral view following extraction from rubble; (Q) aboral surfaces showing rounded centrodorsal with few cirri at interradials; (R) comb tapering to distal point, composed of separated nonconfluent teeth. (S T) Clarkcomanthus mirus— (S) aboral surface showing centrodorsal with cirrus buds at interradials; (T) comb tapering to blunt tip, composed of separated nonconfluent teeth. Madang, Papua New Guinea: A. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8060; B, C. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8122; D. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8068; K. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8184; O. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8082; P. MNHN-IE- 2013 - 8151. Raja Ampat, Indonesia: E. SIO-BIC E 6186; F. SIO-BIC E 6187; G, I. SIO-BIC E 6190; L. SIO-BIC E 6210; M, N. SIO-BIC E 6193. South Island, near Lizard Island, Australia: H, J. AM J 17360; holotype. Lizard Island, Australia: Q-R. AM J 16992, holotype; S, T. AM J 17202, holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/580186/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
MN
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32D3DEDFFA0A17EFF66D9DE128DFC3D" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B886E66FFA0A17EFF66D9DE128DFC3D" blockId="30.[151,1436,751,992]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFF66D9DE1134FCD5" bold="true" box="[151,267,751,776]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Remarks.</emphasis>
Our molecular results recovered a second clade composed of specimens identifiable on morphological grounds as
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFA0A17EFEEBD8251203FCF1" box="[282,572,788,812]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Clarkcomanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="littoralis">
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFEEBD8251203FCF1" box="[282,572,788,812]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Clarkcomanthus littoralis</emphasis>
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that included color patterns characteristic of all three groups recognized by Rowe
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFF2ED8081128FC8D" box="[223,279,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">et al.</emphasis>
(1986). Members of this clade lack cirri as adults and the radials are never obscured, as in Rowe
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFAA3D80815B5FC8D" box="[1362,1418,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">et al.</emphasis>
s (1986) group 2. However, because we cannot confidently place the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFA0A17EFBEAD86D149BFCA9" box="[1051,1188,860,884]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Clarkcomanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="littoralis">
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFBEAD86D149BFCA9" box="[1051,1188,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Cl. littoralis</emphasis>
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in one or the other of these two clades, we treat this second clade as
<taxonomicName id="4C3715E5FFA0A17EFD48D8B1143DFC45" box="[697,1026,895,920]" class="Crinoidea" family="Comasteridae" genus="Clarkcomanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Comatulida" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="littoralis">
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFD48D8B1134DFC45" box="[697,882,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Clarkcomanthus</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B943B274FFA0A17EFC53D8B1143DFC45" box="[930,1026,896,920]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">littoralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, pending collection and analysis of material from the type locality and re-examination of the holotype. This species occurs partially concealed within the reef infrastructure, often with arms exposed.
</paragraph>
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