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<document id="C3E5FD0F9423DA55C89E227640C3F485" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930701359218" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4669578" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1617793898169" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kott, Patricia" docDate="2007" docId="191287F0FFC3FFA8FE1CFDD69AAFCDC4" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.41.17-20.1163-1211.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 41 (17 - 20)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701359218" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5A9EB2ED5589A523F0236C66DE2A6BA8.4:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="5A9EB2ED5589A523F0236C66DE2A6BA8" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Didemnum perplexum Kott 2001" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1189" masterDocId="E52BFF88FFD8FFB3FFAEFFAE9B77CB51" masterDocTitle="New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 4)" masterLastPageNumber="1211" masterPageNumber="1163" pageNumber="1189" updateTime="1698902273932" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="61B8F6F61FC9A159292DEC2CA1A6E824" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="019D5ED7F0E20C57BB2D2C71AC29CF6D">New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 4)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="77DDEB590308820C1A6133256D6E2FBA">Kott, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="09B4D62D51C4E8933742995CDECCE7F8">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="71E1B8A7C18ECF0EA5E6F483BE05FD97">
<mods:date id="F6D57AFCD9F33B27B4AF2FFF6C4F9CFB">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CA3E8BD00BC97A14F6913B6F7ADBD65B">2010-07-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F68DAD7FF36B98913136935DE93BFA26">41</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2BE233BCB1C3D90737353343A2617ADA" type="issue">
<mods:number id="9180A4BBB270C78253FF2BFD25FD4ED8">17 - 20</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9086872E921A35ACA5F50E127C3EBE66">1163</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="5264ED67283F55D8E8B93A0DD29417E4">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="83FF0ABE480DE97619C1DBA60948C2F7" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="191287F0FFC3FFA8FE1CFDD69AAFCDC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:191287F0FFC3FFA8FE1CFDD69AAFCDC4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/191287F0FFC3FFA8FE1CFDD69AAFCDC4" lastPageNumber="1189" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
<subSubSection id="D9A1656DFFC3FFA8FE1CFDD6980EC9C1" box="[434,889,632,656]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FE1CFDD6980EC9C1" blockId="27.[138,1120,632,720]" box="[434,889,632,656]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
<heading id="CA4C818AFFC3FFA8FE1CFDD6980EC9C1" box="[434,889,632,656]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="56BB4D65FFC3FFA8FE1CFDD6980EC9C1" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[434,889,632,656]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perplexum">
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FE1CFDD69996C9C1" bold="true" box="[434,737,632,656]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">Didemnum perplexum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F52A4B17FFC3FFA8FD5FFDD6980EC9C1" author="Kott P" box="[753,889,632,656]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref21062" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47: 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D9A1656DFFC3FFA8FDFFFD3999ADC9FE" box="[593,730,663,687]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="description">
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FDFFFD3999ADC9FE" blockId="27.[138,1120,632,720]" box="[593,730,663,687]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
(
<figureCitation id="09802A63FFC3FFA8FDF7FD3999A6C9FE" box="[601,721,663,687]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="38.[125,186,1585,1604]" captionTargetBox="[289,1009,129,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-0@38.[289,1009,129,1548]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 9. Scanning electron micrographs. (A) Didemnum membranceum (QM G308854); (B) Didemnum microthoracium (SAM E3259); (C) Didemnum moseleyi (QM G308866); (D) Didemnum parau (QM G308859); (E) Didemnum patulum (QM G308769); (F) Didemnum pellucidum (QM G308886); (G) Didemnum perplexum (QM G308860); (H) Didemnum psammatode (QM G308879)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4669604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4669604/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">Figure 9G</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9A1656DFFC3FFA8FF24FD169F17C981" box="[138,1120,696,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FF24FD169F17C981" blockId="27.[138,1120,632,720]" box="[138,1120,696,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
<taxonomicName id="56BB4D65FFC3FFA8FF24FD16993BC981" authority="Kott 2001, p 224" authorityName="Kott" authorityPageNumber="224" authorityYear="2001" box="[138,588,696,720]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perplexum">
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FF24FD169A0DC981" box="[138,378,696,720]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">Didemnum perplexum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F52A4B17FFC3FFA8FE2DFD169A88C981" author="Kott P" box="[387,511,696,720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref21062" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47: 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott 2001</bibRefCitation>
, p 224
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and synonymy; 2004a, p 757 and synonymy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D9A1656DFFC3FFA8FF24FCA79AAFCDC4" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FF24FCA79A7CC870" blockId="27.[138,267,777,801]" box="[138,267,777,801]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FF24FCA79A7CC870" box="[138,267,777,801]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FF24FC949A7CC8E3" blockId="27.[138,1185,826,946]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
Previously recorded (see
<bibRefCitation id="F52A4B17FFC3FFA8FE16FC949931C803" author="Kott P" box="[440,582,826,850]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" pagination="731 - 774" refId="ref21123" refString="Kott P. 2004 a. New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part 1). Journal of Natural History 38: 731 - 774." type="journal article" year="2004">Kott 2004a</bibRefCitation>
): Queensland Capricorn Group, Swain Reefs, Big Bradhurst Reef);
<materialsCitation id="21D33CBBFFC3FFA8FEF5FCF49A70C8E3" collectionCode="QM" country="New Caledonia" elevation="13" latitude="-18.275" location="New Caledonia" longLatPrecision="76" longitude="146.455" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" specimenCode="G308860, G308863" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E9AC7676FFC3FFA8FEF5FCF49960C823" box="[347,535,858,882]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="E9AC7676FFC3FFA8FD88FCF499E0C823" box="[550,663,858,882]" name="Indonesia" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
(Great Barrier Reef:
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17.275
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FC5EFCF4988DC823" bold="true" box="[1008,1018,858,882]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">°</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F48F5021FFC3FFA8FBB3FCF49FEBC823" box="[1053,1180,858,882]" degrees="146.345" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" precision="55" value="146.345">
146.345
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FBD3FCF49FF0C823" bold="true" box="[1149,1159,858,882]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">°</emphasis>
E
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="56439B03FFC3FFA8FF24FCD49BB1C8C3" box="[138,198,890,914]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" unit="m" value="13.0">
<elevation id="1A96D1D5FFC3FFA8FF24FCD49BB1C8C3" box="[138,198,890,914]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</elevation>
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;
<geoCoordinate id="F48F5021FFC3FFA8FF75FCD49A3FC8C3" box="[219,328,890,914]" degrees="16.705" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" precision="55" value="-16.705">
16.705
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FE82FCD49A41C8C3" bold="true" box="[300,310,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">°</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F48F5021FFC3FFA8FEF0FCD49AAAC8C3" box="[350,477,890,914]" degrees="146.125" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" precision="55" value="146.125">
146.125
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FE10FCD49ABFC8C3" bold="true" box="[446,456,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">°</emphasis>
E
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="56439B03FFC3FFA8FE5CFCD49959C8C3" box="[498,558,890,914]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" unit="m" value="34.0">
<elevation id="1A96D1D5FFC3FFA8FE5CFCD49959C8C3" box="[498,558,890,914]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" unit="m" value="34.0">34 m</elevation>
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,
<collectionCode id="F7AAAE23FFC3FFA8FDECFCD49905C8C3" box="[578,626,890,914]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C11D9E9DFFC3FFA8FD2DFCD49983C8C3" box="[643,756,890,914]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="Museum">G308860</specimenCode>
;
<geoCoordinate id="F48F5021FFC3FFA8FCA7FCD49801C8C3" box="[777,886,890,914]" degrees="18.275" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" precision="55" value="-18.275">
18.275
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FCF4FCD49813C8C3" bold="true" box="[858,868,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">°</emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F48F5021FFC3FFA8FC22FCD49F7CC8C3" box="[908,1035,890,914]" degrees="146.455" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" precision="55" value="146.455">
146.455
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FC42FCD49881C8C3" bold="true" box="[1004,1014,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">°</emphasis>
E
</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="56439B03FFC3FFA8FB8EFCD49F2BC8C3" box="[1056,1116,890,914]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" unit="m" value="29.0">
<elevation id="1A96D1D5FFC3FFA8FB8EFCD49F2BC8C3" box="[1056,1116,890,914]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" unit="m" value="29.0">29 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectionCode id="F7AAAE23FFC3FFA8FBDEFCD49FD7C8C3" box="[1136,1184,890,914]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C11D9E9DFFC3FFA8FF24FC349B89C8E3" box="[138,254,922,946]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="Museum">G308863</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FF24FC449A74CF53" blockId="27.[138,259,1002,1026]" box="[138,259,1002,1026]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FF24FC449A74CF53" box="[138,259,1002,1026]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FF24FBB599A7CFA2" blockId="27.[138,1185,1051,1428]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
Generally, the colonies are irregular scraps of encrusting sheets with thoracic common cloacal cavities. Spicules are crowded throughout and usually are up to
<quantity id="56439B03FFC3FFA8FC6BFB959F5BCF02" box="[965,1068,1083,1107]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
diameter, although occasionally some larger ones to
<quantity id="56439B03FFC3FFA8FD33FBF59865CF22" box="[669,786,1115,1139]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" unit="mm" value="0.062">0.062 mm</quantity>
diameter are present. They are stellate, with five to nine conical rays in optical transverse section. A fine retractor muscle projects from about halfway down the long oesophageal neck. The branchial aperture is short and trumpet-shaped and the atrial opening is sessile, without an anterior lip. About six stigmata are in a row on one side of the body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FF0BFB529B8BCEC5" blockId="27.[138,1185,1051,1428]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
<materialsCitation id="21D33CBBFFC3FFA8FF0BFB529B8FCEC5" collectionCode="QM" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" specimenCode="G308860" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
The sturdy but immature larval trunk (present in
<collectionCode id="F7AAAE23FFC3FFA8FCEDFB529804CE45" box="[835,883,1276,1300]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C11D9E9DFFC3FFA8FC29FB52988FCE45" box="[903,1016,1276,1300]" collectionCode="QM" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="Museum">G308860</specimenCode>
, collected in September) is about
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long with the tail wound almost the whole way around it. The lateral ampullae are not developed in these specimens although larger larvae (
<quantity id="56439B03FFC3FFA8FF4BFAF29AF7CE25" box="[229,384,1372,1396]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" unit="mm" value="0.74" valueMax="0.88" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.88 mm</quantity>
long trunk) in the
<typeStatus id="4E008844FFC3FFA8FDD0FAF29995CE25" box="[638,738,1372,1396]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F52A4B17FFC3FFA8FD57FAF2980BCE25" author="Kott P" box="[761,892,1372,1396]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref21062" refString="Kott P. 2001. The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Didemnidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 47: 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott 2001</bibRefCitation>
) have six pairs of long ampullae
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FF24FA629B9ECEB5" blockId="27.[138,233,1484,1508]" box="[138,233,1484,1508]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FF24FA629B9ECEB5" box="[138,233,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="910436E6FFC3FFA8FF24FA539AAFCDC4" blockId="27.[138,1185,1533,1685]" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">
<taxonomicName id="56BB4D65FFC3FFA8FF24FA539AFECD44" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2004" box="[138,393,1533,1557]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coralliforme">
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FF24FA539AFECD44" box="[138,393,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">Didemnum coralliforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="56BB4D65FFC3FFA8FE66FA50994FCD44" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[456,568,1533,1557]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grande">
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FE66FA50994FCD44" box="[456,568,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">D. grande</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have similar spicules with long, narrow conical rays but they are larger and have more rays than those of the present species.
<taxonomicName id="56BB4D65FFC3FFA8FB86F9B39B82CD04" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="candidum">
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FB86F9B39B82CD04" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">Didemnum candidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="56BB4D65FFC3FFA8FE9AF9909AAECD04" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityYear="1954" box="[308,473,1597,1621]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Didemnum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="granulatum">
<emphasis id="A3CFEAF4FFC3FFA8FE9AF9909AAECD04" box="[308,473,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="1189">D. granulatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have smaller spicules. All these species are, to some extent, convergent, the colonies, zooids and larvae, as well as the spicules, being conservative and the species readily confused.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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