254 lines
46 KiB
XML
254 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="BA009A00A9387B41E6F7941825005131" ID-CLB-Dataset="8837" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4908.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="65624457-9eba-46fa-93dc-dfadc60cb618" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4438304" ID-ZooBank="BEE08FC0-68C2-469D-BDEA-4F1D9843012E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610615188102" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shear, William A." docDate="2021" docId="7670A27AFF85FFD4FF69E86DD90F4F21" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4908.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4908 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amplaria Chamberlin 1941" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="208" masterDocId="8A49DA02FF87FFD7FFFEE902DB294D40" masterDocTitle="The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893. II. New records and species of the genus Amplaria Chamberlin, 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea)" masterLastPageNumber="224" masterPageNumber="205" pageNumber="207" updateTime="1698924432405" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="054010FBD00DEC0641A3C673CFAF0392">The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893. II. New records and species of the genus Amplaria Chamberlin, 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="306EC59B3AB23BA2E81DCCE9DD1F6DB2">Shear, William A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="74250668C9CF57ACCB217E2049BFADCF">Professor Emeritus, Department of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney VA 23943 USA; current address: 1950 Price Drive, Farmville VA 23901 USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="60108F84368D99F80B410312F7F20C1F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0035A7D85330B757B538A1AC293D2ADB">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="7670A27AFF85FFD4FF69E86DD90F4F21" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4448007" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177006404" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4448007" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7670A27AFF85FFD4FF69E86DD90F4F21" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7670A27AFF85FFD4FF69E86DD90F4F21" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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<subSubSection id="B6C340E7FF85FFD5FF69E86DD9794CC9" box="[151,592,367,394]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FE66136CFF85FFD5FF69E86DD9794CC9" blockId="2.[151,592,367,394]" box="[151,592,367,394]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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<heading id="A52EA400FF85FFD5FF69E86DD9794CC9" bold="true" box="[151,592,367,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FF69E86DD9794CC9" bold="true" box="[151,592,367,394]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FF10E86DD9624CC9" ID-CoL="92b2dc45-6066-4927-933c-34ecc524d130" authority="Chamberlin, 1941" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[238,587,367,394]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FF10E86DDA494CCA" bold="true" box="[238,352,367,394]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FE96E86DD9624CC9" author="Chamberlin, R. V." box="[360,587,367,393]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="3 - 23" refId="ref8495" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1941) New western millipeds. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31 (2), Biological, Series 6, 3 - 23." type="book chapter" year="1941">Chamberlin, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B6C340E7FF85FFD5FF69E8B6DFD54FB5" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="FE66136CFF85FFD5FF69E8B6D8154CAA" blockId="2.[151,1437,436,613]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FF69E8B6DAC54C8C" ID-CoL="92b2dc45-6066-4927-933c-34ecc524d130" authority="Chamberlin, 1941, p. 9" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,492,436,460]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FF69E8B6DBDE4C8C" box="[151,247,436,460]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FF00E8B6DA914C8C" author="Chamberlin, R. V." box="[254,440,436,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="3 - 23" refId="ref8495" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1941) New western millipeds. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31 (2), Biological, Series 6, 3 - 23." type="book chapter" year="1941">Chamberlin, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 9
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FE06E8B6D9A94C8B" box="[504,640,436,459]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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||
<typeStatus id="2162ADCEFF85FFD5FE06E8B6D90E4C8B" box="[504,551,436,459]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FD78E8B6D8D94C8C" ID-CoL="D7JB" authority="Chamberlin, 1941" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[646,1008,436,460]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FD78E8B6D8184C8B" box="[646,817,436,460]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria eutypa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FCC6E8B6D8D94C8C" author="Chamberlin, R. V." box="[824,1008,436,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="3 - 23" refId="ref8495" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1941) New western millipeds. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31 (2), Biological, Series 6, 3 - 23." type="book chapter" year="1941">Chamberlin, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(by monotypy).
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<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FB62E8B6DE574C8C" author="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K." box="[1180,1406,436,460]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="23 - 39" refId="ref8722" refString="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K. (2007) Revalidation of the millipede genus Amplaria Chamberlin 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae) and description of two new species from caves in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California. Zootaxa, 1532 (1), 23 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1532.1.2" type="journal article" year="2007">Shear & Krejca, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 25.
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<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FF13E8D0D9334CAA" author="Shear, W. A. & Nosler, P. & Marek, P. E." box="[237,538,466,490]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="233 - 240" refId="ref8794" refString="Shear, W. A., Nosler, P. & Marek, P. E. (2017) The identity of Amplaria nazinta (Chamberlin, 1910): a century-old millipede mystery resolved (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae). Zootaxa, 4311 (2), 233 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4311.2.4" type="journal article" year="2017">Shear, Nosler & Marek, 2017</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 234.
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<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FD8FE8D0D9C24CAA" author="Shear, W. A." box="[625,747,466,490]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="275 - 295" refId="ref8645" refString="Shear, W. A. (2020) The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893: I. Introduction to the family, synonymy of Vaferaria Causey with Amplaria Chamberlin, the new subfamily Trisariinae, the new genus Trisaria, and three new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea). Zootaxa, 4758 (2), 275 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4758.2.4" type="journal article" year="2020">Shear, 2020</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 282.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="FE66136CFF85FFD5FF69E8F3DA5F4F68" blockId="2.[151,1437,436,613]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FF69E8F3DACA4F49" ID-CoL="d5cb1cdd-9101-4fc3-b3b2-2090076946f5" authority="Causey, 1960, p. 26" authorityName="Causey" authorityPageNumber="26" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,483,497,521]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Speostriaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FF69E8F3DA3D4F48" box="[151,276,497,520]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Speostriaria</emphasis>
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Causey, 1960, p. 26
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FE12E8F0D95A4F49" box="[492,627,498,521]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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||
<typeStatus id="2162ADCEFF85FFD5FE12E8F0D9324F49" box="[492,539,498,521]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Type</typeStatus>
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||
species:
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FD87E8F3D88E4F49" ID-CoL="71d0f5ee-01cb-415e-9e61-ed5f13a95cd3" authority="Causey, 1958" authorityName="Causey" authorityYear="1958" box="[633,935,497,521]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shastae">
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FD87E8F3D8304F49" box="[633,793,497,521]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Striaria shastae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FCE1E8F3D88E4F49" author="Causey, N. B." box="[799,935,497,521]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="179 - 184" refId="ref8405" refString="Causey, N. B. (1958) New records and descriptions of a new genus and a new species of millipeds of the family Striariidae (Chordeumida). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 71, 179 - 184." type="journal article" year="1958">Causey, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(by original designation). Synonymized by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FA9DE8F3DA584F68" author="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K." pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="23 - 39" refId="ref8722" refString="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K. (2007) Revalidation of the millipede genus Amplaria Chamberlin 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae) and description of two new species from caves in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California. Zootaxa, 1532 (1), 23 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1532.1.2" type="journal article" year="2007">Shear & Krejca (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FE66136CFF85FFD5FF69EB2CDA224F25" blockId="2.[151,1437,436,613]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FF69EB2CDAFB4F06" authority="Causey, 1958, p. 180" authorityName="Causey" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,466,558,582]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Vaferaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FF69EB2CDBDE4F06" box="[151,247,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Vaferaria</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FF03EB2CDAAE4F06" author="Causey, N. B." box="[253,391,558,582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="179 - 184" refId="ref8405" refString="Causey, N. B. (1958) New records and descriptions of a new genus and a new species of millipeds of the family Striariidae (Chordeumida). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 71, 179 - 184." type="journal article" year="1958">Causey, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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||
, p. 180
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FE25EB2DD94B4F06" box="[475,610,559,582]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
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||
<typeStatus id="2162ADCEFF85FFD5FE25EB2DD9234F06" box="[475,522,559,582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Type</typeStatus>
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||
species:
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FD96EB2DD88E4F06" ID-CoL="7Z6RC" authority="Loomis, 1936" authorityName="Loomis" authorityYear="1936" box="[616,935,558,582]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imberbis">
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||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FD96EB2DD83C4F06" box="[616,789,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Striaria imberbis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FCE5EB2CD88E4F06" author="Loomis, H. F." box="[795,935,558,582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="404 - 409" refId="ref8614" refString="Loomis, H. F. (1936) New millipeds of the American family Striariidae. Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 26, 404 - 409." type="journal article" year="1936">Loomis, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(by original designation). Synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FA9DEB2CDA224F25" author="Shear, W. A." pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="275 - 295" refId="ref8645" refString="Shear, W. A. (2020) The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893: I. Introduction to the family, synonymy of Vaferaria Causey with Amplaria Chamberlin, the new subfamily Trisariinae, the new genus Trisaria, and three new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea). Zootaxa, 4758 (2), 275 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4758.2.4" type="journal article" year="2020">Shear (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="FE66136CFF85FFD5FF69EB91DFD54FB5" blockId="2.[151,1437,659,2018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FF69EB91DA7D4FED" box="[151,340,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Included species</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FE9AEB91D83C4FED" ID-CoL="D7JC" authority="(Chamberlin, 1910)" baseAuthorityName="Chamberlin" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[356,789,659,685]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nazinta">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FE9AEB91D9034FED" box="[356,554,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria nazinta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FDC5EB91D8244FED" author="Chamberlin, R. V." box="[571,781,659,685]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="233 - 262" refId="ref8450" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1910) Diplopoda from the western states. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 3, 233 - 262, pls. XXX-XLIII. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 3.4.233" type="journal article" year="1910">Chamberlin, 1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FCDDEB91DF904FED" ID-CoL="D7JB" authority="Chamberlin, 1941" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[803,1209,659,685]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FCDDEB91D8C84FED" box="[803,993,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria eutypa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FC14EB91DF904FED" author="Chamberlin, R. V." box="[1002,1209,659,685]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="3 - 23" refId="ref8495" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1941) New western millipeds. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31 (2), Biological, Series 6, 3 - 23." type="book chapter" year="1941">Chamberlin, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FB39EB91DA614F92" ID-CoL="846LC" authority="(Loomis, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Loomis" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imberbis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FB39EB91DEB54FED" box="[1223,1436,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria imberbis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FF61EBB5DA684F92" author="Loomis, H. F." box="[159,321,695,722]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="404 - 409" refId="ref8614" refString="Loomis, H. F. (1936) New millipeds of the American family Striariidae. Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 26, 404 - 409." type="journal article" year="1936">Loomis, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FEABEBB5D9DE4F92" ID-CoL="846LB" authority="(Chamberlin, 1953)" baseAuthorityName="Chamberlin" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[341,759,695,722]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldora">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FEABEBB5D9264F91" box="[341,527,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria eldora</emphasis>
|
||
(Chamberlin, 1953)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FCFDEBB5DF544F92" ID-CoL="846LF" authority="(Causey, 1960)" baseAuthorityName="Causey" baseAuthorityYear="1960" box="[771,1149,695,722]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shastae">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FCFDEBB5D8E04F91" box="[771,969,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria shastae</emphasis>
|
||
(Causey, 1960)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FB77EBB5DA024FB5" ID-CoL="846LD" authority="Shear & Krejca, 2007" authorityName="Shear & Krejca" authorityYear="2007" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiri">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FB77EBB5DE114F91" box="[1161,1336,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria muiri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FAC1EBB5DA024FB5" author="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K." pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="23 - 39" refId="ref8722" refString="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K. (2007) Revalidation of the millipede genus Amplaria Chamberlin 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae) and description of two new species from caves in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California. Zootaxa, 1532 (1), 23 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1532.1.2" type="journal article" year="2007">Shear & Krejca, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FE9BEBD9D80C4FB5" ID-CoL="846L9" authority="Shear & Krejca, 2007" authorityName="Shear & Krejca" authorityYear="2007" box="[357,805,731,757]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adamsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FE9BEBD9D90E4FB5" box="[357,551,731,757]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria adamsi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FDD0EBD9D80C4FB5" author="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K." box="[558,805,731,757]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="23 - 39" refId="ref8722" refString="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K. (2007) Revalidation of the millipede genus Amplaria Chamberlin 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae) and description of two new species from caves in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California. Zootaxa, 1532 (1), 23 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1532.1.2" type="journal article" year="2007">Shear & Krejca, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the ten new species described below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B6C340E7FF85FFD4FF39EBFDD90F4F21" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="FE66136CFF85FFD5FF39EBFDD8AD48A9" blockId="2.[151,1437,659,2018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FF39EBFDD9B74E59" box="[199,670,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Secondary sexual characters of the males</emphasis>
|
||
: The characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FC84EBFDD8CD4E59" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[890,996,767,793]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FC84EBFDD8CD4E59" box="[890,996,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been discussed in some detail by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FF69EA21DA874E7D" author="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K." box="[151,430,803,829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="23 - 39" refId="ref8722" refString="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K. (2007) Revalidation of the millipede genus Amplaria Chamberlin 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae) and description of two new species from caves in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California. Zootaxa, 1532 (1), 23 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1532.1.2" type="journal article" year="2007">Shear and Krejca (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FE19EA21D9544E7D" author="Shear, W. A." box="[487,637,803,829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="275 - 295" refId="ref8645" refString="Shear, W. A. (2020) The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893: I. Introduction to the family, synonymy of Vaferaria Causey with Amplaria Chamberlin, the new subfamily Trisariinae, the new genus Trisaria, and three new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea). Zootaxa, 4758 (2), 275 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4758.2.4" type="journal article" year="2020">Shear (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Most of the taxonomically useful characters are to be found, as usual in millipedes, in the secondary sexual modifications of the males, including the gonopods and ninth legs. Such characters are of variable occurrence from species to species and hence useful in diagnosing new taxa. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FF69EA8DDA284EE9" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,257,911,937]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FF69EA8DDA284EE9" box="[151,257,911,937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may or may not have pronounced hooks or sinuate spines at the lateral corners of the labrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FAB8EA8DDEBF4EE9" box="[1350,1430,911,937]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="6.[151,210,1477,1501]" captionTargetBox="[155,1436,167,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[151,1436,166,1461]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGS. 8–10. Amplaria fontinalis. Fig.8. Head and first 3 rings of male, ventral view. Fig. 9. Left gonopod, mesal view. Fig. 10. Gonopod tips, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438311/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FF69EAB1DB9F4E8E" box="[151,182,947,974]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="9.[151,210,1563,1587]" captionTargetBox="[296,1292,182,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[296,1292,181,1539]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGS. 14–19. Amplaria rykkenae, A. arcata. Fig. 14. Amplaria rykkenae, posterior end of male, dorsal view. Figs. 15–19. A. arcata. Fig. 15. Left side of head and first two legpairs of male, anterior view. Fig. 16. Tarsus of legpair 1, lateral view. Fig. 17. Special setae of tarsus 1. Fig. 18. Second and third legpair of male, ventral view. Fig. 19. Pygidium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438317/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">15</figureCitation>
|
||
; mistakenly referred to as the mentum in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FD6EEAB1D8BE4E8D" author="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K." box="[656,919,946,973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="23 - 39" refId="ref8722" refString="Shear, W. A. & Krejca, J. K. (2007) Revalidation of the millipede genus Amplaria Chamberlin 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae) and description of two new species from caves in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California. Zootaxa, 1532 (1), 23 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1532.1.2" type="journal article" year="2007">Shear & Krejca [2007]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The mandibular stipes is sometimes angular distally and with a sawtooth posterior edge. The collum in males is both longer and broader than in females. The first legpair may be much larger than the second or about the same size, and some of its podomeres may bear long, needle-like setae, or highly modified twisted, spatulate ones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FCB2ED1DD8FF4979" box="[844,982,1055,1081]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="9.[151,210,1563,1587]" captionTargetBox="[296,1292,182,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[296,1292,181,1539]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGS. 14–19. Amplaria rykkenae, A. arcata. Fig. 14. Amplaria rykkenae, posterior end of male, dorsal view. Figs. 15–19. A. arcata. Fig. 15. Left side of head and first two legpairs of male, anterior view. Fig. 16. Tarsus of legpair 1, lateral view. Fig. 17. Special setae of tarsus 1. Fig. 18. Second and third legpair of male, ventral view. Fig. 19. Pygidium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438317/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Figs. 16, 17</figureCitation>
|
||
; sometimes both
|
||
<typeStatus id="2162ADCEFF85FFD5FB65ED22DFFF497A" box="[1179,1238,1056,1082]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">types</typeStatus>
|
||
are present). The second legpair carries the openings of the vasa deferentia on the coxae as short, extensible, membranous tubes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FA91ED41DB9F49C1" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="15.[151,210,1541,1565]" captionTargetBox="[275,1312,309,1516]" captionTargetId="figure-51@15.[275,1312,309,1518]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGS. 37–40. Amplaria umatilla, A. cervus. Figs. 37. Amplaria umatilla, right gonopod, mesal view. Figs. 38–40. A. cervus. Fig. 38. Right gonopod, mesal view. Fig. 39. Legpair 9 of male, anterior view. Fig. 40. Right second coxa and trochanter, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438327" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438327/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the trochanters have variously developed distal knobs with specialized setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FBA6ED65DF8549C1" box="[1112,1196,1127,1153]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="14.[151,210,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[266,1323,273,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-64@14.[264,1323,273,1769]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGS. 32–36. Amplaria staceyi, A. umatilla. Figs. 32–34. Amplaria staceyi. Fig. 32. Apophysis of left leg 2 of male, ventral view. Fig. 33. Left gonopod of male, lateral view. Fig. 34. Right gonopod of male, mesal view. Figs. 35, 36. A. umatilla. Fig. 35. Second and third legpair of male, ventral view. Fig. 36. Gonopod complex, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438325/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
); the trochanters may be fused to the coxae and the coxae themselves fused bilaterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FC8EED89D89D49E6" box="[880,948,1163,1190]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="5.[151,210,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGS. 5–7. Amplaria crawfordi, A. fontinalis. Figs. 5, 6. Amplaria crawfordi. Fig. 5. Gonopods, anterior view. Fig. 6. Legpairs 2 and 3, ventral view. Fig. 7. A. fontinalis, left gonopod, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438309/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The telopodites of the second legpair may be shorter and more slender than those of the first pair, or subequal to them. The third legpair has much enlarged coxae, extended into flask-like structures (
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FD8CEDD6D9BD49AD" box="[626,660,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">i.e.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FD5CEDD1D9DA49AD" box="[674,755,1235,1261]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="10.[151,210,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox="[265,1322,166,1428]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[265,1322,166,1431]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGS. 20–24. Amplaria arcata. Fig. 20. Posterior end of male, lateral view. Fig. 21. Legpair 3 of male, anterior view. Fig. 22. Gonopod complex, ventral view. Fig. 23. Special setae of legpair 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
), the tips of which have specialized curled setae and insert at rest into the openings of the vasa deferentia on the second coxae or are held in front of the male’s “face”; the flasks may be large and tightly appressed to one another in the midline (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FC79EC19D8E44876" box="[903,973,1307,1334]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="5.[151,210,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGS. 5–7. Amplaria crawfordi, A. fontinalis. Figs. 5, 6. Amplaria crawfordi. Fig. 5. Gonopods, anterior view. Fig. 6. Legpairs 2 and 3, ventral view. Fig. 7. A. fontinalis, left gonopod, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438309/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), or small, well separated and divergent; the telopodites are usually reduced and the prefemora may be modified with a distoventral lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FB34EC3DDE27481A" box="[1226,1294,1343,1370]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="5.[151,210,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[179,1408,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGS. 5–7. Amplaria crawfordi, A. fontinalis. Figs. 5, 6. Amplaria crawfordi. Fig. 5. Gonopods, anterior view. Fig. 6. Legpairs 2 and 3, ventral view. Fig. 7. A. fontinalis, left gonopod, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438309/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Behind the third coxae, prominent bars extend on either side from the third pleurotergite, supporting the third coxae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FAC5EC61DEA6483D" box="[1339,1423,1379,1405]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="8.[151,210,1352,1376]" captionTargetBox="[296,1291,181,1327]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[296,1291,181,1329]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGS. 11–13. Amplaria rykkenae. Fig. 11. Gonopods, anterior view. Fig. 12. Gonopod tips, anterior view. Fig. 13. Legpair 9, anterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438313/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). The coxae of the fourth and fifth legpairs may have a deep, distal depression and be covered in long, fine setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FA91EC85DB9F4885" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="16.[151,210,1820,1844]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,707,1795]" captionTargetId="figure-219@16.[264,1323,705,1797]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGS. 41–44. Amplaria menocino, A. flucticulus. Fig. 41. Amplaria mendocino, legpairs 2–4 of male, ventral view. FIGS. 42–44. A. flucticulus. Fig. 42. Head, collum and rings 2–6, dorsolateral view. Fig. 43. Legpairs 2 and 3 of male, lateral view. Fig. 44. Right gonopod, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438329/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
). The fourth, fifth and sixth legpairs are enlarged, with flattened podomeres, as are the seventh legs, which in addition have enlarged coxae that cover the bases of the gonopods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE66136CFF85FFD5FF39ECF1D9924A4A" blockId="2.[151,1437,659,2018]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
|
||
The characteristic gonopods are described and illustrated in detail in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9A486E9DFF85FFD5FC1FECF1DF5C4B4D" author="Shear, W. A." box="[993,1141,1523,1549]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" pagination="275 - 295" refId="ref8645" refString="Shear, W. A. (2020) The millipede family Striariidae Bollman, 1893: I. Introduction to the family, synonymy of Vaferaria Causey with Amplaria Chamberlin, the new subfamily Trisariinae, the new genus Trisaria, and three new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striarioidea). Zootaxa, 4758 (2), 275 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4758.2.4" type="journal article" year="2020">Shear (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and in this paper. Fundamentally, each gonopod consists of two prominent angiocoxites (anterior and posterior), a flagellocoxite, and a twolobed colpocoxite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FE92EF39DADD4B16" box="[364,500,1595,1622]" captionStart-0="FIGS" captionStart-1="FIGS" captionStartId-0="17.[151,210,1640,1664]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,210,1748,1772]" captionTargetBox-0="[294,1292,185,1610]" captionTargetBox-1="[300,1283,786,1715]" captionTargetId-0="figure-15@17.[290,1298,181,1616]" captionTargetId-1="figure-251@18.[294,1293,777,1725]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionText-0="FIGS. 45–54. Drawings of gonopods of Amplaria species. Fig. 45. Left gonopod of A. nazinta, lateral view. Fig. 46. Tip of anterior angiocoxite of A. nazinta gonopod, lateral view. Fig. 47. Right gonopod of A. crawfordi, mesal view. Fig. 48. Tip of anterior angiocoxite of A. crawfordi, lateral view. Fig. 49. Right gonopod of A. fontinalis, mesal view. FIG. 50. Tip of anterior angiocoxite of A. fontalis, posteriolateral view. Fig. 51. Right gonopod of A. rykkenae, mesal view. Fig. 52. Right gonopod of A. rykkenae, lateral view. Fig. 53. Right gonopod of A. baughi, lateral view. Fig. 54. Right gonopod of A. umatilla, lateral view." captionText-1="FIGS. 55–59. Drawings of gonopods of Amplaria species. Fig. 55. Right gonopod of A. umatilla, mesal view. Fig. 56. Right gonopod of A. cervus, mesal view. Fig. 57. Right gonopod of A. mendocino, mesal view. Fig. 58. Right gonopod of A. flucticulus, lateral view. Fig. 59. Right gonopod of A. flucticulus, mesal view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438333" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438335" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4438333/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4438335/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Figs. 45–57</figureCitation>
|
||
). The ninth sternite is broad and bowl-shaped, accommodating the resting gonopods. The ninth legpair (
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FE9AEF62DAAE4B39" box="[356,391,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">i.e.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FE6DEF5DDAFD4B39" box="[403,468,1631,1657]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,210,1751,1775]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,630,1722]" captionTargetId="figure-237@3.[177,1411,630,1725]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGS. 1–4. Amplaria nazinta, A. crawfordi. Figs. 1–3. Amplaria nazinta. Fig. 1. Rings 8 and 9, lateral view. Fig. 2. Gonopods, anterior view. Fig. 3. Legpair 9, anterior view. Fig. 4. A. crawfordi, right leg 9, anterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438307/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), often incorrectly referred to as “posterior gonopods,” are strongly reduced and consist only of a coxa, which may have a short apophysis at the mediodistal margin; a small, probably vestigial coxal gland pore; and a flattened single-articled telopodite which loosely articulates with the ventral edge of the seventh pleurotergite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FEFAEFC9DA7E4BA6" box="[260,343,1739,1766]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="14.[151,210,1793,1817]" captionTargetBox="[266,1323,273,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-64@14.[264,1323,273,1769]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGS. 32–36. Amplaria staceyi, A. umatilla. Figs. 32–34. Amplaria staceyi. Fig. 32. Apophysis of left leg 2 of male, ventral view. Fig. 33. Left gonopod of male, lateral view. Fig. 34. Right gonopod of male, mesal view. Figs. 35, 36. A. umatilla. Fig. 35. Second and third legpair of male, ventral view. Fig. 36. Gonopod complex, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438325" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438325/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
). The telopodite may have a long, finger-like mesal extension (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FBEFEFC9DF7C4BA5" box="[1041,1109,1739,1765]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="3.[151,210,1751,1775]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,630,1722]" captionTargetId="figure-237@3.[177,1411,630,1725]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGS. 1–4. Amplaria nazinta, A. crawfordi. Figs. 1–3. Amplaria nazinta. Fig. 1. Rings 8 and 9, lateral view. Fig. 2. Gonopods, anterior view. Fig. 3. Legpair 9, anterior view. Fig. 4. A. crawfordi, right leg 9, anterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438307/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The tenth legpair resembles subsequent pairs but has large coxal gland pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE66136CFF85FFD4FF39EE11D97C4C25" blockId="2.[151,1437,659,2018]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,609]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FF39EE11DAED4A6D" box="[199,452,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Nonsexual characters:</emphasis>
|
||
The number of ommatidia varies between species from none to about 15. The ommatidia are of irregular shape and size and usually poorly pigmented. Evidently unique to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF85FFD5FBD1EE35DFB04A11" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[1071,1177,1847,1873]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF85FFD5FBD1EE35DFB04A11" box="[1071,1177,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Amplaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a specially modified
|
||
<typeStatus id="2162ADCEFF85FFD5FF69EE5EDBEE4A36" box="[151,199,1884,1910]" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of seta found on the legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FE0EEE59D96C4A35" box="[496,581,1883,1909]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="10.[151,210,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox="[265,1322,166,1428]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[265,1322,166,1431]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGS. 20–24. Amplaria arcata. Fig. 20. Posterior end of male, lateral view. Fig. 21. Legpair 3 of male, anterior view. Fig. 22. Gonopod complex, ventral view. Fig. 23. Special setae of legpair 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Progressing distally on any leg, these setae transition gradually to ordinary ones. A character that has previously been overlooked affects the terminal segment, or pygidium. In several species, the pygidium is elongated and flattened (
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FD93EEA1D9E44AFD" box="[621,717,1955,1981]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="9.[151,210,1563,1587]" captionTargetBox="[296,1292,182,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-15@9.[296,1292,181,1539]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGS. 14–19. Amplaria rykkenae, A. arcata. Fig. 14. Amplaria rykkenae, posterior end of male, dorsal view. Figs. 15–19. A. arcata. Fig. 15. Left side of head and first two legpairs of male, anterior view. Fig. 16. Tarsus of legpair 1, lateral view. Fig. 17. Special setae of tarsus 1. Fig. 18. Second and third legpair of male, ventral view. Fig. 19. Pygidium, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438317" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438317/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">Figs. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="66E20FE9FF85FFD5FD25EEA1D9D14AFD" box="[731,760,1955,1981]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="10.[151,210,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox="[265,1322,166,1428]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[265,1322,166,1431]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGS. 20–24. Amplaria arcata. Fig. 20. Posterior end of male, lateral view. Fig. 21. Legpair 3 of male, anterior view. Fig. 22. Gonopod complex, ventral view. Fig. 23. Special setae of legpair 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4438319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4438319/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="207">20</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the notches between the three characteristic lobes are much deeper than in other species. The degree to which this is the case varies from species to species. The waxy coating, or cerotegument, is obvious in many of the SEM images presented here, as it cracks and partially flakes off during handling. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF84FFD4FE07E9B9D94A4D95" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[505,611,187,213]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF84FFD4FE07E9B9D94A4D95" box="[505,611,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Amplaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species may be white to uniformly pale tan, or with four purplish-brown spots evenly spaced across each ring, two near the pleurotergal ventral edge on each side and two dorsally, on either side of the median sulcus. Seen from above, the dorsal spots blend into what appear to be two continual dark stripes on a light background (the “two-striped” pattern). In those species darkly pigmented, the collum and pygidium are sometimes a strongly contrasting white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FE66136CFF84FFD4FF39E86DD90F4F21" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,609]" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF84FFD4FF39E86DDA474CC8" box="[199,366,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Species groups</emphasis>
|
||
: The distribution of the characters briefly listed above and the unique forms they take in some of the new species, initially suggested to me that perhaps as many as three new genera could be named and described. However, due to the few and scattered records, implying the existence of additional species and the relatively uniform gonopod plan, I decided only to designate three species groups in addition to the “classic”
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39D968EFFF84FFD4FB24E8D9DE6D4CB5" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[1242,1348,475,501]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CCADCF7EFF84FFD4FB24E8D9DE6D4CB5" box="[1242,1348,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">Amplaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species obviously close to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="2162ADCEFF84FFD4FE6CE8FDDAEB4F59" box="[402,450,511,537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="208">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(which I have left ungrouped). When more collecting has been done and we know more about the full range of species now in the genus, and genetic data perhaps becomes available, these species groups may be elevated to separate genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |