226 lines
24 KiB
XML
226 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.56649" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7ece770a-8e5c-4b23-bf12-00002942e7eb" ID-PMC="PMC7661481" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-985-15" ID-Pensoft-UUID="73D2519FDF685BD3AD8ABF5278E96AF2" ID-PubMed="33223873" ID-ZooBank="828AE6A53362486B85F5CE1074237440" ModsDocID="1313-2970-985-15" checkinTime="1604647796885" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barber-James, Helen M., Zrelli, Sonia, Yanai, Zohar & Sartori, Michel" docDate="2020" docId="BBCCDF446EE95FB48339751CFB7FB531" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 985: 15-47" docOrigin="ZooKeys 985" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.56649" docTitle="Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei Crass 1947" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="73D2519FDF685BD3AD8ABF5278E96AF2" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="73D2519FDF685BD3AD8ABF5278E96AF2" masterDocTitle="A reassessment of the genus Oligoneuriopsis Crass, 1947 (Ephemeroptera, Oligoneuriidae, Oligoneuriellini)" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1668169756141" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A reassessment of the genus Oligoneuriopsis Crass, 1947 (Ephemeroptera, Oligoneuriidae, Oligoneuriellini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Barber-James, Helen M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Freshwater Invertebrates, Albany Museum, Somerset Street, Makhanda (Grahamstown), 6139, South Africa & Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, P. O. Box 94, Makhanda (Grahamstown), 6140, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1029-9275</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Zrelli, Sonia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Unit of Hydrobiology, Laboratory of Environmental Biomonitoring, Faculty of sciences of Bizerta, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Yanai, Zohar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Musee cantonal de zoologie, Palais de Rumine, Place de la Riponne 6, CH- 1014, Lausanne, Switzerland & Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, CH- 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland & School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel & The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-0116</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sartori, Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Musee cantonal de zoologie, Palais de Rumine, Place de la Riponne 6, CH- 1014, Lausanne, Switzerland & Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, CH- 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3397-3397</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">michel.sartori@vd.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>985</mods:number>
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<mods:start>15</mods:start>
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<mods:end>47</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.56649</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.985.56649</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-985-15</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168815851" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BBCCDF446EE95FB48339751CFB7FB531" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BBCCDF446EE95FB48339751CFB7FB531" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName LSID="BBCCDF44-6EE9-5FB4-8339-751CFB7FB531" authority="Crass, 1947" authorityName="Crass" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lawrencei">Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei Crass, 1947</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei, fore- and hind wings. Scale bar 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471480" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figures 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei, ventral view of lower abdomen of adult male, showing lateral extensions of segment IX, gonostyli and penes. Black arrow: Apex of the lateral longitudinal lobe of penis. Grey arrow: Proximal process of penis. Scale bar 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471481" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei A whole nymph, dorsal view B dorsal view of head. Scale bar: 5 mm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471482" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Hind femora of representative Oligoneuriella (A-C) and Oligoneuriopsis (D-F) species A Oligoneuriella rhenana B Oligoneuriella pallida C Oligoneuriella skoura D Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei E Oligoneuriopsis skhounate F Oligoneuriopsis orontensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471492" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 14D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Outline of gill plate III of representative Oligoneuriella (A-C) and Oligoneuriopsis (D-F) species A Oligoneuriella rhenana B Oligoneuriella pallida C Oligoneuriella skoura D Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei E Oligoneuriopsis skhounate F Oligoneuriopsis villosus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471493" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">, 15D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crass" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lawrencei">Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei</taxonomicName>
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Crass, 1947: 53, figs 3, 4.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Neotype</emphasis>
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: South Africa • 1N; Eastern Cape Province, Tributary of Tyume River, below Tor Doone, Hogsback;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="32.5778" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-32.5778">32.5778°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="26.9347" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="26.9347">26.9347°E</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1445 m a.s.l.; 29 Feb. 1992; F.C. de Moor leg.; AMGS; GEN 1097A; H.M. Barber-James design., 2020. This specimen was chosen because it comes from one of
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<bibRefCitation author="Crass, RS" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Natal Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="37 - 110" refId="B9" refString="Crass, RS, 1947. The May-flies (Ephemeroptera) of Natal and the Eastern Cape. Annals of the Natal Museum 11: 37 - 110" title="The May-flies (Ephemeroptera) of Natal and the Eastern Cape." volume="11" year="1947">Crass (1947)</bibRefCitation>
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's original localities.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471480" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crass" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lawrencei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fore- and hind wings. Scale bar 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471481" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Crass" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lawrencei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, ventral view of lower abdomen of adult male, showing lateral extensions of segment IX, gonostyli and penes. Black arrow: Apex of the lateral longitudinal lobe of penis. Grey arrow: Proximal process of penis. Scale bar 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Other material</emphasis>
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: South Africa • 1N; Eastern Cape Province, Tsitsa River, at "The Falls";
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<geoCoordinate degrees="31.0214" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-31.0214">31.0214°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28.4819" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="28.4819">28.4819°E</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1140 m a.s.l.; 26 Mar. 1991; F.C. de Moor & H.M. Barber leg.; AMGS; ECR 92AE • 6N; same locality; 28 Mar. 1993; F.C. de Moor & H.M. Barber-James & K. Martens leg.; AMGS; ECR 134A • 12N; Eastern Cape Province, Nqancule River, at Waterval;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="31.3672" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-31.3672">31.3672°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28.2167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="28.2167">28.2167°E</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1220 m a.s.l.; 24 Mar. 1991; F.C. de Moor & H.M. Barber leg.; AMGS; ECR 86A • 6N; Eastern Cape Province, Nqancule River, at Albany;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="31.3486" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-31.3486">31.3486°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28.2153" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="28.2153">28.2153°E</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1240 m a.s.l.; 5 Mar. 1991; F.C. de Moor & H.M. Barber leg.; AMGS; ECR 88A • 1N; Eastern Cape Province, Kettle Spout waterfall, Tyume River tributary, Hogsback;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="32.5500" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-32.55">32.5500°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="26.9500" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="26.95">26.9500°E</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1835 m a.sl.; 19 May 2007; F.C. de Moor and N. Phaliso leg.; AMGS; GEN 1845A • 3♀, 4♂, 1N; KwaZulu-Natal, Klein Mooi River, at Durleigh Farm;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29.2283" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-29.2283">29.2283°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29.8997" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="29.8997">29.8997°E</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1392 m a.s.l.; 15 Mar. 1995; C. Dickens; AMGS; MOI 29BS • 3♀ 4♂; same locality; 3 Apr. 1995; F.C. de Moor leg; AMGS; MOI 35B.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="male imago">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Male imago.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Lengths. Body: up to 14.8 mm; forewing: up to 14.9 mm; cerci: up to 17.0 mm; caudal filament: up to 12.8 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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Vertex light brown, frontoclypeus pale cream, broadly rounded apically, compound eyes black, base of ocelli black, ocelli whitish, antennae with scape and pedicel pale cream, first segment and flagellum light brown. Pronotum light brown, margins suffused with dark brown pigmentation. Pterothorax light brown, with pale cream-coloured unsclerotized line between meso and metanotal plate. Mesoscutellar filaments present. Forelegs shorter than mid or hind legs, with outer margin of femora, tibiae and tarsi dark brown, otherwise uniform pale brown colour; mid- and hindlegs cream to light brown, no distinct markings. All three pairs of legs appear to be functional. Tarsal claws paired, blunt. Wings (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei, fore- and hind wings. Scale bar 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471480" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">2</figureCitation>
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), when folded, light brown, almost whitish when unfolded. Forewing typical of the genus, with five groups of veins: Sc+RA, RSa+iRS, RSp+MA1, MA2+MP1, and a forked MP2+CuA - CuP vein. Subcostal field with numerous transversal veins, those issued from RA not reaching iRS in the distal forth of the length, those between iRS and MA1 only present in the proximal half.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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Abdominal segments uniformly creamish, without distinct patterns, except tergites VII, IX, and X light brown; lateral margins with spine-shaped extensions from segment III to IX, of increasing length towards the posterior. Gonostyli whitish to grey, cerci whitish. Gonostyli 4-segmented, the basal one ca. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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the length of segments 2 to 4 combined. Penis lobes almost triangular, with characteristic sclerotized proximal process ending in a simple projection; apex of the lateral longitudinal lobe of penis in a small club-shaped sclerite (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei, ventral view of lower abdomen of adult male, showing lateral extensions of segment IX, gonostyli and penes. Black arrow: Apex of the lateral longitudinal lobe of penis. Grey arrow: Proximal process of penis. Scale bar 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471481" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">3</figureCitation>
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). Cerci with whorls of long setae at each junction (not figured).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="female subimago">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Female subimago.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Lengths. Body: up to 17 mm; forewing: up to 18.8 mm; cerci: up to 7 mm; caudal filament: up to 4.5 mm. Colouration as in the male; tibiae and tarsi of all legs appear to be functional. Cerci light to medium brown. Posterior margin of sternite IX deeply concave and rounded.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="nymph">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Nymph.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
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Lengths. Body up to 15 mm and 18.5 mm in male and female nymphs respectively; cerci (and caudal filament) up to 9.2 mm (4.0 mm) and 10.1 mm (3.5 mm) in male and female nymphs respectively. General colouration light to medium yellow-brown (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei A whole nymph, dorsal view B dorsal view of head. Scale bar: 5 mm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471482" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">4A</figureCitation>
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), with dark brown dorso-medial markings, better developed in mature male nymphs than in immatures or females. Head (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei A whole nymph, dorsal view B dorsal view of head. Scale bar: 5 mm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471482" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">4B</figureCitation>
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) medium brown, with maculation between the compound eyes. Ventrally, head a uniform pale cream colour. Gills at base of maxillae forming a
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“beard”">"beard"</normalizedToken>
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ventrally at base of head, of similar colour to head in Hogsback specimens, orientated in one plane, parallel to length of body. Pro and mesonotum medium brown, with pale cream-coloured maculae. Legs light brown, femoro-tibial articulation darker, setae of forelegs noticeably darker brown than the legs. Femur and tibia of foreleg shorter than those of mid or hind leg, in all cases, femora and tibiae subequal in length. Setae on the outer margin of mid and hind femora well developed, slightly decreasing in size and reaching the apex (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Hind femora of representative Oligoneuriella (A-C) and Oligoneuriopsis (D-F) species A Oligoneuriella rhenana B Oligoneuriella pallida C Oligoneuriella skoura D Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei E Oligoneuriopsis skhounate F Oligoneuriopsis orontensis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471492" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">14D</figureCitation>
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). Tibiae and tarsi with long, even fringe of setae along entire dorsal margin, interspersed with occasional short spine-like setae. Abdominal tergites uniformly medium brown, each with darker brown marking medially; sternites uniform pale brown, with no markings. Dense patch of posteriorly orientated setae ventromedially on abdominal sternites II-IV, much reduced patch on segments V, further reduced on VI. Gills II-VII almost subequal in size, gill I smaller. On all gills except for gill I, fibrillae shorter than lamella length. Lamella of gill I less than half the length of the fibrillar portion. Lamellae II-VII with long and thin setae on their distal inner margin (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Outline of gill plate III of representative Oligoneuriella (A-C) and Oligoneuriopsis (D-F) species A Oligoneuriella rhenana B Oligoneuriella pallida C Oligoneuriella skoura D Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei E Oligoneuriopsis skhounate F Oligoneuriopsis villosus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471493" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">15D</figureCitation>
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). Posterolateral spines of the abdomen increasing in size posteriorly. Whole nymph (dorsal aspect) and gills as illustrated by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3066-0_29" author="Agnew, JD" editor="Flannagan, JF" journalOrPublisher="Plenum Press, New York" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" pagination="353 - 366" refId="B3" refString="Agnew, JD, 1980. Ultrastructural studies on Oligoneuriidae - taxonomic applications. In: Flannagan, JF, Marshall, KE, Eds., Advances in Ephemeroptera Biology. Plenum Press, New York: 353 - 366, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3066-0_29" title="Ultrastructural studies on Oligoneuriidae - taxonomic applications." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3066-0_29" volumeTitle="Advances in Ephemeroptera Biology." year="1980">Agnew (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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. Cerci uniformly medium brown, caudal filament paler brown.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.985.56649.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/471482" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Crass" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Oligoneuriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lawrencei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Oligoneuriopsis lawrencei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
|
||
whole nymph, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view of head. Scale bar: 5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="intraspecific variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Intraspecific variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Specimens from KwaZulu-Natal are darker brown in colour than specimens with more southerly distribution, and first three abdominal segments darker brown in colour dorsally than remaining segments; faint paired median spots visible on the last five abdominal tergites in some KwaZulu-Natal nymphs. The head also possesses a dark brown marking present on the frons between the ocelli, and maxillary gills are much paler in colour relative to head capsule in KwaZulu-Natal specimens.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="affinities">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Affinities.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Winged stages were collected from the same locality as the nymphs in one instance, allowing association of the life stages. Imagos were seldom flying at the times of collection. Nymphs of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. lawrencei" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="lawrencei">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. lawrencei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a broadly rounded fronto-clypeal region, which easily distinguishes them from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. jessicae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="jessicae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. jessicae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. elisabethae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="elisabethae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. elisabethae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both of which are more pointed in shape. Head very slightly carinate, less so than in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. elisabethae" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="elisabethae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">O. elisabethae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Note that this is unlike the strong carination seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eaton" authorityYear="1881" class="Insecta" family="Oligoneuriidae" genus="Elassoneuria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elassoneuria" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Elassoneuria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Habitat preference.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Found under large boulders (400-500 mm diameter) in swift current, often in rivers with bedrock substrate.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">Known distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="15">South Africa.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |