353 lines
39 KiB
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353 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.43.49128" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f13774bd-fbef-4608-97e7-8841a21254f9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163640123" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2367-5365-43-61" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8571D264804B582DB5C6826EB1F605EB" ID-ZooBank="AFE0F1E99E4B4E559A6473FA955F1895" ModsDocID="2367-5365-43-61" checkinTime="1586965389506" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Alipanah, Helen, Malm, Tobias & Asselbergs, Jan" docDate="2020" docId="E06878C4235F549A80880243854F7077" docLanguage="en" docName="NotaLepidopt 43: 61-76" docOrigin="Nota Lepidopterologica 43" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.43.49128" docTitle="Sitochroa malekalis Alipanah & Malm & Asselbergs 2020, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="8571D264804B582DB5C6826EB1F605EB" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="8571D264804B582DB5C6826EB1F605EB" masterDocTitle="A new species of Sitochroa Huebner, 1825 (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae) from Iran, with taxonomic notes on the genus" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="61" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1643439810771" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Sitochroa Huebner, 1825 (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae) from Iran, with taxonomic notes on the genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Alipanah, Helen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran; e-mail: alipanah @ iripp. ir; halipanah @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">halipanah@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Malm, Tobias</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden; email: tobias. malm @ nrm. se</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Asselbergs, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Neerland 20, 4614 GD Bergen op Zoom, The Netherlands; e-mail: jef. asselbergs @ hetnet. nl</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Nota Lepidopterologica</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>43</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>61</mods:start>
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<mods:end>76</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.43.49128</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.43.49128</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2367-5365-43-61</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">AFE0F1E99E4B4E559A6473FA955F1895</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163640123" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E06878C4235F549A80880243854F7077" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E06878C4235F549A80880243854F7077" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName LSID="E06878C4-235F-549A-8088-0243854F7077" authority="(Amsel, 1950)" authorityName="Alipanah & Malm & Asselbergs" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Amsel" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Sitochroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sitochroa malekalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malekalis" status="comb. nov.">Sitochroa malekalis (Amsel, 1950)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="61">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Adults of Sitochroa spp. A, B S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female, C S. straminealis (Hampson), female. A, C Upper side, B, D Underside. Scale bars: 10.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399939" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figs 8A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Head of Sitochroa malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female. A Frontal view, B, C Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399940" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">, 9A-C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">, 10A, B, D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Loxostege" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxostege malekalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malekalis">Loxostege malekalis</taxonomicName>
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Amsel, 1950: 245-246, figs 37, 78.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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Iran,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fārs">Fars</normalizedToken>
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Prov [ince]: 2 ♀♀, 50 km Khonj- Lar Rd., 920 m, 14.iv.1975, Borumand leg. (genitalia preparation No. HA-2512, HMIM), 1 ♀, 50 km Lar- Jahrom Rd., 890 m, 13.iv.1975, Borumand leg.;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tehrān">Tehran</normalizedToken>
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Prov [ince]: 1 ♀,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tehrān">Tehran</normalizedToken>
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, Evin, 26.v.1971, no collector given, 1 ♀,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Tehrān">Tehran</normalizedToken>
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, Evin, 1600 m, 22.vi.1972, no collector given (genitalia preparation No. 158, HMIM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Turkmenistan, 1 ♂, W. Kopet Dagh, Parchai, 400 m, 2.v.1996, Z. Klyutschko leg. (genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Note.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Loxostege" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxostege malekalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Loxostege malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1950. Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 2. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologi (N.S.), Stockholm (ser. 2) 1(17): 223-257." title="Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 2. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologi (N. S.), Stockholm (ser. 2) 1 (17): 223 - 257." year="1950">Amsel (1950)</bibRefCitation>
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based on a single male collected in Takht-e Malek (Sistan and Baluchestan Province) at the beginning of April 1938, and since then the female remained undescribed. During our study, five females were found in the HMIM with the same wing pattern and external characteristics as the male holotype based on the original description, but not examined. They are also externally very similar to the single examined male specimen collected in Kopet Dagh. Because of this superficial similarity, the females are here considered conspecific with
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<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">L. malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and described.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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Following a careful examination, the male genitalia of
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<taxonomicName genus="L." lsidName="L. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">L. malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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possess the main diagnostic characters of the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Sitochroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sitochroa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Sitochroa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, i.e. a biramous clasper and the presence of a distal sclerotized process at the apex of the phallus. Therefore, this species is here transferred to the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Sitochroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sitochroa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Sitochroa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Alipanah & Malm & Asselbergs" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Amsel" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Sitochroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sitochroa malekalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Sitochroa malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. palealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="palealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. palealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in female genitalia but can be distinguished from the latter by the weakly sclerotized antrum and narrower medial notch at the posterior margin of the seventh abdominal sternite (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female genitalia. A Sitochroa palealis (Denis & Schiffermueller), genitalia preparation No. HA- 2513, HMIM, B, C Loxostege farsalis Amsel syn. nov., allotype, genitalia preparation No. NHRS-TOBI 000004702." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399938" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">7A-C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10A, B</figureCitation>
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). Moreover,
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. palealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="palealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. palealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a heavily wrinkled, sclerotized lamella postvaginalis (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Female genitalia. A Sitochroa palealis (Denis & Schiffermueller), genitalia preparation No. HA- 2513, HMIM, B, C Loxostege farsalis Amsel syn. nov., allotype, genitalia preparation No. NHRS-TOBI 000004702." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399938" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">7A-C</figureCitation>
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) while in
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it is hardly sclerotized with less visible wrinkles (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10A, B</figureCitation>
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). These two species also differ from each other in wing pattern (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Adult males of Sitochroa spp. A, B Sitochroa urmiensis Alipanah, sp. nov., holotype, C-F S. palealis (Denis & Schiffermueller). A, C, E Upper side, B, D, F Underside. Scale bars: 10.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399932" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">1C-F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Adults of Sitochroa spp. A, B S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female, C S. straminealis (Hampson), female. A, C Upper side, B, D Underside. Scale bars: 10.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399939" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">8A, B</figureCitation>
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) and male genitalia structure (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Male genitalia. A, B Loxostege farsalis Amsel syn. nov. A Paratype, genitalia preparation No. NHRS-TOBI 000004704, B Holotype, genitalia preparation No. 2936, NHRS-TOBI 000004701, C-G Sitochroa palealis (Denis & Schiffermueller), C, E genitalia preparation No. HA- 2415, HMIM, D genitalia preparation No. HA- 2511, HMIM, F, G genitalia preparation No. HA- 2453, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399937" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">6A-G</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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There are similarities in the female genitalia between
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. straminealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="straminealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. straminealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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owing to the presence of a distinct upturned curvature at the posterior end of the ductus bursae, and an elongate sclerotized structure next to it (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10A-C</figureCitation>
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), the shape of the corpus bursae and appendix bursae, and the hardly sclerotized lamella postvaginalis (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10A-C</figureCitation>
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). However, they are very different from each other mainly in the more sclerotized funnel-shaped antrum of
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. straminealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="straminealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. straminealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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compared to the less sclerotized trapezoidal antrum in
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and nearly smooth posterior margin of seventh abdominal sternite of
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. straminealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="straminealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. straminealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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compared to that of
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with deep medial notch (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10A-C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
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The male genitalia
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. straminealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="straminealis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. straminealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are similar to each other in having a long sclerotized process at the internal base of each clasper. However, in
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<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
the two processes are divergent, less sclerotized, and with rounded apices (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10D</figureCitation>
|
|
) while in
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. straminealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="straminealis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. straminealis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
they are nearly parallel (in some specimens slightly curved inward), more sclerotized and pointed apically (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A-C S. urmiensis Alipanah, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2457, HMIM, D-F S. straminealis (Hampson), genitalia preparation No. HA- 2436, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399933" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">2D, E</figureCitation>
|
|
). Moreover, in both species the uncus is relatively wide (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A-C S. urmiensis Alipanah, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2457, HMIM, D-F S. straminealis (Hampson), genitalia preparation No. HA- 2436, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399933" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">2D</figureCitation>
|
|
,
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|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10D</figureCitation>
|
|
) and the phallus has a narrow, elongate distal sclerotized process (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A-C S. urmiensis Alipanah, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2457, HMIM, D-F S. straminealis (Hampson), genitalia preparation No. HA- 2436, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399933" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">2D, E</figureCitation>
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|
,
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|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10D</figureCitation>
|
|
), although in
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
the vesica has only one slender cornutus compared with the three cornuti in
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. straminealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="straminealis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. straminealis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A-C S. urmiensis Alipanah, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2457, HMIM, D-F S. straminealis (Hampson), genitalia preparation No. HA- 2436, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399933" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">2D, F</figureCitation>
|
|
). These two species are also very different from each other in wing pattern (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Adults of Sitochroa spp. A, B S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female, C S. straminealis (Hampson), female. A, C Upper side, B, D Underside. Scale bars: 10.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399939" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">8A-D</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
|
The close external resemblance of
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1900" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Loxostege" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxostege phaeoneuralis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phaeoneuralis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Loxostege phaeoneuralis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Hampson, 1900) was mentioned by
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1950. Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 2. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologi (N.S.), Stockholm (ser. 2) 1(17): 223-257." title="Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 2. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologi (N. S.), Stockholm (ser. 2) 1 (17): 223 - 257." year="1950">Amsel (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. However, these two species are very different from each other in genitalia structure.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Description of female.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Head</emphasis>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Head of Sitochroa malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female. A Frontal view, B, C Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399940" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">9A-C</figureCitation>
|
|
). Frons with bluntly pointed cone (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Head of Sitochroa malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female. A Frontal view, B, C Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399940" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">9B, C</figureCitation>
|
|
), covered with brown to pale brown scales and sometimes cream scales admixed with pale brown scales, paler laterally next to the compound eyes in some specimens; vertex with erect cream scales; with few ochre scales behind compound eye; labial palpus porrect with drooping apical segment (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Head of Sitochroa malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female. A Frontal view, B, C Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399940" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">9B, C</figureCitation>
|
|
), nearly twice (n = 4) horizontal diameter of compound eye, second segment longest, apical segment one-third of second segment (n = 1), first segment covered with cream scales, second and third segments covered with cream scales ventrally, brown to ochreous-brown dorso-laterally, in one specimen cream scales admixed with brown scales dorsally; proboscis mostly covered with cream to dirty-cream scales dorsally, in one specimen admixed with ochreous-brown scales; antennae covered with pale brown scales dorsally, in one specimen with cream scales dorsally, with a single considerably long seta present on dorsal surface of basal segment; collar cream, admixed with few pale ochreous-brown scales (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Head of Sitochroa malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female. A Frontal view, B, C Lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399940" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">9A-C</figureCitation>
|
|
); thorax and tegula cream, admixed with pale brown scales anteriorly, cream posteriorly; abdomen dirty-cream to pale brown (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Adults of Sitochroa spp. A, B S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female, C S. straminealis (Hampson), female. A, C Upper side, B, D Underside. Scale bars: 10.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399939" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">8A</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Forewing</emphasis>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Adults of Sitochroa spp. A, B S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female, C S. straminealis (Hampson), female. A, C Upper side, B, D Underside. Scale bars: 10.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399939" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">8A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Elongate, slightly rounded apically, with costa slightly convex at distal one-third and obliquely rounded termen, with length of 14.50-16.50 mm (Xˉ = 15.80 mm, n = 5); upper side glossy cream, veins and terminal line with brown suffusion, a curved brown medial line present, a strongly curved brown postmedial line crenate towards dorsum between veins Cu1, Cu2, A1+2 and dorsum, with brown discoidal spot, a brown antemedial spot and a relatively broad brown subterminal line thickened towards costa and crenate towards the dorsum, sometimes fading away towards dorsum, fringes dirty-cream to pale brown, with a median pale brown band; underside same as upper side, with antemedial, postmedial and subterminal lines less visible than on upper side, except for the thickened pale brown costal tip of the subterminal line.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399939" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
|
Adults of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Sitochroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sitochroa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Sitochroa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
spp.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A, B</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Amsel) comb. nov., female,
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. straminealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="straminealis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. straminealis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Hampson), female.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A, C</emphasis>
|
|
Upper side,
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B, D</emphasis>
|
|
Underside. Scale bars: 10.0 mm.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Hindwing</emphasis>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Adults of Sitochroa spp. A, B S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov., female, C S. straminealis (Hampson), female. A, C Upper side, B, D Underside. Scale bars: 10.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399939" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">8A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Upper side creamy-white, veins and terminal line with pale brown suffusion except for cream suffusion on anal veins, with relatively wide brown to pale brown subterminal line, medial line hardly visible, fringes dirty-cream with hardly visible median pale brown band; underside same as upper side.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Papillae anales of moderate length and width, slightly narrowed anteriorly; apophyses posteriores slightly shorter than apophyses anteriores; posterior margin of seventh abdominal sternite with deep medial notch, with rounded edges, and setae of moderate sizes (nearly all removed during slide preparation); lamella postvaginalis very slightly sclerotized with hardly visible wrinkles; ostium bursae rounded; antrum nearly membranous, large, trapezoidal and slightly constricted medio-laterally, with small funnel-shaped appendage anteriorly (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
); ductus bursae long, partly twisted, with posterior end widened and partially wrinkled just behind antrum, an elongate sclerotized structure beyond widened area and distinct upturned curvature next to it, with deep kinks at anterior end; ductus seminalis emerging from slightly beyond intersection of ductus bursae and antrum; corpus bursae ovoid, thick-walled, wrinkled, with relatively large rhomboid signum, appendix bursae extending from corpus bursae ventro-apically, round to ovoid when fully inflated (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Genitalia of Sitochroa spp. A, B, D S. malekalis (Amsel) comb. nov.: A Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, B Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2512, HMIM, D Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb., C Eighth segment of S. straminealis (Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA- 2437, HMIM." figureDoi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">10A</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
|
Iran: Tahte Malek (= Takht-e Malek, Sistan and Baluchestan Province) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Amsel, HG" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" refId="B1" refString="Amsel, HG, 1950. Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 2. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologi (N.S.), Stockholm (ser. 2) 1(17): 223-257." title="Die Microlepidopteren der Brandt'schen Iran-Ausbeute. 2. Teil. Arkiv foer Zoologi (N. S.), Stockholm (ser. 2) 1 (17): 223 - 257." year="1950">Amsel 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) (see also material examined for Iranian specimens), Turkmenistan (current study).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399940" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
|
Head of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Alipanah & Malm & Asselbergs" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Amsel" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Sitochroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sitochroa malekalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malekalis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Sitochroa malekalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Amsel) comb. nov., female.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A</emphasis>
|
|
Frontal view,
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B, C</emphasis>
|
|
Lateral view.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/nl.43.49128.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/399941" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="61">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
|
Genitalia of
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Sitochroa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sitochroa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">Sitochroa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
spp.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A, B, D</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. malekalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="malekalis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. malekalis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Amsel) comb. nov.:
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">A</emphasis>
|
|
Female genitalia, genitalia preparation No. HA-2512, HMIM,
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">B</emphasis>
|
|
Eighth segment, genitalia preparation No. HA-2512, HMIM,
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">D</emphasis>
|
|
Male genitalia, genitalia preparation No. 5567 Asb.,
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">C</emphasis>
|
|
Eighth segment of
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. straminealis" pageId="0" pageNumber="61" rank="species" species="straminealis">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="61">S. straminealis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Hampson), female, genitalia preparation No. HA-2437, HMIM.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |