treatments-xml/data/78/09/87/780987992A54FF897CB1954FFD7662BA.xml

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<mods:title>Review of the genus-level names proposed by Johannes Gistel in Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Bezděk, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2020-03-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number>60</mods:number>
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<mods:start>173</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.37520/aemnp.2020.011</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1804-6487</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection box="[930,1334,286,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1334,286,342]" box="[930,1334,286,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<heading box="[930,1334,286,309]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[930,1334,286,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authority="Gistel, 1856" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[930,1150,286,309]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[930,1009,286,309]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
Gistel, 1856
</taxonomicName>
, nomen oblitum
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="179" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1334,286,342]" box="[828,1057,323,342]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
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<treatmentCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[828,1053,323,342]" page="380" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" year="1856">
<taxonomicName authority="Gistel, 1856 a: 380" authorityName="Gistel" authorityPageNumber="380" authorityYear="1856" box="[828,1053,323,342]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[828,888,323,342]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[893,1053,323,342]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="2" refId="ref14574" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1856 a: Die Mysterien der europaischen Insectenwelt. Ein geheimer Schlussel fur Sammler aller Insecten-Ordnungen und Stande, behufs des Fangs, des Aufenthalts-Orts, der Wohnung, Tag- und Jahreszeit u. s. w., oder autoptische Darstellung des Insectenstaats in seinem Zusammenhange zum Bestehen des Naturhaushaltes uberhaupt und insbesondere in seinem Einflusse auf die phanerogamische und cryptogamische Pflanzenbevolkerung Europa's. Zum ersten Male nach funfundzwanzigjahrigen eigenen Erfahrungen zusammengestellt und herausgegeben. Tobias Dannheimer, Kempten, xii + 530 + [2] pp." type="journal article" year="1856">Gistel, 1856a: 380</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,367,656]" box="[828,1137,367,390]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[828,1137,367,390]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Originally included names:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="179" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,367,656]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
1. 
<emphasis box="[849,919,398,416]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">pyritosa</emphasis>
Ross. = 
<emphasis box="[1039,1254,397,416]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1039,1155,397,416]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysomela</taxonomicName>
pyritosus
</emphasis>
Rossi, 1792; now 
<emphasis box="[1017,1208,424,443]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Neophaedon pyritosus</emphasis>
(Rossi, 1792); genus 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Neophaedon</emphasis>
Jacobson, 1901 (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1238,1370,450,469]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelinae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chrysomelinae</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,367,656]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
2. 
<taxonomicName authority="Lin." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[849,953,477,496]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betulae">
<emphasis box="[849,912,477,496]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">betulae</emphasis>
Lin.
</taxonomicName>
= 
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1035,1338,477,496]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betulae">
<emphasis box="[1035,1203,477,496]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Chrysomela betulae</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
; treated as a nomen dubium in the genus 
<taxonomicName authority="Motschulsky, 1860" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1860" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1251,1345,504,523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Chrysolina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="MOTSCHULSKY V. DE" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="1854 - 1856" refId="ref16392" refString="MOTSCHULSKY V. DE 1860: Coleopteres rapportes de la Siberie orientale et notamment des pays situes sur le bords du fleuve Amour par MM. Schrenck, Maack, Ditmar, Voznessenski etc. In: Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande in den Jahren 1854 - 1856 im Auftrage der Kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg ausgefuhrt und in Verbindung mit mehreren Gelehrten herausgegeben von Dr. Leopold v. Schrenck. Band II. Zweite Lieferung. Coleopteren. Eggers &amp; Comp., St. Petersburg, pp. 77 - 257 + [1] + pls. VI-XI + 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1860">Motschulsky, 1860</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1109,1241,530,549]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelinae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chrysomelinae</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,367,656]" box="[828,1255,557,576]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
3. 
<taxonomicName box="[849,959,557,576]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" rank="variety" variety="nasturtii">
var. 
<emphasis box="[887,959,558,576]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">nasturtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
unavailable, nomen nudum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,367,656]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
4. 
<emphasis box="[849,896,585,603]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">aucta</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis box="[1036,1190,584,603]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1036,1139,584,603]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysomela</taxonomicName>
aucta
</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1787; synonym of 
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="C. G. Thomson" authorityYear="1859" box="[1017,1238,610,630]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Prasocuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hydrothassa">
<emphasis box="[1017,1111,612,630]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Prasocuris</emphasis>
(
<emphasis box="[1123,1231,610,629]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Hydrothassa</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[1243,1300,610,629]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">glabra</emphasis>
(Herbst, 1783); genus 
<taxonomicName authority="Latreille, 1802" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1070,1290,637,656]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Prasocuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1070,1163,638,656]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Prasocuris</emphasis>
Latreille, 1802
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1300,1431,637,656]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelinae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chrysomelinae</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="179" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,681,2112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[828,975,681,704]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<typeStatus box="[828,884,681,704]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[982,1215,681,705]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[982,1111,681,704]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysomela</taxonomicName>
pyritosus
</emphasis>
Rossi, 1792, by present designation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,681,2112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[828,1003,745,768]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Current status.</emphasis>
The name is available based on Article 12.2.5 (
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN" box="[907,1034,777,800]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" refId="ref14912" refString="ICZN 1999: International code of zoological nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
). Designated here as a nomen oblitum for 
<emphasis box="[865,1000,809,832]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Neophaedon</emphasis>
Jacobson, 1901 (nomen protectum).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,681,2112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[828,958,841,864]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Comments.</emphasis>
For many decades the description of 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[1361,1437,841,864]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alitene</taxonomicName>
nasturtii
</emphasis>
was attributed to 
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[1112,1274,873,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="513 - 606" refId="ref14765" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1857 b: Achthundert und zwanzig neue oder unbeschriebene wirbellose Thiere. Vacuna 2: 513 - 606." type="journal article" year="1857">GISTEL (1857b)</bibRefCitation>
who on p. 531 described ‘ 
<emphasis box="[947,1141,905,929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" box="[947,1042,905,928]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phaedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phaedon</taxonomicName>
nasturtii
</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName authority="Gistel" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[1157,1314,905,928]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alitene Gistel</taxonomicName>
)’ and on p. 547 published the second description under the name ‘ 
<emphasis box="[837,1010,969,993]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[837,913,969,992]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alitene</taxonomicName>
nasturtii
</emphasis>
Gistel (var. 
<emphasis box="[1144,1190,969,992]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alit.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Lin." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1197,1330,969,992]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betulae">
<emphasis box="[1197,1276,969,992]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">betulae</emphasis>
Lin.
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" box="[1341,1436,969,992]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phaedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1341,1436,969,992]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Phaedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
auct.)’. 
<bibRefCitation author="STRAND E." box="[907,1062,1001,1024]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="75 - 101" refId="ref17221" refString="STRAND E. 1917: Ubersicht der in Gistel's ' Achthundert und zwanzig neue oder unbeschriebene wirbellose Thiere' (1857) behandelten Insekten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A 82 [1916]: 75 - 101." type="journal article" year="1917">STRAND (1917)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[1220,1295,1001,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1220,1295,1001,1024]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a synonym of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" box="[857,952,1033,1056]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phaedon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[857,952,1033,1056]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Phaedon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was followed in all subsequent publications (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation author="MONROS F. &amp; BECHYNE J." box="[965,1244,1065,1088]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="1118 - 1137" refId="ref16314" refString="MONROS F. &amp; BECHYNE J. 1956: Uber einige verkannte Chrysomeliden-Namen. Entomologischen Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey 7: 1118 - 1137." type="journal article" year="1956">MONRÓS &amp; BECHYNÉ 1956</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="SEENO T. N. &amp; WILCOX J. A." pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="1 - 221" refId="ref16863" refString="SEENO T. N. &amp; WILCOX J. A. 1982: Leaf beetle genera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Entomography 1: 1 - 221." type="journal article" year="1982">SEENO &amp; WILCOX 1982</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="KIPPENBERG H." box="[894,1079,1097,1120]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="390 - 443" refId="ref15212" refString="KIPPENBERG H. 2010: Chrysomelinae. Pp. 390 - 443. In: LOBL I. &amp; SMETANA A. (eds): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 6. Chrysomeloidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 924 pp." type="book chapter" year="2010">KIPPENBERG 2010</bibRefCitation>
). 
<emphasis box="[1095,1267,1097,1121]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[1095,1171,1097,1120]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alitene</taxonomicName>
nasturtii
</emphasis>
was considered the 
<typeStatus box="[867,913,1129,1152]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[1032,1108,1129,1152]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1032,1108,1129,1152]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by monotypy.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,681,2112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
When verifying Gistelʼs publications I discovered that 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[828,904,1193,1216]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[828,904,1193,1216]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was already proposed in 1856 (
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[1240,1384,1193,1216]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="2" refId="ref14574" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1856 a: Die Mysterien der europaischen Insectenwelt. Ein geheimer Schlussel fur Sammler aller Insecten-Ordnungen und Stande, behufs des Fangs, des Aufenthalts-Orts, der Wohnung, Tag- und Jahreszeit u. s. w., oder autoptische Darstellung des Insectenstaats in seinem Zusammenhange zum Bestehen des Naturhaushaltes uberhaupt und insbesondere in seinem Einflusse auf die phanerogamische und cryptogamische Pflanzenbevolkerung Europa's. Zum ersten Male nach funfundzwanzigjahrigen eigenen Erfahrungen zusammengestellt und herausgegeben. Tobias Dannheimer, Kempten, xii + 530 + [2] pp." type="journal article" year="1856">GISTEL 1856a</bibRefCitation>
) and he included three available species names in it (see above). However, the 
<typeStatus box="[977,1023,1257,1280]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">type</typeStatus>
species has to be changed because the name ‘ 
<emphasis box="[901,991,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">nasturtii</emphasis>
’ is a nomen nudum in 
<bibRefCitation author="GISTEL J. N. F. X." box="[1232,1392,1289,1312]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="2" refId="ref14574" refString="GISTEL J. N. F. X. 1856 a: Die Mysterien der europaischen Insectenwelt. Ein geheimer Schlussel fur Sammler aller Insecten-Ordnungen und Stande, behufs des Fangs, des Aufenthalts-Orts, der Wohnung, Tag- und Jahreszeit u. s. w., oder autoptische Darstellung des Insectenstaats in seinem Zusammenhange zum Bestehen des Naturhaushaltes uberhaupt und insbesondere in seinem Einflusse auf die phanerogamische und cryptogamische Pflanzenbevolkerung Europa's. Zum ersten Male nach funfundzwanzigjahrigen eigenen Erfahrungen zusammengestellt und herausgegeben. Tobias Dannheimer, Kempten, xii + 530 + [2] pp." type="journal article" year="1856">GISTEL (1856a)</bibRefCitation>
and thus unavailable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,681,2112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
Although the name 
<taxonomicName authority="Latreille, 1802" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1070,1348,1353,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Prasocuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1070,1184,1354,1377]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Prasocuris</emphasis>
Latreille, 1802
</taxonomicName>
is older than 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[879,953,1385,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[879,953,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
I would like to avoid designating 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1310,1436,1385,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysomela</taxonomicName>
aucta
</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1787 as the 
<typeStatus box="[1115,1159,1417,1440]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[1269,1342,1417,1440]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1269,1342,1417,1440]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysomela</taxonomicName>
aucta
</emphasis>
is a synonym of 
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="C. G. Thomson" authorityYear="1859" box="[1103,1363,1449,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Prasocuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hydrothassa">
<emphasis box="[1103,1214,1450,1473]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Prasocuris</emphasis>
(
<emphasis box="[1226,1355,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Hydrothassa</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[1368,1436,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">glabra</emphasis>
(Herbst, 1783) and belongs to the subgenus 
<taxonomicName authority="C. G. Thomson, 1859" authorityName="C. G. Thomson" authorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Prasocuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hydrothassa">
<emphasis box="[1275,1407,1481,1504]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Hydrothassa</emphasis>
C. G. Thomson, 1859
</taxonomicName>
of 
<emphasis box="[1064,1178,1514,1537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Prasocuris</emphasis>
. If 
<emphasis box="[1218,1411,1513,1537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1218,1344,1513,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysomela</taxonomicName>
aucta
</emphasis>
is designated as 
<typeStatus box="[978,1023,1545,1568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">type</typeStatus>
species, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[1129,1203,1545,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1129,1203,1545,1568]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
will have the priority over the well-known 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. G. Thomson" authorityYear="1859" box="[1042,1173,1577,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Prasocuris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hydrothassa">
<emphasis box="[1042,1173,1577,1600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Hydrothassa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. I would also like to avoid designating 
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[952,1323,1609,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betulae">
<emphasis box="[952,1160,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Chrysomela betulae</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
as the 
<typeStatus box="[1391,1436,1609,1632]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">type</typeStatus>
species as it is a nomen dubium in the genus 
<taxonomicName authority="Motschulsky, 1860" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1860" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysolina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1320,1436,1641,1664]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Chrysolina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="MOTSCHULSKY V. DE" box="[828,1026,1673,1696]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="1854 - 1856" refId="ref16392" refString="MOTSCHULSKY V. DE 1860: Coleopteres rapportes de la Siberie orientale et notamment des pays situes sur le bords du fleuve Amour par MM. Schrenck, Maack, Ditmar, Voznessenski etc. In: Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande in den Jahren 1854 - 1856 im Auftrage der Kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg ausgefuhrt und in Verbindung mit mehreren Gelehrten herausgegeben von Dr. Leopold v. Schrenck. Band II. Zweite Lieferung. Coleopteren. Eggers &amp; Comp., St. Petersburg, pp. 77 - 257 + [1] + pls. VI-XI + 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1860">Motschulsky, 1860</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and its identity remains unclear.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[828,1437,681,2112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
Therefore, in order to preserve the stability, I designate 
<emphasis box="[828,1062,1737,1761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[828,957,1737,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Chrysomela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chrysomela</taxonomicName>
pyritosus
</emphasis>
Rossi, 1792 as the 
<typeStatus box="[1275,1321,1737,1760]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[828,904,1769,1792]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[828,904,1769,1792]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and apply Article 23.9 of 
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN" box="[1192,1334,1769,1792]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" refId="ref14912" refString="ICZN 1999: International code of zoological nomenclature. 4 th Edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
, considering 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[877,953,1801,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[877,953,1801,1824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a nomen oblitum and 
<emphasis box="[1191,1326,1801,1824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Neophaedon</emphasis>
Jacobson, 1901 a nomen protectum. To my knowledge, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1856" box="[1312,1388,1833,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alitene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1312,1388,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Alitene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not treated as a valid name after 1899; thus, the requirements of Article 23.9.1.1 are fulfilled. According to Article 23.9.1.2 I supply the references of 25 papers, published by at least 10 authors in the immediately preceding 50 years, and encompassing a span of not less than 10 years, where 
<emphasis box="[828,961,2025,2048]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="179">Neophaedon</emphasis>
Jacobson, 1901 is used as a valid genus name: 
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, 
<bibRefCitation author="DACCORDI M." box="[1007,1188,2057,2080]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="60 - 84" refId="ref13391" refString="DACCORDI M. 1994: Notes for phylogenetic study of Chrysomelinae, with descriptions of new taxa and a list of all the known genera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae). Pp. 60 - 84. In: FURTH D. G. (ed.): Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on the Chrysomelidae, Beijing, 1992. Backhuys, Leiden, 150 pp." type="book chapter" year="1994">DACCORDI (1994)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="ESSER J." box="[1197,1337,2057,2080]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="87 - 94" refId="ref13873" refString="ESSER J. 2013: Dritter Nachtrag zum Verzeichnis der Kafer (Coleoptera) Brandenburgs und Berlins. Markische Entomologische Nachrichten 15: 87 - 94." type="journal article" year="2013">ESSER (2013)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="FUCHS H. &amp; BUSSLER H." pageId="6" pageNumber="179" pagination="29 - 33" refId="ref13976" refString="FUCHS H. &amp; BUSSLER H. 2014. 31. Bericht der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Bayerischer Koleopterologen (Coleoptera). Nachrichtenblatt der Bayerischen Entomologen 63: 29 - 33." type="journal article" year="2014">FUCHS &amp; BUSSLER (2014)</bibRefCitation>
, 
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, 
<bibRefCitation author="GEISER E." box="[1194,1346,2089,2112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" refId="ref14067" refString="GEISER E. 2001: Die Kafer des Landes Salzburg. Faunistische Bestandserfassung und tiergeographische Interpretation. Monographs on Coleoptera, Vol. 2. Zoologische-Botanische Gesellschaft in Osterreich und Wiener Coleopterologenverein, Wien, 706 pp." type="book" year="2001">GEISER (2001)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="JOLIVET P. &amp; HAWKESWOOD T. J." box="[1358,1436,2089,2112]" pageId="6" pageNumber="179" refId="ref15144" refString="JOLIVET P. &amp; HAWKESWOOD T. J. 1995: Host-plants of Chrysomelidae of the world. An essay about the relationships between the leaf-beetles and their food-plants. Backhuys, Leiden, 281 pp." type="book" year="1995">JOLIVET</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[151,760,190,405]" pageId="7" pageNumber="180">
&amp; HAWKESWOOD (1995), 
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, KÖHLER (2001), 
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, 
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, 2010), 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>