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<mods:title id="54378F644057181564F624014098463A">Morphology and systematic position of Cingula tumidula G. O. Sars, 1878 (Gastropoda: Rissoidae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB69269FF25F9077D7BF935" bold="true" box="[151,547,1761,1787]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">Pusillina (Vicinirissoa) tumidula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FD80F9077DAEF935" author="Sars" box="[562,758,1761,1787]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Sars, G. O. (1878) Mollusca regionis arcticae Norvegiae. Oversigt over de I Norges arktiskes region forekommende Bloddyr. Bidrag til kundskaben on Norges arktiske fauna. Trukt Hos AW Brogger, Cristiania, 466 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 42224" type="book" year="1878">G.O. Sars, 1878</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB69269FF25F8E27D91F8D7" blockId="0.[151,1436,1761,1993]" box="[151,713,1796,1817]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
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<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB69269FF25F8E27D50F8D7" ID-CoL="5Z7T4" authority="G.O. Sars 1878: 174" authorityName="G.O. Sars" authorityPageNumber="174" authorityYear="1878" box="[151,520,1796,1817]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB69269FF25F8E27E67F8D7" box="[151,319,1796,1817]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">Cingula tumidula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FEF7F8E27E82F8D7" author="Sars" box="[325,474,1796,1817]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Sars, G. O. (1878) Mollusca regionis arcticae Norvegiae. Oversigt over de I Norges arktiskes region forekommende Bloddyr. Bidrag til kundskaben on Norges arktiske fauna. Trukt Hos AW Brogger, Cristiania, 466 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 42224" type="book" year="1878">G.O. Sars 1878</bibRefCitation>
: 174
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–175, Tab 10, fig. 2.
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<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB69269FF25F8C77E4EF8F8" box="[151,278,1825,1846]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">Rissoa griegi</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7F1F6D48FFB69269FEAEF8C77EE5F8F8" author="Friele" box="[284,445,1825,1846]" page="274" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" year="1879">
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: 274
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB69269FF25F8D87DA1F89D" blockId="0.[151,1436,1761,1993]" box="[151,761,1854,1875]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEAE6C77FFB69269FF25F8D87DA1F89D" box="[151,761,1854,1875]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB69269FF25F8D87E61F89D" box="[151,313,1854,1875]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB69269FF25F8D87FBCF89D" ID-CoL="7NSXN" box="[151,228,1854,1875]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Cingula</taxonomicName>
griegi—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7F1F6D48FFB69269FE8BF8D87E89F89D" author="Waren" box="[313,465,1854,1875]" page="11" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FE8BF8D87EE8F89D" author="Waren" box="[313,432,1854,1875]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Waren, A. (1973) Revision of the Rissoidae from the Norwegian North Atlantic expedition 1876 - 78. Sarsia, 53, 1 - 16. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1973.10411241" type="journal article" year="1973">Warén 1973</bibRefCitation>
: 11
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 18–19. 
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<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FDFCF8D87D9EF89D" author="Waren" box="[590,710,1854,1875]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Waren, A. (1974) Revision of the Arctic-Atlantic Rissoidae (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia). Zoologica Scripta, 3, 121 - 135. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1974. tb 00810. x" type="journal article" year="1974">Warén 1974</bibRefCitation>
: 125
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB69269FF25F8BA7DDCF8BF" blockId="0.[151,1436,1761,1993]" box="[151,644,1884,1905]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEAE6C77FFB69269FF25F8BA7DDCF8BF" box="[151,644,1884,1905]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB69269FF25F8BA7D57F8BF" authority="Golikov 1987: 82" authorityName="Golikov" authorityPageNumber="82" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,527,1884,1905]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Punctullum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minutum">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB69269FF25F8BA7E07F8BF" box="[151,351,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">Punctullum minutum</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7F1F6D48FFB69269FED7F8BA7D57F8BF" author="Golikov" box="[357,527,1884,1905]" page="82" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FED7F8BA7EB6F8BF" author="Golikov" box="[357,494,1884,1905]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Golikov, A. N. (1987) Classis Gastropoda (part.). In: Starobogatov, Ya. I. &amp; Naumov, A. D. (Eds.), Molluscs of the White Sea. Nauka, Leningrad, 41 - 148 [In Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1987">Golikov 1987</bibRefCitation>
: 82
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–83, fig. 34.
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<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB69269FF25F89F7DE5F865" blockId="0.[151,1436,1761,1993]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
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<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB69269FF25F89F7E3CF840" box="[151,356,1913,1934]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB69269FF25F89F7FACF840" ID-CoL="7PB3S" box="[151,244,1913,1934]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Obtusella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Obtusella</taxonomicName>
tumidula—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7F1F6D48FFB69269FED6F89F7EA6F840" author="Waren" box="[356,510,1913,1934]" page="11" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" year="1989">
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FED6F89F7E84F840" author="Waren" box="[356,476,1913,1934]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Waren, A. (1989) New and little known Mollusca from Iceland. Sarsia, 74, 1 - 28. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1989.10413419" type="journal article" year="1989">Warén 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 11
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 8 C–D, F– 
<treatmentCitation id="7F1F6D48FFB69269FD2AF89F7C01F840" author="Waren" box="[664,857,1913,1934]" page="215" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FD2AF89F7C72F840" author="Waren" box="[664,810,1913,1934]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Waren, A. (1996) New and little known Mollusca from Iceland and Scandinavia. Part. 3. Sarsia, 81, 197 - 245. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1996.10413622" type="journal article" year="1996">G. Warén 1996</bibRefCitation>
: 215
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 12 D. 
<treatmentCitation id="7F1F6D48FFB69269FC74F89F7BD3F840" author="Sneli" box="[966,1163,1913,1934]" page="52" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FC74F89F7B3EF840" author="Sneli" box="[966,1126,1913,1934]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Sneli J. - A., Shiotte, T., Jensen, K. R., Wikander, P. B., Stokland, O. &amp; Sorensen, J. (2005) Marine Mollusca of the Faroes. Annales Societatis Scientiarium Faeroensis, supplement 32, 1 - 190." type="journal article" year="2005">
Sneli 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB69269FC4FF89F7B7FF840" box="[1021,1063,1913,1934]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
: 52
</treatmentCitation>
. Kantor &amp; 
<treatmentCitation id="7F1F6D48FFB69269FB47F89F7ACFF840" author="Sysoev" box="[1269,1431,1913,1934]" page="71" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FB47F89F7A2CF840" author="Sysoev" box="[1269,1396,1913,1934]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Kantor, Yu. I. &amp; Sysoev, A. V. (2006) Marine and brackish water Gastropoda of Russia and adjacent countries: an illustrated catalogue. KMK Scientific Press Ltd, Moscow, 371 pp., 140 plates." type="book" year="2006">Sysoev 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 71
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 34 
<treatmentCitation id="7F1F6D48FFB69269FEB9F8707E8FF865" author="Hoisaeter" box="[267,471,1942,1963]" page="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FEB9F8707EEEF865" author="Hoisaeter" box="[267,438,1942,1963]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Hoisaeter, T. (2009) Distribution of marine, benthic shell bearing gastropods along the Norwegian coast. Fauna Norvegica, 28, 5 - 106. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5324 / fn. v 28 i 0.563" type="journal article" year="2009">G. Høisaeter 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 43
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–44. 
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<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FDB5F8707DCEF865" author="Nekhaev" box="[519,662,1942,1963]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Nekhaev, I. O. (2014) Marine shell-bearing Gastropoda of Murman (Barents Sea): an annotated check-list. Ruthenica, 24, 75 - 121." type="journal article" year="2014">Nekhaev 2014</bibRefCitation>
: 89
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB69269FF25F8527D71F807" blockId="0.[151,1436,1761,1993]" box="[151,553,1972,1993]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DEAE6C77FFB69269FF25F8527D71F807" box="[151,553,1972,1993]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB69269FF25F8527E6FF807" box="[151,311,1972,1993]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB69269FF25F8527F9FF807" ID-CoL="7PGNP" box="[151,199,1972,1993]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Setia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Setia</taxonomicName>
tumidula—
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7F1F6D48FFB69269FE85F8527D7DF807" author="Golikov" box="[311,549,1972,1993]" page="105" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB69269FE85F8527EAEF807" author="Golikov" box="[311,502,1972,1993]" pageId="0" pageNumber="395" refString="Golikov, A. N., Sirenko, B. I. &amp; Chaban E. M. (2001) Class Gastropoda. Subclass Pectinibranchia. In: Sirenko, B. I. (Ed.), List of species of free-living invertebrates of Eurasian and Arctic seas and adjacent deep waters. Explorations of the fauna of the seas, 51 (59), 104 - 108." type="journal article" year="2001">
Golikov 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB69269FE3EF8527EEEF807" box="[396,438,1972,1993]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="395">et al</emphasis>
. 2001
</bibRefCitation>
: 105
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="AAC11BD1FFB79268FF25F9E47C01F943" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164807/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" targetBox="[151,1436,194,1513]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB79268FF25F9E47C01F943" blockId="1.[151,1436,1538,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FF25F9E47E54F9D6" bold="true" box="[151,268,1538,1560]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Shells of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FED9F9E47D43F9D9" box="[363,539,1538,1559]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FED9F9E47D43F9D9" box="[363,539,1538,1559]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Pusillina tumidula</emphasis>
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. 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FD95F9E47D67F9D6" bold="true" box="[551,575,1538,1560]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">A.</emphasis>
Barents Sea, Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay, 59 m, 69°07.92'N, 36°05.45'E, MMBI, no number; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FF25F9F97FF5F9FB" bold="true" box="[151,173,1567,1589]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">B.</emphasis>
Barents Sea, Malaya Sharkovka Bay, 27 m, 69°12.57'N, 34°54.31'E, MMBI, no number; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FB96F9F97B63F9FB" bold="true" box="[1060,1083,1567,1589]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">C.</emphasis>
Eastern Barents Sea (Pechora Sea), 17.5 m, 69°15.61'N, 57°22.76'E, MMBI, no number; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FD03F9DB7DB0F99D" bold="true" box="[689,744,1597,1619]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">D, E.</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FCC0F9DB7B46F99C" box="[882,1054,1597,1618]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FCC0F9DB7B46F99C" box="[882,1054,1597,1618]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Cingula tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMO D659; E. after Sars (1878); 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FA3BF9DB7AC1F99D" bold="true" box="[1417,1433,1597,1619]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">F.</emphasis>
specimen from the type sample of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FE40F9BC7DE5F9A1" box="[498,701,1626,1647]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Punctulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minutuim">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FE40F9BC7DE5F9A1" box="[498,701,1626,1647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Punctulum minutuim</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
labeled as “paratype”, ZIN 35667/2; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FB86F9BC7B1FF9BE" bold="true" box="[1076,1095,1626,1648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">G.</emphasis>
Lectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FB6AF9BC7A01F9A1" box="[1240,1369,1626,1647]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Rissoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="griegi">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FB6AF9BC7A01F9A1" box="[1240,1369,1626,1647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rissoa griegi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMB 20857; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FF6DF9917FA0F943" bold="true" box="[223,248,1655,1677]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">H.</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FEC5F99E7D61F943" box="[375,569,1656,1677]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Punctulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minutum">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FEC5F99E7D61F943" box="[375,569,1656,1677]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Punctulum minutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ZIN 35666/1. Scale = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B6A418D2FFB7926BFF25F9557ED5FBDF" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB79268FF25F9557EECF89A" blockId="1.[151,1436,1714,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FF25F9557E18F904" bold="true" box="[151,320,1715,1738]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Type material.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FEF8F9547D51F904" box="[330,521,1714,1738]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FEF8F9547D51F904" box="[330,521,1714,1738]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Cingula tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: holotype (
<figureCitation id="668557DCFFB79268FD38F9557D92F904" box="[650,714,1715,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1513]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,194,1514]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Shells of Pusillina tumidula. A. Barents Sea, Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay, 59 m, 69 ° 07.92 ' N, 36 ° 05.45 ' E, MMBI, no number; B. Barents Sea, Malaya Sharkovka Bay, 27 m, 69 ° 12.57 ' N, 34 ° 54.31 ' E, MMBI, no number; C. Eastern Barents Sea (Pechora Sea), 17.5 m, 69 ° 15.61 ' N, 57 ° 22.76 ' E, MMBI, no number; D, E. Holotype of Cingula tumidula, ZMO D 659; E. after Sars (1878); F. specimen from the type sample of Punctulum minutuim labeled as “ paratype ”, ZIN 35667 / 2; G. Lectotype of Rissoa griegi, ZMB 20857; H. Holotype of Punctulum minutum, ZIN 35666 / 1. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164807/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
D), ZMO D659, single dried specimen damaged by acidic glass; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FF25F9327E13F922" box="[151,331,1748,1772]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FF25F9327FB5F922" box="[151,237,1748,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Cingula</taxonomicName>
griegi—
</emphasis>
lectotype (
<figureCitation id="668557DCFFB79268FE0FF9337EA1F922" box="[445,505,1749,1772]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1513]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,194,1514]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Shells of Pusillina tumidula. A. Barents Sea, Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay, 59 m, 69 ° 07.92 ' N, 36 ° 05.45 ' E, MMBI, no number; B. Barents Sea, Malaya Sharkovka Bay, 27 m, 69 ° 12.57 ' N, 34 ° 54.31 ' E, MMBI, no number; C. Eastern Barents Sea (Pechora Sea), 17.5 m, 69 ° 15.61 ' N, 57 ° 22.76 ' E, MMBI, no number; D, E. Holotype of Cingula tumidula, ZMO D 659; E. after Sars (1878); F. specimen from the type sample of Punctulum minutuim labeled as “ paratype ”, ZIN 35667 / 2; G. Lectotype of Rissoa griegi, ZMB 20857; H. Holotype of Punctulum minutum, ZIN 35666 / 1. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164807/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
G) designated by 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB79268FD0EF9337C08F922" author="Waren" box="[700,848,1749,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" refString="Waren, A. (1973) Revision of the Rissoidae from the Norwegian North Atlantic expedition 1876 - 78. Sarsia, 53, 1 - 16. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1973.10411241" type="journal article" year="1973">Warén (1973)</bibRefCitation>
and two paralectotypes, all with number ZMB 20857; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FF25F9117ED7F8C1" box="[151,399,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Punctullum minutum—</emphasis>
holotype (
<figureCitation id="668557DCFFB79268FE4FF91E7D62F8C1" box="[509,570,1784,1807]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1513]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,194,1514]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Shells of Pusillina tumidula. A. Barents Sea, Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay, 59 m, 69 ° 07.92 ' N, 36 ° 05.45 ' E, MMBI, no number; B. Barents Sea, Malaya Sharkovka Bay, 27 m, 69 ° 12.57 ' N, 34 ° 54.31 ' E, MMBI, no number; C. Eastern Barents Sea (Pechora Sea), 17.5 m, 69 ° 15.61 ' N, 57 ° 22.76 ' E, MMBI, no number; D, E. Holotype of Cingula tumidula, ZMO D 659; E. after Sars (1878); F. specimen from the type sample of Punctulum minutuim labeled as “ paratype ”, ZIN 35667 / 2; G. Lectotype of Rissoa griegi, ZMB 20857; H. Holotype of Punctulum minutum, ZIN 35666 / 1. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164807/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
H), ZIN 35666/1 and 81 specimens labeled as “paratypes” (1♀ dissected), ZIN 35667/2, however the paratypes are not mentioned in the original description and therefore these specimens cannot be included in the type series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB79268FF75F8867B64F854" blockId="1.[151,1436,1714,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<materialsCitation id="4ED64104FFB79268FF75F8867E9BF854" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324639647" country="Norway" elevation="2438" latitude="77.96667" location="Vardo" longLatPrecision="945" longitude="5.1666665" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FF75F8867E2DF8B9" bold="true" box="[199,373,1888,1911]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<typeStatus id="2105F5FBFFB79268FF75F8867FA7F8B9" box="[199,255,1888,1911]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Type</typeStatus>
localities.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FE33F8B97D1AF8B9" box="[385,578,1887,1911]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FE33F8B97D1AF8B9" box="[385,578,1887,1911]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Cingula tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: littoral zone at 
<location id="FB611D82FFB79268FCBAF8867C13F8B9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB79268FCBAF8867C13F8B9" box="[776,843,1888,1911]" country="Norway" latitude="77.96667" longLatPrecision="945" longitude="5.1666665" name="Vardo" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Vardø</location>
, Northern 
<collectingCountry id="86A90BC9FFB79268FC75F8867B78F8B9" box="[967,1056,1888,1911]" name="Norway" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Norway</collectingCountry>
; 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FB82F8867A67F8B9" authority="Voringen" authorityName="Voringen" box="[1072,1343,1888,1911]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Rissoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="griegi">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FB82F8867B9CF8B9" box="[1072,1220,1888,1911]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Rissoa griegi</emphasis>
: Vöringen
</taxonomicName>
, st. 353 (
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB79268FF2DF8657FA2F854" box="[159,250,1923,1946]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="925" value="77.96667">77°58'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB79268FEB7F8657E05F854" box="[261,349,1923,1946]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="925" value="5.1666665">05°10'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB79268FED5F8657EE3F854" box="[359,443,1923,1946]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.438" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="m" value="2438.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB79268FED5F8657EE3F854" box="[359,443,1923,1946]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.438" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="m" value="2438.0">2438 m</quantity>
</elevation>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="4ED64104FFB79268FE7DF8647B60F854" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324639649" box="[463,1080,1922,1946]" country="Norway" elevation="50" location="Punctullum" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FE7DF8647D12F854" box="[463,586,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<location id="FB611D82FFB79268FE7DF8647D12F854" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB79268FE7DF8647D12F854" box="[463,586,1922,1946]" country="Norway" name="Punctullum" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Punctullum</location>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB79268FDE3F8657CACF854" authority="White Sea, Kandalaksha Bay" authorityName="White Sea, Kandalaksha Bay" box="[593,1012,1923,1946]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Punctulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minutum">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FDE3F8657DF6F854" box="[593,686,1923,1946]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">minutum</emphasis>
: White Sea, Kandalaksha Bay
</taxonomicName>
, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB79268FC4CF8657B60F854" box="[1022,1080,1923,1946]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="m" value="50.0">
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB79268FC4CF8657B60F854" box="[1022,1080,1923,1946]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="generic">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB79268FC4CF8657B60F854" box="[1022,1080,1923,1946]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
</specimenCount>
</elevation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB7926BFF75F8437FADFDC7" blockId="1.[151,1436,1714,2016]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<materialsCitation id="4ED64104FFB79268FF75F8437C39F811" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324639646" collectingDate="2012-09-20" collectionCode="MMBI" county="Malaya Sharkovka Bay" elevation="27" latitude="69.2095" location="Other" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="34.905167" municipality="Southwestern Barents Sea" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB79268FF75F8437EA9F872" bold="true" box="[199,497,1957,1980]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">
<location id="FB611D82FFB79268FF75F8437E53F872" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB79268FF75F8437E53F872" box="[199,267,1957,1980]" county="Malaya Sharkovka Bay" latitude="69.2095" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="34.905167" municipality="Southwestern Barents Sea" name="Other" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Other</location>
examined material:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="1E65D123FFB79268FE4BF8437C4EF872" box="[505,790,1957,1980]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Southwestern Barents Sea</collectingMunicipality>
: 
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB79268FC93F8437C1BF872" box="[801,835,1957,1980]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(dissected), 
<collectingCounty id="176033D5FFB79268FC7EF8437B92F872" box="[972,1226,1957,1980]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Malaya Sharkovka Bay</collectingCounty>
, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB79268FB64F8437A57F872" box="[1238,1295,1957,1980]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="m" value="27.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB79268FB64F8437A57F872" box="[1238,1295,1957,1980]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB79268FAAEF8437ACFF872" box="[1308,1431,1957,1980]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="9" value="69.2095">69°12.57'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB79268FF25F82E7E48F811" box="[151,272,1992,2015]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" precision="9" value="34.905167">34°54.31'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB79268FE90F82E7E9EF811" box="[290,454,1992,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="2012-09-20">
<date id="8A006D99FFB79268FE90F82E7E9EF811" box="[290,454,1992,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" value="2012-09-20">20 Sept. 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
, MS VIKING-2, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB79268FD37F82E7D8AF811" box="[645,722,1992,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="4ED64104FFB7926BFCC0F8217FADFDC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1324639648" collectingDate="1926-06-08" collectingDateMax="2012-09-20" collectingDateMin="1926-06-08" collectionCode="MMBI, DALNIE, ZELENTSY, BUJNITSKIY, PERSEY, ZIN, SEDOV" collectorName="NE Kara Sea" county="White Sea" elevation="25" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="397" latitude="66.333336" location="Bolshaya Sharkovka Bay" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="51.434334" municipality="Franz Joseph Land" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="3">
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB79268FCC0F8217CCCF811" box="[882,916,1991,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(dissected), 
<location id="FB611D82FFB79268FB9BF8217A1EF82E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB79268FB9BF8217A1EF82E" box="[1065,1350,1991,2016]" county="White Sea" latitude="66.333336" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="51.434334" municipality="Franz Joseph Land" name="Bolshaya Sharkovka Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="396">Bolshaya Sharkovka Bay</location>
, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB79268FAEAF8217ACFF811" box="[1368,1431,1991,2015]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="m" value="25.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB79268FAEAF8217ACFF811" box="[1368,1431,1991,2015]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="396" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFF25FF7E7E4AFF61" box="[151,274,152,175]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="69.20983">69°12.59'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFE92FF7E7EC0FF61" box="[288,408,152,175]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="34.940834">34°56.45'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFE17FF7E7D18FF61" box="[421,576,152,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2012-09-20">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFE17FF7E7D18FF61" box="[421,576,152,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2012-09-20">20 Sept. 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
, MS VIKING-2, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFD5DFF7E7C64FF61" box="[751,828,152,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number; 1 spc, 
<location id="FB611D82FFB4926BFBA5FF7E7B90FF61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB4926BFBA5FF7E7B90FF61" box="[1047,1224,152,175]" county="White Sea" latitude="66.333336" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="51.434334" municipality="Franz Joseph Land" name="Zavalishina Bay" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Zavalishina Bay</location>
, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFB67FF7E7A57FF61" box="[1237,1295,152,175]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="12.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFB67FF7E7A57FF61" box="[1237,1295,152,175]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFAAEFF7E7ACFFF61" box="[1308,1431,152,175]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="69.18967">69°11.38'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFF25FF5C7E48FF1F" box="[151,272,186,209]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="35.246334">35°14.78'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFEA9FF5C7EF0FF1F" box="[283,424,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-10-10">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFEA9FF5C7EF0FF1F" box="[283,424,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-10-10">10 Oct. 2010</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFE01FF5C7D58FF1F" box="[435,512,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number; 2 spc, 
<location id="FB611D82FFB4926BFD62FF5C7C02FF1F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB4926BFD62FF5C7C02FF1F" box="[720,858,186,209]" county="White Sea" latitude="66.333336" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="51.434334" municipality="Franz Joseph Land" name="Orlovka Bay" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Orlovka Bay</location>
, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFCD7FF5C7CC6FF1F" box="[869,926,186,209]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="23.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFCD7FF5C7CC6FF1F" box="[869,926,186,209]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="23.0">23 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFC1BFF5C7B7DFF1F" box="[937,1061,186,209]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="69.20583">69°12.35'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFB82FF5C7BF1FF1F" box="[1072,1193,186,209]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="35.266666">35°16.00'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFB01FF5C7A18FF1F" box="[1203,1344,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-10-11">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFB01FF5C7A18FF1F" box="[1203,1344,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-10-11">11 Oct. 2010</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFAF9FF5C7AC0FF1F" box="[1355,1432,186,209]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number; 1 spc, 
<location id="FB611D82FFB4926BFEDFFF3B7D74FF3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB4926BFEDFFF3B7D74FF3A" box="[365,556,221,244]" county="White Sea" latitude="66.333336" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="51.434334" municipality="Franz Joseph Land" name="Korabelnaya Bay" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Korabelnaya Bay</location>
, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFD88FF3B7D2EFF3A" box="[570,630,221,244]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="11.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFD88FF3B7D2EFF3A" box="[570,630,221,244]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="11.0">11 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFD37FF3B7C59FF3A" box="[645,769,221,244]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="69.170334">69°10.22'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFCA2FF3B7CD0FF3A" box="[784,904,221,244]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="35.1465">35°08.79'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFC2AFF3B7B75FF3A" box="[920,1069,221,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-10-10">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFC2AFF3B7B75FF3A" box="[920,1069,221,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-10-10">10 Oct. 2010</date>
</collectingDate>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFB8EFF3B7BD1FF3A" box="[1084,1161,221,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number; 6 spcs (
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB4926BFACEFF3A7AC4FF3A" box="[1404,1436,220,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
dissected), 
<location id="FB611D82FFB4926BFEBDFEE67E96FED9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB4926BFEBDFEE67E96FED9" box="[271,462,256,279]" county="White Sea" latitude="66.333336" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="51.434334" municipality="Franz Joseph Land" name="Yarnishnaya Inlet" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Yarnishnaya Inlet</location>
, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFE6BFEE67D49FED9" box="[473,529,256,279]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="67.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFE6BFEE67D49FED9" box="[473,529,256,279]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="67.0">67 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFDAEFEE67DC0FED9" box="[540,664,256,279]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="69.145164">69°08.71'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFD11FEE67C44FED9" box="[675,796,256,279]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="36.00733">36°00.44'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFC95FEE67CF3FED9" box="[807,939,256,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2009-06-02">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFC95FEE67CF3FED9" box="[807,939,256,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2009-06-02">2 June 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
, RV 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFC52FEE67BF0FED8" box="[992,1192,256,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">DALNIE ZELENTSY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFB07FEE67A5AFED9" box="[1205,1282,256,279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number; 1 spc, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFF7BFEC47E5AFEF7" box="[201,258,290,313]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="73.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFF7BFEC47E5AFEF7" box="[201,258,290,313]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="73.0">73 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFEBCFEC47ED2FEF7" box="[270,394,290,313]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="69.127335">69°07.64'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFE27FEC47D57FEF7" box="[405,527,290,313]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="36.0335">36°02.01'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFDA8FEC47DEAFEF7" box="[538,690,290,313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2012-09-19">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFDA8FEC47DEAFEF7" box="[538,690,290,313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2012-09-19">19 Sept. 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
, MS VIKING-2; 9 spc (
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB4926BFC18FEC77C92FEF7" box="[938,970,289,313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
dissected), 
<location id="FB611D82FFB4926BFBF8FEC77A0BFEF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB4926BFBF8FEC77A0BFEF4" box="[1098,1363,289,314]" county="White Sea" latitude="66.333336" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="51.434334" municipality="Franz Joseph Land" name="Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay</location>
, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFAECFEC77ACFFEF7" box="[1374,1431,289,313]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="59.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFAECFEC77ACFFEF7" box="[1374,1431,289,313]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="59.0">59 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFF25FEA37E4AFE92" box="[151,274,325,348]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="69.132">69°07.92'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFEACFEA37ECEFE92" box="[286,406,325,348]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="36.09083">36°05.45'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFE10FEA37D7FFE92" box="[418,551,325,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2009-06-04">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFE10FEA37D7FFE92" box="[418,551,325,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2009-06-04">4 June 2009</date>
</collectingDate>
, RV 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFDEFFEA37C7CFE95" box="[605,804,325,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">DALNIE ZELENTSY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFC81FEA37CD8FE92" box="[819,896,325,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number; 
<location id="FB611D82FFB4926BFBBFFEA37BBBFE92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7617FA4FFFB6926DFF25F9077A7BFACB:FB611D82FFB4926BFBBFFEA37BBBFE92" box="[1037,1251,325,348]" county="White Sea" latitude="66.333336" longLatPrecision="925" longitude="51.434334" municipality="Franz Joseph Land" name="Eastern Barents Sea" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Eastern Barents Sea</location>
(Pechora Sea): 2 spc, 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFF7EFE8E7E43FEB1" box="[204,283,360,383]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="17.5">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFF7EFE8E7E43FEB1" box="[204,283,360,383]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="17.5">17.5 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFE99FE8E7EFEFEB1" box="[299,422,360,383]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="69.26017">69°15.61'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFE07FE8E7D75FEB1" box="[437,557,360,383]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="57.379333">57°22.76'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFD8EFE8E7D8FFEB1" box="[572,727,360,383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-11-15">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFD8EFE8E7D8FFEB1" box="[572,727,360,383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-11-15">15 Nov. 2010</date>
</collectingDate>
, RV 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFCA0FE8E7CD7FEB0" box="[786,911,360,383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">BUJNITSKIY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFC13FE8E7CB6FEB1" box="[929,1006,360,383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number; 1 spc, 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFB63FE8E7A55FEB1" box="[1233,1293,360,383]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="20.0">
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFB63FE8E7A55FEB1" box="[1233,1293,360,383]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFAAEFE8E7AC0FEB1" box="[1308,1432,360,383]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="69.38583">69°23.15'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFF25FE6C7E57FE6F" box="[151,271,394,417]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="57.743668">57°44.62'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFEA9FE6C7EE8FE6F" box="[283,432,394,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-11-15">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFEA9FE6C7EE8FE6F" box="[283,432,394,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2010-11-15">15 Nov. 2010</date>
</collectingDate>
, RV 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFE54FE6C7D3BFE6F" box="[486,611,394,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">BUJNITSKIY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFDC0FE6C7DE7FE6F" box="[626,703,394,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number; 
<collectingMunicipality id="1E65D123FFB4926BFCFFFE6C7B44FE6F" box="[845,1052,393,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Franz Joseph Land</collectingMunicipality>
: 13 spcs (
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB4926BFB3BFE6F7BF1FE6F" box="[1161,1193,393,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB4926BFB6DFE6F7A59FE6F" box="[1247,1281,393,417]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
dissected), 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFA33FE6F7FF6FE0A" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="44.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFA33FE6F7FF6FE0A" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="44.0">44 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFF09FE4B7E7FFE0A" box="[187,295,429,452]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="92" value="79.89">79º53.4'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFE81FE4B7EF1FE0A" box="[307,425,429,452]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="9" value="51.434334">51º26.06'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFE04FE4B7D16FE0A" box="[438,590,429,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2006-08-24">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFE04FE4B7D16FE0A" box="[438,590,429,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="2006-08-24">24 Aug. 2006</date>
</collectingDate>
, RV 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFD37FE4B7C16FE0D" box="[645,846,429,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">DALNIE ZELENTSY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFCEFFE4B7CF2FE0A" box="[861,938,429,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">MMBI</collectionCode>
, no number; 
<collectingCounty id="176033D5FFB4926BFB88FE4A7BF6FE0A" box="[1082,1198,428,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">White Sea</collectingCounty>
: 23 spcs. (
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB4926BFA90FE4A7A1CFE0A" box="[1314,1348,428,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB4926BFAC8FE4A7AC4FE0A" box="[1402,1436,428,452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
dissected), 
<elevation id="7593AC6AFFB4926BFEA3FE367E13FE29" box="[273,331,464,487]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="85.0">
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFEA3FE367E13FE29" box="[273,331,464,487]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="85.0">85 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9B8A2D9EFFB4926BFEEBFE367EEBFE29" box="[345,435,464,487]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" precision="925" value="66.333336">66°20'N</geoCoordinate>
, 30°E, 
<collectingDate id="9A449471FFB4926BFDB7FE367DD2FE29" box="[517,650,464,487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="1926-06-08">
<date id="8A006D99FFB4926BFDB7FE367DD2FE29" box="[517,650,464,487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" value="1926-06-08">8 June 1926</date>
</collectingDate>
RV 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFD0DFE367C57FE28" box="[703,783,464,487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">PERSEY</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFCADFE367C13FE29" box="[799,843,464,487]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">ZIN</collectionCode>
35668/3; 2 spcs, 
<collectorName id="534B2E8FFFB4926BFBBDFE367BF9FE29" box="[1039,1185,464,487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">NE Kara Sea</collectorName>
, 1937 RV 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFAAAFE367A38FE28" box="[1304,1376,464,487]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">SEDOV</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="98AFD39CFFB4926BFADDFE367AC3FE29" box="[1391,1435,464,487]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">ZIN</collectionCode>
33631/2.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF75FDF27E45FD32" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF75FDF27E5BFDE2" box="[199,259,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Shell.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="668557DCFFB4926BFEA1FDF37E11FDE2" box="[275,329,533,556]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,244,1538,1560]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1513]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,194,1514]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Shells of Pusillina tumidula. A. Barents Sea, Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay, 59 m, 69 ° 07.92 ' N, 36 ° 05.45 ' E, MMBI, no number; B. Barents Sea, Malaya Sharkovka Bay, 27 m, 69 ° 12.57 ' N, 34 ° 54.31 ' E, MMBI, no number; C. Eastern Barents Sea (Pechora Sea), 17.5 m, 69 ° 15.61 ' N, 57 ° 22.76 ' E, MMBI, no number; D, E. Holotype of Cingula tumidula, ZMO D 659; E. after Sars (1878); F. specimen from the type sample of Punctulum minutuim labeled as “ paratype ”, ZIN 35667 / 2; G. Lectotype of Rissoa griegi, ZMB 20857; H. Holotype of Punctulum minutum, ZIN 35666 / 1. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/164807/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Fig 1</figureCitation>
A–H) Ovate-conical, small, white, usually semitransparent, covered by thin transparent periostracum. Up to 3.5 total whorls, well rounded with deep sutures. Sculpture of adult shell consists of slightly prosocline growth lines and thin, numerous (30 or more on body whorl) spiral riblets. Some specimens form wide costae usually limited to the upper parts of whorls. Protoconch (
<figureCitation id="668557DCFFB4926BFD86FD9B7D2AFD5A" box="[564,626,637,660]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,434,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,434,1886]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of protoconch (A – D) and radula (E – F) of Pusillina tumidula. A – B. Eastern Barents Sea (Pechora Sea), 17.5 m, 69 ° 15.61 ' N, 57 ° 22.76 ' E, MMBI, no number; C. Franz Joseph Land, 44 m, 79 º 53.4 ' N, 51 º 26.06 ' E, MMBI, no number; D. White Sea, 85 m, 66 ° 20 ' N, 30 ° E (specimen with costae), ZIN 35667 / 2; E – F. Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay, 59 m, 69 ° 07.92 ' N, 36 ° 05.45 ' E, MMBI, no number. Scales: A, C – D = 300 µm, В = 50 µm, E = 20 µm, F = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258555/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
A–D) of 1–1.2 whorls, 420–570 µm in diameter, with nucleus of about 130– 200 µm; larval whorls with more frequent and delicate spiral striae than those on teleoconch. Aperture oval, slightly angulated in upper part. Umbilicus relatively wide, partly covered by edge of lip. Operculum concave, transparent, without peg.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF75FCEE7B10FC49" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
Mean values of morphometric characters of 
<specimenCount id="E8B880D0FFB4926BFD17FCEE7DA4FCD1" box="[677,764,776,799]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="adult">22 adult</specimenCount>
measured specimens: shell height = 2± 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFB14FCEE7A5BFCD1" box="[1190,1283,776,799]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04mm</quantity>
, shell width = 1.43± 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFF61FCCC7E76FC8F" box="[211,302,810,833]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03mm</quantity>
, aperture height = 1.09± 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFD86FCCC7DC8FC8F" box="[564,656,810,833]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05mm</quantity>
, aperture width = 0.74± 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFC22FCCC7CB2FC8F" box="[912,1002,810,833]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02mm</quantity>
, last whorl height = 1.37± 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFAB0FCCC7A06FC8F" box="[1282,1374,810,833]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05mm</quantity>
, shell whorls number = 3.3. The largest measured specimen had shell height = 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFC2FFCAB7CA1FCAA" box="[925,1017,845,868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="2.35">2.35mm</quantity>
, shell width = 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFB27FCAB7BA8FCAA" box="[1173,1264,845,868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.58" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="1.58">1.58mm</quantity>
, aperture height = 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFF1EFC967E5FFC49" box="[172,263,880,903]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="0.98">0.98mm</quantity>
, aperture width = 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFE7BFC967D7CFC49" box="[457,548,880,903]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.80mm</quantity>
, last whorl height = 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFD4CFC967C01FC49" box="[766,857,880,903]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.73" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="mm" value="1.73">1.73mm</quantity>
, whorls number = 3.5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF25FC777ED5FBDF" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF25FC777FB3FC67" box="[151,235,913,937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Radula.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="668557DCFFB4926BFF48FC747E6CFC67" box="[250,308,914,937]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,434,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,434,1886]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Details of protoconch (A – D) and radula (E – F) of Pusillina tumidula. A – B. Eastern Barents Sea (Pechora Sea), 17.5 m, 69 ° 15.61 ' N, 57 ° 22.76 ' E, MMBI, no number; C. Franz Joseph Land, 44 m, 79 º 53.4 ' N, 51 º 26.06 ' E, MMBI, no number; D. White Sea, 85 m, 66 ° 20 ' N, 30 ° E (specimen with costae), ZIN 35667 / 2; E – F. Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay, 59 m, 69 ° 07.92 ' N, 36 ° 05.45 ' E, MMBI, no number. Scales: A, C – D = 300 µm, В = 50 µm, E = 20 µm, F = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258555/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Fig 2</figureCitation>
E–F) Rachidian tooth relatively wide with prominent central cusp and 5 lateral denticles; single pairs of both basal and lateral processes are present; U-shaped ventral extension well developed. Lateral teeth with one prominent cusp and 4 to 5 smaller cusps on each side. Both inner and outer marginal teeth elongated with relatively similar-sized denticles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6A418D2FFB4926BFF75FBFA7B59FAAB" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="description">
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF75FBFA7D05FBB6" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF75FBFA7E43FBFA" box="[199,283,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Animal.</emphasis>
Mantle not pigmented. Cephalic tentacles slightly longer than bilobed snout in preserved state (
<figureCitation id="668557DCFFB4926BFA88FBFB7A23FBFA" box="[1338,1403,1053,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,244,971,993]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,196,942]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of reproductive anatomy of Pusillina tumidula. A – D. female reproductive system of two specimens from Franz Joseph Land, 44 m, 79 º 53.4 ' N, 51 º 26.06 ' E, MMBI, no number: A, C. left side; B, D. right side; lobes and seminal receptacle are not visible on B; E. male cephalopodium with penis. BC— bursa copulatrix, L— lobes, probably function in sperm storage, LOG— Lower oviduct gland, PE— penis, SD— seminal duct, SR— seminal receptacle, T— tentacle, UOG— upper oviduct gland. Scale = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258556/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E). Small anterior pallial tentacle on the right side and single metapodial tentacle present. Ctenidium elongated, filaments absent osphradium shorter than ctenidium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF75FB647CCCFB72" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF75FB647EBEFB54" box="[199,486,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Male reproductive system.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="668557DCFFB4926BFE45FB657D60FB54" box="[503,568,1155,1178]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,244,971,993]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,196,942]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of reproductive anatomy of Pusillina tumidula. A – D. female reproductive system of two specimens from Franz Joseph Land, 44 m, 79 º 53.4 ' N, 51 º 26.06 ' E, MMBI, no number: A, C. left side; B, D. right side; lobes and seminal receptacle are not visible on B; E. male cephalopodium with penis. BC— bursa copulatrix, L— lobes, probably function in sperm storage, LOG— Lower oviduct gland, PE— penis, SD— seminal duct, SR— seminal receptacle, T— tentacle, UOG— upper oviduct gland. Scale = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258556/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
E) Penis (
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFD1AFB657D91FB54" box="[680,713,1155,1178]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">PE</emphasis>
) flattened, almost parallel-sided, with acute distal end; duct (
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFAC0FB647ACAFB57" box="[1394,1426,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">SD</emphasis>
) submarginal. Prostate gland large, approximately twice as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF75FB237C42FA8D" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF75FB237EA5FB13" box="[199,509,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Female reproductive system.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="668557DCFFB4926BFDBCFB207D15FB13" box="[526,589,1222,1245]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,244,971,993]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,196,942]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Details of reproductive anatomy of Pusillina tumidula. A – D. female reproductive system of two specimens from Franz Joseph Land, 44 m, 79 º 53.4 ' N, 51 º 26.06 ' E, MMBI, no number: A, C. left side; B, D. right side; lobes and seminal receptacle are not visible on B; E. male cephalopodium with penis. BC— bursa copulatrix, L— lobes, probably function in sperm storage, LOG— Lower oviduct gland, PE— penis, SD— seminal duct, SR— seminal receptacle, T— tentacle, UOG— upper oviduct gland. Scale = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258556/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A–D) Ventral channel marked, vestibule not developed. Lower oviduct gland (
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF12FB0E7F8DFB31" box="[160,213,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">LOG</emphasis>
) longer than high. Bursa copulatrix (
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFD35FB0E7DF1FB31" box="[647,681,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">BC</emphasis>
) relatively large, about half size of lower oviduct gland; seminal receptacle (
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFEA6FAEC7E69FAEF" box="[276,305,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">SR</emphasis>
) small, elongated, not found in all studied specimens. Upper oviduct gland (
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFBC4FAEC7BE8FAEF" box="[1142,1200,1290,1313]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">UOG</emphasis>
) coiled, usually short lobes (
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF6CFACA7FAEFA8D" box="[222,246,1324,1347]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">L)</emphasis>
visible (these probably involved in sperm storage).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF75FAA87B59FAAB" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" box="[199,1025,1358,1381]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF75FAA87E35FAAB" box="[199,365,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Digestive tract:</emphasis>
contained intact calcareous foraminiferans, detritus and sand.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6A418D2FFB4926BFF75FA967F84F9BA" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF75FA967A52FA22" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF75FA967E0AFA49" bold="true" box="[199,338,1392,1415]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Distribution</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFED2FA897D7FFA49" box="[352,551,1391,1415]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFED2FA897D7FFA49" box="[352,551,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Pusillina tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported from 
<collectingCountry id="86A90BC9FFB4926BFC9FFA967C26FA49" box="[813,894,1392,1415]" name="Iceland" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Iceland</collectingCountry>
, and Faeroe, Norwegian, Barents, White and Kara Seas including the waters around 
<collectingCountry id="86A90BC9FFB4926BFDB8FA777D31FA66" box="[522,617,1425,1448]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
and Franz Joseph Land (
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFC33FA777B43FA66" author="Golikov" box="[897,1051,1425,1448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Golikov, A. N. (1987) Classis Gastropoda (part.). In: Starobogatov, Ya. I. &amp; Naumov, A. D. (Eds.), Molluscs of the White Sea. Nauka, Leningrad, 41 - 148 [In Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1987">Golikov 1987</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFB9BFA777BF7FA66" author="Waren" box="[1065,1199,1425,1448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Waren, A. (1996) New and little known Mollusca from Iceland and Scandinavia. Part. 3. Sarsia, 81, 197 - 245. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1996.10413622" type="journal article" year="1996">Warén 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFB0FFA777AC0FA66" author="Golikov" box="[1213,1432,1424,1448]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Golikov, A. N., Sirenko, B. I. &amp; Chaban E. M. (2001) Class Gastropoda. Subclass Pectinibranchia. In: Sirenko, B. I. (Ed.), List of species of free-living invertebrates of Eurasian and Arctic seas and adjacent deep waters. Explorations of the fauna of the seas, 51 (59), 104 - 108." type="journal article" year="2001">
Golikov 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFAACFA777A08FA66" box="[1310,1360,1424,1448]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">et al</emphasis>
. 2001
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFF25FA557E0CFA04" author="Sneli" box="[151,340,1458,1482]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Sneli J. - A., Shiotte, T., Jensen, K. R., Wikander, P. B., Stokland, O. &amp; Sorensen, J. (2005) Marine Mollusca of the Faroes. Annales Societatis Scientiarium Faeroensis, supplement 32, 1 - 190." type="journal article" year="2005">
Sneli 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF6AFA557E52FA04" box="[216,266,1458,1482]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFED0FA557D5DFA04" author="Nekhaev" box="[354,517,1459,1482]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Nekhaev, I. O. (2014) Marine shell-bearing Gastropoda of Murman (Barents Sea): an annotated check-list. Ruthenica, 24, 75 - 121." type="journal article" year="2014">Nekhaev 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Study of ZIN collections shows that records of that species from the Bering Sea (Kantor &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFEBEFA337EC0FA22" author="Sysoev" box="[268,408,1493,1516]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Kantor, Yu. I. &amp; Sysoev, A. V. (2006) Marine and brackish water Gastropoda of Russia and adjacent countries: an illustrated catalogue. KMK Scientific Press Ltd, Moscow, 371 pp., 140 plates." type="book" year="2006">Sysoev 2006</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFE11FA337D37FA22" author="Sirenko" box="[419,623,1492,1516]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Sirenko, B. I., Kantor, Yu. I., Gulbin, V. V. &amp; Merkuliev, A. V. (2013) Clade Littorinimorpha. Check-list of species of free-living invertebrates of the Russian Far Eastern Seas. Explorations of the fauna of the seas, 75 (83), 152 - 156." type="journal article" year="2013">
Sirenko 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFE4EFA337D6AFA22" box="[508,562,1492,1516]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
) are based on mis-identification of the another rissoid species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF75FA117F84F9BA" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF75FA117E7DF9C0" bold="true" box="[199,293,1527,1550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Habitat.</emphasis>
Found on substrates with sand, shell rock and stones, occasionally with silt and clay. Several samples of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFF25F9FE7E07F9FE" box="[151,351,1560,1584]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF25F9FE7E07F9FE" box="[151,351,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Pusillina tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were taken from water as shallow 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFD53F9FF7C1BF9FE" box="[737,835,1561,1584]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="11.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="11.0">11–12 m</quantity>
, however the 
<typeStatus id="2105F5FBFFB4926BFC6CF9FF7B63F9FE" box="[990,1083,1561,1584]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFBD1F9FE7A47F9FE" box="[1123,1311,1560,1584]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFBD1F9FE7A47F9FE" box="[1123,1311,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Cingula tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the only known specimen of the species collected in the intertidal zone. The lower reported distributional limit is 
<quantity id="3946E6BCFFB4926BFAB0F9DD7A1EF99C" box="[1282,1350,1595,1618]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFAE6F9DD7F89F9BA" author="Waren" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Waren, A. (1996) New and little known Mollusca from Iceland and Scandinavia. Part. 3. Sarsia, 81, 197 - 245. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1996.10413622" type="journal article" year="1996">Warén 1996</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6A418D2FFB4926BFF75F9987B07F8AF" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926BFF75F9987B07F8AF" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF75F9987E6DF95B" bold="true" box="[199,309,1662,1685]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Remarks.</emphasis>
Both the reproductive system and the radula of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFCD8F99B7B74F95B" box="[874,1068,1661,1685]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFCD8F99B7B74F95B" box="[874,1068,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Cingula tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ significantly from that of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFF25F9797D4BF979" authority="Wood, 1857" authorityName="Wood" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,531,1695,1719]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Obtusella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="intersecta">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF25F9797E29F979" box="[151,369,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Obtusella intersecta</emphasis>
(Wood, 1857)
</taxonomicName>
, which is the 
<typeStatus id="2105F5FBFFB4926BFD03F9467D87F979" box="[689,735,1696,1719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFCEDF9797C9FF979" box="[863,967,1695,1719]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Obtusella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFCEDF9797C9FF979" box="[863,967,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Obtusella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the females of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFBCCF9467A52F979" box="[1150,1290,1696,1719]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Obtusella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="intersecta">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFBCCF9467A52F979" box="[1150,1290,1696,1719]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">O. intersecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a welldeveloped vestibule modified for sperm storage, and the seminal receptacle is placed perpendicular to the bursa copulatrix (
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFEA0F9027EF8F935" author="Ponder" box="[274,416,1764,1787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Ponder, W. F. (1984) A review of the genera of the Rissoidae (Mollusca: Mesogastropoda: Rissoacea). Records of the Australian Museum, supplement, 4, 1 - 221. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0812 - 7387.4.1985.100" type="journal article" year="1984">Ponder 1984</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFE1EF9027D14F935" author="Nekhaev" box="[428,588,1764,1787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Nekhaev, I. O. (2015) Occurence of Obtusella intersecta in the Barents Sea (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissoidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 24, 3 - 8." type="journal article" year="2015">Nekhaev 2015</bibRefCitation>
). Males have a long penis which is oval in section and with a long, prominent filament. The central tooth of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFE61F8E37DF2F8D3" box="[467,682,1797,1821]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Obtusella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="intersecta">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFE61F8E37DF2F8D3" box="[467,682,1797,1821]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Obtusella intersecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has two pairs of basal denticles. The adult shell of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFB77F8E37AC4F8D3" box="[1221,1436,1797,1821]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Obtusella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="intersecta">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFB77F8E37AC4F8D3" box="[1221,1436,1797,1821]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Obtusella intersecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFEDCF8C17D73F8F1" box="[366,555,1831,1855]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFEDCF8C17D73F8F1" box="[366,555,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Cingula tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in shape and sculpture, but the protoconch of the former species is multiwhorled with very weak spiral striae (
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFE79F8AC7D00F8AF" author="Ponder" box="[459,600,1866,1889]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Ponder, W. F. (1984) A review of the genera of the Rissoidae (Mollusca: Mesogastropoda: Rissoacea). Records of the Australian Museum, supplement, 4, 1 - 221. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0812 - 7387.4.1985.100" type="journal article" year="1984">Ponder 1984</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFDD0F8AC7DBFF8AF" author="Waren" box="[610,743,1866,1889]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Waren, A. (1989) New and little known Mollusca from Iceland. Sarsia, 74, 1 - 28. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00364827.1989.10413419" type="journal article" year="1989">Warén 1989</bibRefCitation>
), not like that of 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFC2EF8AF7B07F8AF" box="[924,1119,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFC2EF8AF7B03F8AF" box="[924,1115,1865,1889]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">Cingula tumidula</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6A418D2FFB4926DFF75F88A7A7BFACB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="399" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB4926AFF75F88A7C03FEB1" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,2027]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,383]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="398" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFF75F88A7EBCF84D" authority="Ponder, 1984" authorityName="Ponder" authorityYear="1984" box="[199,484,1900,1923]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Vicinirissoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF75F88A7E1EF84D" box="[199,326,1900,1923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Vicinirissoa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFEE2F88A7EBCF84D" author="Ponder" box="[336,484,1900,1923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Ponder, W. F. (1984) A review of the genera of the Rissoidae (Mollusca: Mesogastropoda: Rissoacea). Records of the Australian Museum, supplement, 4, 1 - 221. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0812 - 7387.4.1985.100" type="journal article" year="1984">Ponder, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, currently considered a subgenus of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFC30F88D7BE5F84D" ID-CoL="7PFBC" authority="Monterosato, 1884" authorityName="Monterosato" authorityYear="1884" box="[898,1213,1899,1923]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFC30F88D7CBAF84D" box="[898,994,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Pusillina</emphasis>
Monterosato, 1884
</taxonomicName>
, was introduced for 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFF25F86B7E8EF86B" ID-CoL="6WP6N" authority="Verrill, 1880" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,470,1933,1957]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="harpa">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFF25F86B7E19F86B" box="[151,321,1933,1957]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Pusillina harpa</emphasis>
Verrill, 1880
</taxonomicName>
, which had been considered to be the only species in the subgenus until now. 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFA8EF86B7F8FF806" ID-CoL="6WP6N" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="harpa">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFA8EF86B7F8FF806" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Pusillina harpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by a poorly developed vestibule, in having a coiled upper oviduct gland, and a penis with a pointed end and a submarginal duct (
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB4926BFD87F8327D9DF825" author="Ponder" box="[565,709,2004,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" refString="Ponder, W. F. (1984) A review of the genera of the Rissoidae (Mollusca: Mesogastropoda: Rissoacea). Records of the Australian Museum, supplement, 4, 1 - 221. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0812 - 7387.4.1985.100" type="journal article" year="1984">Ponder 1984</bibRefCitation>
). These features conform with the anatomy of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB4926BFB61F8357AC4F825" ID-CoL="4QKYN" box="[1235,1436,2003,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="397" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB4926BFB61F8357AC4F825" box="[1235,1436,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="397">Pusillina tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described here. Both 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFECDFF717D70FF61" ID-CoL="6WP6N" box="[383,552,151,175]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="harpa">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFECDFF717D70FF61" box="[383,552,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Pusillina harpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFDEDFF717C7FFF61" ID-CoL="4QKYN" box="[607,807,151,175]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFDEDFF717C7FFF61" box="[607,807,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Pusillina tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar in having a paucispiral protoconch sculptured with dense, wavy spiral riblets, and the adult shells of both species have the same pattern of weak, dense spiral sculpture. Narrow axial costae are always present on the shells of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFD5EFF3A7CCCFF3A" ID-CoL="6WP6N" box="[748,916,220,244]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="harpa">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFD5EFF3A7CCCFF3A" box="[748,916,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Pusillina harpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but vary with depth in their number and degree of development (
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB5926AFEFCFEE67EA3FED9" author="Rex" box="[334,507,255,279]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" refString="Rex, M. A., Watts, M. C., Etter, R. J. &amp; O'Neill, S. (1988) Character variation in a complex of rissoid gastropods from the upper continental slope of the western North Atlantic. Malacologia, 29, 325 - 339." type="journal article" year="1988">
Rex 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFE31FEE67EEBFED9" box="[387,435,255,279]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">et al</emphasis>
. 1988
</bibRefCitation>
). The radula of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFD18FF197C0AFED9" ID-CoL="6WP6N" box="[682,850,255,279]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="harpa">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFD18FF197C0AFED9" box="[682,850,255,279]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Pusillina harpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not differ from the radula of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFB7CFF197ACDFED9" ID-CoL="4QKYN" box="[1230,1429,255,279]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFB7CFF197ACDFED9" box="[1230,1429,255,279]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Pusillina tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle were lacking in 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFC99FEC77C8AFEF7" ID-CoL="6WP6N" box="[811,978,289,313]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="harpa">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFC99FEC77C8AFEF7" box="[811,978,289,313]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Pusillina harpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however their lack is not established with certainty (
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB5926AFEB7FEA37ECDFE92" author="Ponder" box="[261,405,325,348]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" refString="Ponder, W. F. (1984) A review of the genera of the Rissoidae (Mollusca: Mesogastropoda: Rissoacea). Records of the Australian Museum, supplement, 4, 1 - 221. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0812 - 7387.4.1985.100" type="journal article" year="1984">Ponder 1984</bibRefCitation>
). Based on these results, I place 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFCB6FEA27C9AFE92" ID-CoL="5Z7T4" box="[772,962,324,348]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Cingula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFCB6FEA27C9AFE92" box="[772,962,324,348]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Cingula tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFBA8FEA27A4CFE92" authority="(Vicinirissoa)" baseAuthorityName="Vicinirissoa" box="[1050,1300,324,348]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Pusillina">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFBA8FEA27A4CFE92" box="[1050,1300,324,348]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Pusillina (Vicinirissoa)</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the most suitable group based on current evidence in anatomy of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFD5EFE8E7C0FFEB1" ID-CoL="7NKWB" box="[748,855,360,383]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Rissoidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="AAC11BD1FFB5926AFF25F8957C64F82F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258555/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" targetBox="[151,1436,434,1885]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB5926AFF25F8957C64F82F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1907,2017]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFF25F8957E55F847" bold="true" box="[151,269,1907,1929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Details of protoconch (
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFE47F8957D7BF847" bold="true" box="[501,547,1907,1929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">A–D</emphasis>
) and radula (
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFD15F8957D89F847" bold="true" box="[679,721,1907,1929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">E–F</emphasis>
) of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB5926AFD4EF8927CF6F847" ID-CoL="4QKYN" box="[764,942,1908,1929]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="398" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFD4EF8927CF6F847" box="[764,942,1908,1929]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">Pusillina tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFC09F8957CB6F847" bold="true" box="[955,1006,1907,1929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">A–B.</emphasis>
Eastern Barents Sea (Pechora Sea), 17.5 m, 69°15.61'N, 57°22.76'E, MMBI, no number; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFDFFF8777D3DF869" bold="true" box="[589,613,1937,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">C.</emphasis>
Franz Joseph Land, 44 m, 79º53.4'N, 51º26.06'E, MMBI, no number; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFAA6F8777A73F869" bold="true" box="[1300,1323,1937,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">D.</emphasis>
White Sea, 85 m, 66°20'N, 30°E (specimen with costae), ZIN 35667/2; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB5926AFD69F8487C51F80A" bold="true" box="[731,777,1966,1988]" pageId="3" pageNumber="398">E–F.</emphasis>
Dalne-Zelenetskaya Bay, 59 m, 69°07.92'N, 36°05.45'E, MMBI, no number. Scales: A, C–D = 300 µm, В = 50 µm, E = 20 µm, F = 5 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="AAC11BD1FFB2926DFF25FC2D7A31FBF7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258556/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" targetBox="[151,1431,196,942]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB2926DFF25FC2D7A31FBF7" blockId="4.[151,1436,971,1081]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFF25FC2D7E5FFC2F" bold="true" box="[151,263,971,993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. Details of reproductive anatomy of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB2926DFDC2FC2A7C7AFC2F" ID-CoL="4QKYN" box="[624,802,972,993]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFDC2FC2A7C7AFC2F" box="[624,802,972,993]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">Pusillina tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFC82FC2D7C3CFC2F" bold="true" box="[816,868,971,993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">A–D.</emphasis>
female reproductive system of two specimens from Franz Joseph Land, 44 m, 79º53.4'N, 51º26.06'E, MMBI, no number: 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFCB0FC0E7C6FFC30" bold="true" box="[770,823,1000,1022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">A, C.</emphasis>
left side; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFC2BFC0E7C95FC30" bold="true" box="[921,973,1000,1022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">B, D.</emphasis>
right side; lobes and seminal receptacle are not visible on B; 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFEA8FBE07E69FBD2" bold="true" box="[282,305,1030,1052]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">E.</emphasis>
male cephalopodium with penis. 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFDCBFBE07DF5FBD5" box="[633,685,1030,1051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">BC—</emphasis>
bursa copulatrix, 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFCE7FBE07C20FBD5" box="[853,888,1030,1051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">L—</emphasis>
lobes, probably function in sperm storage, 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFAAAFBE07A05FBD5" box="[1304,1373,1030,1051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">LOG—</emphasis>
Lower oviduct gland, 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFE94FBC27E00FBF7" box="[294,344,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">PE—</emphasis>
penis, 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFE25FBC27E92FBF7" box="[407,458,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">SD—</emphasis>
seminal duct, 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFDFDFBC27D27FBF7" box="[591,639,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">SR—</emphasis>
seminal receptacle, 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFC8FFBC27C38FBF7" box="[829,864,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">T—</emphasis>
tentacle, 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFC04FBC27CA7FBF7" box="[950,1023,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">UOG—</emphasis>
upper oviduct gland. Scale = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FE014B59FFB2926DFF75FB857A7BFACB" blockId="4.[151,1436,1123,1286]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB2926DFF75FB857C02FBB5" authority="Golikov &amp; Fedjakov in Golikov, 1987" authorityName="Golikov &amp; Fedjakov in Golikov" authorityYear="1987" box="[199,858,1123,1147]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Punctullum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minutum">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFF75FB857EF1FBB5" box="[199,425,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">Punctullum minutum</emphasis>
Golikov &amp; Fedjakov in 
<bibRefCitation id="9A2F36A8FFB2926DFD0DFB827C02FBB5" author="Golikov" box="[703,858,1124,1147]" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" refString="Golikov, A. N. (1987) Classis Gastropoda (part.). In: Starobogatov, Ya. I. &amp; Naumov, A. D. (Eds.), Molluscs of the White Sea. Nauka, Leningrad, 41 - 148 [In Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1987">Golikov, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was described from the White Sea based on ribbed specimens of 
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFE84FB637D52FB53" box="[310,522,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB2926DFE84FB637D5DFB53" ID-CoL="4QKYN" box="[310,517,1157,1181]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">Pusillina tumidula</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The present study has not detected differences between 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB2926DFB2EFB637A31FB53" ID-CoL="4QKYN" box="[1180,1385,1157,1181]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumidula">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFB2EFB637A31FB53" box="[1180,1385,1157,1181]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">Pusillina tumidula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB2926DFF25FB4E7E2AFB0E" ID-CoL="4QHRQ" box="[151,370,1192,1216]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Punctulum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minutum">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFF25FB4E7E2AFB0E" box="[151,370,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">Punctulum minutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, either in shell morphology or in internal anatomy, and therefore confirms their conspecificity. Significant variation in the degree of development of the wavy axial costae is a characteristic feature of 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB2926DFB47FB2D7A0DFB2D" ID-CoL="7PFBC" box="[1269,1365,1227,1251]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Pusillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFB47FB2D7A0DFB2D" box="[1269,1365,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">Pusillina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is also known in other rissoid genera including 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB2926DFDC5FB097B41FACB" ID-CoL="7PFV3" authority="Freminville in Desmarest, 1814" authorityName="Freminville in Desmarest" authorityYear="1814" box="[631,1049,1262,1286]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Rissoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFDC5FB097DE6FAC8" box="[631,702,1263,1286]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">Rissoa</emphasis>
Freminville in Desmarest, 1814
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="39BE30DAFFB2926DFB96FB0B7A47FACB" ID-CoL="7NQNS" authority="Dall, 1889" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1889" box="[1060,1311,1261,1285]" class="Gastropoda" family="Rissoidae" genus="Benthonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="399" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CCCA974BFFB2926DFB96FB0B7BFDFACB" box="[1060,1189,1261,1285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="399">Benthonella</emphasis>
Dall, 1889
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>