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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="5199" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324" ID-GBIF-Dataset="13b1e5f2-46c1-454c-9429-255ddcc39dd7" ID-PMC="PMC8352856" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1053-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="24C336C5EA905902A044FCF1B43767E9" ID-PubMed="34393555" ID-ZooBank="E67F6F86686D44AC910537FF58BC2183" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1053-1" checkinTime="1627926303636" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Martino, Emanuela Di &amp; Rosso, Antonietta" docDate="2021" docId="305647291C255456859F22FC3B5FDE44" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1053: 1-42" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1053" docPubDate="2021-08-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324" docTitle="Microporella appendiculata" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="24C336C5EA905902A044FCF1B43767E9" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="24C336C5EA905902A044FCF1B43767E9" masterDocTitle="Seek and ye shall find: new species and new records of Microporella (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the Mediterranean" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732748142944" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7E25D5333C040AA7CE287922E8ED6233">Seek and ye shall find: new species and new records of Microporella (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the Mediterranean</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4B8C26E3B3C7200C6A424A8D5395D6C9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A946100D1147A9FCC00CD5F75AE475DC">Martino, Emanuela Di</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BA66404609D3CD69705460C3A6BD18C5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3892-4036</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="80D4A70681F86FCB7DFD479AC090B996">Natural History Museum, University of Oslo - Blindern, P. O. Box 1172, Oslo 0318, Norway</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="49FE5791903D0484A1036989436B555E" type="email">e.d.martino@nhm.uio.no</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="33F41A03CF8F703521B0399080F6A7DA">Rosso, Antonietta</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D3CC5ECB3F6B9C1F932538E4AF01790F">Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Universita di Catania - Corso Italia 57, 95129, Catania, Italy &amp; CoNISMa - Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare - Piazzale Flaminio, 9, 00196, Roma, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="70C5E08FBA39441D3C31C64804F84731">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="303ECB2761634102F3B62D85E06D2F60">
<mods:date id="03B5D95A19333B8C945F62E736EA3021">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D8155BD89AD6BE0DB3F0C62DD1770792">2021-08-02</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="1B0D1B706B13F6FDACF368AEBE0BA5C4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0DF2A82BBFF1B216D26183A8E34E1A2D">1053</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7467DD69F26CD53E2E613A7F9CCAAB16">1</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="54728FA338275A5402BC274B9A7F2E61">
<mods:url id="51180B093F9E74248AA9FCA45CAE79FE">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="E55A231B94FA71C1B8F71A5E2D2F3F11">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A76E984CEF9FB8D68D13FD508D82FDC1" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0CAD7C08BB05E95F8A9852F5587B5E98" type="ZooBank">E67F6F86686D44AC910537FF58BC2183</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="305647291C255456859F22FC3B5FDE44" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183907178" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:305647291C255456859F22FC3B5FDE44" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/305647291C255456859F22FC3B5FDE44" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Gymnolaemata" scope_family="Microporellidae" scope_order="Cheilostomatida" scope_phylum="Bryozoa" scope_superFamily="Schizoporelloidea">
<subSubSection id="98011CCC5DF43D00E2AEB0665CD71D77" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="558A5308187D07549F553DF280BDC096" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="3500E691DE0706DB5F5C9A8DDA969E94" ID-CoL="43478" LSID="30564729-1C25-5456-859F-22FC3B5FDE44" authority="(Heller, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Heller" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella appendiculata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="appendiculata">Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="136145F8E90F8C826C4555FFF9F90CC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="A6C5A7F66B6BD2CF6FB559A1A5B7FED4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="56907D3679BB557DCBE19AC563B48760" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9258340258040B94DF8356FCD81E3A87" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F58F7DA79100E551DFEE801B76BFCF4C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E929C423187A7B8A09153DFD07AFCF1D" baseAuthorityName="Heller" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepralia appendiculata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="appendiculata">Lepralia appendiculata</taxonomicName>
Heller, 1867: 107, pl. 2, fig. 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1816EB78B61193D941DAB92679F1B8E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2883FB87F2705E5D5CE685A57C31D618" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella coronata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">Microporella coronata</taxonomicName>
?
<taxonomicName id="B0FC1A3547B23EC2346461126D2FCF8C" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella coronata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">Microporella coronata</taxonomicName>
(Audouin &amp; Savigny, 1826):
<bibRefCitation id="79AF03C88119D9B1C83726507D0B4A7A" author="Gautier, YV" journalOrPublisher="Recueillis des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 435" refId="B29" refString="Gautier, YV, 1962. Recherches ecologiques sur les Bryozoaires Chilostomes en Mediterranee occidentale. Recueillis des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume 38: 1 - 435" title="Recherches ecologiques sur les Bryozoaires Chilostomes en Mediterranee occidentale." volume="38" year="1962">Gautier 1962</bibRefCitation>
: 173.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A18D3A23F24003738AE75D31D0A124B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="B854513B3D13E2BC9DB444D8C94AD720" baseAuthorityName="Audouin" baseAuthorityYear="1826" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella coronata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">Microporella coronata</taxonomicName>
(Audouin &amp; Savigny):
<bibRefCitation id="2F9A71C04B91B2F5F45B2174CEEFFDDD" author="Zabala, M" journalOrPublisher="Institut D'estudis Catalans Seccio de Ciencies" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 836" refId="B72" refString="Zabala, M, 1986. Fauna dels bryozous dels Paisos Catalans. Barcelona. Institut D'estudis Catalans Seccio de Ciencies 84: 1 - 836" title="Fauna dels bryozous dels Paisos Catalans. Barcelona." volume="84" year="1986">Zabala 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 513, fig. 180.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5F45F180BEDBE2DCAAF6444C4F369689" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="0592CFDB883C86FE754772113672B125" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella marsupiata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="marsupiata">Microporella marsupiata</taxonomicName>
(Busk, 1860):
<bibRefCitation id="CF0CB4AB79D8F953B3573142D64AFCEF" author="Zabala, M" journalOrPublisher="Institut D'estudis Catalans Seccio de Ciencies" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 836" refId="B72" refString="Zabala, M, 1986. Fauna dels bryozous dels Paisos Catalans. Barcelona. Institut D'estudis Catalans Seccio de Ciencies 84: 1 - 836" title="Fauna dels bryozous dels Paisos Catalans. Barcelona." volume="84" year="1986">Zabala 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 514, fig. 181, pl. 15D.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8EA13D5DDDDD43F7563BE4DF0658843B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="272219267241A6C89F580D6A6C0DDBD2" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella pseudomarsupiata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pseudomarsupiata">Microporella pseudomarsupiata</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="18A60E9FA940D390BA774CC7F65D58F3" originalValue="Arístegui">Aristegui</normalizedToken>
, 1984: 325, pl. 24, fig. 6;
<bibRefCitation id="758E40F38157A80B022340C7C011EB33" author="Zabala, M" journalOrPublisher="Treballs del Museu de Zoologia, Barcelona" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 294" refId="B73" refString="Zabala, M, Maluquer, P, 1988. Illustrated keys for the classification of Mediterranean Bryozoa. Treballs del Museu de Zoologia, Barcelona 4: 1 - 294" title="Illustrated keys for the classification of Mediterranean Bryozoa." volume="4" year="1988">Zabala and Maluquer 1988</bibRefCitation>
: 141, fig. 335, pl. 19C;
<bibRefCitation id="EB620FD2AFDB6EE0530C44A10C61106E" author="Di Geronimo, I" journalOrPublisher="Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B18" refString="Di Geronimo, I, La Perna, R, Rosso, A, Sanfilippo, R, 1993a. Popolamento e tanatocenosi bentonica della Grotta dell'Accademia (Ustica, Mar Tirreno meridionale), Naturalista Siciliano (Serie 4) 17(1-2): 45-63." title="Popolamento e tanatocenosi bentonica della Grotta dell'Accademia (Ustica, Mar Tirreno meridionale), Naturalista Siciliano (Serie 4) 17 (1 - 2): 45 - 63." year="1993 a">Di Geronimo et al. 1993a</bibRefCitation>
: table 1;
<bibRefCitation id="B04147AE94542C2866FAD72E2D1711F4" author="Di Geronimo, I" journalOrPublisher="Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="15 - 28" refId="B16" refString="Di Geronimo, I, Allegri, L, Improta, S, La Perna, R, Rosso, A, Sanfilippo, R, 1997. Spatial and temporal aspects of Recent benthic thanatocoenoses in a Mediterranean Infralittoral cave. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 103 (1): 15 - 28" title="Spatial and temporal aspects of Recent benthic thanatocoenoses in a Mediterranean Infralittoral cave." volume="103" year="1997">Di Geronimo et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
: table 2;
<bibRefCitation id="29F8441DBB04F172097DCA24A2B199B9" author="Chimenz, C" journalOrPublisher="B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="37 - 47" refId="B11" refString="Chimenz, C, Faraglia, E, 1995. Some faunistic and ecological observations on the Bryozoa Gymnolaelata assemblages from the coast of Puglia (Italy). Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Memorie, ser. B 102: 37 - 47" title="Some faunistic and ecological observations on the Bryozoa Gymnolaelata assemblages from the coast of Puglia (Italy). Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Memorie, ser." volume="102" year="1995">Chimenz and Faraglia 1995</bibRefCitation>
: 40, table 1, pl. 2C;
<bibRefCitation id="760E1D5E82CEEF439518FF5FD67D226F" author="Rosso, A" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B55" refString="Rosso, A, 1996a. Popolamenti e tanatocenosi a Briozoi di fondi mobili circalitorali del Golfo di Noto (Sicilia SE). Naturalista Siciliano (Serie 4) 20(3-4): 189-225." title="Popolamenti e tanatocenosi a Briozoi di fondi mobili circalitorali del Golfo di Noto (Sicilia SE). Naturalista Siciliano (Serie 4) 20 (3 - 4): 189 - 225." year="1996 a">Rosso 1996a</bibRefCitation>
: table 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B991CA4F926B8EA6C2CF33D4C545D5DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="643C83FCF2E7A221AF6774D382D5571A" baseAuthorityName="Heller" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella appendiculata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="appendiculata">Microporella appendiculata</taxonomicName>
(Heller):
<bibRefCitation id="D1F7C1B1B9FAC0C4724799C676B17639" author="Hayward, PJ" journalOrPublisher="), Academic Press for the Linnaean Society, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B38" refString="Hayward, PJ, Ryland, JS, 1999. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 2. Hippothoidea - Celleporoidea. Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds) Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury 14: 1-416." title="Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 2. Hippothoidea - Celleporoidea. Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds) Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury 14: 1 - 416." year="1999">Hayward and Ryland 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 294, figs 134A, B, 135 (cum syn.);
<bibRefCitation id="E8090C6393FDD4C11F1A84A35BB34A5C" author="Chimenz Gusso, C" journalOrPublisher="B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B12" refString="Chimenz Gusso, C, Nicoletti, L, Bondanese, C, 2014. Briozoi. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 20 (Suppl. 1): 1-336." title="Briozoi. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 20 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 336." year="2014">Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 187, fig. 100a-e.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9CB56ACC7B8320456C1F909673B61F13" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="95450445549A347CDD5ED6777CACCD27" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Examined material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="92CB2031DB4D5121373891FC55395F34" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="48A70725DDB9884CB11D0BA1903A8873" collectingDate="1981-07" collectingDateMax="2000-07-16" collectingDateMin="1981-07" collectorName="Ionian Sea, E, A. Rosso, I. Di Geronimo, DC Biocoenoses, Noto, E. Mollica, Rosso-collection I. H. B" country="Italy" elevation="90" latitude="36.963333" location="Ciclopi" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="15.333333" municipality="Ciclopi Island" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sicily">
<collectingCountry id="FC7C6F79235449B1DE1399B11969D213" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
• 2 living colonies;
<collectorName id="071ED38C7C6C2933F0BADD34D80DCACE">Ionian Sea, E</collectorName>
<collectingRegion id="485D579C5A84206CA7CFA25B8B224F94" country="Italy" name="Sicilia">Sicily</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="9D982028E77AAF165AA63921A758B38D">Ciclopi Island</collectingMunicipality>
MPA; samples
<location id="F14B6FF1234629B287872A70CF8A1EF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:305647291C255456859F22FC3B5FDE44:F14B6FF1234629B287872A70CF8A1EF6" country="Italy" latitude="36.963333" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="15.333333" municipality="Ciclopi Island" name="Ciclopi" stateProvince="Sicily">Ciclopi</location>
2000 4E and 14G; 37°32'2 8&quot;-
<geoCoordinate id="B0DCC025643BFB73FCAA2173A8DD50EC" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="37.575">37°34'30&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 15°8'59&quot;-
<geoCoordinate id="1231946DDF23C70F09DD5730C935AA1E" degrees="15" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="1" value="15.183611">15°11'1&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 52 and
<quantity id="EC28EEC1EFE53775B6BE697570652509" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="90.0">
<elevation id="1CD5FD0EB72739C21E0CDAFA3AF327D0" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate id="74864D8BB1C985472B755CFB48B1C509" value="2000-07-16">16 Jul. 2000</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="3B47FE4EA4A043D288C8DD7F90D8BBC0">A. Rosso</collectorName>
leg.; dredging; DC and DL Biocoenoses; PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B.84a.
<collectingCountry id="6FB3D0AEE5CBEBEAACB22D18CAF25350" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
• 27 living and 10 dead colonies/fragments; Ionian Sea, SE
<collectingRegion id="3EDEC48613419E0C5F6CFB4526E6EA8C" country="Italy" name="Sicilia">Sicily</collectingRegion>
, Gulf of Noto; 36°41'45&quot;-
<geoCoordinate id="4259953CB72C0BE944278A7C9B379EEF" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="36.963333">36°57'48&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 15°8'35&quot;-
<geoCoordinate id="A21D3737848AAE1061981F4D25545B90" degrees="15" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="0" value="15.333333">15°20'0&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; PS/81 cruise; samples CR1, 9B and 10C; 45, 44 and
<quantity id="F03DF76FAED1BC29A06EB9B15FFBEEF8" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">
<elevation id="0B94BD297C24F80EE747E107514B34E1" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate id="01697D0843DD868E29CD4D6CABA771A2" value="1981-07">Jul. 1981</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="0D915C5CFAACDA162BD22B6C258EEC76">I. Di Geronimo</collectorName>
leg.; dredging;
<collectorName id="50C82C42B4984FA468B0D993A2693585">DC Biocoenoses</collectorName>
; and 3 living colonies;
<collectorName id="1B4D6DFD2A766818D3DE78D4514626CA">Noto</collectorName>
1996 cruise; samples 6C and 9E;
<quantity id="40E1728FFAC0FF9CC614DB4A02549C26" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" unit="m" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">
<elevation id="85C377E623C2111E911456382529FBE2" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" unit="m" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45-50 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 1996;
<collectorName id="DC215A0A817D3E6F828677C6C001D3DA">E. Mollica</collectorName>
leg.; dredging; VTC and
<collectorName id="A84FD872B0B673808CFF51D0FFD998C1">DC Biocoenoses</collectorName>
; PMC
<collectorName id="EE7043A1EA9B54C8373F10BC481BE6E7">Rosso-collection I. H. B</collectorName>
84c
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="53B9AAE67EF53E588FDC13D93E185866" collectingDate="2009-06" collectorName="Iberian-Provencal Basin, NW, V. Di Martino, Rosso-Collection I. H. B." country="Italy" county="Capo Caccia-Punta Giglio" elevation="8" latitude="40.594444" location="Bisbe" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="8.194167" municipality="Bisbe" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sardinia">
<collectingCountry id="8E2F2DFB80967A14CED36C0266D06350" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
• 5 living colonies;
<collectorName id="78A16E137E0BD140F00B5FA4E5DCCA59">
<normalizedToken id="87A29021EEC53AEDD34EC7BF762378BF" originalValue="Iberian-Provençal">Iberian-Provencal</normalizedToken>
Basin, NW
</collectorName>
<collectingRegion id="F71DE9292374F0100AAC257C1E8A5549" country="Italy" name="Sardegna">Sardinia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="5F661E4A261FC7AE7F0751F00DD0C754">Capo Caccia-Punta Giglio</collectingCounty>
MPA; samples
<collectingMunicipality id="5A35EEED103920091EF7351EB5294EC5">Bisbe</collectingMunicipality>
1,
<location id="A5473066F3F9D927C9CA0EFF4AC70425" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:305647291C255456859F22FC3B5FDE44:A5473066F3F9D927C9CA0EFF4AC70425" country="Italy" county="Capo Caccia-Punta Giglio" latitude="40.594444" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="8.194167" municipality="Bisbe" name="Bisbe" stateProvince="Sardinia">Bisbe</location>
2 and
<location id="25736FA80A6734D5FD10EBB675A72B34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:305647291C255456859F22FC3B5FDE44:25736FA80A6734D5FD10EBB675A72B34" country="Italy" county="Capo Caccia-Punta Giglio" latitude="40.594444" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="8.194167" municipality="Bisbe" name="Falco" stateProvince="Sardinia">Falco</location>
1;
<geoCoordinate id="C570208A8C27CA46972B7199EBCFCDD6" degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="40" value="40.594444">40°35'40&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="21AE9304061F49A1CAAC1DCA993CC2A0" degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="39" value="8.194167">8°11'39&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="1A8CFAD5F69B0CBCAF9983F95444C8BE" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">
<elevation id="DCF1BBB56623573DF601C9A4E6E6EBA7" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7-8 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate id="4D0ED0BEC75E78237884630D0A8C3CF2" value="2009-06">Jun. 2009</collectingDate>
;
<collectorName id="CF705293099D38DCED3F8118631C885D">V. Di Martino</collectorName>
leg.; submarine cave; scuba diving; PMC
<collectorName id="6D72450AE8792D4F9036EE67006007E0">Rosso-Collection I. H. B.</collectorName>
84b
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="32981DF28575E4ABC0F00A60FEB2BA49" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Iberian-Provencal Basin" country="France" location="France" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="7EE35FE1860F7DA450AD0D14FF519CC9" name="France">France</collectingCountry>
• 11 dead colonies;
<collectorName id="85B82267AFCF2C3ED64A69B7D34459D6">
<normalizedToken id="050D345ECE4D92BF3D66C8BC85389D5A" originalValue="Iberian-Provençal">Iberian-Provencal</normalizedToken>
Basin
</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="FB75002CA2EFD18EEA23644917A53AFC" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="G. Fredj, Biocoenosis, Rosso-collection Fr. H. B" country="Corsica" elevation="110" latitude="42.791943" location="Calvi" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="9.136111" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="2C0E1ADCAD16A9946CA25EE76271020D" name="France">Corsica</collectingCountry>
, off
<normalizedToken id="63C8CE8C97F56E028D9E171C9CED1C10" originalValue="Calvì">
<location id="E3AD0FE8FC7B4EAE91774D81EEA7EC74" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:305647291C255456859F22FC3B5FDE44:E3AD0FE8FC7B4EAE91774D81EEA7EC74" country="Corsica" latitude="42.791943" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="9.136111" name="Calvi">Calvi</location>
</normalizedToken>
; sample CL 74;
<geoCoordinate id="06000D6AB144BE9D3A06EEC7E5906CDA" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="42.791943">42°47'31&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7619B53CF6F2128FCBA7FB6330A30EE7" degrees="9" direction="east" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="9.136111">9°8'10&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; 150-
<quantity id="7F8FC044E01C9689440470EAFD354015" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="110.0">
<elevation id="19AE15E736EDCD54BC549803B32CF83F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectorName id="E6DB147A631B599DF13CAF87720B26CC">G. Fredj</collectorName>
leg.; dredging; DL
<collectorName id="9409A55E092FF54B81282B0010AFA8FE">Biocoenosis</collectorName>
; PMC
<collectorName id="49227F9C5BEAADF6FA3E5820FA124825">Rosso-collection Fr. H. B</collectorName>
84d
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3C9F22F1CED618D509C58AB3E3A848E4" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="V. Gerovasileiou, Rosso-collection Gr. H. B" country="Greece" county="Sea" elevation="30" latitude="38.969166" location="Agios Vasilios cave" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="26.541111" municipality="Lesvos Island" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aegean">
<collectingCountry id="080700B726FE7777C448F0443C539889" name="Greece">Greece</collectingCountry>
• 1 dead colony; NE
<collectingRegion id="0F6B9FB176E708C554FA9B2ACC34A729" country="Greece" name="Voreio Aigaio">Aegean</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="0170BFCB320AE22853F5A934A8BECC5D">Sea</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="769F9BF125AF075336B513C886FA75D6">Lesvos Island</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="E5DC524A76EA2FDCCF81BEC52BFEC627" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:305647291C255456859F22FC3B5FDE44:E5DC524A76EA2FDCCF81BEC52BFEC627" country="Greece" county="Sea" latitude="38.969166" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="26.541111" municipality="Lesvos Island" name="Agios Vasilios cave" stateProvince="Aegean">Agios Vasilios cave</location>
; sample AV1;
<geoCoordinate id="E5996B334C494164132A1E962DAB5CDD" degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="9" value="38.969166">38°58'9&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="56B110BCD9D634CB0D10276DF090DABF" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="26.541111">26°32'28&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
; ca.
<quantity id="24D8A7162227B7A2629E0D772E6A46D5" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">
<elevation id="D1E6F0EBD80743D1D6B0E395656B993E" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="61EB377C73FFC3E7CCAFF1B46FC3050B">V. Gerovasileiou</collectorName>
leg.; submarine cave; scuba diving; PMC
<collectorName id="57E4A2B220DCEBB3E46A983A5BC98987">Rosso-collection Gr. H. B</collectorName>
84e
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B5FD1B0CF2E4B80E8DF897811110AA85" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="2F5C7A0E841CC590F94DB9BF77E863FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="B677BD24E623B714C0BA67C44F8B1833" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="443B9F6E8452C7821EE4FE1F5B1A5008" baseAuthorityName="Heller" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella appendiculata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
<emphasis id="207A78523480B02D3FB1F48C3C53CE15" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella appendiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Heller, 1867) from the
<normalizedToken id="4AA92634D2E9ADD0B07DB3CC4E64AF25" originalValue="Iberian-Provençal">Iberian-Provencal</normalizedToken>
Basin
<emphasis id="15D591036CE12DDEB942AF3BF174EAC0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
Bisbe cave
<emphasis id="C86507437C3FCEBB26D492F4D8554AE3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B.84b
<emphasis id="0D92C01E7343D782E2EFF00E3F667C27" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D, F, G</emphasis>
Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B.84a
<emphasis id="A74315025CDAD984FF933532B89D642F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles
<emphasis id="7BDB293D824DC888392802E02AFEC693" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice
<emphasis id="DB6E532B0FDA0D00EF3C92E113248D04" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids
<emphasis id="A3516F181AFF895DFCDCC53FB004E1EB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines
<emphasis id="EA63E6FA13E8376B1796EDFE031ADFAB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines
<emphasis id="03BCBC62A0C4EEE9736CE50F944306CA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid
<emphasis id="F0A86C503EF51ACA2949C853DAF0E5A1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200
<normalizedToken id="215417A3206887B3D901174943102280" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="CE2216B9CB539EE244BB559C077B5C57" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-D</emphasis>
); 500
<normalizedToken id="9040ADCEB4FE0CAFC2BEAA3667CED4E2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="6532EDF74003F3D76CF7C0FBA8CEB03B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
); 100
<normalizedToken id="CA04017D431DA4B7760CE0885781CA7E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="C8D294798B998BA1D48571D5539B31E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
); 30
<normalizedToken id="AF4F83E79F9CF68F0C5F9D8C1B411606" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="D751B94E627BE4FB7A021F8901DB917F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="885BF68150C6507DCBDD5CA45A551D50" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="2C02AE5320264E4D7006BDDE715A0E4B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="228766C7DA6597A647E47074DD04B732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Colony encrusting multiserial, unilaminar, forming subcircular patches; interzooidal communications typically via two proximolateral, two distolateral and three distal pore-chamber windows, 48-122 (71
<normalizedToken id="E24C3D1F3DCB0039EA054D483F752D7B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
25, N = 10)
<normalizedToken id="093D70FCDE21B86E81DB6DF50E815857" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
16-26
<normalizedToken id="D39C0F466FB56DC8FEBB1A987AC7C4DD" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(20
<normalizedToken id="D0034E6F31FD3CA01DBF8604E337FAA6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3, N = 10) along lateral walls.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1FBCED144EA85B8DC8104191289AE2C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Autozooids polygonal, 529-742 (644
<normalizedToken id="C4A8D214999660BF1B893BB066AB50BA" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
66, N = 14)
<normalizedToken id="0745C9055802DC61D62F6A40EBB4C5C6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
347-582 (458
<normalizedToken id="449980A52B9FEA3B2C9271A95BBC194B" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
66, N = 14)
<normalizedToken id="42E805CBCA4FF46933176D46D1814CC6" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(mean L/W = 1.41), distinct, the boundaries marked by narrow grooves between the slightly raised vertical walls (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C0375CE40488F28862B3CECFCBE9EDBD" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2D, E</figureCitation>
). Frontal shield flat to slightly convex, coarsely, densely and evenly granular; 5-8 marginal areolae only occasionally distinguishable from pseudopores; pseudopores circular to elliptical (6-16
<normalizedToken id="6E378D864E88568E0D307852A459C432" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in diameter), numbering 30-42 (fewer in periancestrular zooids), placed in the proximal half of the zooid (Fig.
<figureCitation id="11B00187F59C5128127BD60DCCBC31EF" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2E</figureCitation>
); area between orifice and ascopore imperforate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B343E9763B0BCDB20B7C612919B92771" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Primary orifice transversely D-shaped, 100-110 (105
<normalizedToken id="680D8A610BCB057F1A13F9944ACB1574" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
7, N = 2)
<normalizedToken id="6808851094B6533AAA955932085B3679" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
129-141
<normalizedToken id="F58D09A30A336A19A50C21FB3BA32223" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(135
<normalizedToken id="665F3CA58075C66E53A1B5A1EB173C57" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
8, N = 2) (mean OL/OW = 0.78; mean ZL/OL = 6.14); hinge-line straight or concave, smooth, without condyles and denticles. Five, occasionally six, articulated oral spines, 170-310
<normalizedToken id="98E5F5C063C1E9FB188869A9E006B5B0" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long (diameter of the base 25-42
<normalizedToken id="94658FD84C44C105EAEE190F38BBEFBE" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), the proximalmost pair bi- to trifurcated, the tips sometimes curved towards the centre of the orifice (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5D79EEC21A416143368CD84A7F4D39C1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A, B</figureCitation>
); joints brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F542E96B80E9693C62D7DBCFD07DAE8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Ascopore field an area of smooth, gymnocystal calcification, placed 50-80
<normalizedToken id="1491F8AA9D61B4D94EAFF4E6DBCB6AD0" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
below the orifice, transversely elliptical, 48-122
<normalizedToken id="890DEC6DA23C3412F00DA46F9FFE16A7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
61-110
<normalizedToken id="BCE3B3F1967D8CFF2C04936D4D57F7A1" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, narrow distally, more extensive proximally and developing a prominent, pointed mucro not concealing the ascopore; ascopore subcircular, 22-43
<normalizedToken id="2D062E4A2F7D52E394F8A3BDD523F228" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in diameter, with a dozen of radial spines (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C84ABA960DB711C408BF25247EAF2437" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2F, G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3452E23438A9FEB8104D93EF64CE1E50" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Avicularia paired, 72-170 (103
<normalizedToken id="104C6900C75F2AFEF2CF556740293680" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
29, N = 37)
<normalizedToken id="36998C4540C3CA9254BADEB4DB4C3745" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
46-103 (67
<normalizedToken id="30106ABE172323588A3F9C0E1C3F4D1F" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
13, N = 37)
<normalizedToken id="A08196D3D4F93814C047B59E91292A8F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(mean AvL/AvW = 1.53), located distolaterally, the complete crossbar at the same level of the orifice hinge-line (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C6805A920AD37C604CC4FB68FB5DCEDB" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2D, E</figureCitation>
); rostrum short, arched or truncated distally and open-ended, distally directed. Mandible brown, 387-659
<normalizedToken id="3E7D7994563FD7380E3ED6F7EF470AE0" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long, setiform, typically curved, lying on the distal zooid (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D2C487D41AD67DA3461239D5845ACADD" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9EBC2367308BF1B27838A271FEFFA181" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Ovicell subglobular and semi-immersed, 143-235 (195
<normalizedToken id="C0B389A5D2F285D3768D5B4EFDF51783" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
29, N = 15)
<normalizedToken id="E78B6AD3AAA039293CF95EF7ACAAD77D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
262-378 (329
<normalizedToken id="E41C71204F2D19C27CB3BD3B1BCA9CA8" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
38, N = 15)
<normalizedToken id="98F3BC857A576ECB971C1FB4C166CAE3" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(mean OvL/OvW = 0.59), non-personate, not obscuring the proximal part of the orifice, closed by the operculum during brooding (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7ECF2DD90798875767EFC83CDCC85D0E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2A, C, D</figureCitation>
), in the same colony either kenozooidal (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AF5C1BB325EBC852CB0A46778252CD43" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2C, D</figureCitation>
black arrows) or produced by the distal autozooid (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4727A437A051938A8A6B39CF97E81AEE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2D</figureCitation>
white arrow); surface finely granular, imperforate; a proximal rim of gymnocystal calcification occupying about one-third of the ooecium length, forming a raised visor-like rim; proximalmost pair of spines (branched) visible in ovicellate zooids.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B7AD32BF4A960EE9295BB7B0EE68CCB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Ancestrula tatiform (Fig.
<figureCitation id="51914106D66266483F1AD5C78A3A9602" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2E</figureCitation>
), oval (424
<normalizedToken id="944FE4B90EACFD016B93EAC21C44857A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
324
<normalizedToken id="2EBAF69DA1E2989E47C500D498C3C761" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), gymnocyst more extensive proximally than laterally, about 150
<normalizedToken id="EC30573FB3E565F727610C8664822B12" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide; opesia pyriform (270
<normalizedToken id="1934FA8902FC48BA29233FD8EED6AF15" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
180
<normalizedToken id="A08A3DFD42C64DFF168D3CFEBD709497" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), surrounded by a smooth, flared cryptocyst with the undulate marginal rim indented by ten gymnocystal spines (six distal, two median, three proximal). Ancestrula budding two distolateral autozooids, often regenerated as a small autozooid lacking avicularia (Fig.
<figureCitation id="64539F2FE74BA86CAC7817D989AE3ED7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="98671826DBED4075632E24AD50C9B852" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="B4295DBD77DAA10B9E13578103667406" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5412A1C623C073D4E531DE48DB5B6936" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Originally described from the Adriatic by
<bibRefCitation id="DF931FCD9C2EBB8FD5C178CDABC948ED" author="Heller, C" journalOrPublisher="Verhandlungen der zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="77 - 136" refId="B39" refString="Heller, C, 1867. Die Bryozoen des adriatischen Meeres. Verhandlungen der zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 17: 77 - 136" title="Die Bryozoen des adriatischen Meeres." volume="17" year="1867">Heller (1867)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="E2485C08FCD30969EAC9C40144A2A567" baseAuthorityName="Heller" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella appendiculata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
<emphasis id="F57650CF5D45438DB6F961A21FF142ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella appendiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has often been recorded as
<taxonomicName id="D4DC4D64EDF74C6434F30A32823A55B7" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella marsupiata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="marsupiata">
<emphasis id="04AB2E2106795E96EAC0E5644CC3170F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella marsupiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Busk, 1860 or as
<taxonomicName id="7F1AD1FAC50D3D8BF43E2D8D1CA257A9" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. pseudomarsupiata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pseudomarsupiata">
<emphasis id="EF271AE9DEA88FDEF9DF6A733526F482" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. pseudomarsupiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="4172A22EB912719F7AD42B920DD60D95" originalValue="Arístegui">Aristegui</normalizedToken>
, 1984 (see
<bibRefCitation id="6944DDF8A9662D305B1EF255A2A596A0" author="Hayward, PJ" journalOrPublisher="), Academic Press for the Linnaean Society, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B38" refString="Hayward, PJ, Ryland, JS, 1999. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 2. Hippothoidea - Celleporoidea. Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds) Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury 14: 1-416." title="Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 2. Hippothoidea - Celleporoidea. Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds) Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury 14: 1 - 416." year="1999">Hayward and Ryland 1999</bibRefCitation>
and references therein;
<bibRefCitation id="C40FBE2757F998CC180BD34C437FE42A" author="Rosso, A" editor="Relini, G" journalOrPublisher="Biologia Marina Mediterranea 17 (Suppl.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="589 - 615" refId="B58" refString="Rosso, A, Chimenz Gusso, C, Balduzzi, A, 2010. Bryozoa. In: Relini, G, Ed., Checklist della flora e della fauna dei mari italiani (parte II). Biologia Marina Mediterranea 17(Suppl.): 589 - 615" title="Bryozoa." volumeTitle="Checklist della flora e della fauna dei mari italiani (parte II)." year="2010">Rosso et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C69156A89A2A150D6E146513F4760FDC" author="Chimenz Gusso, C" journalOrPublisher="B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B12" refString="Chimenz Gusso, C, Nicoletti, L, Bondanese, C, 2014. Briozoi. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 20 (Suppl. 1): 1-336." title="Briozoi. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 20 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 336." year="2014">Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). With the exception of
<bibRefCitation id="3A918B42B6A1384A16EBE1664B40F50F" author="Hayward, PJ" journalOrPublisher="), Academic Press for the Linnaean Society, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B38" refString="Hayward, PJ, Ryland, JS, 1999. Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 2. Hippothoidea - Celleporoidea. Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds) Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury 14: 1-416." title="Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Part 2. Hippothoidea - Celleporoidea. Barnes RSK, Crothers JH (Eds) Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury 14: 1 - 416." year="1999">Hayward and Ryland (1999)</bibRefCitation>
and recent online material such as the catalogue of the Museu de
<normalizedToken id="A19A8FC6E8C3FB8A0CD0D31C756CD06E" originalValue="Ciènces">Ciences</normalizedToken>
Natural de Barcelona (https://zoologiaenlinia.museuciencies.cat/detall/zoologia_general/N1064271/) and the website of the program DORIS (https://doris.ffessm.fr/Especes/Microporella-pseudomarsupiata-Microporelle-ciliee-noire-1695), a comprehensive description and illustration of this species is absent in the literature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="37FCA444C33B5FC932BC0FDDB485BD5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="28444805BBADDD75F8B175897519F385" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1909" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella flabelligera" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="flabelligera">
<emphasis id="7F4C86DC0A774AA9B0C1D2EC48FDF3B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella flabelligera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Levinsen, 1909 described from the vicinity of Siracusa, at depths (28-46 m) comparable to those of the PS/81 sites in the Gulf of Noto, is likely to be conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="652C42842C711DC312C4ADE265090EDB" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. appendiculata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
<emphasis id="2A8E870464D8B96C06122FAEAA2FA896" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. appendiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the original drawings (
<bibRefCitation id="A06B9DDF8FB68F559A47FB1E4C634A5E" author="Levinsen, GMR" journalOrPublisher="Nationale Forfatterers Forlag, Copenhagen" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4713708" refId="B42" refString="Levinsen, GMR, 1909. Morphological and Systematic Studies on the Cheilostomatous Bryozoa. Nationale Forfatterers Forlag, Copenhagen, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4713708" title="Morphological and Systematic Studies on the Cheilostomatous Bryozoa." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4713708" year="1909">Levinsen 1909</bibRefCitation>
: 331, pl. 24 cited as 23 in the text, fig. 6A-C). However, a formal synonymy requires the examination of the type specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6D447DAA7BE859B15739B1C62E135A3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="E8A4D91620BB3DE49B323D5683312CE4" baseAuthorityName="Heller" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella appendiculata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
<emphasis id="17A08F2386453EED5608B2584FE528BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella appendiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from other Mediterranean congeners in having paired avicularia, a character shared only with
<taxonomicName id="9D96436B43C810AAF38FE688AB7037C3" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. coronata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">
<emphasis id="0182D63DF1EE6AA0ED8CDD7318EC17B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. coronata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Audouin &amp; Savigny, 1826). However, in
<taxonomicName id="E4ED86937D6A227886F2A3E4D9EDEFE8" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. coronata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="coronata">
<emphasis id="4ACB153030BB18E391A0C3F80EA4163A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. coronata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the avicularia are located proximally to the ascopore, the ovicell is personate, the oral spines are greater in number (6-8) and unbranched.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47ABD9A9A3DAF3940030B01A4289899F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Here, we document the regeneration of the ancestrula as an autozooid for the first time (Fig.
<figureCitation id="311A8129EDD7F3FF7D3D7F66FC71A784" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Microporella appendiculata (Heller, 1867) from the Iberian-Provencal Basin A, B Bisbe cave E Falco Cave, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 b C, D, F, G Ionian Sea, Ciclopi 2000, PMC Rosso-Collection I. H. B. 84 a A unbleached autozooids with trifurcate proximal oral spines and long, setiform avicularian mandibles B unbleached autozooids with bifurcate proximal oral spines. Note the vertical arrangement of the unbranched distal spines forming a sort of fence around the orifice C two kenozooidal ovicells developed on marginal autozooids D colony portion showing the co-occurrence of kenozooidal ovicells (black arrows) and ovicells formed by the distal autozooid (white arrow). Note the occurrence of bifurcate and trifurcate proximal spines E young colony showing the tatiform ancestrula and first budded autozooids with bifurcate proximal spines F ancestrula regenerated as a miniaturised autozooid G close-up of the ascopore. Scale bars: 200 µm (A-D); 500 µm (E); 100 µm (F); 30 µm (G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/572559" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2F</figureCitation>
). Trifurcated proximal spines have already been figured on some zooids, though not described as such by
<bibRefCitation id="CC2A3F1DAB5C15410C6BCE9B59904C67" author="Zabala, M" journalOrPublisher="Institut D'estudis Catalans Seccio de Ciencies" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 836" refId="B72" refString="Zabala, M, 1986. Fauna dels bryozous dels Paisos Catalans. Barcelona. Institut D'estudis Catalans Seccio de Ciencies 84: 1 - 836" title="Fauna dels bryozous dels Paisos Catalans. Barcelona." volume="84" year="1986">Zabala (1986</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 181B, as
<taxonomicName id="C80733C7F36C1AC7FD6F20FC7A4971A3" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. marsupiata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="marsupiata">
<emphasis id="D76080FE1D2E08B3B80F3409F329F532" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. marsupiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and by
<bibRefCitation id="40453E3BB33E34958F51608569C8804A" author="Chimenz, C" journalOrPublisher="B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="37 - 47" refId="B11" refString="Chimenz, C, Faraglia, E, 1995. Some faunistic and ecological observations on the Bryozoa Gymnolaelata assemblages from the coast of Puglia (Italy). Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Memorie, ser. B 102: 37 - 47" title="Some faunistic and ecological observations on the Bryozoa Gymnolaelata assemblages from the coast of Puglia (Italy). Atti della Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali, Memorie, ser." volume="102" year="1995">Chimenz and Faraglia (1995</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 2C, as
<taxonomicName id="FBBD768CD5BE7C2F22D3349191010F7C" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. pseudomarsupiata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pseudomarsupiata">
<emphasis id="29A42E0125BE247F1E9B9EB6409D715F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. pseudomarsupiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<bibRefCitation id="C74CDDFEDB80DD58C1CBB7516B28A910" author="Gautier, YV" journalOrPublisher="Recueillis des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 435" refId="B29" refString="Gautier, YV, 1962. Recherches ecologiques sur les Bryozoaires Chilostomes en Mediterranee occidentale. Recueillis des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume 38: 1 - 435" title="Recherches ecologiques sur les Bryozoaires Chilostomes en Mediterranee occidentale." volume="38" year="1962">Gautier (1962)</bibRefCitation>
also recorded autozooids with up to seven oral spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE5EBD7341F14443ADBF9DBB663FBA13" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Size differences were observed between specimens from Sicily and those from Sardinia, with Sardinian colonies showing longer autozooids (Sicily: mean 604
<normalizedToken id="312C4F46803AD5FC1EEEF244534FCEEF" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
56
<normalizedToken id="7A975CE53607A9D65F79F01E703A3F32" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
458
<normalizedToken id="431C4C1F1BCE428172BF73639A20DCD7" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
71
<normalizedToken id="D42180EF34AFB715D7E061866254C96F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, N = 8, L/W 1.32; Sardinia: 698
<normalizedToken id="E0D01EBEC9901AAF184545FD6650BB2A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
30
<normalizedToken id="BEABAF7B0B1D022B791B282CB483391D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
458
<normalizedToken id="12E92F6E0E6601B5455064C1EFB47CAB" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
64
<normalizedToken id="A9DE5CBD165C60E34DDC357DCCD72FE9" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, N = 6, L/W 1.53), slender avicularia (Sicily: mean 135
<normalizedToken id="E8D263A969A9A8476D6630B06872A90C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
7
<normalizedToken id="2DE34304A99A57AFB3892FDFB9EA7335" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
105
<normalizedToken id="7CF08E67BC0F08805B4CBB6C1C4DED30" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
8
<normalizedToken id="0BAC861EDFB97BE7D7864F2C7D7C86E8" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, N = 25, L/W 1.38; Sardinia: 142
<normalizedToken id="9A3FD6DA6F1898C40F508A3245C9AEBE" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
14
<normalizedToken id="092EB59F2BEC29915BB4A2627362CFF7" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
80
<normalizedToken id="48647680AA243EA8F73D4270B629DBEE" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
14
<normalizedToken id="8E8D2F0D967175A957214F6D91CBB7BE" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, N = 12, L/W 1.78), and larger ovicells (Sicily: mean 173
<normalizedToken id="C3356FA3220D0ADF550CF106AD38909D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
20
<normalizedToken id="293DA0ECD25985EF27F19E147FD18911" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
280
<normalizedToken id="A2B41D3C505D0728E93FDD257DE869AB" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
14
<normalizedToken id="5A17AFB39963B73BCB77DF12BF6A0018" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, N = 5, L/W 0.78; Sardinia: 206
<normalizedToken id="3882BD351F169F4235F917DADCCD9F8E" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
27
<normalizedToken id="5365FDA6FAF53B4DB184804A67A4C5F0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
354
<normalizedToken id="67BC5611560A6DE2EFC53931F561413C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
13
<normalizedToken id="8BDC168B8B1B172B3FE8DF242C37510D" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, N = 10, L/W 0.58), as well as trifurcated proximalmost spines.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="269B9D3830D6D156B368E08B9CE48340" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CB76EF434FA22E86EE2B435E02496F6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44FE8E8331044A3EB2B7A4D0954AE0EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
In the Mediterranean,
<taxonomicName id="BA465B1BAF0C6A0A7CDB1DD471259945" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. appendiculata" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
<emphasis id="5FFBA344A65219CC6DEBC38DD917CDB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. appendiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported from several localities and usually in shelf habitats, associated with coarse detritic bottoms, often encrusting shells and calcareous algae (
<bibRefCitation id="27CB834B5F3F0E2F6851AA17088E51DB" author="Gautier, YV" journalOrPublisher="Recueillis des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 435" refId="B29" refString="Gautier, YV, 1962. Recherches ecologiques sur les Bryozoaires Chilostomes en Mediterranee occidentale. Recueillis des Travaux de la Station Marine d'Endoume 38: 1 - 435" title="Recherches ecologiques sur les Bryozoaires Chilostomes en Mediterranee occidentale." volume="38" year="1962">Gautier 1962</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D830F8DBA28399ED47E3EEF96F038433" author="Rosso, A" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B55" refString="Rosso, A, 1996a. Popolamenti e tanatocenosi a Briozoi di fondi mobili circalitorali del Golfo di Noto (Sicilia SE). Naturalista Siciliano (Serie 4) 20(3-4): 189-225." title="Popolamenti e tanatocenosi a Briozoi di fondi mobili circalitorali del Golfo di Noto (Sicilia SE). Naturalista Siciliano (Serie 4) 20 (3 - 4): 189 - 225." year="1996 a">Rosso 1996a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8E8F8815D58942755207E85031870E99" author="Rosso, A" journalOrPublisher="Biologia Marina Mediterranea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="58 - 65" refId="B56" refString="Rosso, A, 1996b. Valutazione della biodiversita in Mediterraneo: l'esempio dei popolamenti a briozoi della Biocenosi del Detritico Costiero. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 3 (1): 58 - 65" title="Valutazione della biodiversita in Mediterraneo: l'esempio dei popolamenti a briozoi della Biocenosi del Detritico Costiero." volume="3" year="1996 b">b</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B26CCFEF610C3E9A6883C555C6B9F1AE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2013.04.013" author="Madurell, T" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Sea Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="123 - 126" refId="B43" refString="Madurell, T, Zabala, M, Dominguez-Carrio, C, Gili, JM, 2013. Bryozoan faunal composition and community structure from the continental shelf off Cap de Creus (Northwestern Mediterranean). Journal of Sea Research 83: 123 - 126, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2013.04.013" title="Bryozoan faunal composition and community structure from the continental shelf off Cap de Creus (Northwestern Mediterranean)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2013.04.013" volume="83" year="2013">Madurell et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C49BF690BDC2639C1DDE9FC8C8992D71" author="Chimenz Gusso, C" journalOrPublisher="B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B12" refString="Chimenz Gusso, C, Nicoletti, L, Bondanese, C, 2014. Briozoi. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 20 (Suppl. 1): 1-336." title="Briozoi. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 20 (Suppl. 1): 1 - 336." year="2014">Chimenz Gusso et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
), as well as from shadowed microhabitats associated with
<taxonomicName id="D793315DDDBC1C61E8E4FD6C44DAF248" authorityName="C.Agardh" authorityYear="1820" family="Serpuloidea" genus="Cystoseira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cystoseira" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="61DB844257CA7FABC1915A3EC88C1A0D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cystoseira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s. l. communities (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="6B3C42FBE50975FA26783CB79D3A6CEF" author="Campisi, MR" journalOrPublisher="Travaux de l'institut de zoologie de l'Universite de Montpellier et de la station zoologique de Cette" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B9" refString="Campisi, MR, 1973. Briozoi dell'Isola Lachea (Golfo di Catania) - Nota preliminare. Bollettino Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali, Catania (Serie 4) 11: 135-156." title="Briozoi dell'Isola Lachea (Golfo di Catania) - Nota preliminare. Bollettino Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali, Catania (Serie 4) 11: 135 - 156." year="1973">Campisi 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="70F04FAC16B7700D0FB741C064E88490" author="Rosso, A" editor="Schmidt, R" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Australasian Association of Palaeontologists" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="115 - 129" refId="B65" refString="Rosso, A, Sanfilippo, R, Sciuto, F, Serio, D, Catra, M, Alongi, G, Viola, A, Leonardi, R, 2019a. Preliminary information on bryozoans associated with selected Cystoseira communities from Sicily (Mediterranean). In: Schmidt, R, Reid, C, Gordon, DP, Walker-Smith, G, Martin, S, Percival, I, Eds., Bryozoan Studies 2016. Proceedings of the 17th International Bryozoology Association Conference, Melbourne, Australia. Memoirs of the Australasian Association of Palaeontologists 52: 115 - 129" title="Preliminary information on bryozoans associated with selected Cystoseira communities from Sicily (Mediterranean)." volume="52" volumeTitle="Bryozoan Studies 2016. Proceedings of the 17 th International Bryozoology Association Conference, Melbourne, Australia." year="2019 a">Rosso et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
). It also occurs in submarine caves of NW Sardinia (
<bibRefCitation id="934036629DAB14A98B5F58A94080BF7A" author="Fraschetti, S" journalOrPublisher="8330) nelle aree marine protette di Capo Caccia, Plemmirio e Isole Pelagie. Relazione finale. CoNISMa-Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B28" refString="Fraschetti, S, Boero, F, Guarnieri, G, Terlizzi, A, Guidetti, P, Bussotti, S, Piraino, S, De Vito, D, Cormaci, M, Furnari, G, Catra, M, Alongi, G, Rosso, A, Di Martino, E, Ceccherelli, G, Manconi, R, Ledda, F, Cattaneo-Vietti, R, Cerrano, C, Pantaleo, U, Scinto, A, Bavestrello, G, Di Camillo, CG, Betti, F, Chemello, R, Milazzo, M, Graziano, M, Di Franco, A, Marchini, A, Russo, GF, Di Stefano, F, Cimmino, P, 2010. Studio degli ambienti di grotte marine sommerse (Cod. 8330) nelle aree marine protette di Capo Caccia, Plemmirio e Isole Pelagie. Relazione finale. CoNISMa-Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare" title="Studio degli ambienti di grotte marine sommerse (Cod." year="2010">Fraschetti et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
) and near Monaco (J.-G. Harmelin, pers. comm., May 2021) in the
<normalizedToken id="7C57990056D276B37112FC0CA320284B" originalValue="Iberian-Provençal">Iberian-Provencal</normalizedToken>
basin, at the transition between coralligenous and semi-dark cave habitats.
<taxonomicName id="F1ED0376ECDD04DB19062AE04A9CF967" baseAuthorityName="Heller" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Microporellidae" genus="Microporella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microporella appendiculata" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
<emphasis id="FB04CCC84A6ACE8837567ADBAA5D4EC2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Microporella appendiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been also collected in dark sectors of Agios Vasilios cave in Lesvos, Greece (
<bibRefCitation id="101DE56D1A1630FACEFF0C13241BCCAF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-018-0846-0" author="Rosso, A" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="707 - 726" refId="B63" refString="Rosso, A, Gerovasileiou, V, Sanfilippo, R, Guido, A, 2019b. Bryozoans assemblages from two submarine caves in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean). Marine Biodiversity 49 (2): 707 - 726, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-018-0846-0" title="Bryozoans assemblages from two submarine caves in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean)." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-018-0846-0" volume="49" year="2019 b">Rosso et al. 2019b</bibRefCitation>
) and (as
<taxonomicName id="F3ADDE096CB1D8A6454F9959995DDDF0" class="Gymnolaemata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. umbracula" order="Cheilostomata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="umbracula">
<emphasis id="A8C28909C9235E70408237697A2B409C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M. umbracula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in the Mitigliano cave in the Sorrento peninsula, Italy (
<bibRefCitation id="AF0F7506764EEB799DFB2CE2F4AB4E0B" author="Balduzzi, A" editor="Ros, JD" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Marina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="387 - 395" refId="B6" refString="Balduzzi, A, Bianchi, C, Boero, F, Cattaneo Vietti, R, Pansini, M, Sara, M, 1989. The suspension-feeder communities of a Mediterranean sea cave. In: Ros, JD, Ed., Topics in Marine Biology. Scientia Marina 53: 387 - 395" title="The suspension-feeder communities of a Mediterranean sea cave." volume="53" volumeTitle="Topics in Marine Biology." year="1989">Balduzzi et al. 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="585A76EFEA6915C78ED7E893167B99B4" author="Balduzzi, A" journalOrPublisher="Tesis Doctoral, Facultad de Biologia, Universidad de La Laguna, Las Palmas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B5" refString="Balduzzi, A, Rosso, A, 2003. Briozoi. In: Cicogna F, Bianchi NC, Ferrari G, Forti P (Eds) Grotte marine: cinquant'anni di ricerca in Italia, CLEM-ONLUS, Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio: 195-202." title="Briozoi. In: Cicogna F, Bianchi NC, Ferrari G, Forti P (Eds) Grotte marine: cinquant'anni di ricerca in Italia, CLEM-ONLUS, Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio: 195 - 202." year="2003">Balduzzi and Rosso 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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