259 lines
28 KiB
XML
259 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="C1B96F0DE32A5226275A720B48B28F03" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.10396362" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1707168658757" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V." docDate="2023" docId="03810139FF95BB1BC0CAF924E74CB6E3" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2023.1026.1-115.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2023 (26)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10396362" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pheraeus pulcher Zhang & Cong & Grishin 2023, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="74" masterDocId="FFB87941FFDFBB50C00AFF56E355B262" masterDocTitle="Supplementary Materials and Appendix" masterLastPageNumber="115" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1707169288913" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D0D5C07EF29EF9CDCCB0524D36EE8609">
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<mods:title id="9A60AA1BA29F0FA28E0A0CBB04BF7A67">Supplementary Materials and Appendix</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="AA11C0AF2C89DC4083B04F5F4188EF84" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="551F982CFEF0C1FFD8E6CA7708D37356">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FE505449DCF03184515CE84DE8CC4BE0">Zhang, Jing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="075D08082E0B80BA992E4BFF22FE87D1">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D8AD7608827F2743935F8B0E7816932A" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="784472922F59A2CCEB20204DFB430144">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F450F247E61557BB95E20391C2BE861A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="852CBC00AF9A29CDE809D7962645D9D8">Cong, Qian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0E40A7C61F3BE19CC6B70CB0C83DB141">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="AEE9997A8C29B6259FD0A1308C10AFD4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="21C51D291B620E8971D809F6305E7F21">Grishin, Nick V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0F11D8B73854A91698A4F76E322BFE42">Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 9050 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F6A6F6E3D39A1F1ED36389C3680F6026">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1D4B1DFD02CC45822CC8E7CB3F3AABB8">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="566D2B5EEF84B4AB821FFC503A3D0E0E">
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<mods:date id="FE2EB0D7340F026B22DE61C59B02F4AC">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8A2738DC1A6B7E5CC9879D0CD386F7D3">2023-12-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="35D22D9BD82F84B8F2159897F7DC82E2">2023</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="293A7D63ABB132C2D866AFBFC3E9C802">26</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="7ABDF0E62F78BA377CD60AB95592B338">http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10396362</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="8EFFE50088E8EEA2D31E2E03228EBF34" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.10396362</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="33106262DBA6E8C0963D1025160455E5" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03810139FF95BB1BC0CAF924E74CB6E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03810139FF95BB1BC0CAF924E74CB6E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03810139FF95BB1BC0CAF924E74CB6E3" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">
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<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FF95BB1AC0CAF924E0E3B4D3" pageId="74" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF95BB1AC0CAF924E1F0B4ED" blockId="74.[192,950,1650,1748]" box="[192,677,1650,1679]" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">
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<heading id="D0DF0743FF95BB1AC0CAF924E1F0B4ED" box="[192,677,1650,1679]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="74" pageNumber="73" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF95BB1AC0CAF924E1F0B4ED" bold="true" box="[192,677,1650,1679]" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF95BB1AC0CAF924E150B4ED" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[192,517,1650,1679]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF95BB1AC0CAF924E2CCB4ED" bold="true" box="[192,409,1650,1679]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Pheraeus pulcher</emphasis>
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Grishin
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26FD146FF95BB1AC21BF925E1F0B4ED" box="[529,677,1650,1679]" pageId="74" pageNumber="73" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF95BB1AC0CAF9C1E0E3B4D3" blockId="74.[192,950,1650,1748]" box="[192,950,1687,1713]" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">
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https://zoobank.org/
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FF95BB1AC0CAF9EFE148B4B1" box="[192,541,1721,1748]" pageId="74" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF95BB1AC0CAF9EFE148B4B1" blockId="74.[192,950,1650,1748]" box="[192,541,1721,1748]" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFF95BB1AC0C2F9EFE252B4B6" box="[200,263,1721,1748]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="70.[192,261,1272,1296]" captionTargetBox="[192,1439,282,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-322@70.[192,1440,279,1245]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 7. Phylogenetic trees of Moncina (part 3) and Flagina inferred from protein-coding regions in a) the Z chromosome and b) the mitochondrial genome (in segments). See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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part, 179–180, 413–414)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FF95BB1BC0CAF9B5E7D8B08E" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="74" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF95BB1BC0CAF9B5E180B06C" blockId="74.[192,1440,1763,1927]" lastBlockId="75.[191,1442,230,526]" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF95BB1AC0CAF9B5E2BBB49F" bold="true" box="[192,494,1763,1789]" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Definition and diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Phylogenetic trees reveal that specimens from
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<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF95BB1AC405F9B5E738B49F" box="[1039,1133,1763,1789]" name="Ecuador" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF95BB1AC4A1F9B2E78AB49C" box="[1195,1247,1764,1790]" name="Peru" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Peru</collectingCountry>
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that look superficially similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF95BB1AC186F853E19EB542" authority="Evans, 1955" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1955" box="[396,715,1797,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="honta">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF95BB1AC186F853E16CB57D" box="[396,569,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Pheraeus honta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CDDEFF95BB1AC249F850E19EB542" author="Evans WH" box="[579,715,1797,1824]" pageId="74" pageNumber="73" pagination="54 - 88" refId="ref77169" refString="Evans WH. 1955. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part IV. Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. The Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History); London. v + 499 p., pl. 54 - 88." type="book chapter" year="1955">Evans, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(type locality in
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<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF95BB1AC39FF850E09EB542" box="[917,971,1798,1824]" name="Peru" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Peru</collectingCountry>
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) are not monophyletic with it and show prominent genetic differentiation from it (
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<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFF95BB1AC291F87EE18BB520" box="[667,734,1832,1858]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="70.[192,261,1272,1296]" captionTargetBox="[192,1439,282,1242]" captionTargetId="figure-322@70.[192,1440,279,1245]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 7. Phylogenetic trees of Moncina (part 3) and Flagina inferred from protein-coding regions in a) the Z chromosome and b) the mitochondrial genome (in segments). See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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): e.g., their COI barcodes differ by 5.5% (36 bp), and therefore represent a new species. This new species is a distant sister to
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<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF95BB1AC363F81CE65CB506" authority="(Hayward, 1934)" baseAuthorityName="Hayward" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[873,1289,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perpulcher">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF95BB1AC363F81CE713B506" box="[873,1094,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Pheraeus perpulcher</emphasis>
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(Hayward, 1934)
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</taxonomicName>
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(type locality in
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<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF95BB1AC0D4F83AE206B5E4" box="[222,339,1900,1926]" name="Argentina" pageId="74" pageNumber="73">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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), while not being very similar to it in ventral wing patterns and differs by 6.1% (40 bp) in the COI barcode. This new species keys (incompletely and as the best overall compromise) to
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<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF94BB1BC476FFB1E780B362" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1955" box="[1148,1237,230,256]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="honta">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC476FFB1E780B362" box="[1148,1237,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">P. honta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(L.11.1.) in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CDDEFF94BB1BC554FFB0E25FB340" author="Evans WH" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" pagination="54 - 88" refId="ref77169" refString="Evans WH. 1955. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part IV. Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. The Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History); London. v + 499 p., pl. 54 - 88." type="book chapter" year="1955">Evans (1955)</bibRefCitation>
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but has an orange tinted with brown at the tip tuft of long scales near the inner hindwing margin above. The
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<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF94BB1BC0FBFE7FE206B321" box="[241,339,297,323]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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was misidentified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF94BB1BC24BFE7FE0D5B326" authority="Evans, 1955" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1955" box="[577,896,297,324]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rumba">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC24BFE7FE1A0B321" box="[577,757,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Pheraeus rumba</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CDDEFF94BB1BC2F1FE7CE0D5B326" author="Evans WH" box="[763,896,297,324]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" pagination="54 - 88" refId="ref77169" refString="Evans WH. 1955. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part IV. Hesperiinae and Megathyminae. The Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History); London. v + 499 p., pl. 54 - 88." type="book chapter" year="1955">Evans, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(type locality in
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<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF94BB1BC437FE7FE7D4B321" box="[1085,1153,297,323]" name="Brazil" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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) but differs from it by the lack of yellow and hyaline spots in forewing cells M
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<subScript id="17ACB26AFF94BB1BC2F9FE0EE1A9B30B" attach="left" box="[755,764,344,361]" fontSize="7" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">1</subScript>
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-M
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<subScript id="17ACB26AFF94BB1BC315FE0EE07DB30B" attach="left" box="[799,808,344,361]" fontSize="7" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">2</subScript>
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and M
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<subScript id="17ACB26AFF94BB1BC37CFE0EE02AB30B" attach="left" box="[886,895,344,361]" fontSize="7" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">2</subScript>
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-M
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<subScript id="17ACB26AFF94BB1BC3ABFE0EE0FFB30B" attach="left" box="[929,938,344,361]" fontSize="7" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">3</subScript>
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and the lack of submarginal brown “shading” of ventral hindwing postmedian spots: these white spots are encircled by relatively well-defined blackish frames and the submarginal area is of orange-yellow ground color, similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF94BB1BC3DAFED9E77CB3CA" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1955" box="[976,1065,398,424]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="honta">
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||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC3DAFED9E77CB3CA" box="[976,1065,398,424]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">P. honta</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. This species is not cryptic and is diagnosed reliably by phenotype. In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly536.17.10:C39T, aly166.5.1:C267T, aly166.5.1:G282A, aly594.8.2:G80C, aly
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||
<date id="FF9696EFFF94BB1BC48BFE84E7B4B38F" box="[1153,1249,466,493]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" value="1454-04-01">1454.4.1</date>
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:A246G, and COI barcode: T38C, A100G, T121C, C220A, T548C.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF94BB1BC0CAFD4BE7D8B08E" blockId="75.[192,1440,541,748]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC0CAFD4BE11BB055" bold="true" box="[192,590,541,567]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Barcode sequence of the
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||
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF94BB1BC1EAFD4BE11CB055" box="[480,585,541,567]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Sample NVG-19016E11, GenBank OR837704, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGTATTTGAGCAGGAATACTAGGAACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAATTAGGAAACCCAGGTTCTTTAATT GGGGATGATCAAATTTATAATACCATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATCGGAGGATTTGGTAATT GATTAGTTCCTCTTATATTAGGTGCACCTGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGAATATTACCTCCTTCTTTAATATTATTAAT CTCAAGAAGAATTGTTGAAAATGGTGCAGGAACTGGATGAACAGTTTACCCTCCTTTATCTTCTAATATTGCCCATCAAGGTTCTTCAGTTGATTTA GCAATTTTTTCTTTACATTTAGCAGGAATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCTATCAATTTTATTACAACAATTATTAATATACGAGTTAAAAACTTATCTT TTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTATGATCTGTAGGTATTACAGCATTACTATTACTTCTATCTCTACCTGTTTTAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATACTTCT TACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGATCCAGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FF94BB1BC0CAFDA8E7A0B66E" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF94BB1BC0CAFDA8E27CB180" blockId="75.[191,1442,765,994]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">
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||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC0CAFDA8E23DB175" bold="true" box="[192,360,765,792]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Type material.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B40BA72FF94BB1BC164FDA8E71FB1FD" collectionCode="DC, USNM, V" collectorName="Tambopata Res. & Sept. & S. S. Nicolay & Det. & Nick & Grishin & QR Code" country="Peru" elevation="300" location="Smithsonian Institution" municipality="National Museum of Natural History" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Madre de Dios" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC164FDA8E2B7B17A" bold="true" box="[366,482,766,792]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF94BB1BC164FDA8E288B17A" box="[366,477,766,792]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
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</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FF94BB1BC1E2FDA9E2A8B179" box="[488,509,767,795]" count="1" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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currently deposited in the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF32A55FF94BB1BC323FDABE793B175" box="[809,1222,765,792]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">National Museum of Natural History</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EF7E6F4FF94BB1BC4DAFDABE253B15B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03810139FF95BB1BC0CAF924E74CB6E3:8EF7E6F4FF94BB1BC4DAFDABE253B15B" country="Peru" municipality="National Museum of Natural History" name="Smithsonian Institution" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" stateProvince="Madre de Dios">Smithsonian Institution</location>
|
||
, Washington,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFF94BB1BC1A2FC49E287B15B" box="[424,466,799,825]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">DC</collectionCode>
|
||
, USA (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFF94BB1BC229FC49E12DB15B" box="[547,632,799,825]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
), illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFF94BB1BC32EFC49E0E2B15B" box="[804,951,799,825]" captionStart="Figures 173–194" captionStartId="103.[192,271,1810,1834]" captionTargetBox="[199,1430,339,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-75@103.[194,1442,333,1695]" captionTargetPageId="103" captionText="Figures 173–194. Holotypes, data in text. 173–174) Dion occida sp. n. 175–176) Eprius (Eprius) veledinus sp. n. 177–178) Radiatus panamensis sp. n. 179–180) Pheraeus pulcher sp. n. 181–182) Callimormus rades sp. n. 183–184) Gubrus lubens sp. n. 185–186) Ludens labens sp. n. 187–188) Rigga isa sp. n. 189–190) Flaccilla lactea sp. n. 191–192) Falga athena sp. n. 193–194) Panoquina jay sp. n." pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Fig. 179–180</figureCitation>
|
||
, bears the following five rectangular labels, four white: [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF94BB1BC145FC14E2C6B13E" box="[335,403,834,860]" name="Peru" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EC7ECDFF94BB1BC193FC17E116B139" box="[409,579,833,860]" country="Peru" name="Madre de Dios" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Madre De Dios</collectingRegion>
|
||
| Rio La Torre
|
||
<quantity id="4CD01DCAFF94BB1BC2EFFC17E070B139" box="[741,805,833,859]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="300.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0005571CFF94BB1BC2EFFC17E070B139" box="[741,805,833,859]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="300.0">300m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
|
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FF94BB1BC33DFC17E0BDB13E" box="[823,1000,833,860]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Tambopata Res.</collectorName>
|
||
| 27
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FF94BB1BC410FC17E707B139" box="[1050,1106,833,859]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Sept.</collectorName>
|
||
‘89 |
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FF94BB1BC480FC17E644B139" box="[1162,1297,833,859]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">S. S. Nicolay</collectorName>
|
||
], [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF94BB1BC536FC17E6F7B139" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[1340,1442,833,859]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pheraeus</taxonomicName>
|
||
| rumba
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FF94BB1BC115FC32E261B1E2" box="[287,308,868,896]" count="1" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
|
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FF94BB1BC142FC35E22DB11F" box="[328,376,867,893]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Det.</collectorName>
|
||
|
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FF94BB1BC186FC35E15BB11F" box="[396,526,867,893]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">S.S. Nicolay</collectorName>
|
||
], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-19016E11 | c/o
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FF94BB1BC3F6FC35E764B11F" box="[1020,1073,867,893]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Nick</collectorName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFF94BB1BC432FC35E71EB11F" box="[1080,1099,867,893]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FF94BB1BC45EFC35E7FFB11F" box="[1108,1194,867,893]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Grishin</collectorName>
|
||
], [USNMENT | {
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FF94BB1BC572FC35E3ABB1FC" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">QR Code</collectorName>
|
||
} | 01532334], and one red [
|
||
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF94BB1BC24CFCD3E182B1FD" box="[582,727,901,927]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FF94BB1BC2D4FCD0E1A6B1C0" box="[734,755,902,930]" count="1" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF94BB1BC303FCD2E03AB1FC" authorityName="Godman" authorityYear="1900" box="[777,879,900,926]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pheraeus</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF94BB1BC38FFCD2E76DB1FC" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[901,1080,900,926]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">pulcher Grishin</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC45CFCD3E790B1FD" bold="true" box="[1110,1221,901,927]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF94BB1BC45CFCD3E795B1FD" box="[1110,1216,901,927]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FF94BB1BC4C6FCD3E7BAB1C0" box="[1228,1263,901,930]" count="1" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF94BB1BC4FCFCD2E60DB1FC" box="[1270,1368,900,926]" name="Ecuador" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EC7ECDFF94BB1BC569FCD3E273B1A2" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Napo Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Jatun Sacha Biological Reserve, elevation
|
||
<quantity id="4CD01DCAFF94BB1BC2F0FCF0E014B1A3" box="[762,833,934,961]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="450.0">450 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFF94BB1BC341FCF0E029B1A2" box="[843,892,934,960]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">GPS</collectionCode>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1CD6E8FF94BB1BC38BFCF0E088B1A2" box="[897,989,934,960]" degrees="1.0667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" precision="5" value="-1.0667">−1.0667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1CD6E8FF94BB1BC3EDFCF0E704B1A2" box="[999,1105,934,960]" degrees="77.6167" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" precision="5" value="-77.6167">−77.6167</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9696EFFF94BB1BC451FCF0E7B7B1A2" box="[1115,1250,934,960]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" value="1992-11-07">7-Nov-1992</date>
|
||
, S. S. Nicolay leg. [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFF94BB1BC0CCFC9EE24BB180" box="[198,286,968,994]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF94BB1BC0CAFCA4E7A0B66E" blockId="75.[192,1269,1009,1036]" box="[192,1269,1009,1036]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC0CAFCA4E20EB669" bold="true" box="[192,347,1009,1036]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFF94BB1BC0CAFCA4E3ACB66E" box="[192,249,1010,1036]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF94BB1BC16BFCA4E2CDB66E" box="[353,408,1010,1036]" name="Peru" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EC7ECDFF94BB1BC1A8FCA7E11FB669" box="[418,586,1009,1035]" country="Peru" name="Madre de Dios" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Madre de Dios</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Tambopata National Reserve, Rio La Torre, elevation
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FF94BB1BC4A2FCA4E7A0B66E" box="[1192,1269,1010,1036]" count="300" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CD01DCAFF94BB1BC4A2FCA4E7A4B66E" box="[1192,1265,1010,1036]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FF94BB1BC0CAFB4DE6C8B635" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF94BB1BC0CAFB4DE6C8B635" blockId="75.[190,1440,1051,1112]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC0CAFB4DE211B657" bold="true" box="[192,324,1051,1077]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
In Latin,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFF94BB1BC1A3FB4DE148B657" baseAuthorityName="Hayward" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[425,541,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Pheraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perpulcher">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC1A3FB4DE148B657" box="[425,541,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">perpulcher</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
means very beautiful. Even after removing the prefix “per”, we still have a beautiful species. A shorter name signifies a more northern distribution of this species. The name is a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FF94BB1BC0CAFB30E74CB6E3" box="[192,1049,1126,1153]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFF94BB1BC0CAFB30E74CB6E3" blockId="75.[192,1049,1126,1153]" box="[192,1049,1126,1153]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFF94BB1BC0CAFB30E20EB6E2" bold="true" box="[192,347,1126,1152]" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The upper Amazonian region, known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF94BB1BC342FB31E0F3B6E3" box="[840,934,1127,1153]" name="Ecuador" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFF94BB1BC3D4FB31E740B6E3" box="[990,1045,1127,1153]" name="Peru" pageId="75" pageNumber="74">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |