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<document id="5C259CD7963F3D5D9FDF300200BEA2A5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4756.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4d48d52e-6505-4f62-909f-5da5c2cfb489" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3736895" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9FF62616-A7FA-4331-AC51-0F534400631D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1585767638433" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kluge, Nikita J." docDate="2020" docId="039787A6FF84847B8CFBFA02DF8BF857" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4756.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4756 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Thraulodes sinuosus Mariano &amp; Flowers (in Mariano, Flowers &amp; Froehlich 2011" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FFAEFFDEFF9D84648C6CFFE6DB3EFFA2" masterDocTitle="Systematic position of Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and descriptions of new and little-known species" masterLastPageNumber="142" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="26" updateTime="1698734461607" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2C4F84E0D190A412C03BFFB1A571C7E4">Systematic position of Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and descriptions of new and little-known species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5BD81FA0033F51F7AF75BBBF15F01452">Kluge, Nikita J.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="039787A6FF84847B8CFBFA02DF8BF857" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3811755" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163420795" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3811755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787A6FF84847B8CFBFA02DF8BF857" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787A6FF84847B8CFBFA02DF8BF857" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="C324653BFF84847D8CFBFA02D9CEFA5C" box="[151,752,1508,1535]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF84847D8CFBFA02D9CEFA5C" blockId="25.[151,752,1508,1570]" box="[151,752,1508,1535]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="D0C981DCFF84847D8CFBFA02D9CEFA5C" bold="true" box="[151,752,1508,1535]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF84847D8CFBFA02D9CEFA5C" bold="true" box="[151,752,1508,1535]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
2.
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF84847D8CD9FA02D9CEFA5C" ID-CoL="56LL4" authority="Mariano &amp; Flowers 2011" authorityName="Mariano &amp; Flowers (in Mariano, Flowers &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2011" box="[181,752,1508,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF84847D8CD9FA02DA8EFA5C" bold="true" box="[181,432,1508,1535]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Thraulodes sinuosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF84847D8DD4FA02D9CEFA5C" author="Mariano, R. &amp; Flowers, R. W. &amp; Froehlich, C. G." box="[440,752,1508,1534]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="387 - 393" refId="ref71295" refString="Mariano, R., Flowers, R. W. &amp; Froehlich, C. G. (2011) Four new species, a new synonymy and new record for Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae). Annales de Limnologie, 47, 387 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 2011044" type="journal article" year="2011">Mariano &amp; Flowers 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C324653BFF84847D8CFBF9EEDA19F980" box="[151,295,1543,1570]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF84847D8CFBF9EEDA19F980" blockId="25.[151,752,1508,1570]" box="[151,295,1543,1570]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
(
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF84847D8CF3F9EEDA21F980" box="[159,287,1543,1570]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 42–51" captionStart-1="FIGURES 52–59" captionStart-2="FIGURES 60–63" captionStart-3="FIGURES 64–65" captionStartId-0="29.[151,264,1783,1808]" captionStartId-1="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionStartId-2="31.[151,264,1219,1244]" captionStartId-3="32.[151,264,1924,1949]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetBox-2="[154,1432,171,1193]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1398,166,1905]" captionTargetId-0="figure@29.[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetId-1="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId-2="figure@31.[151,1437,166,1199]" captionTargetId-3="figure@32.[151,1398,166,1905]" captionTargetPageId-0="29" captionTargetPageId-1="30" captionTargetPageId-2="31" captionTargetPageId-3="32" captionText-0="FIGURES 42–51. Thraulodes sinuosus, larval exuviae (42–47 at the same magnification): 42–44, parts of head with labrum and mandibles; 45, abdominal terga; 46, part of sternum and left pleura with half of metanotum and hind protopteron, left fore, middle and hind legs; 47, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 48, tergalii V–VI; 49, anterior side of hind femur; 50, anterior side of fore tibia; 51, anterior side of hind tibia." captionText-1="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." captionText-2="FIGURES 60–63. Thraulodes sinuosus. 60, genitalia of male imago in ventral view; 61, their subimaginal exuviae at the same magnification; 62, larval exuviae of protogonostyli and protopenis at the same magnification; 63, hind wing." captionText-3="FIGURES 64–65. Thraulodes sinuosus, eggs." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736909" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736913" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736915" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3736909/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3736913/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3736915/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 42–65</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C324653BFF84847D8CFBF9AADFEAF9C7" box="[151,1236,1612,1637]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF84847D8CFBF9AADFEAF9C7" blockId="25.[151,1236,1612,1637]" box="[151,1236,1612,1637]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2E119EFF84847D8CFBF9AADFEAF9C7" box="[151,1236,1612,1637]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF84847D8CFBF9AAD905F9C7" ID-CoL="56LL4" authority="Mariano &amp; Flowers" authorityName="Mariano &amp; Flowers (in Mariano, Flowers &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,571,1612,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF84847D8CFBF9AADA56F9C6" box="[151,360,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Thraulodes sinuosus</emphasis>
Mariano &amp; Flowers
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9F10A1FF84847D8E28F9AAD8D9F9C6" author="Mariano, R. &amp; Flowers, R. W. &amp; Froehlich, C. G." box="[580,999,1612,1637]" page="391" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF84847D8E28F9AAD8D9F9C6" author="Mariano, R. &amp; Flowers, R. W. &amp; Froehlich, C. G." box="[580,999,1612,1637]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="387 - 393" refId="ref71295" refString="Mariano, R., Flowers, R. W. &amp; Froehlich, C. G. (2011) Four new species, a new synonymy and new record for Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae). Annales de Limnologie, 47, 387 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 2011044" type="journal article" year="2011">Mariano, Flowers &amp; Froehlich 2011: 391</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 16–27 (
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FF84847D8807F9AADF40F9C6" box="[1131,1150,1612,1636]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
imago).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C324653BFF84847D8CFBF974DF8AF957" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF84847D8CFBF974DF8AF957" blockId="25.[151,1437,1682,1997]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF84847D8CFBF974DABDF90F" bold="true" box="[151,387,1682,1709]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3297620FF84847D8DE1F975D939F90F" box="[397,519,1683,1709]" name="Panama" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FAF852FF84847D8E79F975D805F90F" box="[533,827,1683,1709]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Provincia Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
, Punta de Peña, Rio Guabo (
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A5077FF84847D88E2F974DFDAF90F" box="[1166,1252,1682,1709]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="925" value="8.916667">8°55’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A5077FF84847D889EF975DE65F90F" box="[1266,1371,1683,1709]" degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="925" value="-82.183334">82°11’W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FF801070FF84847D891EF975DA3BF973" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="2018-01-29" valueMax="2018-01-31" valueMin="2018-01-29">29– 31.I.2018</date>
, coll. N. Kluge &amp; L. Sheyko: 1 L-S-I
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FF84847D8ECAF951D987F973" box="[678,697,1719,1745]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 1 L-S/I
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FF84847D8F7BF951D815F973" box="[791,811,1719,1745]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 2 L-S
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FF84847D8F14F951D8B2F973" box="[888,908,1719,1745]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
, 1 L/S
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FF84847D8FBBF951D8D2F973" box="[983,1004,1719,1745]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; Bosque protector Palo Seco, Altos del Valle, Rio Buris (
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A5077FF84847D8D37F93DDAE2F957" box="[347,476,1755,1781]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="15" seconds="37" value="8.793612">8°47’37’’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A5077FF84847D8D84F93CD943F957" box="[488,637,1754,1781]" degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-82.193054">82°11’35’’W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FF801070FF84847D8EFEF93DD815F957" box="[658,811,1755,1781]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="2018-01-24" valueMax="2018-01-29" valueMin="2018-01-24">24–29.I.2018</date>
, coll. L. Sheyko &amp; N. Kluge: 1 I
<specimenCount id="9D38FD39FF84847D88F0F93DDF91F957" box="[1180,1199,1755,1781]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C324653BFF84847B8CABF918D8CBF872" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF84847D8CABF918DA5AF8BB" blockId="25.[151,1437,1682,1997]" box="[199,356,1790,1817]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF84847D8CABF918DA5AF8BB" bold="true" box="[199,356,1790,1817]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Descriptions.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF84847D8CABF8C5DF77F86F" blockId="25.[151,1437,1682,1997]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF84847D8CABF8C5DA2CF89F" bold="true" box="[199,274,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Larva.</emphasis>
CUTICULAR COLORATION (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF84847D8EE4F8C5D833F89F" box="[648,781,1827,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–51" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1783,1808]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 42–51. Thraulodes sinuosus, larval exuviae (42–47 at the same magnification): 42–44, parts of head with labrum and mandibles; 45, abdominal terga; 46, part of sternum and left pleura with half of metanotum and hind protopteron, left fore, middle and hind legs; 47, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 48, tergalii V–VI; 49, anterior side of hind femur; 50, anterior side of fore tibia; 51, anterior side of hind tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736909/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 42–47</figureCitation>
). Dorsal side of head, thorax and abdomen mostly brown with few blanks: pronotum bordered by light laterally and medioposteriorly, with pair of large roundish blanks anteriorly and pair of roundish blanks submedially; fore protoptera with convex and concave longitudinal veins lighter than background; abdominal terga with blanks on lateral parts, area mediad of tergalii attachments nearly unicolor brown. Femora mostly brown with blanks; tibiae and tarsi uniformly light brownish.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF416638FF86847F8CFBFF5ADF9AFEBF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3736905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736905/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1962]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CFBFF5ADF9AFEBF" blockId="27.[151,1436,188,285]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF86847F8CFBFF5ADA6AFF77" bold="true" box="[151,340,188,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURES 25–34.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF86847F8D36FF5AD912FF76" box="[346,556,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ludmilae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF86847F8D36FF5AD912FF76" box="[346,556,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Thraulodes ludmilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF86847F8E5EFF5AD955FF76" bold="true" box="[562,619,188,212]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957D9FF86847F8E5EFF5AD955FF76" box="[562,619,188,212]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
: 25, 27, male imago; 26, apex of fore wing; 28–30, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 31, subimaginal exuviae of hind leg; 32, costal margin of fore wing (arrows show proximal costal cross veins); 33, genitalia of male imago; 34, left half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum (25–26, 28–34, holotype).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFE89DF45FE0F" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
HYPODERMAL COLORATION. Unknown; probably, abdominal terga with paired blackish spots corresponding to midway gray spots of imago (as in
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8E05FE75D982FE0F" box="[617,700,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
). Tergalii gray, tracheae black (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8877FE75DF51FE0F" box="[1051,1135,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–51" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1783,1808]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 42–51. Thraulodes sinuosus, larval exuviae (42–47 at the same magnification): 42–44, parts of head with labrum and mandibles; 45, abdominal terga; 46, part of sternum and left pleura with half of metanotum and hind protopteron, left fore, middle and hind legs; 47, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 48, tergalii V–VI; 49, anterior side of hind femur; 50, anterior side of fore tibia; 51, anterior side of hind tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736909/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFE51D989FD9F" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
SHAPE AND SETATION. Clypeus widened distally or parallel-sided; labrum 1.3–1.4 times wider than clypeus (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8CCCFE3DDBCDFE57" box="[160,243,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–51" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1783,1808]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 42–51. Thraulodes sinuosus, larval exuviae (42–47 at the same magnification): 42–44, parts of head with labrum and mandibles; 45, abdominal terga; 46, part of sternum and left pleura with half of metanotum and hind protopteron, left fore, middle and hind legs; 47, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 48, tergalii V–VI; 49, anterior side of hind femur; 50, anterior side of fore tibia; 51, anterior side of hind tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736909/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
). Labrum widest at 0.4 of length from base; initial fore margin (turned ventrally) without median emargination, with all 5 denticles wide; anterior transverse setal row regular, as wide as 3 denticles (as in
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F88B1FE19DE0EFDBB" box="[1245,1328,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–93" captionStartId="37.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,342,2018]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 86–93. Thraulodes telegraphicus. 86, median longitudinal section of labrum in usual condition; 87, the same, in spread condition; 88, labrum in spread condition in dorsal view (setal rows shown as dotted lines); 89, transverse section of hind tibia; 90–93, tergalii I, III, VI and VII. Abbreviations: anter.r, anterior transverse row of setae; dent., five denticles separated by six sensilla; poster.r, posterior transverse row of setae; i.f, inner field of stout pointed setae; i-a.h, inner-anterior recurved hairs; i-a.r, inner-anterior row of stout setae; o-a.r, outer-anterior row of stout setae; o.h, outer hairs; o-p.r, outer-posterior row of stout setae; p.r, row of posterior pointed pectinate setae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736921/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 88</figureCitation>
). Maxilla with 14–15 pectinate setae in apical-ventral row.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFDA1D805FD27" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Femora: Stout setae on anterior surface parallel-sided and blunt (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8FFBFDA1D8D5FDC3" box="[919,1003,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–51" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1783,1808]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 42–51. Thraulodes sinuosus, larval exuviae (42–47 at the same magnification): 42–44, parts of head with labrum and mandibles; 45, abdominal terga; 46, part of sternum and left pleura with half of metanotum and hind protopteron, left fore, middle and hind legs; 47, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 48, tergalii V–VI; 49, anterior side of hind femur; 50, anterior side of fore tibia; 51, anterior side of hind tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736909/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
). Irregular row of hairs near inner margin absent on fore femur, sparse on middle and hind femora.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFD69DF4EFCB7" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Fore tibia (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8D28FD69DAA7FD0B" box="[324,409,654,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–51" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1783,1808]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 42–51. Thraulodes sinuosus, larval exuviae (42–47 at the same magnification): 42–44, parts of head with labrum and mandibles; 45, abdominal terga; 46, part of sternum and left pleura with half of metanotum and hind protopteron, left fore, middle and hind legs; 47, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 48, tergalii V–VI; 49, anterior side of hind femur; 50, anterior side of fore tibia; 51, anterior side of hind tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736909/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
): outer hairs form two separated irregular rows; inner-anterior recurved hairs absent; inneranterior row of stout setae represented by few (2–3) blunt stout setae near tibia base; inner field of stout pointed setae moderately dense (setae lengths subequal to distances between them), its setae subequal in lengths, forming 2 rows, setae of anterior row mostly bipectinate or dentate, setae of posterior row smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFCF9DF5FFC23" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Hind tibia (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8D2AFCF9DAA7FC9B" box="[326,409,798,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–51" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1783,1808]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 42–51. Thraulodes sinuosus, larval exuviae (42–47 at the same magnification): 42–44, parts of head with labrum and mandibles; 45, abdominal terga; 46, part of sternum and left pleura with half of metanotum and hind protopteron, left fore, middle and hind legs; 47, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 48, tergalii V–VI; 49, anterior side of hind femur; 50, anterior side of fore tibia; 51, anterior side of hind tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736909/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
): each of three rows of stout setae—outer-anterior, outer-posterior and inner-anterior onesconsists of blunt stout setae of various lengths; hairs located between outer-anterior and outer-posterior rows, form one irregular row (besides row of hairs posteriad of outer-posterior row of stout setae).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFC6DDE6AFC07" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" box="[199,1364,907,933]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Claws with 7–10 denticles on rigid portion, with one or several minute denticles on articulatory portion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFC49D8D9FC6B" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" box="[199,999,943,969]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Tergalii (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8D41FC49DABFFC6B" box="[301,385,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–51" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1783,1808]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,166,1763]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 42–51. Thraulodes sinuosus, larval exuviae (42–47 at the same magnification): 42–44, parts of head with labrum and mandibles; 45, abdominal terga; 46, part of sternum and left pleura with half of metanotum and hind protopteron, left fore, middle and hind legs; 47, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 48, tergalii V–VI; 49, anterior side of hind femur; 50, anterior side of fore tibia; 51, anterior side of hind tibia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736909/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
): each lamella slender, tracheae without side branches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFC35DEA5FBB3" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Male genitals in last larval instar (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8E34FC35D991FC4C" box="[600,687,979,1006]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–63" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1219,1244]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,171,1193]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1437,166,1199]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 60–63. Thraulodes sinuosus. 60, genitalia of male imago in ventral view; 61, their subimaginal exuviae at the same magnification; 62, larval exuviae of protogonostyli and protopenis at the same magnification; 63, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736913/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
): protogonostyli separated one from another by moderately deep emargination. Each protopenes lobe conic, without gonopore-bearing process; gonopore opened caudally-laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFBFCD927FB67" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF86847F8CABFBFCDA02FB97" bold="true" box="[199,316,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Subimago</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8D25FBFDDAA1FB97" box="[329,415,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 56</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8DC6FBFDDAF7FB94" box="[426,457,1051,1078]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–63" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1219,1244]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,171,1193]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1437,166,1199]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 60–63. Thraulodes sinuosus. 60, genitalia of male imago in ventral view; 61, their subimaginal exuviae at the same magnification; 62, larval exuviae of protogonostyli and protopenis at the same magnification; 63, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736913/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">61</figureCitation>
). CUTICULAR COLORATION. Cuticle mostly colorless. Flagellum of antenna brownish. Mesonotum with antelateroparapsidal and lateroparapsidal sutures contrastingly colored with dark brown, chromozones and some other areas shed with very light brownish (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8F36FB85D891FBDF" box="[858,943,1122,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
). On all legs tibia and tarsus light brownish (as in
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8C8CFB61DA0AFB03" box="[224,308,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–34" captionStartId="27.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,181,1962]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 25–34. Thraulodes ludmilae sp. n.: 25, 27, male imago; 26, apex of fore wing; 28–30, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 31, subimaginal exuviae of hind leg; 32, costal margin of fore wing (arrows show proximal costal cross veins); 33, genitalia of male imago; 34, left half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum (25–26, 28–34, holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736905/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
). Cuticle of wings colorless, microtrichia light brownish. Caudalii light brownish. Other cuticle of body, legs and gonostyli colorless.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFB29DA1CFA93" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
TEXTURE. On tarsi of all legs, 1st tarsomere with microtrichia (as tibia), 2nd–5th tarsomeres coved by blunt microlepides; pointed microlepides present near apical margins of 2nd–4th tarsomeres of middle and hind legs (as in
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8CD8FAF1DA2BFA93" box="[180,277,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURES 464–473" captionStartId="106.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@105.[151,1436,181,1987]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 464–473. Thraulodes nigrabdominalis sp. n. (holotype). 464, left half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 465, 466, male imago; 467–469, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 470, subimaginal exuviae of fore leg; 471, genitalia of male imago; 472, apex of penis; 473, subimaginal exuviae of tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3737024" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3737024/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 473</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFADCD894FADB" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF86847F8CABFADCDA6CFAF7" bold="true" box="[199,338,1338,1365]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Male imago</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8D0CFADDD932FAF7" box="[352,524,1338,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 52–55, 59</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8E74FADDD95FFAF4" box="[536,609,1339,1366]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–63" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1219,1244]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,171,1193]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1437,166,1199]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 60–63. Thraulodes sinuosus. 60, genitalia of male imago in ventral view; 61, their subimaginal exuviae at the same magnification; 62, larval exuviae of protogonostyli and protopenis at the same magnification; 63, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736913/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">60, 63</figureCitation>
). Head ocher with brown. Antenna with scapus ocher, pedicellus reddishbrown, flagellum ocher. Dorsal eyes contiguous medially, dull orange.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFA65D833FA47" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Prothorax ocher with pair of dark brown spots above coxa. Meso- and metanotum light brown. Lateral sides of pterothorax ocher with brown. Ventral side of pterothorax mostly ocher, with transverse pale orange band crossing anterior part of mesothoracic episterna and basisternum.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABFA09D812F943" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cuticle of legs mostly colorless; on fore leg apex of femur and base of tibia with cuticle light brown. Legs with following hypodermal pigmentation on whitish background: Fore femur with multicolored pre-apical band, occupying distal 0.4 of femur; pre-apical band mainly orange, proximally bordered by blackish-brown, on inner side with blackish-brown longitudinal stripe. Middle and hind femora ocher, with multicolored pre-apical band within apical 1/3 of femur; pre-apical band mainly orange, proximally bordered by blackish-brown. In selected individual, relation of fore femur to fore wing length 50:240; proportions femur/tibia/tarsomeres on fore leg 50:75:2:23:20:10:6; on middle leg 47:60:1:4:3:2:5; on hind leg 60:65:1:4:3:2:5.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF86847F8CABF90DDFFEF834" blockId="27.[151,1437,367,1942]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Fore and hind wings with dark brown macula on costal brace and bases of Sc and R; longitudinal and cross veins colorless (proximal coloration of fore and hind wings appears during larval development and present both in subimago and imago). Costal cross veins proximad of bulla few, colorless and very thin, so that visible only under high magnification (as in
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8DA9F8B1D922F8D3" box="[453,540,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–34" captionStartId="27.[151,264,188,213]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,181,1962]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 25–34. Thraulodes ludmilae sp. n.: 25, 27, male imago; 26, apex of fore wing; 28–30, fore, middle and hind legs of male imago; 31, subimaginal exuviae of hind leg; 32, costal margin of fore wing (arrows show proximal costal cross veins); 33, genitalia of male imago; 34, left half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum (25–26, 28–34, holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736905/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
). Pterostigmatic cross veins not dense, perpendicular to longitudinal veins or slightly oblique, non-branched (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8D91F89DD96CF837" box="[509,594,1914,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
). Hind wing with prominent costal projection (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF86847F8833F89DDF8DF834" box="[1119,1203,1915,1942]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–63" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1219,1244]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,171,1193]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1437,166,1199]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 60–63. Thraulodes sinuosus. 60, genitalia of male imago in ventral view; 61, their subimaginal exuviae at the same magnification; 62, larval exuviae of protogonostyli and protopenis at the same magnification; 63, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736913/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF416638FF8184788CFBF8D8D87AF845" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736907" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3736907" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736907/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[151,264,1854,1879]" targetBox="[151,1436,185,1773]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF8184788CFBF8D8D87AF845" blockId="28.[151,1436,1854,2023]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF8184788CFBF8D8DA6AF8F5" bold="true" box="[151,340,1854,1879]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURES 35–41.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF8184788D36F8D8D912F8F4" box="[346,556,1854,1878]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ludmilae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF8184788D36F8D8D912F8F4" box="[346,556,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Thraulodes ludmilae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF8184788E5EF8D8D955F8F4" bold="true" box="[562,619,1854,1878]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957D9FF8184788E5EF8D8D955F8F4" box="[562,619,1854,1878]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
: 35, genitalia of male imago in ventral view; 36, subimaginal exuviae of styliger and gonostyli at the same magnification; 37, larval exuviae of protogonostyli and protopenis at the same magnification; 38, imaginal styliger and penis enlarged; 39, subimaginal exuviae of penis at the same magnification; 40, genitalia of male imago in lateral view; 41, hind wing (35–39, 41, holotype). Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; gr, groove of telopenis; dp, dorsal projection of styliger; m-v.r, medio-ventral ridge (recurved flap); tp, telopenis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF416638FF8084798CFBF911D947F8DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3736909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736909/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[151,264,1783,1808]" targetBox="[151,1436,166,1763]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF8084798CFBF911D947F8DE" blockId="29.[151,1437,1783,1916]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF8084798CFBF911DA68F8B2" bold="true" box="[151,342,1783,1808]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURES 42–51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF8084798D31F911D911F8AD" authorityName="Mariano &amp; Flowers (in Mariano, Flowers &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2011" box="[349,559,1783,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF8084798D31F911D911F8AD" box="[349,559,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Thraulodes sinuosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, larval exuviae (42–47 at the same magnification): 42–44, parts of head with labrum and mandibles; 45, abdominal terga; 46, part of sternum and left pleura with half of metanotum and hind protopteron, left fore, middle and hind legs; 47, right half of pronotum and mesonotum; 48, tergalii V–VI; 49, anterior side of hind femur; 50, anterior side of fore tibia; 51, anterior side of hind tibia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF416638FF83847A8CFBF8F7D985F8D0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" targetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF83847A8CFBF8F7D985F8D0" blockId="30.[151,1436,1809,1906]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF83847A8CFBF8F7DA6AF888" bold="true" box="[151,340,1809,1834]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURES 52–59.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF83847A8D36F8F7D915F88B" authorityName="Mariano &amp; Flowers (in Mariano, Flowers &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2011" box="[346,555,1809,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF83847A8D36F8F7D915F88B" box="[346,555,1809,1833]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Thraulodes sinuosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF416638FF82847B8CFBFB25DFDAFAA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736913" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3736913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736913/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" startId="31.[151,264,1219,1244]" targetBox="[154,1432,171,1193]" targetPageId="31">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF82847B8CFBFB25DFDAFAA2" blockId="31.[151,1436,1219,1280]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF82847B8CFBFB25DA6AFB7E" bold="true" box="[151,340,1219,1244]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">FIGURES 60–63.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D33FF82847B8D36FB22D915FB79" authorityName="Mariano &amp; Flowers (in Mariano, Flowers &amp; Froehlich" authorityYear="2011" box="[346,555,1220,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Thraulodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuosus">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF82847B8D36FB22D915FB79" box="[346,555,1220,1244]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Thraulodes sinuosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 60, genitalia of male imago in ventral view; 61, their subimaginal exuviae at the same magnification; 62, larval exuviae of protogonostyli and protopenis at the same magnification; 63, hind wing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF82847B8CABFAB4D82BF982" blockId="31.[151,1437,1361,2037]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Abdominal hypodermal coloration (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF82847B8E34FAB4D992FACE" box="[600,684,1361,1388]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
): Tergum I orange with brown. Terga II–VI mostly whitish, translu- cent, with brown band on posterior margin; terga IV–VI or III–VII with pair of small gray midway spots; tergum IV with pair of brown or orange median transverse spots; pleura with gray stigmatic dots. Tergum VII orange, tergum VIII anteriorly-medially orange and posteriorly-laterally white, terga XI–X orange. Abdominal sternum I looks brownish due to cuticular pigmentation (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF82847B8E34FA04D994FA5E" box="[600,682,1505,1532]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
), other sterna whitish. Caudalii mostly white, with black dot on each joining; larger and smaller dots alternated (as in
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF82847B8ED9F9E0D837F982" box="[693,777,1541,1568]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF82847B8CABF9CCDF1EF912" blockId="31.[151,1437,1361,2037]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF82847B8D51F9CCDA81F9E6" box="[317,447,1577,1604]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 54–55</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF82847B8DA7F9CCD928F9E7" box="[459,534,1578,1605]" captionStart="FIGURES 60–63" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1219,1244]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,171,1193]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1437,166,1199]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 60–63. Thraulodes sinuosus. 60, genitalia of male imago in ventral view; 61, their subimaginal exuviae at the same magnification; 62, larval exuviae of protogonostyli and protopenis at the same magnification; 63, hind wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736913/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">60–62</figureCitation>
): Styliger, gonostyli and penis light ocher. Dorsal extension of styliger wide and not separated from styliger. Penis lobes simplified, narrowed apically, without ventro-median ridges. Basal lobes (containing seminal pump) not separated from remainder penis. Telopenes short, sharply bent ventrally-proximally and curved, with groove shallow, widely opened and exposed ventrally-caudally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF82847B8CABF95FD81EF8E2" blockId="31.[151,1437,1361,2037]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF82847B8CABF95FDA53F976" bold="true" box="[199,365,1721,1748]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Female imago</emphasis>
(not reared) (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF82847B8E68F95CD9B8F976" box="[516,646,1721,1748]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 57–58</figureCitation>
). Coloration of thorax as in male, except for pronotum, which is brown with ocher margins (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF82847B8D11F938DAF1F95A" box="[381,463,1757,1784]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
) and median furcasternal impression, which has brown macula (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF82847B88F3F938DFCDF95A" box="[1183,1267,1757,1784]" captionStart="FIGURES 52–59" captionStartId="30.[151,264,1809,1834]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,166,1789]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 52–59. Thraulodes sinuosus. 52–53, male imago in dorsal and ventral view; 54, genitalia of male imago with focus on gonostyli; 55, the same, with focus on penis; 56, right half of subimaginal exuviae of mesonotum; 57–58, female imago in ventral and lateral view; 59, pterostigma of fore wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736911" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736911/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
). Coloration of head, wings, legs and caudalii as in male. Abdominal terga I–VII brown with ocher, tergum VIII anteriorly-medially brown and posteriorly-laterally white, terga IX–X orange.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF82847B8CABF8ACDAA7F80E" blockId="31.[151,1437,1361,2037]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF82847B8CABF8ACDA3FF8C6" bold="true" box="[199,257,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Eggs</emphasis>
(extracted from non-reared female imago) (
<figureCitation id="13052A35FF82847B8E92F8ACD8BAF8C6" box="[766,900,1865,1892]" captionStart="FIGURES 64–65" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1924,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1398,166,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1398,166,1905]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 64–65. Thraulodes sinuosus, eggs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3736915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3736915/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs 64–65</figureCitation>
). Mostly barrel-shaped. Each KTC surrounded by narrow, smooth, ring-like cover. Small protuberances located mostly close to these rings; other chorion nearly without protuberances.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF82847B8CABF853D8CBF872" blockId="31.[151,1437,1361,2037]" box="[199,1013,1973,2001]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF82847B8CABF853DA70F872" bold="true" box="[199,334,1973,2000]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Dimension.</emphasis>
Fore wing length (and approximate body length)
<quantity id="4CC69B55FF82847B8F10F850D8CFF872" box="[892,1009,1974,2000]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="6.7" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="6.35" valueMax="6.7" valueMin="6.0">6–6.7 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C324653BFF82847B8CABF83FDF8BF857" box="[199,1205,2009,2037]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8136B0FF82847B8CABF83FDF8BF857" blockId="31.[151,1437,1361,2037]" box="[199,1205,2009,2037]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF82847B8CABF83FDA5FF856" bold="true" box="[199,353,2009,2036]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3297620FF82847B8D0BF83CDADFF856" box="[359,481,2010,2036]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF82847B8D9CF83CD9ECF856" author="Mariano, R. &amp; Flowers, R. W. &amp; Froehlich, C. G." box="[496,722,2010,2036]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="387 - 393" refId="ref71295" refString="Mariano, R., Flowers, R. W. &amp; Froehlich, C. G. (2011) Four new species, a new synonymy and new record for Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae). Annales de Limnologie, 47, 387 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 2011044" type="journal article" year="2011">
Mariano
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF82847B8E34F83DD9B7F856" box="[600,649,2010,2036]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3297620FF82847B8E89F83CD800F856" box="[741,830,2010,2036]" name="Panama" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Panama</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B41FF82847B8F20F83CDF13F856" author="Mariano, R. &amp; Flowers, R. W. &amp; Froehlich, C. G." box="[844,1069,2010,2036]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="387 - 393" refId="ref71295" refString="Mariano, R., Flowers, R. W. &amp; Froehlich, C. G. (2011) Four new species, a new synonymy and new record for Thraulodes Ulmer 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae). Annales de Limnologie, 47, 387 - 393. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 2011044" type="journal article" year="2011">
Mariano
<emphasis id="B94AEAA2FF82847B8FD8F83DD8DBF856" box="[948,997,2010,2036]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
; this study).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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