452 lines
60 KiB
XML
452 lines
60 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="BE22572FD5EF2632CD1935E5A55706CB">A review of the tribe Noviini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian subcontinent</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="A7DB50EA4C391EB9B9517DB3BADB2FFE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8002D6717FB28DFCA6" authority="(Mulsant)" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant" box="[151,503,790,817]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexnotatus">
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<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8002D6717FB20EFCA7" bold="true" box="[151,372,790,817]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Novius sexnotatus</emphasis>
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(Mulsant)
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF8002D67153B25DFCC2" blockId="36.[151,503,790,852]" box="[151,295,826,852]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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(
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<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8002DE7153B265FCC2" box="[159,287,826,852]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 28" captionStart-1="FIGURE 29" captionStart-2="FIGURE 30" captionStartId-0="37.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionStartId-1="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionStartId-2="39.[151,250,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox-0="[154,1429,186,1523]" captionTargetBox-1="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,1764]" captionTargetId-0="figure-15@37.[151,1435,181,1549]" captionTargetId-1="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetId-2="figure-15@39.[151,1436,181,1764]" captionTargetPageId-0="37" captionTargetPageId-1="38" captionTargetPageId-2="39" captionText-0="FIGURE 28. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); b, c. variant from Tamil Nadu; d. prosternal intercoxal process; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, inner view; h. penis; i. penis apex." captionText-1="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." captionText-2="FIGURE 30. Life stages of Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–d. larva feeding on Icerya pilosa on sugarcane; e, moulting larva; f, g. full grown larva; h. mature larva feeding on Icerya pilosa; i. pupa; j. emerging adult; k, n. adult feeding on Icerya pilosa; l. teneral adult; m, o. adult beetle on sugarcane." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089993" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090002" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8089993/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8090002/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 28–30</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4A99C0A3EA4DFF8002D67116B0E6FBA6" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF8002D67116B750FC01" blockId="36.[151,1066,894,1072]" box="[151,1066,894,919]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF8002D67116B148FC01" author="Mulsant, E." box="[151,562,894,919]" page="807" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1850">
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<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8002D67116B148FC01" authority="Mulsant, 1850: 807" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityPageNumber="807" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,562,894,919]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Epilachna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexnotata">
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<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8002D67116B21DFC00" box="[151,359,895,919]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Epilachna sexnotata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF80032C7116B148FC01" author="Mulsant, E." box="[365,562,894,919]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 1104" refId="ref15229" refString="Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiees par la Societe nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxieme Serie, 2, 1 - 1104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8953" type="journal article" year="1850">Mulsant, 1850: 807</bibRefCitation>
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.-
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<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF80007D7116B05BFC01" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[572,801,895,919]" page="68" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1931">
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<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF80007D7116B05BFC01" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[572,801,895,919]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref14853" refString="Korschefsky, R. (1931) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 118. Coccinellidae I. W. Junk, Berlin, 224 pp." type="book" year="1931">Korschefsky 1931: 68</bibRefCitation>
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(as
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<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF80010D7116B766FC01" box="[844,1052,895,919]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">species incerta sedis</emphasis>
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).
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<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF8002D671F4B11BFC23" blockId="36.[151,1066,894,1072]" box="[151,609,925,949]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF8002D671F4B127FC23" author="Booth, R. G. & Pope, R. D." box="[151,605,925,949]" page="363" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1989">
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<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8002D671F4B127FC23" authority=": Booth & Pope 1989: 363" authorityName="Booth & Pope" authorityPageNumber="363" authorityYear="1989" box="[151,605,925,949]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Rodolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexnotata">
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<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8002D671F4B235FC23" box="[151,335,925,949]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Rodolia sexnotata</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF80031D71F4B127FC23" author="Booth, R. G. & Pope, R. D." box="[348,605,925,949]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="343 - 370" refId="ref13527" refString="Booth, R. G. & Pope, R. D. (1989) A review of the type material of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) described by F. W. Hope, and by E. Mulsant in the Hope Entomological Collections, Oxford. Entomologica Scandinavica, 20 (3), 343 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631289 X 00366" type="journal article" year="1989">Booth & Pope 1989: 363</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF8002D671D4B155FC42" blockId="36.[151,1066,894,1072]" box="[151,559,956,980]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF8002D671D4B150FC42" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3796046" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3796046" author="Pang, H. & Tang, X. F. & Booth, R. G. & Vandenberg, N. & Forrester, J. & McHugh, J. & Slipinski, A." box="[151,554,956,980]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EEFD2AFFB1FF92FCCF1D12D0D13FB3" page="20" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="2020">
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<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8002D671D4B150FC42" authority=": Pang et al. 2020: 20" authorityName="Pang" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,554,956,980]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexnotatus">
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<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8002D671D4B235FC42" box="[151,335,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Novius sexnotatus</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF80031D71D5B150FC42" author="Pang, H. & Tang, X. F. & Booth, R. G. & Vandenberg, N. & Forrester, J. & McHugh, J. & Slipinski, A." box="[348,554,956,980]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref15453" refString="Pang, H., Tang, X. F., Booth, R. G., Vandenberg, N., Forrester, J., McHugh, J. & Slipinski, A. (2020) Revision of the Australian Coccinellidae (Coleoptera). Genus Novius Mulsant of tribe Noviini. Annales Zoologici, 70 (1), 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00034541 ANZ 2020.70.1.001" type="journal article" year="2020">
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Pang
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<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8003D471D4B2B8FC42" box="[405,450,956,980]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
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. 2020: 20
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF8002D671B2B283FC65" blockId="36.[151,1066,894,1072]" box="[151,505,987,1011]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="2293B406EA4DFF8002D671B2B283FC65" box="[151,505,987,1011]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF8002D671B2B28EFC65" author="Crotch, G. R." box="[151,500,987,1011]" page="282" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1874">
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<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8002D671B2B28EFC65" authority="Crotch 1874: 282" authorityName="Crotch" authorityPageNumber="282" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,500,987,1011]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Vedalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerinii">
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<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8002D671B2B240FC64" box="[151,314,987,1011]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Vedalia guerinii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF80030171B2B28EFC65" author="Crotch, G. R." box="[320,500,987,1011]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref13972" refString="Crotch, G. R. (1874) A Revision of the Coleopterous Family Coccinellidae. E. W. Janson, London, xv + 311 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8975" type="book" year="1874">Crotch 1874: 282</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF8002D67190B77AFB87" blockId="36.[151,1066,894,1072]" box="[151,1024,1017,1041]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="2293B406EA4DFF8002D67190B77AFB87" box="[151,1024,1017,1041]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF8002D67190B143FB87" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[151,569,1017,1041]" page="101" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1931">
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<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8002D67190B143FB87" authority=": Korschefsky, 1931: 101" authorityName="Korschefsky" authorityPageNumber="101" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,569,1017,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Rodolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerinii">
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<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8002D67190B244FB87" box="[151,318,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Rodolia guerinii</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF80030A7190B143FB87" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[331,569,1017,1041]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref14853" refString="Korschefsky, R. (1931) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 118. Coccinellidae I. W. Junk, Berlin, 224 pp." type="book" year="1931">Korschefsky, 1931: 101</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.-Synonymised by
|
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<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF8000BA7190B081FB87" author="Booth, R. G. & Pope, R. D." box="[763,1019,1017,1041]" page="363" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1989">
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<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF8000BA7190B081FB87" author="Booth, R. G. & Pope, R. D." box="[763,1019,1017,1041]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="343 - 370" refId="ref13527" refString="Booth, R. G. & Pope, R. D. (1989) A review of the type material of Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) described by F. W. Hope, and by E. Mulsant in the Hope Entomological Collections, Oxford. Entomologica Scandinavica, 20 (3), 343 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631289 X 00366" type="journal article" year="1989">Booth & Pope 1989: 363</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF8002D67671B0E6FBA6" blockId="36.[151,1066,894,1072]" box="[151,924,1048,1072]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="2293B406EA4DFF8002D67671B0E6FBA6" box="[151,924,1048,1072]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF8002D67671B29AFBA6" author="Weise, J." box="[151,480,1048,1072]" page="120" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1912">
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<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8002D67671B29AFBA6" authority="Weise, 1912: 120" authorityName="Weise" authorityPageNumber="120" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,480,1048,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Rodolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immsi">
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<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8002D67671B251FBA6" box="[151,299,1048,1072]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Rodolia immsi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF8003707671B29AFBA6" author="Weise, J." box="[305,480,1048,1072]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="101 - 120" refId="ref16974" refString="Weise, J. (1912) Uber Hispien und Coccinelliden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 78, 101 - 120." type="journal article" year="1912">Weise, 1912: 120</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.-
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF8003A87671B1A5FBA6" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[489,735,1048,1072]" page="101" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1931">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF8003A87671B1A5FBA6" author="Korschefsky, R." box="[489,735,1048,1072]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref14853" refString="Korschefsky, R. (1931) Coleopterorum Catalogus. Pars 118. Coccinellidae I. W. Junk, Berlin, 224 pp." type="book" year="1931">Korschefsky 1931: 101</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8322B539EA4DFF8000A87671B0E2FBA6" author="Kapur, A. P." box="[745,920,1048,1072]" page="535" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1949">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF8000A87671B0E2FBA6" author="Kapur, A. P." box="[745,920,1048,1072]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="531 - 538" refId="ref14639" refString="Kapur, A. P. (1949) On the Indian species of Rodolia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 39, 531 - 538. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300022616" type="journal article" year="1949">Kapur 1949: 535</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4A99C0A3EA4DFF8002D67637B39CF902" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF8002D67637B10BF9DB" blockId="36.[151,1437,1118,1973]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8002D67637B268FBEE" bold="true" box="[151,274,1118,1144]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Length:
|
||
<quantity id="C57B3ECDEA4DFF80033D7637B29CFBEF" box="[380,486,1118,1145]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width:
|
||
<quantity id="C57B3ECDEA4DFF8000077637B1CAFBEF" box="[582,688,1118,1145]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Form (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF80014C7637B0F3FBEE" box="[781,905,1118,1144]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,186,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[151,1435,181,1549]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 28. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); b, c. variant from Tamil Nadu; d. prosternal intercoxal process; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, inner view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089993/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 28a–c</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8001D97637B0A6FBEE" box="[920,988,1118,1144]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">29a–c</figureCitation>
|
||
) broad oval to subovate, widest above middle of elytra, narrowed towards apex in posterior half, dorsum convex and densely pubescent. Ground colour bright carmine red or reddish brown. Pronotum with a pair of black spots on posterior margin, sometimes reduced or fused into a large transverse spot. Each elytron with three black spots, two below anterior margin, positioned above middle, sometimes fused to form a transverse macula, and one larger spot in the apical third. Abdominal postcoxal line complete, somewhat more deeply semicircular compared to other congeners (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF80065F777BB7FAFABA" box="[1054,1152,1298,1324]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,186,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[151,1435,181,1549]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 28. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); b, c. variant from Tamil Nadu; d. prosternal intercoxal process; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, inner view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089993/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 28e</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8006CB777BB7AAFABA" box="[1162,1232,1298,1324]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">29d, e</figureCitation>
|
||
); posterior margin of abdominal ventrite 5 broadly emarginate and that of ventrite 6 apically weakly produced and broadly arcuate in female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8002B37733B22AFAE2" box="[242,336,1370,1396]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 29f</figureCitation>
|
||
), ventrite 6 medially deeply emarginate in male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8001317733B0A8FAE2" box="[880,978,1370,1396]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 29d</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8006D57733B66AFAE2" box="[1172,1296,1370,1396]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,186,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[151,1435,181,1549]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 28. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); b, c. variant from Tamil Nadu; d. prosternal intercoxal process; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, inner view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089993/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 28f–h</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF80075A7733B626FAE2" box="[1307,1372,1370,1396]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<quantity id="C57B3ECDEA4DFF80075A7733B63FFAE2" box="[1307,1349,1370,1396]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.9" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="g" value="29.0">29g</quantity>
|
||
–i
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) with penis guide of tegmen in inner view parallel-sided up to middle, narrowed thereafter, apical one–fifth more abruptly narrowed to a tubular apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8003A277CBB131FA2A" box="[483,587,1442,1468]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,186,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[151,1435,181,1549]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 28. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); b, c. variant from Tamil Nadu; d. prosternal intercoxal process; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, inner view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089993/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Figs
|
||
<quantity id="C57B3ECDEA4DFF80005E77CBB131FA2A" box="[543,587,1442,1468]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.8" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="g" value="28.0">28g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF80001A77CBB1F2FA2A" box="[603,648,1442,1468]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">29h</figureCitation>
|
||
), apex obliquely arrow-head shaped in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8006AF77CBB628FA2A" box="[1262,1362,1442,1468]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,186,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[151,1435,181,1549]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 28. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); b, c. variant from Tamil Nadu; d. prosternal intercoxal process; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, inner view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089993/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 28f</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF80072077CBB6F5FA2A" box="[1377,1423,1442,1468]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<quantity id="C57B3ECDEA4DFF80072077CBB6F5FA2A" box="[1377,1423,1442,1468]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.9" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="g" value="29.0">29g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
); parameres distinctly longer than penis guide and apically narrowed, with short hairs on inner margin and apices; penis almost uniformly slender (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8003BD7783B11AF992" box="[508,608,1514,1540]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,186,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[151,1435,181,1549]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 28. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); b, c. variant from Tamil Nadu; d. prosternal intercoxal process; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, inner view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089993/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Figs 28h</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF80002A7783B1E8F992" box="[619,658,1514,1540]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">29i</figureCitation>
|
||
), apically modified as illustrated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8006487783B719F992" box="[1033,1123,1514,1540]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[154,1429,186,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[151,1435,181,1549]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 28. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); b, c. variant from Tamil Nadu; d. prosternal intercoxal process; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, inner view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089993/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 28i</figureCitation>
|
||
). Female genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF80077D7783B6EEF992" box="[1340,1428,1514,1540]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 29j</figureCitation>
|
||
) as illustrated, spermatheca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8003957467B14CF9BE" box="[468,566,1550,1576]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-21@38.[226,1362,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 29. Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 29k</figureCitation>
|
||
) almost globular without well differentiated nodulus and ramus, sperm duct distinctly broader than in other congeners.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF800286743FB39CF902" blockId="36.[151,1437,1118,1973]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF800286743FB2ECF9E6" bold="true" box="[199,406,1622,1648]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Immature stages.</emphasis>
|
||
Larva fleshy, fusiform, dull red to dark reddish brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF800648743FB7FDF9E6" box="[1033,1159,1622,1648]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-15@39.[151,1436,181,1764]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 30. Life stages of Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–d. larva feeding on Icerya pilosa on sugarcane; e, moulting larva; f, g. full grown larva; h. mature larva feeding on Icerya pilosa; i. pupa; j. emerging adult; k, n. adult feeding on Icerya pilosa; l. teneral adult; m, o. adult beetle on sugarcane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090002/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 30a–h</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pupa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9AB88FADEA4DFF8006A0743FB641F9E6" box="[1249,1339,1622,1648]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="39.[151,250,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-15@39.[151,1436,181,1764]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURE 30. Life stages of Novius sexnotatus (Mulsant): a–d. larva feeding on Icerya pilosa on sugarcane; e, moulting larva; f, g. full grown larva; h. mature larva feeding on Icerya pilosa; i. pupa; j. emerging adult; k, n. adult feeding on Icerya pilosa; l. teneral adult; m, o. adult beetle on sugarcane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090002/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 30i</figureCitation>
|
||
) reddish brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4A99C0A3EA4DFF80028674F7B10CF94A" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF80028674F7B10CF94A" blockId="36.[151,1437,1118,1973]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF80028674F7B2CEF92E" bold="true" box="[199,436,1694,1720]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B2EB9975EA4DFF8003FE74F7B108F94A" collectingDate="2022-03" collectionCode="NRCB" collectorName="R. Thanigairaj" country="India" location="Karur Dist." municipality="Veerachipatti" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="10" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA4DFF8003FE74F7B169F92E" box="[447,531,1694,1720]" name="India" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4DFF80006174F7B1D7F92E" box="[544,685,1694,1720]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="E2580952EA4DFF8000FA74F7B028F92E" box="[699,850,1694,1720]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Veerachipatti</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="075CC5F3EA4DFF80012174F6B09FF92E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8A2A223EEA4DFF8C02D6717FB615FE3A:075CC5F3EA4DFF80012174F6B09FF92E" box="[864,997,1694,1721]" country="India" municipality="Veerachipatti" name="Karur Dist." pageId="36" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Tamil Nadu">Karur Dist.</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="763DB5E8EA4DFF8001B574F7B737F92E" box="[1012,1101,1694,1720]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2022-03">
|
||
<collectingDate id="66794C00EA4DFF8001B574F7B737F92E" box="[1012,1101,1694,1720]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2022-03">iii.2022</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, feeding
|
||
<collectedFrom id="B19FD0D5EA4DFF8006FA74F6B60CF92E" box="[1211,1398,1694,1721]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8006A374F6B60CF92E" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1896" box="[1250,1398,1694,1721]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">Icerya pilosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
on sugarcane,
|
||
<collectorName id="AF76F6FEEA4DFF80035474AAB2C3F94A" box="[277,441,1730,1757]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">R. Thanigairaj</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="148558A1EA4DFF80038574ABB173F94B" box="[452,521,1730,1757]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">10 ex.</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="64920BEDEA4DFF80005974ABB110F94A" box="[536,618,1730,1756]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">NRCB</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4A99C0A3EA4DFF8C0286748FB615FE3A" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF800286748FB0BCF8B2" blockId="36.[151,1437,1118,1973]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF800286748FB21BF896" bold="true" box="[199,353,1766,1792]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA4DFF800326748FB2DBF896" box="[359,417,1766,1792]" name="India" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4DFF8003EF748FB15CF896" box="[430,550,1766,1792]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4DFF800071748FB194F896" box="[560,750,1766,1792]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4DFF8000B6748FB0FEF896" box="[759,900,1766,1792]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4DFF8001CE748EB751F896" box="[911,1067,1766,1793]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4DFF800675748FB7C0F896" box="[1076,1210,1766,1792]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4DFF800684748FB663F896" box="[1221,1305,1766,1792]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Shivaliks);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA4DFF8002D67563B380F8B2" box="[151,250,1802,1828]" name="Pakistan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA4DFF8003447563B223F8B2" box="[261,345,1802,1828]" name="Bhutan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA4DFF8003247563B2D2F8B2" box="[357,424,1802,1828]" name="Nepal" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Canepari 2003);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA4DFF8000357562B18DF8B3" box="[628,759,1803,1829]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Rao & So 1967).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4DFF8002867547B2EEF822" blockId="36.[151,1437,1118,1973]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8002867547B299F8DE" bold="true" box="[199,483,1838,1864]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Prey/associated habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8003A87546B024F8DE" authority="(Westwood)" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[489,862,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seychellarum">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8003A87546B1B6F8DE" box="[489,716,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Icerya seychellarum</emphasis>
|
||
(Westwood)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8001297546B73FF8DE" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1896" box="[872,1093,1838,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8001297546B080F8DE" box="[872,1018,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Icerya pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
Green
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on sugarcane and wild grasses (label data). An important natural enemy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF8000D5753BB0AEF8FA" authority="(Green)" baseAuthorityName="Green" box="[660,980,1874,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Drosicha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stebbingii">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF8000D5753BB009F8FA" box="[660,883,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Drosicha stebbingii</emphasis>
|
||
(Green)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in sal (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4DFF80066F753BB7A0F8FA" box="[1070,1242,1874,1900]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipterocarpaceae" genus="Shorea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4DFF80066F753BB7A0F8FA" box="[1070,1242,1874,1900]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Shorea robusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) forests of north
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA4DFF8002D6751FB3ABF806" box="[151,209,1910,1936]" name="India" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4DFF80029E751FB20CF806" author="Beeson, C. F. C." box="[223,374,1910,1936]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref13455" refString="Beeson, C. F. C. (1941) The ecology and control of the forest insects of India and the neighbouring countries. Bishen Singh- Mahendrapal Singh, Dehradun, 1007 pp." type="book" year="1941">Beeson 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All the specimens examined from South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA4DFF800111751FB0F0F806" box="[848,906,1910,1936]" name="India" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4DFF8001D6751FB764F806" box="[919,1054,1910,1936]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4DFF800615751FB7B3F806" box="[1108,1225,1910,1936]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
) were collected on sugarcane (label data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="56FCC3A0EA4CFF8102D6744CB6EDF9F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089993" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8089993" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089993/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" startId="37.[151,250,1573,1597]" targetBox="[154,1429,186,1523]" targetPageId="37" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4CFF8102D6744CB6EDF9F7" blockId="37.[151,1436,1573,1634]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4CFF8102D6744CB264F9AB" bold="true" box="[151,286,1573,1597]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 28.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4CFF810362744FB13CF9AB" authority="(Mulsant)" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant" box="[291,582,1573,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexnotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4CFF810362744FB2A3F9AB" box="[291,473,1574,1597]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Novius sexnotatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Mulsant)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a. adult, dorsal view (BMNH); b, c. variant from Tamil Nadu; d. prosternal intercoxal process; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f–i. male genitalia: f. tegmen, lateral view; g. tegmen, inner view; h. penis; i. penis apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4CFF81028674DAB1F5F883" blockId="37.[151,1437,1715,1958]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4CFF81028674DAB20CF958" author="Stebbing, E. P." box="[199,374,1715,1742]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="47 - 62" refId="ref16420" refString="Stebbing, E. P. (1903) Coleoptera 2. Notes upon the known predaceous Coccinellidae of the Indian region, Part I. Indian Museum Notes, VI (1), 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1903">Stebbing (1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4CFF8103C374DDB2C1F958" author="Stebbing, E. P." box="[386,443,1716,1742]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref16459" refString="Stebbing, E. P. (1914) Indian forest insects of economic importance. Coleoptera. Eyre and Spottiswoode, Ltd., London, 648 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9203" type="book" year="1914">1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) described the life stages and illustrated the adult with brief notes on its biology and his illustrations seem to match
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4CFF81038A74B1B1F8F967" box="[459,642,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexmaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4CFF81038A74B1B1F8F967" box="[459,642,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">N. sexmaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
more accurately than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4CFF81013B74B1B76BF967" box="[890,1041,1752,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexnotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4CFF81013B74B1B76BF967" box="[890,1041,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">N. sexnotatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see notes under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4CFF81069574B1B6F6F967" box="[1236,1420,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexmaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4CFF81069574B1B6F6F967" box="[1236,1420,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">N. sexmaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4CFF8102D67495B241F880" author="Beeson, C. F. C." box="[151,315,1788,1814]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref13455" refString="Beeson, C. F. C. (1941) The ecology and control of the forest insects of India and the neighbouring countries. Bishen Singh- Mahendrapal Singh, Dehradun, 1007 pp." type="book" year="1941">Beeson (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided notes on its biology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4CFF8102867576B748F833" blockId="37.[151,1437,1715,1958]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA4CFF8102867576B2D4F8AF" author="Venkatraman, T. V." box="[199,430,1823,1849]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="524 - 528" refId="ref16731" refString="Venkatraman, T. V. (1946) A new pest of sugarcane in India - Icerya pilosa nardi Green (Coccidae). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 46 (3), 524 - 528." type="journal article" year="1946">Venkatraman (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded it (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4CFF8100217576B068F8AF" box="[608,786,1823,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Rodolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerini">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4CFF8100217576B068F8AF" box="[608,786,1823,1849]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Rodolia guerini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as a predator of all stages of the sugarcane scale,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4CFF8107147549B217F8C8" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pilosa" subSpecies="nardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4CFF8107147549B25AF8CB" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Icerya pilosa nardi</emphasis>
|
||
Green
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4CFF8103CE752DB10FF8C8" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1896" box="[399,629,1859,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4CFF8103CE752DB159F8CB" box="[399,547,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Icerya pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
Green
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). He described the feeding behavior of the larvae as follows: “(…) the grubs rupture the dorsum of the nymphs with their large mandibles and feed on the body contents” and “in the case of older nymphs, as many as 3 to 4 grubs were found to attack a single specimen”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="56FCC3A0EA4FFF8202D675F1B267F86E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8089998" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8089998" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8089998/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" startId="38.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[227,1362,181,1916]" targetPageId="38" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4FFF8202D675F1B267F86E" blockId="38.[151,1437,1944,2040]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4FFF8202D675F1B25CF826" bold="true" box="[151,294,1944,1968]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 29.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4FFF82037375F0B11EF826" authority="(Mulsant)" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant" box="[306,612,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexnotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4FFF82037375F0B28AF826" box="[306,496,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Novius sexnotatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Mulsant)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a–c. adult, dorsal view; d. abdomen, male; e. abdominal postcoxal line; f. apical ventrites, female; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, lateral view; h. tegmen, inner view; i. penis; j. female genitalia; k. spermatheca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="56FCC3A0EA4EFF8302D67495B11EF8CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8090002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8090002/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[151,250,1788,1812]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1764]" targetPageId="39" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4EFF8302D67495B11EF8CB" blockId="39.[151,1436,1788,1885]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4EFF8302D67495B25BF882" bold="true" box="[151,289,1788,1812]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 30.</emphasis>
|
||
Life stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4EFF8303F87494B19AF882" authority="(Mulsant)" baseAuthorityName="Mulsant" box="[441,736,1788,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexnotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4EFF8303F87494B10BF882" box="[441,625,1789,1812]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Novius sexnotatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Mulsant)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a–d. larva feeding on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4EFF8301897494B734F882" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1896" box="[968,1102,1788,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4EFF8301897494B734F882" box="[968,1102,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Icerya pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on sugarcane; e, moulting larva; f, g. full grown larva; h. mature larva feeding on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4EFF8300C47548B073F8AE" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1896" box="[645,777,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4EFF8300C47548B073F8AE" box="[645,777,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Icerya pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; i. pupa; j. emerging adult; k, n. adult feeding on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA4EFF8306BC7548B6F8F8AE" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1896" box="[1277,1410,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Icerya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4EFF8306BC7548B6F8F8AE" box="[1277,1410,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Icerya pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; l. teneral adult; m, o. adult beetle on sugarcane.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4EFF83028675C7B6E6F85E" blockId="39.[151,1436,1966,2028]" box="[199,1436,1966,1993]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA4EFF83028675C7B2B8F85F" bold="true" box="[199,450,1966,1993]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Very active in April–May in north
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA4EFF83011475C7B0E8F85E" box="[853,914,1966,1992]" name="India" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Collected during March–April (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4EFF83074575C7B6EAF85E" box="[1284,1424,1966,1992]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
),
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA4EFF8302D675BBB2D8F87A" blockId="39.[151,1436,1966,2028]" box="[151,418,2002,2028]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
November (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C0475DCAEA4EFF83035D75BBB2ECF87A" box="[284,406,2002,2028]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA41FF8C028672FEB774FF43" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C028672FEB2FEFF27" bold="true" box="[199,388,151,177]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Natural enemy.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA41FF8C03CE72FEB103FF27" author="Venkatraman, T. V." box="[399,633,151,177]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="524 - 528" refId="ref16731" refString="Venkatraman, T. V. (1946) A new pest of sugarcane in India - Icerya pilosa nardi Green (Coccidae). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 46 (3), 524 - 528." type="journal article" year="1946">Venkatraman (1946)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that ‘the grubs were heavily parasitized by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA41FF8C074C72FEB20CFF43" authority="(Dalman)" baseAuthorityName="Dalman" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Homalotylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaminius">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C074C72FEB385FF43" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Homalotylus flaminius</emphasis>
|
||
(Dalman)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, reducing their efficacy in controlling the sugarcane scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA41FF8C028672B6B24AFEF3" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C028672B6B26BFF6F" bold="true" box="[199,273,223,249]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA41FF8C035972B6B299FF6E" box="[280,483,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexnotatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C035972B6B299FF6E" box="[280,483,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Novius sexnotatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described from South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA41FF8C01CA72B6B0BFFF6F" box="[907,965,223,249]" name="India" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
but appears to have a wide distribution in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA41FF8C02D6736AB3ABFE8B" box="[151,209,259,285]" name="India" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the specimens from South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA41FF8C0072736AB117FE8B" box="[563,621,259,285]" name="India" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
are generally smaller than those from north and north-eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7A94D3B8EA41FF8C0768736AB61CFE8B" box="[1321,1382,259,285]" name="India" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The specimens from the north-eastern region appear to be slightly different but their genitalia could not be studied for confirmation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="023C9328EA41FF8C02867306B615FE3A" blockId="40.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6612EED9EA41FF8C02867306B21BFE1F" author="Kapur, A. P." box="[199,353,367,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="531 - 538" refId="ref14639" refString="Kapur, A. P. (1949) On the Indian species of Rodolia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 39, 531 - 538. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300022616" type="journal article" year="1949">Kapur (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erroneously synonymised
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA41FF8C00D57306B034FE1F" box="[660,846,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexmaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C00D57306B034FE1F" box="[660,846,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. sexmaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA41FF8C01D37306B77CFE1E" box="[914,1030,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Rodolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerini">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C01D37306B77CFE1E" box="[914,1030,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. guerini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see notes under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA41FF8C06937306B6F6FE1F" box="[1234,1420,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexmaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C06937306B6F6FE1F" box="[1234,1420,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. sexmaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Variants of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA41FF8C035973FAB2F0FE3A" box="[280,394,403,428]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Rodolia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guerini">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C035973FAB2F0FE3A" box="[280,394,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. guerini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with larger elytral maculae also resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C583E8ABEA41FF8C012573FAB7DCFE3B" authority="(Mader)" baseAuthorityName="Mader" box="[868,1190,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Novius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrimaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C012573FAB739FE3B" box="[868,1091,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">N. quadrimaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Mader)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="30F74F3AEA41FF8C069C73FBB615FE3A" box="[1245,1391,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">6-maculatus.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |