treatments-xml/data/10/98/16/109816ADAB008DCCCBAC5A4AD14EA891.xml

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<mods:title id="A0F3F61D030CD1401C32AD3F9F6A43D1">Revision of the genus-group Hystricella R. T. Lowe, 1855 from Porto Santo (Madeira Archipelago), with descriptions of new recent and fossil taxa (Gastropoda, Helicoidea, Geomitridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3EAD81514BFD26228E281B4CAB92A5A0">Mattia, Willy De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0829F3061F6BCEB913C966810B6DC59C">Neiber, Marco T.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="109816ADAB008DCCCBAC5A4AD14EA891" ID-GBIF-Taxon="140417775" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:109816ADAB008DCCCBAC5A4AD14EA891" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/109816ADAB008DCCCBAC5A4AD14EA891" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="285B5BF399ABE56386940D97A570F572" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="741983DE0CCB96803D63BE35EF18B82B" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="61559642A9B879FC17C52D6F7CAD7AD1" ID-CoL="7TN6Z" authority="R. T. Lowe, 1831" authorityName="R. T. Lowe" authorityYear="1831" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Wollastonia oxytropis (R. T. Lowe, 1831)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DF97D1196F0DF97E4B220160410D7C74" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 183-187, 188-194, 195
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FB401C2F36F9A0B76E659F49CB14935" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="list of synonyms">
<paragraph id="FC1A4F8A308CA48A78BC8C510550CEEF" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">List of synonyms.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="700FD77019D7381397D41F43A4E93352" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1831 
<taxonomicName id="8C71251BDC72DACA98605748AFE3E7A1" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Helix oxytropis</taxonomicName>
R. T. Lowe: 57, pl. 6 fig. 18.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB76E100AE907EDCA825B15AB84D955A" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1846 
<taxonomicName id="6B94855B2B3962B349A1FEB4C4D82A72" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Helix oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- L. Pfeiffer: 142, pl. 91 figs 12-13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8AB83C29491D81FF1EC1B01E80CEC464" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1847 
<taxonomicName id="B76CD914183048C8258464A59780F549" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Helix oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- L. Pfeiffer in L. 
<bibRefCitation id="32F84F631DA45B7C91316AA6C666C601" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Pfeiffer 1847-1848</bibRefCitation>
: 190.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="716F06D106822554999BDB89DC37F9F3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1854 
<taxonomicName id="A08C05794059C6DC16E0686307BCD550" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Helix oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Reeve in 
<bibRefCitation id="AD5C51A6BEF962A32DA760874B59C4E1" author="Reeve, LA" journalOrPublisher="Reeve, London" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" title="Monograph of the genus Helix. Conchologia Iconica: or, illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals." year="1851 - 1854">Reeve 1851-1854</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 138 fig. 868.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="369E3D1F7CDC8F43C0707393F3BCBD66" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1854 
<taxonomicName id="B0EBEEE14FCAA64670CCD252F3235586" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix (Ochthphila) oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis" subGenus="Ochthphila">Helix (Ochthphila) oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Albers: 37, pl. 9 figs 8-10.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="642B354DDD1F3F5B027FD02D38BD6262" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1855 
<taxonomicName id="4EC34622011E6CC0B0E64206D81EB8AF" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix (Hystricella) oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis" subGenus="Hystricella">Helix (Hystricella) oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- R. T. Lowe: 186.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4AC91B467D770052E3D84FF72C3C5EE" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1867 
<taxonomicName id="709991ED21869E52F44456437F90E9C8" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix (Octephila) oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis" subGenus="Octephila">Helix (Octephila) oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Paiva: 46.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3117EA91F06FE956235544D23A43130F" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1878 
<taxonomicName id="0BC11E20BF3929EA62D2826CE332CEDB" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix (Hystricella) oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis" subGenus="Hystricella">Helix (Hystricella) oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Wollaston: 167-168.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CCD96D66E2370EB7ED9A5911F78CC8AC" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1888 
<taxonomicName id="96696DA4AE9D6DC928A7A50A0D2EDA2C" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Helix oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Tryon in 
<bibRefCitation id="FBF2205A3FB02D9983D80CB157287953" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tryon and [Pilsbry] 1888</bibRefCitation>
: 33, pl. 7 fig. 92.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6970B2EB7016785C81EA0E5D2EF271CD" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1894 
<taxonomicName id="F60CAFE44F1764BC76520061F9E68ABA" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Geomitra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geomitra oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Geomitra oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Pilsbry in 
<bibRefCitation id="80608E27B055753FF4C17ED83B5D9ECB" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Pilsbry 1893-1895</bibRefCitation>
: 242.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CA6E4C92D7EFA9989606B7342323C129" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1931 
<taxonomicName id="735EFAD6B89ECD334114761CC4F4CD15" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Geomitra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geomitra (Actinella) oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis" subGenus="Actinella">Geomitra (Actinella) oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Nobre: pl. 2 fig. 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C2F7CAA1E2C2B4FC4C6425AA16BA010C" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1950 
<taxonomicName id="8CAD4A9ABAF75B26BC11270BAA5C6D84" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Discula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discula (Hystricella) oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis" subGenus="Hystricella">Discula (Hystricella) oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Mandahl-Barth: 31, 55.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E5AE3BE20A78DF4EACEBBD3DB5FC0891" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
1983 
<taxonomicName id="BFAF87A957AC45D0C376D7F9A4EE0C83" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Discula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discula (Hystricella) oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="oxytropis" subGenus="Hystricella" subSpecies="oxytropis">Discula (Hystricella) oxytropis oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- 
<normalizedToken id="08E8E432ABDF350F5BDBB0B2382F7FA3" originalValue="Waldén">Walden</normalizedToken>
: 267.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3D1149E9FAFC23BB292BC94B2E84695" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
2002 
<taxonomicName id="993098B07C93EBC9FFCA999AB902151C" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Geomitra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Geomitra oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="oxytropis" subSpecies="oxytropis">Geomitra oxytropis oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Bank et al.: 124.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EDE9A48B1DBF3BA85DE2896709BC0064" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
2006 
<taxonomicName id="AFF8CEFB67A899FCA7B97FB37EB22EEE" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Discula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discula oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Discula oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Cameron et al.: 40 [partim].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F50469BA8D899A2122C2DED01C3A4AC9" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
2008 
<taxonomicName id="366C5AEA366C5AC02A15EDE7C217083E" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Hystricella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hystricella oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Hystricella oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Seddon: 79, map 180.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A884D7C2EF2D576650F0D7B4B2C268A" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
2009 
<taxonomicName id="BBD17EE49D10762B73B7E1969B499D00" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Hystricella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hystricella oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="oxytropis" subSpecies="oxytropis">Hystricella oxytropis oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Groh et al.: 21, fig. 26.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="354B04E6D1F7712E7483651628A1F536" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
2011 
<taxonomicName id="69D8EC0031718DD0A33346D8B63EC419" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Hystricella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hystricella oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Hystricella oxytropis</taxonomicName>
- Seddon: e.T6728A12801442.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5E5D8E085636364B5C9F6A0203886919" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="type material">
<paragraph id="88C0356973033CF3A125E1BD5900C822" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="54B74682F189CDB06505D2E979B54A03" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
NHM 1968.546, lectotype, (herewith designated), from loc. typ., ex coll. R. T. Lowe; NHM 1948.7.8.12/1 paralectotype, from loc. typ., ex coll. R. T. Lowe. See Fig. 183 for the original figure of 
<taxonomicName id="9BBD6C3C9695A495075B817A41476BBB" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Helix oxytropis</taxonomicName>
R. T. Lowe, 1831 from 
<bibRefCitation id="8C6EE60B65724B22EF2EADE89A944691" author="Lowe, RT" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 70" title="Primitiae faunae et florae Maderae et Portus Sancti; sive species quaedam novae vel hactenus minus rite cognitae animalium et plantarum in his insulis degentium breviter descriptae." volume="4" year="1831">Lowe (1831</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 6 fig. 18) and Figs 184-185 for the lectotype/paralectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="99C2404D517CBC8F3E674E6019F52335" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Helix oxytropis</taxonomicName>
R. T. Lowe, 1831 (Photo: P. Crabb, NHM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5A9610FD11AEF4F676F71D0FC1229882" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="11AB0E4A1E35CB9CB9FD4C43ADC89C13" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Further material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E5961803AA2A78EA6A5FFC8AE253B28A" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
All from Porto Santo, CGK/1, CMN/1, Pico do 
<normalizedToken id="0D119B51205235BC8705CCD6C94B3A54" originalValue="Maçarico">Macarico</normalizedToken>
, under stones close to the top, 
<geoCoordinate id="66C9A0D40246D916D410BA7157DC22F1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.066666">33°04'00&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="12CDEA0B5757A6D590C00E9D6BE863FD" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.304722">16°18'17&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 200 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jul. 10 1983; CKG/2, Pico do 
<normalizedToken id="8E58F1E74C6CBD195D930350B1C213C3" originalValue="Maçarico">Macarico</normalizedToken>
, under stones close to the top, 
<geoCoordinate id="F7D66106BDDBB8D690BE389D7929A563" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.066666">33°04'00&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="551255D5ED22CD3FF75E11EB97235CD6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.304722">16°18'17&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 250-285 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jul. 10 1983; CGK/2, CMN/1, Pico Novalido, W of Pico do Concelho, under stones, 
<geoCoordinate id="D8AE05B1AF8E1C8E7C7914F8BD8ACBF2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.07861">33°04'43&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="8CF94F320B355624EB5EC13D9150902F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.305277">16°18'19&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 185 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jun. 29 1983; CGK/5, Pico do Concelho, SW slopes, under stones, 
<geoCoordinate id="985F27821696F8EC7B156AC8CC3F6193" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.076942">33°04'37&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="2D33F57BA6627D47FCF23A310C34150F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.296389">16°17'47&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 200-230 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jun. 29 1983; CKG/2, slope of the Pico do 
<normalizedToken id="D654EB78CA30091ECF873D81ED555241" originalValue="Maçarico">Macarico</normalizedToken>
from Serra de Fora via Casas Velhas, 
<geoCoordinate id="465237BB415D05261E84620C16E03791" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.068054">33°04'05&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="0D991AB2074B87573BD2CECCDF29D6D4" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.309721">16°18'35&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 100-200 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jul. 10 1983; CKG/5, Pico do Baixo, W slope, 
<geoCoordinate id="092AE39A77FAAB087EEFD61DD9194CD4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.0625">33°03'45&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="6C8D556C475BC87E49DFAAAB695D2302" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.299444">16°17'58&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 150-210 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jun. 9 1983; CWDM/25, ridge of Pico do Concelho towards E, under stones in grassland, 
<geoCoordinate id="2A9D74C4ABAEC3FC27D199627D65622B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.07833">33°04'42&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="A5504FB9D2C6B7E8C2B355259907E40B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.29889">16°17'56&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 270 m, leg. W. De Mattia &amp; J. Macor, May 18 2015; CFW 11153/&lt;10, Pico do Concelho, ridge W of the summit, 
<geoCoordinate id="184EAEAE6B5BA3149A0FD5F1E6C77B9B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.07861">33°04'43&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="1B5CD30E6F7A904F7844907C17A40915" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.301943">16°18'07&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 220 m, leg. F. Walther, Apr. 3 2017; ANSP H 11846/10, CMN/2, Pico do Concelho, S slope, 
<geoCoordinate id="D9A3A9079CFEEC14E3130B411F85CEA3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.078056">33°04'41&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="DABF112F4922FD82047916051B319ACB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.299166">16°17'57&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 280 m, leg. J. Gerber, K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Aug. 12 1985; ANSP H 11845/3, Pico do Concelho, W slope, 
<geoCoordinate id="7AA827257C2AB77AC8E728CEECE29D89" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.07861">33°04'43&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="6D73AA1C821A56F42FC4AF4E5C64FD21" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.301111">16°18'04&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 250 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jun. 29 1983; ANSP H 11848/12, Pico Malhada, NW slope, 
<geoCoordinate id="EBDFEC6A5D83838C0B4D45C4C7D47FA3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.066666">33°04'00&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="65BCEEF8C96AE73FACBE2C4EB1E5DE22" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.300554">16°18'02&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 120 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jul. 7 1983; ANSP H 11851/12, Pico do Macaricos, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7228DB4B736725F39DB75AEBAC596A3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.06611">33°03'58&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="1D7EE1F275C2C0B6A8C0B68AD08C51B9" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.30361">16°18'13&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 230 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jul. 10 1983; ANSP H 11850/3, Pico do 
<normalizedToken id="7F52574EE33FD98A766F7AFCF10C95BD" originalValue="Maçarico">Macarico</normalizedToken>
, SE slope, 
<geoCoordinate id="E9773FC0EE7454E39F133A19A44830DD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.065834">33°03'57&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="2A9A7332A5739EE8B17D0144B0969A77" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.303055">16°18'11&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 220 m, leg. J. &amp; C. Hemmen, Jan. 8 1981; ANSP H 11849/7, Pico do Concelho, SW slope, 
<geoCoordinate id="11ED229A69EB02ECC08011425ED45896" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.07833">33°04'42&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="08447AC1E367552F6F9CD6A017E21F64" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.297499">16°17'51&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 200 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jun. 29 1983; ANSP H 11849/14, approx. 0.5 km S Serra de Dentro, 
<geoCoordinate id="35778A0569418039F3CCA1C14D7ED04A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.078888">33°04'44&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="7562EF76D1204A36B65281D1C92B0EC5" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.307222">16°18'26&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 125 m, leg. J. &amp; C. Hemmen, Jan. 6 1981; ANSP H 11852/9, Pico do 
<normalizedToken id="F61FE28F3D200540ECB173DF21C6B485" originalValue="Maçarico">Macarico</normalizedToken>
, NE slope, 
<geoCoordinate id="D7C4C2E321906E8588DD032DCDB4FBF7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.06611">33°03'58&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="07E3DADB55AD808667FC9640D8402DE4" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.3025">16°18'09&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 210 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jul. 10 1983; ANSP H 11847/11, Pico do Baixo, 
<geoCoordinate id="3918D5A39EDC4C8B08EEA3CF0DF73769" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="33.0625">33°03'45&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
/ 
<geoCoordinate id="75198A1CD1A4AC0FAFBA93BDA34155E0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-16.299166">16°17'57&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 150 m, leg. K. Groh &amp; J. Hemmen, Jul. 9 1983; ZMH 24293/2, Porto Santo, without exact locality data, ex coll. Altonaer Museum; ZMH 24294/1, Porto Santo, without exact locality data, ex coll. Altonaer Museum, ex coll. O. Semper, ex coll. Dohrn.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="775D09AF344A6ECFA77B5D5EB0C4ED74" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="locus typicus">
<paragraph id="CFF1E6CDBE9AD21CEEA0B29A33EA22F8" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Locus typicus.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="393A125F92EB7FE49892DFB844D74CA3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Hab. in collibus maritimis Portus Sti.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="62E3FD4F4FA04F07A3DEF17BA8C2A908" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="829DB9035D0D4E157EDD5BFE4251F228" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Original description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="500661F6CD1FF87029EDFDAEF22F168A" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
From 
<bibRefCitation id="0C65AC4BB01038A58BF10EB3FB29B20C" author="Lowe, RT" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 70" title="Primitiae faunae et florae Maderae et Portus Sancti; sive species quaedam novae vel hactenus minus rite cognitae animalium et plantarum in his insulis degentium breviter descriptae." volume="4" year="1831">Lowe 1831</bibRefCitation>
: H. testa depresso-conoidea, supra planulata, perforata, carinata, tota scabra, fusca, sub-fasciata: spira depresso-conica; sutura distincta; anfractibus planiusculis; ultimi carina acuta, distinctissima, supra marginata sc. exarata vel sulco expressa; omnibus distinctissime confertim granulatis, asperis: umbilico minimo, sub-spirali, aperto: apertura rotundata; peristomate continuo, circinato, disjuncto, reflexo. Axis 2 
<normalizedToken id="E385EE2BC11277823481D66C22526306" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
lin. Diam. 4. Anfr. 6 
<normalizedToken id="78F10CF9F43020A957A816EC5CF8A466" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="333EF7564B3CECF0363201D1F6EC9B68" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="shell">
<paragraph id="B0B68D0DDEFEE30214899BBDA84B1B6B" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Shell.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAC7F27DE8A67FEDC6E5C5E03824A2E3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
The shell is dextral and hairless. Its shape is rather flattened, almost discoidal, with shallow sutures. The protoconch is brownish with 2-2.3 whorls. It is almost smooth along the first whorl and shows fine radial striae along its remaining portion. The teleoconch has from 3.3 to 3.8 rapidly increasing whorls. It is violet-dark brown with brick red and/or dark violet shades. The dark areas of the shells are mottled with more or less brown to whitish areas, usually arranged longitudinally and slightly slanting. No band pattern is visible along the upper whorls. On the lower part of the last whorl two dark bands are visible that can be more or less broad. The peripheral band is usually broader, even if often rather blurred. In some specimens, the two bands merge together and form a single broad, dark band. The area around the umbilicus is the lightest in colour. The teleoconch whorls are rather flat, with shallow sutures and without a visible keel. The body whorl shows a strong, single keel that sometimes even bends slightly downwards. This keel is of the same colour as the remaining shell and its ornamentation pattern is also not markedly different from that of the rest of the 
<normalizedToken id="6F95E9FE4647EFA918F5A5964F64D1B8" originalValue="shell’s">shell's</normalizedToken>
surface. Contrary to most other 
<taxonomicName id="AA556E290D88894FA120E195A9CF143F" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Hystricella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hystricella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Hystricella</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="8906917BD00161EF5389A96E6C352230" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wollastonia</taxonomicName>
species, the keel does not have the appearance of a rough chord. The surface of the teleoconch is ornamented with very fine, irregularly spaced growth lines and regularly arranged, very densely set small tubercles. The last whorl is usually large, contributing approximately 50% to the total shell height and descending near the aperture. The umbilicus is open, eccentric, and measures approximately 10% of the maximum shell diameter. The aperture is elliptical, with a faint thickening along the columellar portion of the stoma. This thickening can also extend as far the parietal side of the aperture. The peristome is continuous, thin, slightly reflected, with the columellar margin somewhat thicker and more reflected (see also Figs 186-187).
</paragraph>
<caption id="5AE0E1BD50568C0C2190B45E729EE055" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
<paragraph id="CE6187F40BA04CE1223AB7A73B2C3F04" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
Figures 183-187. Shells of 
<taxonomicName id="8AABA977780A0B25648AA58A06072204" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Wollastonia oxytropis</taxonomicName>
. 183 original figure of 
<taxonomicName id="938F3B11AAEA3325A2EBACDBE880F8D9" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Helix oxytropis</taxonomicName>
R. T. Lowe, 1831 from 
<bibRefCitation id="F11D00DF31AF186C518CDE2CEBB84FDF" author="Lowe, RT" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 70" title="Primitiae faunae et florae Maderae et Portus Sancti; sive species quaedam novae vel hactenus minus rite cognitae animalium et plantarum in his insulis degentium breviter descriptae." volume="4" year="1831">Lowe (1831</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 6 fig. 18) 184 lectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="0A431B59B1AC6D218E1449EF61DE9A3A" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Helix oxytropis</taxonomicName>
R. T. Lowe, 1831, NMH 1968.546 ex coll. Lowe 185 paralectotype 186, 187 recent specimens from Pico do Concelho. Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D639037E1FA6E22C6546817DD7186E9A" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="28D76F5B1DA089E3021FE06EFD63C807" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Measurements.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DEAFBCDCD8DB348FDAFD79DDA7BBD47C" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
D 6.8 
<normalizedToken id="4A0C9D222FA90E83AD0B60CC2E0A22C5" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2 mm (range 7.5-8.0 mm); H 4.9 
<normalizedToken id="198BC23EFD48A48C9E6EAAD33F96E6F1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.4 mm (range 4.4-5.5 mm); FW 2.7 
<normalizedToken id="A65A9D32C5AE2406E7C00677584F3E67" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2 mm (range 2.3-3.0 mm); PA 35.8 
<normalizedToken id="60CC2CDCC890EEE11B3D54B6874E5B7E" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
6.9° (range 33.6-39.3°); DU 0.5 
<normalizedToken id="335FD493BC972CF03DEC0508A6A5EE1E" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.05 mm (range 0.4-0.6 mm); NT 89 
<normalizedToken id="2D1DBF148559336FA3392B8A169A3280" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
14 (range 96-61); NW 5.6 
<normalizedToken id="60EDFE656E5179909D94F42C9DE02D00" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.3 (range 5.3-5.9) (n = 25). Ratio D/H 1.4; ratio FW/H 0.6.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C19C171FE0DA0BA1270F15C134913677" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="body">
<paragraph id="C3448075704D20BAF31CA7CF814A0045" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Body.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D8EE8D091BC4316D147AF35A8D0CE64" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
As in the genus description. 
<taxonomicName id="F0E3E8160B4D442A2D1344D2D7C4839F" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Wollastonia oxytropis</taxonomicName>
tends however, to have an overall darker body colouration than the other 
<taxonomicName id="59D5E1DFF5764E44D4D887B630CD59FF" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wollastonia</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1F72163B129E256387CBBC7F4620DE66" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="genital anatomy">
<paragraph id="B711B4F91F356CE0ED898D2ECB7BA094" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Genital anatomy.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3D81DA5754006E18806FB336C824714D" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
The albumen gland is long and thin and is connected to an approximately twice as long sperm-oviduct. The thin vas deferens is roughly 1.5 times longer than the penial complex. The free oviduct is as long as the vagina. The duct of the bursa copulatrix is thin, approximately as long as the penial complex and uniform in diameter. It ends in a roundish bursa copulatrix. The transition area between the duct and the bursa itself is sharply delimited, with the duct abruptly widening and turning into the bursa. The spermatophore is unknown. One tuft of digitiform glands arises from the proximal part of the vagina. There are usually three glands that are approximately equally long and very rarely branched. A short and thin vaginal appendix arises from the wall of the vagina, just distal of the glandular tuft. The internal walls of the vagina are smooth, as are those of the atrium. The atrium is relatively long and thin. The penial flagellum is very short, cylindrical, has a somewhat blunt to slightly pointed apex, and is usually much shorter than the epiphallus. The epiphallus is approximately as long to slightly longer than the penis. Its internal wall is equipped with irregular longitudinal pleats. The retractor muscle is rather large, strong and of variable 
<pageBreakToken id="86551EE1CEA5A4E772A4CC812BEAB782" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" start="start">length</pageBreakToken>
. The penis misses any muscular or glandular sheath. It is thick-walled, cylindrical, and slightly swollen at the level of the penial papilla. The inner walls of the penis are smooth. The penial papilla is small and it usually has a blunt shape. It has smooth external walls with the opening emerging apically. The channel of the penial papilla is thin and narrow. The inner lumen of the penial papilla is occupied by a spongy and sturdy tissue which directly connects with the walls of the epiphallus. The longitudinal section of the penial papilla shows that its walls are the continuation of the penial walls that abruptly bend inward. See Figs 188-194.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8B553B1CF1B92E1AF7FE73D999D9F2EE" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<paragraph id="10079C6F424D0711E057F2A29F38CC3A" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
Figures 188-194. Genitalia and anatomy of 
<taxonomicName id="821134F6FB89C39AB53C180CCF09ADC9" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Wollastonia oxytropis</taxonomicName>
from Pico do Concelho: 188 whole genitalia excluding part of OSD, AG and gonads. Pico do Concelho: 189 section of vagina 190 tip of penial papilla 191 whole genitalia excluding part of OSD, AG and gonads 192 mantle border 193 ornamentation of the inner walls of the flagellum, the penial complex, the vagina and the genital atrium 194 jaw. Scale bars 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0BD47894304271BEA0301264C7C5B74F" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="45EE34A1DC7D5F74D53D9EE3DA50B535" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9EC167E3E299A949053A5407768DC5CA" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="7D06C892589F45EA43387202FA7924B5" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Wollastonia oxytropis</taxonomicName>
is found under volcanic stones and rocks, in rock crevices and stone walls built in open, stony fields in sloping grasslands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67239F707F0097B3003345ECD26C4D23" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BAC7911DBC0D3C63AF32129DCAA996D8" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C271D3275C2279264A846BC0C0F9CA6A" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="E13D3F13330C826B1675E062441C90D1" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Wollastonia oxytropis</taxonomicName>
has a quite small distributional range. It is known to live exclusively along the SE part of the main island Porto Santo: Pico do Baixo, Pico do 
<normalizedToken id="84EC329EDB34E1818CBFD09851A8E01B" originalValue="Maçarico">Macarico</normalizedToken>
, Pico do Concelho and Pico do Novalido. These localities were confirmed by survey performed during the 1980's and 1990's (CKG, ANSP, 
<bibRefCitation id="8A3F025BBC4D16F2453F4DDBA608D92A" author="Seddon, MB" journalOrPublisher="Biotir Reports" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 196" title="The landsnails of Madeira. An illustrated compendium of the landsnails and slugs of the Madeiran archipelago." volume="2" year="2008">Seddon 2008</bibRefCitation>
). During recent field surveys (WDM 2012, 2014, 2015, FW 2017) the species has been found living only along the ridge of Pico do Concelho despite careful searches at the above-mentioned localities. The known distribution is shown in Fig. 195.
</paragraph>
<caption id="934D97C18DF17436AD01874094C8B12A" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<paragraph id="EEF4C386BC027C1EEF5D2737B302E08A" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
Figure 195. Distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="BEDFEB8887D2439CE46E4F62AEDFFD7D" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Wollastonia oxytropis</taxonomicName>
. Filled circles refer to recent and open circles to fossil records.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C23CC6757FB5392E12620F372831B349" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="comparisons">
<paragraph id="D51FDCE1BBBDFFF90E0A61CCB48E0710" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Comparison and comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="76B48590A68E78D8DC247A6756F50940" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="D84375AA3B9E53E5D61206D12488F113" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Wollastonia oxytropis</taxonomicName>
is clearly distinguishable from all other species belonging to 
<taxonomicName id="90B041393934CFA05457CD2BC7FCEADC" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Hystricella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hystricella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Hystricella</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B31BAE3AD89F0C2B2A9E06B7A9F7B701" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wollastonia</taxonomicName>
by the presence of only a single keel, the rather flattened, almost discoidal shell with very shallow sutures and the extremely short flagellum in relation to the epiphallus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A519E081B4C0020829EF42A4A178B9" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="taxonomic remarks">
<paragraph id="9C61208E2A387D5D002E00D6BF8F636D" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Taxonomic remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F223279AB07E7604A7B0DDE55904AB77" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="8AB75C3A1572061FC17B45DA4CC1E95D" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia oxytropis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxytropis">Wollastonia oxytropis</taxonomicName>
is somewhat unusual among the 
<taxonomicName id="C2919CA2F1A961C39B30D5B527C22E22" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wollastonia</taxonomicName>
gen. n. species as its genital anatomy is more similar to that of the investigated 
<taxonomicName id="917DF22041515A974C0434714B80C69F" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Discula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Discula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Discula</taxonomicName>
s. str. species than to that of the remaining 
<taxonomicName id="C00C2AEA343539D5D6BFEFB7C932EDD9" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wollastonia</taxonomicName>
gen. n. species. However, in the cox1 phylogeny (Fig. 5) the species is clearly embedded within the 
<taxonomicName id="B880C03D746A51F1F82007F8B18C16A9" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wollastonia</taxonomicName>
gen. n. clade indicating that the similarity in genital anatomy may be the result of convergence. We therefore include the species in 
<taxonomicName id="6875F60954C40B15241F3F9DC148E28D" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Wollastonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wollastonia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wollastonia</taxonomicName>
gen. n. until more in depth phylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons of the remaining geomitrinid genera will become available.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C83AE2DB33D03FB4DE81762E695CC573" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="status and conservation">
<paragraph id="0663C371A3039FF8D6C2EADAA58ADD12" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Status and conservation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1728B4CCE3C7A60C6875E07D7C335683" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
According to the current IUCN assessment (
<bibRefCitation id="E7461CCD50782BA5A7E6FF9DFA7A7CF2" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Seddon 2011d</bibRefCitation>
) the species is considered Near Threatened (NT). Recent surveys indicate however that the species is clearly declining, both with regard to the distributional range and population size, probably as a result of a decline in habitat quality. The area of occupancy and extent of occurrence is approximately 4 km² and the species occurs at relatively few localities clustered in the upper parts of two hills in the south-eastern part of Porto Santo. Therefore, the species should be considered as Endangered (EN B1a, b(iii), 2a, b(iii)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>