treatments-xml/data/69/02/F1/6902F1027924047DFF4849701531FE71.xml

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<mods:title id="5D40B2F52C381082093A47D63F0BC460">Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="6902F1027924047DFF4849701531FE71" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162363224" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6902F1027924047DFF4849701531FE71" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6902F1027924047DFF4849701531FE71" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<subSubSection id="A9B1139F79240478FF4849701301FA99" box="[151,579,1353,1379]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E114401479240478FF4849701301FA99" blockId="16.[151,579,1353,1379]" box="[151,579,1353,1379]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<heading id="BA5CF77879240478FF4849701301FA99" bold="true" box="[151,579,1353,1379]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" reason="1">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FF4849701301FA99" bold="true" box="[151,579,1353,1379]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FF4849701015FA99" ID-CoL="KYN" authority="Kirby, 1837" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,343,1353,1379]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Macrodactylini">Macrodactylini</taxonomicName>
tarsal claw flexion
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9B1139F79240478FF4849A81021FA09" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" type="description">
<paragraph id="E114401479240478FF4849A81021FA09" blockId="16.[151,1437,1425,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
The tarsal claw flexion of 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FE1B49A8132DFA51" box="[452,623,1425,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Macrodactylini">Macrodactylini</taxonomicName>
shows two main patterns. The claw flexion process is intermediated by muscular retraction of unguitractor, a small sclerite contiguous to empodium and connected to claws by membrane (
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579240478FF4049E01015FA09" author="Snodgrass, R. E." box="[159,343,1496,1523]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" refId="ref13996" refString="Snodgrass, R. E. (1935) Principles of Insect Morphology. McGraw-Hill Book, New York, New York, vi + 667 pp." type="book" year="1935">Snodgrass 1935</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9B1139F79240478FF1849C41213F885" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" type="description">
<paragraph id="E114401479240478FF1849C4138BF90A" blockId="16.[151,1437,1425,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
Claws in rest position (empodium protracted) are positioned subparallel to each other and have their longitudinal axis parallel to longitudinal axis of tarsus, when claws and empodium are retracted two main patterns are observed: 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FED34A7C1013F9A5" bold="true" box="[268,337,1605,1631]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB679240478FED34A7C107DF9A5" box="[268,319,1605,1631]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">type</typeStatus>
I
</emphasis>
, a claw stays with its longitudinal axis strongly divergent or almost oppositely directed regarding other claw, and stays subtransversally oriented regarding longitudinal axis of tarsus, the inner deflection of claws remains in resting position or is deflected less than 45 degrees (
<figureCitation id="79905C9179240478FCBE4AB412F0F95D" box="[865,946,1677,1703]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–45" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1773,1798]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,188,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,181,1681]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 38–45. Dasyus collaris. 38, prothorax, anterior (right side with cervix and coxa omitted); 39, prothorax, posterior (right without intersegmental membrane and coxa omitted); 40, prothorax, ventral (right side with hypomeron bridge detached); 41, protibia-tarsus of males (with protracted pretarsus), details: a, tarsomere V with retracted pretarsus, b–c, tarsomere V, inner (with protracted/retracted pretarsus, respectively), d, tarsomere I detail; 42, 43, mesotibia-tarsus (female, male); 44, metatibiatarsus of male (with protracted pretarsus) and detail of tarsomere V with retracted pretarsus; 45, apex of metatibia. am1, angulate margin between hypomeron and posterior fold of pronotum; am2, angulate margin between dorsal and ventral areas of posterior fold of pronotum. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3468211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3468211/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
A–C); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FC204AB41512F95D" bold="true" box="[1023,1104,1677,1703]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB679240478FC204AB41570F95D" box="[1023,1074,1677,1703]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">type</typeStatus>
II
</emphasis>
, the longitudinal axis of each claw stays subparallel to each other (as in resting position), the inner deflection of claws is deflected almost 180 degrees regarding resting position (
<figureCitation id="79905C9179240478FDFC4AEC1331F915" box="[547,627,1749,1775]" captionStart="FIGURES 38–45" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1773,1798]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,188,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,181,1681]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 38–45. Dasyus collaris. 38, prothorax, anterior (right side with cervix and coxa omitted); 39, prothorax, posterior (right without intersegmental membrane and coxa omitted); 40, prothorax, ventral (right side with hypomeron bridge detached); 41, protibia-tarsus of males (with protracted pretarsus), details: a, tarsomere V with retracted pretarsus, b–c, tarsomere V, inner (with protracted/retracted pretarsus, respectively), d, tarsomere I detail; 42, 43, mesotibia-tarsus (female, male); 44, metatibiatarsus of male (with protracted pretarsus) and detail of tarsomere V with retracted pretarsus; 45, apex of metatibia. am1, angulate margin between hypomeron and posterior fold of pronotum; am2, angulate margin between dorsal and ventral areas of posterior fold of pronotum. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3468211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3468211/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
detail).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E114401479240478FF184AC01586F8CD" blockId="16.[151,1437,1425,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
It appears that 
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB679240478FEB44AC010D9F8E9" box="[363,411,1785,1811]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">type</typeStatus>
I flexion is mainly related to the spreading process of claws, probably to enlarge the contact area between claws and contact surface. Flexion 
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB679240478FD644B2413A9F8CD" box="[699,747,1821,1847]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">type</typeStatus>
II appears related to the grasping process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E114401479240478FF184B781213F885" blockId="16.[151,1437,1425,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
The above-mentioned claw deflection 
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB679240478FDAD4B7813EFF8A1" box="[626,685,1857,1883]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">types</typeStatus>
are useful as generic diagnoses for macrodactylines (as supplement data to the key provided by 
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579240478FE0F4B5C1206F885" author="Fuhrmann, J. &amp; Vaz-de-Mello, F. Z." box="[464,836,1893,1919]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 71" refId="ref12780" refString="Fuhrmann, J. &amp; Vaz-de-Mello, F. Z. (2017) Macrodactylini (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae): primary types of type species and taxonomic changes to the generic classification. European Journal of Taxonomy, 350, 1 - 71. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2017.350" type="journal article" year="2017">Fuhrmann &amp; Vaz-de-Mello 2017</bibRefCitation>
):
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="E114401479240479FF184BB0122EFE55" blockId="16.[151,1437,1425,2027]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,152,612]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FF184BB01056F859" bold="true" box="[199,276,1929,1955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB679240478FF184BB01040F859" box="[199,258,1929,1955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Type</typeStatus>
I
</emphasis>
is found in all legs of: 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FDC94BB01215F859" authority="Smith, 2008" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="2008" box="[534,855,1929,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Ampliodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FDC94BB01386F859" box="[534,708,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Ampliodactylus</emphasis>
Smith, 2008
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FCBD4BB015D0F859" authority="Blanchard, 1850" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1850" box="[866,1170,1928,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Alvarinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FCBD4BB0128DF859" box="[866,975,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Alvarinus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579240478FC094BB015D0F859" author="Blanchard, C. E." box="[982,1170,1928,1955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref11439" refString="Blanchard, C. E. (1850) Classe des insectes. Ordre des coleopteres. Tome I (Part 1). In: Milne-Edwards, H., Blanchard, C. E. &amp; Lucas, H. (Eds.), Catalogue de la collection entomologique du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Gide et Baudry, Paris, pp. i-iv + 1 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1850">Blanchard, 1850</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FB424BB014DAF859" authority="Harold, 1869" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[1181,1432,1929,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Byrasba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FB424BB015B8F859" box="[1181,1274,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Byrasba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579240478FADD4BB014DAF859" author="Harold, E." box="[1282,1432,1929,1955]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" pagination="979 - 1349" refId="ref12980" refString="Harold, E. (1869) Tome IV. Scarabaeidae. In: Gemminger, M. &amp; Harold, E. (Eds.), Catalogus Coleopterorum, hucusque descriptorum, synonymicus et systematicus. Sumptu E. H. Gummi, Munich, pp. 979 - 1349 + 7 (index and corrigenda)." type="journal article" year="1869">Harold, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FF484B9410EFF83D" authority="Saylor, 1938" authorityName="Saylor" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,429,1965,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Canestera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FF484B941048F83D" box="[151,266,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Canestera</emphasis>
Saylor, 1938
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FE624B9413B0F83D" authority="Arrow, 1948" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1948" box="[445,754,1965,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Ceratolontha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FE624B941310F83D" box="[445,594,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Ceratolontha</emphasis>
Arrow, 1948
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FCDD4B94150DF83D" authority="Moser, 1919" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1919" box="[770,1103,1965,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Chariodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FCDD4B9412EDF83D" box="[770,943,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Chariodactylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579240478FC644B94150DF83D" author="Moser, J." box="[955,1103,1965,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" pagination="3 - 64" refId="ref13786" refString="Moser, J. (1919) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Melolonthiden (Col.). (IX). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 80, 3 - 64." type="journal article" year="1919">Moser, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FBBF4B9414DAF83D" authority="Laporte, 1832" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1832" box="[1120,1432,1965,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Clavipalpus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FBBF4B9415A5F83D" box="[1120,1255,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Clavipalpus</emphasis>
Laporte, 1832
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FF484BE81012F811" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,336,2001,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Compsodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FF484BE81012F811" box="[151,336,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Compsodactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FEBB4BEB12C3F811" authority="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville, 1828" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[356,897,2001,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dicrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FEBB4BEB108BF811" box="[356,457,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Dicrania</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579240478FE094BE812C3F811" author="LePeletier, A. L. M. &amp; Audinet-Serville, J. G." box="[470,897,2001,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" pagination="346 - 382" refId="ref13585" refString="LePeletier, A. L. M. &amp; Audinet-Serville, J. G. (1828) Scarabe, Scarabaeus. In: Latreille, P. A., LePeletier, A. L. M., Audinet-Serville, J. G. &amp; Guerin-Meneville, F. E. (Eds.), Histoire naturelle. Entomologie, ou histoire naturelle de crustaces, des arachnides et des insectes. Tome 10. Part 2. Encyclopedie methodique, ou par ordre de matieres; par une societe de gens de lettres, de savants et d'artistes; precedee d'un vocabulaire universel, servant de table pour tout l'ouvrage, ornee des portraits de MM. Diderot et d'Alembert, premiers editeurs de l'Encyclopedie. Chez Mme Veuve Agasse, Paris, pp. 346 - 382." type="book chapter" year="1828">LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville, 1828</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240478FC4D4BEB1592F811" authority="Blanchard, 1851" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1851" box="[914,1232,2000,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Euryaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FC4D4BEB1540F811" box="[914,1026,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Euryaspis</emphasis>
Blanchard, 1851
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779240479FB3D4BE810FBFF49" authority="Smith &amp; Mondaca, 2015" authorityName="Smith &amp; Mondaca" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Extenuoptyophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="156" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679240478FB3D4BE814DFF811" box="[1250,1437,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="155">Extenuoptyophis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FF484CA010FBFF49" author="Smith, A. B. T. &amp; Mondaca, J." box="[151,441,152,179]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref13935" refString="Smith, A. B. T. &amp; Mondaca, J. (2015) Review of the southern South American Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) with descriptions of new genera and species. Zootaxa, 4056 (1), 1 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4056.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Smith &amp; Mondaca, 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FE174CA013BCFF49" authority="Frey, 1967" authorityName="Frey" authorityYear="1967" box="[456,766,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Hamatoplectris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FE174CA01334FF49" box="[456,630,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Hamatoplectris</emphasis>
Frey, 1967
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FCD34CA31576FF49" authority="Burmeister, 1855" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" box="[780,1076,152,179]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Hieritis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FCD34CA31220FF49" box="[780,866,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Hieritis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FCB34CA01576FF49" author="Burmeister, H." box="[876,1076,152,179]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" refId="ref11673" refString="Burmeister, H. (1855) Handbuch der entomologie. Vierter band. Befondere entomologie. Fortfessung. Zweite Abtheilung. Coleoptera Lamellicornia Phyllophaga chaenochela. Bei Theodor Johann Christian Friedrich Enslin, Berlin, x + 569 pp." type="book" year="1855">Burmeister, 1855</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FB9D4CA014DAFF49" authority="Mannerheim, 1829" authorityName="Mannerheim" authorityYear="1829" box="[1090,1432,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Isonychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FB9D4CA015F0FF49" box="[1090,1202,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Isonychus</emphasis>
Mannerheim, 1829
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FF484C8413C7FF2D" authority="Smith &amp; Mondaca, 2015" authorityName="Smith &amp; Mondaca" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,645,188,215]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Insimuloissacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FF484C84101FFF2D" box="[151,349,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Insimuloissacaris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FEB94C8413C7FF2D" author="Smith, A. B. T. &amp; Mondaca, J." box="[358,645,188,215]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref13935" refString="Smith, A. B. T. &amp; Mondaca, J. (2015) Review of the southern South American Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) with descriptions of new genera and species. Zootaxa, 4056 (1), 1 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4056.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Smith &amp; Mondaca, 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FD4C4C8712FBFF2D" authority="Fairmaire, 1889" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1889" box="[659,953,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Issacaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FD4C4C8713BAFF2D" box="[659,760,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Issacaris</emphasis>
Fairmaire, 1889
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FC184C8415AAFF2D" authority="Dalla Torre, 1913" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityYear="1913" box="[967,1256,189,215]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Junkia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FC184C841550FF2D" box="[967,1042,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Junkia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FBC44C8415AAFF2D" author="Dalla Torre, K. W. von" box="[1051,1256,189,215]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" pagination="291 - 450" refId="ref11784" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. von (1913) Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae IV. Pars 50. In: Schenkling, S. &amp; Junk, W. (Eds.), Coleopterorum catalogus. Vol. 20. W. Junk, Berlin, pp. 291 - 450." type="book chapter" year="1913">Dalla Torre, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FB2A4C84106CFF01" authority="Dejean, 1821" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1821" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Macrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FB2A4C8414DEFF2D" box="[1269,1436,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Macrodactylus</emphasis>
Dejean, 1821
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FEE64CD8132EFF01" authority="Moser, 1919" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1919" box="[313,620,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Manodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FEE64CD8109AFF01" box="[313,472,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Manodactylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FE014CD8132EFF01" author="Moser, J." box="[478,620,225,251]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" pagination="3 - 64" refId="ref13786" refString="Moser, J. (1919) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Melolonthiden (Col.). (IX). Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 80, 3 - 64." type="journal article" year="1919">Moser, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FDA84CD81558FF01" authority="Fairmaire &amp; Germain, 1860" authorityName="Fairmaire &amp; Germain" authorityYear="1860" box="[631,1050,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Modialis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FDA84CD81399FF01" box="[631,731,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Modialis</emphasis>
Fairmaire &amp; Germain, 1860
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FBFB4CD81057FEE5" authority="Smith &amp; Mondaca, 2015" authorityName="Smith &amp; Mondaca" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Neuquenodactylus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FBFB4CD815B1FF01" box="[1060,1267,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Neuquenodactylus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FB264CD81057FEE5" author="Smith, A. B. T. &amp; Mondaca, J." pageId="17" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref13935" refString="Smith, A. B. T. &amp; Mondaca, J. (2015) Review of the southern South American Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) with descriptions of new genera and species. Zootaxa, 4056 (1), 1 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4056.1.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Smith &amp; Mondaca, 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FEFD4D3C1251FEE5" authority="Martinez &amp; d'Andretta, 1956" authorityName="Martinez &amp; d'Andretta" authorityYear="1956" box="[290,787,260,287]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Paulosawaya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FEFD4D3C10FBFEE5" box="[290,441,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Paulosawaya</emphasis>
Martínez &amp; d’Andretta, 1956
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FCFF4D3C153BFEE5" authority="Blanchard, 1851" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1851" box="[800,1145,260,287]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Phytholaema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FCFF4D3C12F6FEE5" box="[800,948,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Phytholaema</emphasis>
Blanchard, 1851
</taxonomicName>
, some species of 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FA9A4D3C1252FEB9" authority="LePeletier de Saint-Fargeau &amp; Audinet-Serville, 1828" authorityName="LePeletier de Saint-Fargeau &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Plectris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FA9A4D3C14DEFEE5" box="[1349,1436,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Plectris</emphasis>
LePeletier de Saint–Fargeau &amp; Audinet–Serville, 1828
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FCC04D101523FEB9" authority="Harold, 1869" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[799,1121,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pristerophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FCC04D1012FFFEB9" box="[799,957,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Pristerophora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FC184D101523FEB9" author="Harold, E." box="[967,1121,297,323]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" pagination="979 - 1349" refId="ref12980" refString="Harold, E. (1869) Tome IV. Scarabaeidae. In: Gemminger, M. &amp; Harold, E. (Eds.), Catalogus Coleopterorum, hucusque descriptorum, synonymicus et systematicus. Sumptu E. H. Gummi, Munich, pp. 979 - 1349 + 7 (index and corrigenda)." type="journal article" year="1869">Harold, 1869</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FBAF4D101190FE9D" authority="Gutierrez, 1950" authorityName="Gutierrez" authorityYear="1950" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pseudodicrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FBAF4D101463FEB9" box="[1136,1313,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Pseudodicrania</emphasis>
Gutiérrez, 1950
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FF014D7413CCFE9D" authority="Guerin-Meneville, 1838" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1838" box="[222,654,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pseudoserica" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FF014D741037FE9D" box="[222,373,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Pseudoserica</emphasis>
Guérin-Méneville, 1838
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FD454D741289FE9D" authority="Smith, 2008" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="2008" box="[666,971,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pusiodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FD454D741275FE9D" box="[666,823,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Pusiodactylus</emphasis>
Smith, 2008
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FC094D741460FE9D" authority="Redtenbacher, 1868" authorityName="Redtenbacher" authorityYear="1868" box="[982,1314,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Ptyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FC094D74157AFE9D" box="[982,1080,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Ptyophis</emphasis>
Redtenbacher, 1868
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FAF14D74105BFE71" authority="Perty, 1833" authorityName="Perty" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Rhinaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FAF14D7414DEFE9D" box="[1326,1436,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Rhinaspis</emphasis>
Perty, 1833
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FE8C4D4813E5FE71" authority="Blanchard, 1850" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1850" box="[339,679,368,395]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Schizochelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FE8C4D4810A6FE71" box="[339,484,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Schizochelus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FE344D4813E5FE71" author="Blanchard, C. E." box="[491,679,368,395]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref11439" refString="Blanchard, C. E. (1850) Classe des insectes. Ordre des coleopteres. Tome I (Part 1). In: Milne-Edwards, H., Blanchard, C. E. &amp; Lucas, H. (Eds.), Catalogue de la collection entomologique du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Gide et Baudry, Paris, pp. i-iv + 1 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1850">Blanchard, 1850</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. All these genera have a short empodium, inner area of tarsomere V without carina or tubercle and with claw sulci short or indistinct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E114401479250479FF184D801436FDE1" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,612]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FF184D801060FE29" bold="true" box="[199,290,441,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB679250479FF184D801040FE29" box="[199,258,441,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Type</typeStatus>
II
</emphasis>
is found in all legs of: 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FDE64D801390FE29" authorityName="Curtis" authorityYear="1835" box="[569,722,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Ancistrosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FDE64D801390FE29" box="[569,722,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Ancistrosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FD3C4D801205FE29" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[739,839,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Ceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FD3C4D801205FE29" box="[739,839,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Ceraspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FC884D8012A1FE29" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1850" box="[855,995,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Chariodema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FC884D8012A1FE29" box="[855,995,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Chariodema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FC2B4D801575FE29" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1850" box="[1012,1079,441,467]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Faula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FC2B4D801575FE29" box="[1012,1079,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Faula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FB974D8014DAFE29" authority="Blanchard, 1850" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1850" box="[1096,1432,440,467]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Mallotarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FB974D80158DFE29" box="[1096,1231,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Mallotarsus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FB064D8014DAFE29" author="Blanchard, C. E." box="[1241,1432,440,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref11439" refString="Blanchard, C. E. (1850) Classe des insectes. Ordre des coleopteres. Tome I (Part 1). In: Milne-Edwards, H., Blanchard, C. E. &amp; Lucas, H. (Eds.), Catalogue de la collection entomologique du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Gide et Baudry, Paris, pp. i-iv + 1 - 128." type="book chapter" year="1850">Blanchard, 1850</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FF484DE710E7FE0D" authority="Laporte, 1840" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,421,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Manopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FF484DE711BDFE0D" box="[151,255,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Manopus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE579250479FED94DE410E7FE0D" author="Laporte, F. L. N. &amp; Comte de Castelnau" box="[262,421,477,503]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" refId="ref13322" refString="Laporte, F. L. N. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des insectes coleopteres. Tome 2. In: Histoire naturelle des animaux articules, Annelides, Crustaces, Arachnides, Myriapodes et Insectes. P. Dumenil, Paris, 563 pp., 28 pls., [1] pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 35290" type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FE6F4DE71397FE0D" authority="Arrow, 1913" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1913" box="[432,725,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FE6F4DE71303FE0D" box="[432,577,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Pectinosoma</emphasis>
Arrow, 1913
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FCD04DE415E1FE0D" authority="Katovich, 2011" authorityName="Katovich" authorityYear="2011" box="[783,1187,477,503]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pseudopectinosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FCD04DE412ADFE0D" box="[783,1007,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Pseudopectinosoma</emphasis>
Katovich, 2011
</taxonomicName>
. All these genera have a long empodium, inner area of tarsomere V with a proximal raised carina or tubercle and with claw sulci long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E114401479250479FF184E1C1243FD9E" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,612]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FF184E1C1019FDC5" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1850" box="[199,347,549,575]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Calodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FF184E1C1019FDC5" box="[199,347,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Calodactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FE4E4E1F10A1FDC5" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[401,483,550,575]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FE4E4E1F10A1FDC5" box="[401,483,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Dasyus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have 
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB679250479FDFA4E1C1317FDC5" box="[549,597,549,575]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">type</typeStatus>
I in prothoracic legs (with empodium and sulci short) and 
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB679250479FB3B4E1C1456FDC5" box="[1252,1300,549,575]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">type</typeStatus>
II in medial and metathoracic legs (with empodium and sulci long).
</paragraph>
<caption id="B5D4109C79250479FF484B761527F80D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3468219" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3468219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3468219/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" startId="17.[151,264,1871,1896]" targetBox="[162,1424,644,1839]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="E114401479250479FF484B761527F80D" blockId="17.[151,1436,1871,2040]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FF484B761012F892" bold="true" box="[151,336,1871,1896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">FIGURES 64–70</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FE804B6910E8F89D" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[351,426,1872,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FE804B6910E8F89D" box="[351,426,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Dasyus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male terminalia. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FDBC4B76133EF892" bold="true" box="[611,636,1871,1896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">64</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FD544B69126EF89D" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[651,812,1871,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FD544B69126EF89D" box="[651,812,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">Dasyus collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genital ring; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FC644B761296F892" bold="true" box="[955,980,1871,1896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">65</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FC3B4B691511F89D" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[996,1107,1871,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FC3B4B6912B4F89D" box="[996,1014,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FBD94B761511F89D" box="[1030,1107,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tegmen, lateral; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FADA4B76145CF892" bold="true" box="[1285,1310,1871,1896]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">66</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FAF24B6914DEF89D" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[1325,1436,1871,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FAF24B69147DF89D" box="[1325,1343,1872,1895]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FA904B7614DEF89D" box="[1359,1436,1871,1895]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
parameres, distal; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FE8D4B4A1029F876" bold="true" box="[338,363,1907,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">67</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FEA64B4D10A4F871" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[377,486,1907,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FEA64B4D10C9F871" box="[377,395,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FE464B4A10A4F871" box="[409,486,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
parameres, laterodistal; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FD3C4B4A13BEF876" bold="true" box="[739,764,1907,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">68</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FCD54B4D12C9F871" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1918" box="[778,907,1907,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FCD54B4D125EF871" box="[778,796,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FCF54B4A12C9F871" box="[810,907,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tegmen, lateral; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FBE64B4A1510F876" bold="true" box="[1081,1106,1907,1932]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">69</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FBBF4B4D15A3F871" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1918" box="[1120,1249,1907,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FBBF4B4D1530F871" box="[1120,1138,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FB5F4B4A15A3F871" box="[1152,1249,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
parameres, distal; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FF484BAE11F2F84A" bold="true" box="[151,176,1943,1968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">70</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B9779250479FF624BA1107FF855" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1918" box="[189,317,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="156" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FF624BA1118DF855" box="[189,207,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FF034BAE107FF855" box="[220,317,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
parameres, laterodistal. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FDEA4BAE131DF855" bold="true" box="[565,607,1943,1967]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">phb</emphasis>
, phallobasis (* apodeme); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FCAE4BAE12D9F855" bold="true" box="[881,923,1943,1967]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">scm</emphasis>
, second connective membrane (connecting genital ring to phallobasis); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FEB54B8210CDF829" bold="true" box="[362,399,1979,2003]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">spg</emphasis>
, spiculum gastrale (tergite IX element, * apodeme or cranial piece); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FB904B821531F82E" bold="true" box="[1103,1139,1979,2004]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">sn9</emphasis>
, abdominal sternite IX; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C0679250479FAB24B8214D4F829" bold="true" box="[1389,1430,1979,2003]" pageId="17" pageNumber="156">tcm</emphasis>
, third connective membrane (connecting abdominal segment VIII to genital ring). Scale = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B5D4109C7926047AFF484B2A15D7F825" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3468221" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3468221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3468221/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" startId="18.[151,264,1811,1836]" targetBox="[155,1420,220,1629]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="E11440147926047AFF484B2A15D7F825" blockId="18.[151,1436,1811,2016]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFF484B2A100FF8D6" bold="true" box="[151,333,1811,1836]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">FIGURES 71–77</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977926047AFE854B2D10E7F8D1" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[346,421,1812,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFE854B2D10E7F8D1" box="[346,421,1812,1835]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">Dasyus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
endophallus. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFDEC4B2A130EF8D6" bold="true" box="[563,588,1811,1836]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">71</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977926047AFD864B2D13B5F8D6" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[601,759,1812,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFD864B2D13B5F8D6" box="[601,759,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">Dasyus collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
right side (distal piece introverted); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFBB44B2A15C6F8D6" bold="true" box="[1131,1156,1811,1836]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">72</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977926047AFB4E4B2D15BFF8D6" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[1169,1277,1812,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFB4E4B2D15E1F8D1" box="[1169,1187,1812,1835]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFB6F4B2D15BFF8D6" box="[1200,1277,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dorsal detail of temones; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFF274B0E1053F8AA" bold="true" box="[248,273,1847,1872]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">73</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977926047AFEC14B0110CBF8AA" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[286,393,1848,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFEC14B011072F8B5" box="[286,304,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFEE34B0110CBF8AA" box="[316,393,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ventral detail of V-sclerite; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFD7D4B0E13A3F8AA" bold="true" box="[674,737,1847,1872]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">74–75</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977926047AFD324B01121BF8AA" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[749,857,1848,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFD324B0113BDF8B5" box="[749,767,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFCD34B01121BF8AA" box="[780,857,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
right and left side; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFBC34B0E1519F8AA" bold="true" box="[1052,1115,1847,1872]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">76–77</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977926047AFBB84B0115A4F8AA" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1918" box="[1127,1254,1848,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFBB84B01153BF8B5" box="[1127,1145,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFB5A4B0115A4F8AA" box="[1157,1254,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
right (distal piece introverted) and left side. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFE444B621086F88E" bold="true" box="[411,452,1883,1908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">fcm</emphasis>
, first connective membrane (connecting tegmen to endophallus); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFB854B65153FF88E" bold="true" box="[1114,1149,1884,1908]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">ldd</emphasis>
, dorsal lobes of distal piece; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFF484BB911F8F862" bold="true" box="[151,186,1920,1944]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">lpd</emphasis>
, dorsal lobe of proximal piece; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFE234BB91364F862" bold="true" box="[508,550,1920,1944]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">lpm</emphasis>
, ventromedial lobe of proximal piece; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFC6E4BB91296F862" bold="true" box="[945,980,1920,1944]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">lpp</emphasis>
, ventroproximal lobe of proximal piece; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFAAB4BB914D4F862" bold="true" box="[1396,1430,1920,1944]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">lpv</emphasis>
, ventrodistal lobe of proximal piece; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFDD84B9A1301F846" bold="true" box="[519,579,1955,1980]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">M(O)</emphasis>
, musculus phallobaso-endophalloapodemalis; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFBC14B9A1517F846" bold="true" box="[1054,1109,1955,1980]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">M(S)</emphasis>
, musculus endophalloapodemalis; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067926047AFF634BF111A0F81A" bold="true" box="[188,226,1992,2016]" pageId="18" pageNumber="157">ttm</emphasis>
, temones tendon. Asperites details with relative magnification of about 10x. Scale = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B5D4109C7927047BFF484B2312BEF81D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3468223" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3468223" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3468223/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" startId="19.[151,264,1818,1843]" targetBox="[155,1404,224,1681]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="E11440147927047BFF484B2312BEF81D" blockId="19.[151,1437,1818,2023]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFF484B23100DF8C9" bold="true" box="[151,335,1818,1843]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">FIGURES 78–83</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977927047BFE824B2510EAF8C9" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[349,424,1820,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFE824B2510EAF8C9" box="[349,424,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">Dasyus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female terminalia. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFDAD4B2313C9F8C9" bold="true" box="[626,651,1818,1843]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">78</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977927047BFD464B25127BF8C9" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[665,825,1819,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFD464B25127BF8C9" box="[665,825,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">Dasyus collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
terminalia with detail of asperites of proctiger area; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFA834B231437F8C9" bold="true" box="[1372,1397,1818,1843]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">79</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977927047BFA5B4B2511BAF8AD" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1918" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFA5B4B2514D4F8C9" box="[1412,1430,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFF484B0611BAF8AD" box="[151,248,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
terminalia; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFEA74B0710D3F8AD" bold="true" box="[376,401,1854,1879]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">80</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977927047BFE7E4B79134DF8AD" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[417,527,1855,1879]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFE7E4B7910F1F8AD" box="[417,435,1856,1879]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFE1D4B06134DF8AD" box="[450,527,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pygidium, internal (showing paraproct-pygidium articulation); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFB7B4B0715FFF8AD" bold="true" box="[1188,1213,1854,1879]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">81</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977927047BFB124B79147EF8AD" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[1229,1340,1855,1879]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFB124B79159DF8AD" box="[1229,1247,1856,1879]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFB304B06147EF8AD" box="[1263,1340,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genitalia (right side without external elements; left side with detail of gonocoxite setae); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFC1B4B5B129FF881" bold="true" box="[964,989,1890,1915]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">82</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977927047BFC354B5D1529F881" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1918" box="[1002,1131,1891,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFC354B5D12BEF881" box="[1002,1020,1892,1915]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFBD54B5A1529F881" box="[1034,1131,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spermatheca complex; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFA824B5B1434F881" bold="true" box="[1373,1398,1890,1915]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">83</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977927047BFA5B4B5D11A6F865" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFA5B4B5D14D4F881" box="[1412,1430,1892,1915]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFF484BBE11A6F865" box="[151,228,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
longitudinal section, lateral (accessory gland in dotted line). 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFC944BBE1232F865" bold="true" box="[843,880,1927,1951]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">acg</emphasis>
, accessory gland; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFBF54BBE1512F865" bold="true" box="[1066,1104,1927,1951]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">bcx</emphasis>
, bursa copulatrix; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFAD34BBE1473F865" bold="true" box="[1292,1329,1927,1951]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">gcx</emphasis>
, gonocoxite; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFF604B9211A4F839" bold="true" box="[191,230,1963,1987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">ovd</emphasis>
, oviduct; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFE904B921036F839" bold="true" box="[335,372,1963,1987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">ppt</emphasis>
, paraproct; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFE2F4B921355F839" bold="true" box="[496,535,1963,1987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">pyg</emphasis>
, pygidium; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFD4A4B9213F1F839" bold="true" box="[661,691,1963,1987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">ret</emphasis>
, rectum; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFCC94B921274F839" bold="true" box="[790,822,1963,1987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">spt</emphasis>
, spermatheca; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFC0D4B9212B3F839" bold="true" box="[978,1009,1963,1987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">stg</emphasis>
, gland of spermatheca; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067927047BFB374B931461F839" bold="true" box="[1256,1315,1962,1987]" pageId="19" pageNumber="158">tg8–9</emphasis>
, abdominal tergite VIII and IX. Details with relative magnification of about 10x. Scale = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B5D4109C7920047CFF4849F01222F9D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3468225" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3468225" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3468225/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" startId="20.[151,264,1481,1506]" targetBox="[177,1430,244,1377]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="E11440147920047CFF4849F01222F9D3" blockId="20.[151,1436,1481,1578]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFF4849F0100DFA18" bold="true" box="[151,335,1481,1506]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">FIGURES 84–90</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFE8149F310BCFA1B" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[350,510,1481,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFE8149F310BCFA1B" box="[350,510,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Dasyus collaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
variation. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFDB049F013ECFA18" bold="true" box="[623,686,1481,1506]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">84–86</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFD6249F312A2FA1B" box="[701,992,1481,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="collaris" subSpecies="luridipennis">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFD6249F312A2FA1B" box="[701,992,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Dasyus collaris luridipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male lectotype (dorsal, lateral, labels); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFAA249F014D4FA18" bold="true" box="[1405,1430,1481,1506]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">87</emphasis>
, typical color (Rio de Janeiro, “Corcovado”); 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFDB749D413C3F9FC" bold="true" box="[616,641,1517,1542]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">88</emphasis>
, female with same color attributed to 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFBD249D714DAF9FC" authority="sensu Burmeister, 1855" authorityName="sensu Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" box="[1037,1432,1517,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvipennis">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFBD249D7155DF9FF" box="[1037,1055,1518,1541]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">D</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFBF149D415DFF9FF" box="[1070,1181,1517,1541]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">fulvipennis</emphasis>
sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57920047CFB3A49D414DAF9FC" author="Burmeister, H." box="[1253,1432,1517,1542]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" refId="ref11673" refString="Burmeister, H. (1855) Handbuch der entomologie. Vierter band. Befondere entomologie. Fortfessung. Zweite Abtheilung. Coleoptera Lamellicornia Phyllophaga chaenochela. Bei Theodor Johann Christian Friedrich Enslin, Berlin, x + 569 pp." type="book" year="1855">Burmeister, 1855</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFF484A281194F9D0" bold="true" box="[151,214,1553,1578]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">89–90</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFF3C4A2B10CFF9D3" authorityName=": Frey" authorityYear="1970" box="[227,397,1553,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dicrania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFF3C4A2B10CFF9D3" box="[227,397,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Dicrania hirsuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male holotype (dorsal, labels). Scale = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E11440147920047CFF184A6115B5F96C" blockId="20.[151,1437,1623,2010]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFF184A611097F988" authority="Saylor, 1940" authorityName="Saylor" authorityYear="1940" box="[199,469,1624,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Anomonyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFF184A61107FF988" box="[199,317,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Anomonyx</emphasis>
Saylor, 1940
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFE3F4A61137FF988" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1850" box="[480,573,1624,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Barybas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFE3F4A61137FF988" box="[480,573,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Barybas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFD944A6112CAF988" authority="Burmeister, 1855" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" box="[587,904,1623,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Oedichira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFD944A6113FFF988" box="[587,701,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Oedichira</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57920047CFD1B4A6112CAF988" author="Burmeister, H." box="[708,904,1623,1650]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" refId="ref11673" refString="Burmeister, H. (1855) Handbuch der entomologie. Vierter band. Befondere entomologie. Fortfessung. Zweite Abtheilung. Coleoptera Lamellicornia Phyllophaga chaenochela. Bei Theodor Johann Christian Friedrich Enslin, Berlin, x + 569 pp." type="book" year="1855">Burmeister, 1855</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFC4C4A61158DF988" authority="Dejean, 1833" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1833" box="[915,1231,1624,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Philochloenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFC4C4A611572F988" box="[915,1072,1624,1650]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Philochloenia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57920047CFBE84A61158DF988" author="Dejean P. F. M. A." box="[1079,1231,1624,1650]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" refId="ref11838" refString="Dejean P. F. M. A. (1833) Catalogue des Coleopteres de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean. Livraison 1 - 2. Mequignon-Marvis, Paris, 176 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8771" type="book" year="1833">Dejean, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and some species of 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFF694A45104FF96C" authorityName="LePeletier de Saint-Fargeau &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[182,269,1660,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Plectris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFF694A45104FF96C" box="[182,269,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Plectris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have same claw deflection pattern of 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFD694A451208F96C" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1850" box="[694,842,1660,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Calodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFD694A451208F96C" box="[694,842,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Calodactylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFC5F4A441290F96C" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[896,978,1661,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dasyus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFC5F4A441290F96C" box="[896,978,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Dasyus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but all empodia are short.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E11440147920047CFF184A9915DEF8DC" blockId="20.[151,1437,1623,2010]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">
The monotypic 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFEA04A9913FCF940" authority="Martinez, 1957" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1957" box="[383,702,1695,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Astaenoplia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFEA04A991347F940" box="[383,517,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Astaenoplia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57920047CFDD04A9913FCF940" author="Martinez, A." box="[527,702,1695,1722]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" pagination="47 - 52" refId="ref13728" refString="Martinez, A. (1957) Scarabaeoidea Neotropica V. Nuevos generos y especies de Macrodactylini (Col. Scarab. Melolonthinae). Neotropica, 3, 47 - 52." type="journal article" year="1957">Martínez, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(including 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFC994A9915DCF940" authority="Martinez, 1957" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1957" box="[838,1182,1695,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Astaenoplia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miserabilis">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFC994A991215F940" box="[838,855,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFCB74A9912A6F940" box="[872,996,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">miserabilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57920047CFC304A9915DCF940" author="Martinez, A." box="[1007,1182,1695,1722]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" pagination="47 - 52" refId="ref13728" refString="Martinez, A. (1957) Scarabaeoidea Neotropica V. Nuevos generos y especies de Macrodactylini (Col. Scarab. Melolonthinae). Neotropica, 3, 47 - 52." type="journal article" year="1957">Martínez, 1957</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) is not studied, but it is originally described with protarsal and mesotarsal claws bifid and with short empodium, and metatarsal claws simple and empodium absent (
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57920047CFE2A4AD113E2F8F8" author="Martinez, A." box="[501,672,1767,1794]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" pagination="47 - 52" refId="ref13728" refString="Martinez, A. (1957) Scarabaeoidea Neotropica V. Nuevos generos y especies de Macrodactylini (Col. Scarab. Melolonthinae). Neotropica, 3, 47 - 52." type="journal article" year="1957">Martínez 1957</bibRefCitation>
). The claw deflection 
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB67920047CFC7F4AD11292F8F8" box="[928,976,1768,1794]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">type</typeStatus>
needs to be checked for this taxon. The metatarsus without empodium is not found in other 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFD044B3512C4F8DC" box="[731,902,1804,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Macrodactylini">Macrodactylini</taxonomicName>
but is found in 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFBE84B3515DAF8DC" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" box="[1079,1176,1804,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hopliini">Hopliini</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E11440147920047CFF184B0911ABF820" blockId="20.[151,1437,1623,2010]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">
The Asian Diphycerini (
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFE064B091217F8B0" authority="Burmeister, 1855" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" box="[473,853,1839,1866]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dichelomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFE064B0913CBF8B0" box="[473,649,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Dichelomorpha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57920047CFD4F4B091217F8B0" author="Burmeister, H." box="[656,853,1839,1866]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" refId="ref11673" refString="Burmeister, H. (1855) Handbuch der entomologie. Vierter band. Befondere entomologie. Fortfessung. Zweite Abtheilung. Coleoptera Lamellicornia Phyllophaga chaenochela. Bei Theodor Johann Christian Friedrich Enslin, Berlin, x + 569 pp." type="book" year="1855">Burmeister, 1855</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFCBE4B0915E4F8B0" authority="Moser, 1924" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1924" box="[865,1190,1840,1866]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dicheloschema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFCBE4B09154CF8B0" box="[865,1038,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Dicheloschema</emphasis>
Moser, 1924
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFB6E4B091029F894" authority="Deyrolle &amp; Fairmaire, 1878" authorityName="Deyrolle &amp; Fairmaire" authorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Diphycerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFB6E4B091470F8B0" box="[1201,1330,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Diphycerus</emphasis>
Deyrolle &amp; Fairmaire, 1878
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFE794B6C1390F894" authority="Arrow, 1920" authorityName="Arrow" authorityYear="1920" box="[422,722,1876,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Xenoceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFE794B6C137FF894" box="[422,573,1877,1902]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Xenoceraspis</emphasis>
Arrow, 1920
</taxonomicName>
) and the New World 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFC1B4B6D1533F894" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" box="[964,1137,1876,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Dichelonychini">Dichelonychini</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFB5D4B6D14DAF894" authority="Horn, 1876" authorityName="Horn" authorityYear="1876" box="[1154,1432,1876,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Coenonycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFB5D4B6D144CF894" box="[1154,1294,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Coenonycha</emphasis>
Horn, 1876
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFF484B4110F2F868" authority="Harris, 1827" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1827" box="[151,432,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Dichelonyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFF484B411055F868" box="[151,279,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Dichelonyx</emphasis>
Harris, 1827
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFE324B411245F869" authority="Linell, 1896" authorityName="Linell" authorityYear="1896" box="[493,775,1912,1939]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Gymnopyge" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFE324B411331F868" box="[493,627,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Gymnopyge</emphasis>
Linell, 1896
</taxonomicName>
) are other 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFC5A4B41156AF868" box="[901,1064,1912,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Melolonthinae">Melolonthinae</taxonomicName>
tribes that have tarsal deflection 
<typeStatus id="3E10FEB67920047CFF484BA51185F84C" box="[151,199,1948,1974]" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">type</typeStatus>
II in all legs and empodium and claw sulci long, similar to 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFC874BA512B3F84C" authorityName="Curtis" authorityYear="1835" box="[856,1009,1948,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Ancistrosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFC874BA512B3F84C" box="[856,1009,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Ancistrosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977920047CFC214BA51520F84C" authorityName="LePeletier &amp; Audinet-Serville" authorityYear="1828" box="[1022,1122,1948,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Ceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067920047CFC214BA51520F84C" box="[1022,1122,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="159">Ceraspis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and other above mentioned genera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E11440147921047DFF184CA01531FE71" blockId="21.[151,1437,153,395]" pageId="21" pageNumber="160">
A similar grasping claw movement is also observed in 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977921047DFCFD4CA012CFFF49" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" box="[802,909,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rutelinae">Rutelinae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977921047DFC1D4CA0159CFF4E" authority="(Melolonthinae)" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" baseAuthorityName="Melolonthinae" box="[962,1246,153,180]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hopliini">Hopliini (Melolonthinae)</taxonomicName>
, two large scarab lineages that are widely known by their claw movement (
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067921047DFCC94C871260FF2D" box="[790,802,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="160">e</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067921047DFCF54C87127AFF2D" box="[810,824,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="160">g</emphasis>
., 
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57921047DFC944C841294FF2D" author="Arrow, G. J." box="[843,982,189,215]" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" refId="ref11186" refString="Arrow, G. J. (1917) Coleoptera, Lamellicornia. Part II. (Rutelinae, Desmonycinae, and Euchirinae). In: Shipley, A. E. (Ed.), The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor and Francis, London, xiii + 387 pp., 5 pls." type="book" year="1917">Arrow 1917</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57921047DFC3E4C841539FF2D" author="Lacroix, M." box="[993,1147,189,215]" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" pagination="1 - 399" refId="ref13292" refString="Lacroix, M. (1997) Insectes coleopteres Hoplidae. Faune de Madagascar, 88 (1 &amp; 2), 1 - 399 &amp; 400 - 755." type="journal article" year="1997">Lacroix 1997</bibRefCitation>
). These tarsal characteristics were used to group 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977921047DFE7A4CD81340FF01" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" box="[421,514,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hopliini">Hopliini</taxonomicName>
within 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977921047DFD854CD81387FF01" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" box="[602,709,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rutelinae">Rutelinae</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067921047DFD094CDB13A0FF01" box="[726,738,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="160">e</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067921047DFD364CDB13B5FF01" box="[745,759,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="160">g</emphasis>
., 
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57921047DFCD24CD812E3FF01" author="Baraud, J." box="[781,929,224,251]" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" pagination="1 - 651" refId="ref11250" refString="Baraud, J. (1985) Coleopteres Scarabaeoidea, faune du Nord de l'Afrique de Maroc au Sinai. Encyclopedie Entomologique, 46, 1 - 651." type="journal article" year="1985">Baraud 1985</bibRefCitation>
), but phylogenetic hypotheses show two distinct evolutionary events in both taxa (
<bibRefCitation id="853A3DE57921047DFD9B4D3C1255FEE5" author="Ahrens, D. &amp; Scott, M. &amp; Vogler, A. P." box="[580,791,261,287]" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" pagination="408 - 415" refId="ref11122" refString="Ahrens, D., Scott, M. &amp; Vogler, A. P. (2011) The phylogeny of monkey beetles based on mitochondrial and ribosomal RNA genes (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Hopliini). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 60, 408 - 415. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2011.04.011" type="journal article" year="2011">
Ahrens 
<emphasis id="D3DF9C067921047DFD424D3F138CFEE5" box="[669,718,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="160">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
). Despite the importance of grasping claws in systematics of scarab groups, within 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977921047DFE734D10130DFEB9" box="[428,591,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Melolonthinae">Melolonthinae</taxonomicName>
these characteristics are diagnostic for some tribes (as Diphycerini, 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977921047DFA974D1011BEFE9D" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Dichelonychini">Dichelonychini</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977921047DFEE84D7410DBFE92" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" box="[311,409,333,360]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Hopliini">Hopliini</taxonomicName>
), and within 
<taxonomicName id="26AB3B977921047DFDF64D741396FE9D" box="[553,724,333,359]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Macrodactylini">Macrodactylini</taxonomicName>
they are used to differentiate some genera, as above noted. The cladistic implications of the characters discussed are being further studied by the author.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>