267 lines
29 KiB
XML
267 lines
29 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E462EC0EBDDB9094372C88FEA4336D14">A taxonomic review of the ant genus Megalomyrmex Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Central America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AD259406E7B26948D45C029EA342E7A4">Longino, John T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5F34D28AB1BAB633A4F6DEB23CEBC981">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="8DB8AE1E2ADD9E9438AB58B9D166E84D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199864</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="934F87DB39624E79ACD7800C2E3DFC78" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6204427" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119407587" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6204427" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:934F87DB39624E79ACD7800C2E3DFC78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/934F87DB39624E79ACD7800C2E3DFC78" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="53FC654639624E78ACD7800C2B1EFBC3" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1B5936CD39624E78ACD7800C2825FBA0" blockId="20.[151,602,1051,1111]" box="[151,602,1051,1076]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="401181A139624E78ACD7800C2825FBA0" bold="true" box="[151,602,1051,1076]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78ACD7800C2825FBA0" ID-CoL="6R83Z" authority="Wheeler" authorityName="Wheeler" box="[151,602,1051,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="symmetochus">
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<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78ACD7800C2825FBA0" bold="true" box="[151,602,1051,1076]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78ACD7800C2B91FBA0" bold="true" box="[151,494,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Megalomyrmex symmetochus</emphasis>
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Wheeler
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1B5936CD39624E78ACD780282B1EFBC3" blockId="20.[151,602,1051,1111]" box="[151,353,1087,1111]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
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(
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<figureCitation id="83DD2A4839624E78ACDF80282A9DFBC3" box="[159,226,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1008,1029]" captionTargetBox="[290,1312,156,996]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[279,1319,149,1000]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Variation in mandibular dentition among (A) foreli, (B) symmetochus, (C) drifti, (D) incisus, (E) mondaboroides, and (F) silvestrii." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199865/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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B, 3A, 3C)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="53FC654639624E78ACD7809F2E2EFB4F" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1B5936CD39624E78ACD7809F2E2EFB4F" blockId="20.[151,1437,1160,1243]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="3BF611E339624E78ACD7809F2E2EFB4F" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78ACD7809F28A9FB0A" ID-CoL="6R83Z" authority="Wheeler, W.M. 1925: 168" authorityName="Wheeler, W.M." authorityPageNumber="168" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,726,1160,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="symmetochus">
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<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78ACD7809F2BBCFB0A" box="[151,451,1160,1182]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Megalomyrmex symmetochus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="9A4710DC39624E78AD8A809F28A9FB0A" author="Wheeler" box="[458,726,1160,1182]" page="168" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" year="1925">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78AD8A809F28DCFB0A" author="Wheeler" box="[458,675,1160,1182]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Wheeler, W. M. (1925) A new guest-ant and other new Formicidae from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole), 49, 150 - 181." type="journal article" year="1925">Wheeler, W.M. 1925</bibRefCitation>
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: 168
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 5.
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<typeStatus id="C45D886F39624E78AF67809E29F3FB0A" box="[807,908,1161,1182]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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worker (designated by
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<treatmentCitation id="9A4710DC39624E78A8C0809F2F30FB0A" author="Brandao" box="[1152,1359,1160,1182]" page="445" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" year="1990">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78A8C0809F2F64FB09" author="Brandao" box="[1152,1307,1160,1182]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Brandao, C. R. F. (1990) Systematic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Megalomyrmex Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the description of thirteen new species. Arquivos de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, 31, 411 - 481." type="journal article" year="1990">Brandão, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 445
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</treatmentCitation>
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): Barro Colorado Island,
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<collectingCountry id="63F1765D39624E78AD3A80B02BB2FB28" box="[378,461,1191,1212]" name="Panama" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Panama</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="6F58100D39624E78AD9980B12840FB28" box="[473,575,1190,1212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" value="1924-07">July 1924</date>
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(Wheeler) [MCZ] (not examined).
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<treatmentCitation id="9A4710DC39624E78AFF180B12E09FB28" author="Wheeler" box="[945,1142,1190,1212]" page="168" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" year="1925">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78AFF180B12E3DFB28" author="Wheeler" box="[945,1090,1190,1212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Wheeler, W. M. (1925) A new guest-ant and other new Formicidae from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole), 49, 150 - 181." type="journal article" year="1925">Wheeler,1925</bibRefCitation>
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: 168
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</treatmentCitation>
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, description of queen, male.
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<treatmentCitation id="9A4710DC39624E78AC8780D2283BFB4F" author="Wheeler" box="[199,580,1221,1243]" page="126" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" year="1955">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78AC8780D2286CFB4F" author="Wheeler" box="[199,531,1221,1243]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. (1955) The ant larvae of the myrmicine tribe Solenopsidini. American Midland Naturalist, 54, 119 - 141." type="journal article" year="1955">Wheeler, G. & Wheeler, J., 1955</bibRefCitation>
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: 126
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</treatmentCitation>
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, description of larva. See also:
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<treatmentCitation id="9A4710DC39624E78AFC180D22E32FB4F" author="Brandao" box="[897,1101,1221,1243]" page="445" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" year="1990">
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<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78AFC180D22E65FB4F" author="Brandao" box="[897,1050,1221,1243]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Brandao, C. R. F. (1990) Systematic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Megalomyrmex Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the description of thirteen new species. Arquivos de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, 31, 411 - 481." type="journal article" year="1990">Brandão, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 445
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="53FC654639624E78ACD7811E28D5FAF3" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B5936CD39624E78ACD7811E297CFAD0" blockId="20.[151,1437,1287,2032]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
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||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78ACD7811E2B46FAB4" box="[151,313,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Measurements</emphasis>
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. Worker: HW 0.60–0.84, HL 0.75–0.89, SL 0.72–0.82, EL 0.21–0.25, ML 1.03–1.31, CI 88–95, SI 90–93 (n=30, from
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<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78AD32813B2865FAD0" author="Brandao" box="[370,538,1324,1348]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Brandao, C. R. F. (1990) Systematic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Megalomyrmex Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the description of thirteen new species. Arquivos de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, 31, 411 - 481." type="journal article" year="1990">Brandão, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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; n=5, current study).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="1B5936CD39624E78AC87815828D5FAF3" blockId="20.[151,1437,1287,2032]" box="[199,682,1359,1384]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
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||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AC8781582BDAFAFC" bold="true" box="[199,421,1359,1384]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Geographic range.</emphasis>
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||
<collectingCountry id="63F1765D39624E78ADEC81582859FAF3" box="[428,550,1359,1383]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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||
to
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<collectingCountry id="63F1765D39624E78AE0A814728D9FAF3" box="[586,678,1360,1383]" name="Panama" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Panama</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="53FC654639624E79AC8781642F01FCC8" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph id="1B5936CD39624E78AC8781642960F9F0" blockId="20.[151,1437,1287,2032]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AC8781642B58FA18" bold="true" box="[199,295,1395,1420]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Biology.</emphasis>
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This species appears to be a specialized associate of small
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<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78AFAA81632E54FA18" box="[1002,1067,1396,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Attini">Attini</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78A87D81632E9BFA18" author="Wheeler" box="[1085,1252,1396,1420]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Wheeler, W. M. (1925) A new guest-ant and other new Formicidae from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole), 49, 150 - 181." type="journal article" year="1925">Wheeler 1925</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78A8B381632FE7FA18" author="Brandao" box="[1267,1432,1396,1420]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Brandao, C. R. F. (1990) Systematic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Megalomyrmex Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the description of thirteen new species. Arquivos de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, 31, 411 - 481." type="journal article" year="1990">Brandão 1990</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78ACD781802B07FA3B" author="Adams" box="[151,376,1431,1456]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Adams, R. M. M., Mueller, U. G., Schultz, T. R. & Norden, B. (2000) Agro-predation: usurpation of attine fungus gardens by Megalomyrmex ants. Naturwissenschaften. 87, 549 - 554." type="journal article" year="2000">
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Adams
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<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78ACB3818E2B4FFA24" box="[243,304,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
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2000
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</bibRefCitation>
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), a habit shared with other species of
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<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78AF09818F2988FA24" box="[841,1015,1432,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AF09818F2988FA24" box="[841,1015,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Megalomyrmex</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
such as
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<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78A827818E2EB4FA24" box="[1127,1227,1433,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wettereri">
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<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78A827818E2EB4FA24" box="[1127,1227,1433,1456]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">wettereri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78A89F818F2F1FFA24" box="[1247,1376,1432,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mondabora">
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<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78A89F818F2F1FFA24" box="[1247,1376,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">mondabora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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||
<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78ACD781AB2A84FA40" box="[151,251,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adamsae">
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||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78ACD781AB2A84FA40" box="[151,251,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">adamsae</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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. As defined here,
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<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78AD8681AA28FEFA40" box="[454,641,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="symmetochus">
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||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AD8681AA28FEFA40" box="[454,641,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">M. symmetochus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
specializes on
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<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78AF6B81AA2F2BFA40" authority="Wheeler. Wheeler (1925)" authorityName="Wheeler. Wheeler" authorityYear="1925" box="[811,1364,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AF6B81AA2E4DFA40" box="[811,1074,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Sericomyrmex amabilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78A87981AB2F2BFA40" box="[1081,1364,1468,1492]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Wheeler, W. M. (1925) A new guest-ant and other new Formicidae from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole), 49, 150 - 181." type="journal article">Wheeler. Wheeler (1925)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found numerous colonies nesting with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78AE5581F728CAFA63" box="[533,693,1504,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AE5581F728CAFA63" box="[533,693,1504,1527]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Sericomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
on Barro Colorado Island,
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<collectingCountry id="63F1765D39624E78A84181F62E22FA6C" box="[1025,1117,1505,1528]" name="Panama" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Panama</collectingCountry>
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. He observed a number of colonies in the lab, and made the following observations (in Wheeler's account
|
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<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78A86482122E9FF988" box="[1060,1248,1540,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="symmetochus">
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||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78A86482122E9FF988" box="[1060,1248,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">M. symmetochus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is referred to as
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78ACD7823F2B52F9D4" box="[151,301,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Cepobroticus</emphasis>
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||
Wheeler, a subgenus erected by Wheeler to contain the single species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78A8D4823E2F2AF9D4" box="[1172,1365,1576,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="symmetochus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78A8D4823E2F2AF9D4" box="[1172,1365,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">M. symmetochus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, later synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78AD2C825B2865F9F0" box="[364,538,1612,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Megalomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AD2C825B2865F9F0" box="[364,538,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Megalomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F774B3C39624E78AE04825B296DF9F0" author="Ettershank" box="[580,786,1612,1636]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" refString="Ettershank, G. (1966) A generic revision of the world Myrmicinae related to Solenopsis and Pheidologeton (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 14, 73 - 171." type="journal article" year="1966">Ettershank [1966]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B5936CD39624E78ACB582782B62F833" blockId="20.[151,1437,1287,2032]" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
|
||
“The colonies of the
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78ADA182672808F91C" box="[481,631,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Cepobroticus</emphasis>
|
||
so frequently found living with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78AFA282672E94F91C" box="[994,1259,1648,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AFA282672E94F91C" box="[994,1259,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Sericomyrmex amabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were decidedly less populous than those of their host. The largest comprised less than 75 individuals, and often the number did not exceed 40 or 50. In every nest a dealated mother queen was present. She usually took up her station, surrounded by a group of her workers, in one of the crypts of the fungus garden a short distance - half to three quarters of an inch - from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39624E78AE58831728C7F883" box="[536,696,1792,1815]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AE58831728C7F883" box="[536,696,1792,1815]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Sericomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
queen. The guest ants kept their brood in small clusters scattered through the garden and each cluster was cared for by a few workers. Although the ants and their brood were thus intermingled, the workers of each species lavished their attention exclusively on their own eggs, larvae and pupae and were never seen even to transport the progeny of the other species from one part of the garden to another.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B5936CD39624E79ACB583A32F4CFE13" blockId="20.[151,1437,1287,2032]" lastBlockId="21.[195,1437,151,679]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">
|
||
The workers and queens of
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39624E78AE7783A328B2F858" box="[567,717,1972,1996]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="55">Cepobroticus</emphasis>
|
||
are rather alert and move about more rapidly than their hosts. They devote so much time to licking and fondling one another that the observer is somewhat astonished to find them paying little or no attention to the fungus-growers. As a rule the two species are indifferent to one another. One may watch them for hours without observing anything more than rather distant, mutual antennal salutations. On rare occasions a worker
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39634E79AEC084F72969FF6C" box="[640,790,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Cepobroticus</emphasis>
|
||
may be seen licking the gaster of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39634E79A8E684F72F39FF63" box="[1190,1350,224,247]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39634E79A8E684F72F39FF63" box="[1190,1350,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Sericomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
worker or of the sluggish queen. More frequently one of the host workers may be observed in the act of lavishing similar but more elaborate attentions on a
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39634E79AEE2853F2947FED4" box="[674,824,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Cepobroticus</emphasis>
|
||
worker. The fungus-grower begins by licking the feet or tarsi, the tibiae and femora, then the thorax or abdomen and finally the head and even the mandibles of the guest. During this operation the latter remains motionless and inclines its body somewhat to one side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B5936CD39634E79ACB585832BD8FD33" blockId="21.[195,1437,151,679]" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39634E79AD6885822BB7FE38" box="[296,456,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39634E79AD6885822BB7FE38" box="[296,456,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Sericomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
never feed their guests by regurgitation. This is not surprising because they never feed one another thus, but resort individually to the growing fungus bromatia. When hungry the
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39634E79A94685AF2FE3FE44" box="[1286,1436,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Cepobroticus</emphasis>
|
||
workers and queen also crop the fungus mycelium, but they do this rather roughly, using their mandibles and even shaking or disturbing the substratum. The guests very rarely transport or rearrange the particles of the substratum or take the slightest interest in the garden, except as a source of nourishment. Only on one occasion did I see a
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39634E79AD7C865F2BADFDF4" box="[316,466,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Cepobroticus</emphasis>
|
||
carry a particle of the substratum to another spot, insert it and pat it down with her fore feet. When fresh fruit was introduced into the nest, it was much less frequently visited and eaten by the guests than by their hosts.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1B5936CD39634E79AC8786CF2F01FCC8" blockId="21.[151,1436,727,1004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Numerous collections from Pipeline Road and vicinity (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63F1765D39634E79AF0786C029DCFD7B" box="[839,931,727,751]" name="Panama" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
) by R. Adams and colleagues have all been from nests of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DCE64D4E39634E79AD7586EA2842FC80" box="[309,573,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Sericomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39634E79AD7586EA2842FC80" box="[309,573,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Sericomyrmex amabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. At La Selva Biological Station in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63F1765D39634E79AF8F86EB2E32FC80" box="[975,1101,764,788]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, alate queens and males have been collected at blacklights. Males and queens were common at the lab clearing blacklight on
|
||
<date id="6F58100D39634E79A8FF87082F39FCA3" box="[1215,1350,799,824]" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" value="1992-08-04">4 Aug 1992</date>
|
||
. A lone worker was obtained by Ronald Vargas, during general collection of ants from trail surfaces and low vegetation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="53FC654639634E79AC8787702E3DFC78" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="1B5936CD39634E79AC8787702E3DFC78" blockId="21.[151,1436,727,1004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="2992EADF39634E79AC8787702BCDFC14" bold="true" box="[199,434,871,896]" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63F1765D39634E79ADFA8770281CFCEB" box="[442,611,871,895]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Heredia: La Selva Biological Station,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ED2500A39634E79A85F87702E01FCEB" box="[1055,1150,871,895]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" precision="925" value="10.433333">10°26'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ED2500A39634E79A8CB87702E83FCEB" box="[1163,1276,871,895]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" precision="925" value="-84.01667">084°01'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="DC1E9B2839634E79A94987702F3AFCEB" box="[1289,1349,871,895]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6F58100D39634E79A91287702AB0FC30" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" value="1994-05-01">1 May 1994</date>
|
||
(J. Longino); Puntarenas:
|
||
<quantity id="DC1E9B2839634E79ADBC879B283BFC30" box="[508,580,908,932]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
|
||
SSW Pto. Jimenez,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ED2500A39634E79AF6C879B29CCFC30" box="[812,947,908,932]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" precision="15" value="8.407778">08°24'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ED2500A39634E79AFFF879B2E28FC30" box="[959,1111,908,932]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" precision="15" value="-83.32806">083°19'41"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="DC1E9B2839634E79A823879B2ED2FC30" box="[1123,1197,908,932]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="170.0">170 m</quantity>
|
||
, mature wet forest,
|
||
<date id="6F58100D39634E79A9CE879A2B7BFC53" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" value="2010-03-07">7 Mar 2010</date>
|
||
(J. Longino);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="63F1765D39634E79ADE287A72861FC5C" box="[418,542,944,968]" name="Panama" pageId="21" pageNumber="56">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Canal Zone: Pipeline Road,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ED2500A39634E79AF2287B82997FC53" box="[866,1000,943,967]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" precision="15" value="9.16">09°09'36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ED2500A39634E79AFB387B82EF3FC53" box="[1011,1164,943,967]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" precision="15" value="-79.744995">079°44'42"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="DC1E9B2839634E79A8D787B82EAEFC53" box="[1175,1233,943,967]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
|
||
, wet forest,
|
||
<date id="6F58100D39634E79A91987B82AB0FC78" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" value="2005-07-29">29 Jul 2005</date>
|
||
(R. Adams); Barro Colorado Island,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ED2500A39634E79AE3087C328B1FC78" box="[624,718,980,1004]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" precision="925" value="9.15">09°09'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7ED2500A39634E79AE9A87C32934FC78" box="[730,843,980,1004]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" precision="925" value="-79.85">079°51'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="DC1E9B2839634E79AF1687C329E0FC78" box="[854,927,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="6F58100D39634E79AFEB87C32E41FC78" box="[939,1086,980,1004]" pageId="21" pageNumber="56" value="2003-12-12">12 Dec 2003</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |