148 lines
15 KiB
XML
148 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e5e47a0-f8f3-4039-b0e1-c159fef0b9f6" ID-PMC="PMC4714384" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-544-1" ID-PubMed="26798289" ID-ZBK="C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-544-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 544" ModsDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" checkinTime="1451243640953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2015" docId="DC0E917ED867C1F65C3A1E1A6E0C1867" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 544: 1-407" docOrigin="ZooKeys 544" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" docTitle="Mecyclothorax ambulatus Liebherr, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="3E6C4AE5-5721-4CC1-826F-5872CF02E568" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="FF92FFC2FF9FFFC7191EFFB8FF91AF5D" masterDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1668162300918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>544</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>407</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-544-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853535" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3E6C4AE5-5721-4CC1-826F-5872CF02E568" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DC0E917ED867C1F65C3A1E1A6E0C1867" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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(009)
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/3E6C4AE5-5721-4CC1-826F-5872CF02E568" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ambulatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambulatus">Mecyclothorax ambulatus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="35" pageNumber="36">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
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, 20B, 21
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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n. sp.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="δ">δ</normalizedToken>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Liebherr, JK" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="175 - 189" title="Patterns of endangerment or pathways to enlightenment? Reconstructing the Fauna Hawaiiensis." url="10.1017/S1477200004001458" volume="2" year="2004">Liebherr 2004</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 4.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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This species exhibits the most somber coloration in the group, the dorsal surface dark fuscous, and antennomeres 1-3 and femora only slightly paler (Fig. 20B). Elytral striae 1-5 are punctate basally, the punctures expanding strial breadth, a characteristic shared with the species triplet,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax waikamoi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waikamoi">Mecyclothorax waikamoi</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax poouli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poouli">Mecyclothorax poouli</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ahulili" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ahulili">Mecyclothorax ahulili</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
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), however
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ambulatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambulatus">Mecyclothorax ambulatus</taxonomicName>
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exhibits larger body size; standardized body length 4.0 mm versus 2.9-3.4 mm in the other three species. Setal formula 2 1 2 0.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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(n = 1). Head capsule with frontal grooves broad near clypeus, a lateral carina present to anterior supraorbital seta; dorsal impression of neck flat to slightly concave; ocular ratio = 1.43, ocular lobe ratio = 0.81; labral anterior margin broadly, shallowly emarginate; antennae filiform, antennomere 2 sparsely setose, antennomere 3 with well-developed pelage of short setae; mentum tooth with sides acute, apex tightly rounded. Pronotum with lateral seta present, basal seta absent; MPW/BPW = 1.43; hind angle obtuse, apex rounded; lateral margin slightly divergent anterad hind angle, then more divergent anteriorly; median base moderately depressed relative to disc, sparsely covered with minute punctures, minute wrinkles present at juncture with disc; basal margin convexly expanded between laterobasal depressions; median longitudinal impression narrow, shallowly incised; anterior transverse impression narrow, finely incised, shallowest medially, crossed by fine wrinkles; anterior callosity elevated, flat, crossed by fine wrinkles; front angles slightly projected, tightly rounded; APW/BPW= 1.01; lateral marginal depression narrow, edge upturned anteriorly, beadlike at lateral sinuation and posterad laterobasal depressions; laterobasal depression smooth, continuous with lateral depression. Proepisternum with smooth hind marginal groove; prosternal process medially depressed, sides broadly upraised. Elytra broadly subquadrate; disc moderately convex, sides more so; basal groove recurved to subangulate humeral angle defined by a hitch at base of lateral marginal depression; MEW/HuW = 1.93; parascutellar seta present; parascutellar striole with 3 deep punctures, deep, continuous between punctures; sutural interval more convex than lateral intervals, sutural juncture elevated; sutural and 2nd striae of subequal depth base to apex; striae 1-8 deep, interval 8 convex mesad subapical sinuation; 2 dorsal elytral setae at 0.28
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.30×">-0.30x</normalizedToken>
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and 0.61
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–0.63×">-0.63x</normalizedToken>
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elytral length, setal impressions moderately deep, spanning 2/3 of interval 3; subapical and apical setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged in an anterior series of 7 setae and a posterior series of 5 setae; elytral marginal depression broad with upraised margin at humerus, gradually narrowed but still evident before subapical sinuation. Mesepisternum with ~7 punctures in 2-3 irregular rows; metepisternal width to length ratio = 0.80; metepisternum/metepimeron suture distinct. Abdomen with irregular lateral wrinkles on ventrites 1-5; suture between ventrites 2 and 3 reduced, effaced laterally; apical ventrite of male with 2 marginal setae. Legs-metatarsomere 1/metatibial length ratio = 0.19; metatarsomere 4 length along outer lobe 1.33
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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medial tarsomere length, apical and subapical setae present; metatarsal dorsolateral sulci narrow, lateral, median area broad. Microsculpture of vertex a well-developed isodiametric mesh in transverse rows; pronotal disc with well-developed transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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length; pronotal median base with well-developed, upraised transverse mesh, sculpticells twice as broad as long; elytral disc with mixture of transverse mesh and transverse lines; elytral apex with mixture of transverse
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<normalizedToken originalValue="mesh–sculpticell">mesh-sculpticell</normalizedToken>
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breadth 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="length–and">length-and</normalizedToken>
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transverse lines; metasternum with distinct transverse mesh; laterobasal abdominal ventrites with swirling isodiametric and transverse microsculpture. Coloration of vertex dark rufobrunneous; antennomeres 1-3 rufobrunneous, 4-11 rufopiceous; pronotal disc and margins concolorous, dark rufobrunneous; proepipleuron rufoflavous, proepisternum rufobrunneous; elytral disc dark rufobrunneous, sutural interval concolorous basally, slightly paler, rufoflavous at apex, elytral marginal depression and apex slightly paler, rufoflavous; elytral epipleuron rufoflavous, metepisternum rufobrunneous; abdomen rufobrunneous, apical 1/6 of apical ventrite 6 paler, flavous; metafemur rufobrunneous with piceous cloud covering basal 4/4; metatibia rufoflavous with piceous cast.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Male genitalia (n = 1). Aedeagal median lobe broad, long, distance from parameral articulation to tip 3.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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depth at midlength (Fig. 16K); apex evenly curved, extended for 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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its breadth beyond ostial opening, tip slightly flattened on dorsal aspect; median lobe distinctly curved to the right just before blunt apex in ventral view (Fig. 16L); internal sac with dark microspicules over surface, a short flagellar plate visible inside dorsal margin in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Male (BPBM) dissected, point mounted above original mounting platen, and labeled: Hal. Maui / 1500 ft. (on reverse) //
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<taxonomicName lsidName="obscuricolor" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="obscuricolor">obscuricolor</taxonomicName>
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/ var. from lower / elevation. RCLP. // red rectangle // T.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="obscuricolor" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="obscuricolor">obscuricolor</taxonomicName>
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//
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName lsidName="ambulatus" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="ambulatus">ambulatus</taxonomicName>
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/ ♂ #1 / det. J.K. Liebherr 2014 // HOLOTYPE /
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName lsidName="ambulatus" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="ambulatus">ambulatus</taxonomicName>
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/ Liebherr / det. J.K. Liebherr 2015 (black-margined red label). The elevation of 1500 ft. along the Makawao-Paia road is designated the type locality.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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The past participle
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<taxonomicName lsidName="ambulatus" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="ambulatus">ambulatus</taxonomicName>
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means to have travelled or traversed, and is used to signify R.C.L.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Perkins’">Perkins'</normalizedToken>
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discovery of the single known specimen at 1500 ft. elevation on
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
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. This low elevation collecting site is interpreted to have been along his walk from Makawao, the home base of his mountain collecting, to Paia, the village where he purchased groceries (
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<bibRefCitation author="Manning, A" journalOrPublisher="Bishop Museum Occasional Papers" pageId="309" pageNumber="310" pagination="1 - 46" title="The Sandwich Islands Committee, Bishop Museum, and R. C. L. Perkins: cooperative zoological exploration and publication." volume="26" year="1986">Manning 1986</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax ambulatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambulatus">Mecyclothorax ambulatus</taxonomicName>
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is a biogeographic relict, being labeled from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Haleakalā">Haleakala</normalizedToken>
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, 1500 ft. by Perkins (Fig. 21). The designated type locality currently lies among agricultural fields and homesites near the town of Kamole, leading to the conclusion that this species is extinct near its only known locality.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |