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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="2687" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60312" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f7861b26-e5ab-4514-b1d6-43b20d4fd09e" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-71-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F4A6B07592295E6B87CEB9ACD3B4C866" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4587077" ID-ZooBank="A978D1056D7F4858BA278639B76A6039" ModsDocID="2625-8498-71-1" checkinTime="1641857464217" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Koehler, Gunther, Vargas, Joseph, Than, Ni Lar, Schell, Tilman, Janke, Axel, Pauls, Steffen U. &amp; Thammachoti, Panupong" docDate="2021" docId="2EC2723117B754ABAF73BF11F306E817" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 71: 1-26" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 71" docPubDate="2021-02-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60312" docTitle="Phrynoglossus myanhessei Koehler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="4D51EF6E-E61D-4A91-90EC-56B160400126" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="F4A6B07592295E6B87CEB9ACD3B4C866" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="F4A6B07592295E6B87CEB9ACD3B4C866" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the genus Phrynoglossus in Indochina with the description of a new species and comments on the classification within Occidozyginae (Amphibia, Anura, Dicroglossidae)" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732828035578" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="05673893D1100AF72922028865683A80">
<mods:title id="78B7D611FA3E27EF2C170A2E963700C5">A taxonomic revision of the genus Phrynoglossus in Indochina with the description of a new species and comments on the classification within Occidozyginae (Amphibia, Anura, Dicroglossidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A221EFE0EBCDDB5E75798F067FA6D72E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A9221A0AC0DC662C64EF6465677A491A">
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<mods:namePart id="E8D657BDB0EC2B182B9E27944E911129">Koehler, Gunther</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="57450F77E69CECD4D381CC9CA0D2FFFA">Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt a. M., Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4FD3B5ED3E9E475534FA05619D44903A">Vargas, Joseph</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0860D41388572E00F20F06E64C74196F">Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt a. M., Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="43455F280277F39F3FE44D8AC25ED483" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6E441DBEE8CCBC5C68CFAA26ED4591E1">
<mods:roleTerm id="9A246B156F48735FE94D2C9EEDEBA62A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1BE37F95BE484E1790C14A059B78D42B">Than, Ni Lar</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2A8FD7D3CD1018EE8EBDD0DDB98E29B8">East Yangon University, Thanlyin, Yangon, Myanmar; nilarthan 65 @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C7B3562286E4B18567F9BE318ED61AFF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4C8472042D18BBCA5E37F15A34B42569">
<mods:roleTerm id="4A4027FCF6FD308E2EB0CFB4AAFFA837">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="088263908690DD682ADD249274E36E56">Schell, Tilman</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D05F4C84E7434F0C97A7ED2F464A9A2A">LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt a. M., Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5FA237987250E85FEF564B7B136E413D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5372FA53226919FA1AD28DF8A6830B1D">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E0A91263437CE47B8345E939749927C5">Janke, Axel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AA04CDFF14BD4D78E6C3E5FA1BAFABC3">LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt a. M., Germany &amp; Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Georg-Voigt-Strasse 14 - 16, 60325 Frankfurt a. M., Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="784B3CE215DF8FAF1161E5F9A82329DB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5CC5FD4C871237551EF4958A05AB880A">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7C7AF5486479B0972E9CE60457AFEA2F">Pauls, Steffen U.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="732C1EF981197596CDAB6668BBC3CA57" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6451-3425</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="520EE6C8D637AC3151CE9C36160A0BD6">Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt a. M., Germany &amp; LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt a. M., Germany &amp; Institute of Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 - 32, 35392 Giessen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3427EA71AD1B5ABFCA97594FBEB8A9A4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5F8C30E553AC81FF339B8F2BEC324E04">
<mods:roleTerm id="B1B435B88C342108ECE50AEC1B3171E0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D6D76562940E923E6CD92E67C42C6EEB">Thammachoti, Panupong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF47A7569A7F0E3FDBAAC9C2496BC961">Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University; Bangkok, Thailand 10330</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="71EE6A3DA74BEB4E78A7448D5363134F" type="email">panupong.th@chula.ac.th</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4F7225DE9EB9E0ABA1FE7889234550A5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E7F5A02DB0E0331B5B6366FDB0BC23E0">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="519AFA8BCF997947BA6EB70E8205722B">
<mods:date id="C2B7ED969A801DEBD1751A939570850A">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8BC2DE81634EEE4EC9A4DB7DA83E15DC" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="2C03239C1148F58C89C6902FBDE3FF83">2021-02-26</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A3B2A9117E3317A4740BE77A1DC3B2D0" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3CF2415C55C7E53DEE956400AB58C0FD">71</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="1FFEE0FD0476B1EEA8A7AAE0D08F493D">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="554941BB94523762A3DC776B3544FA3D">26</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="0FD7F1AD1C971C570828E82B7052A87F">
<mods:url id="20C3072EDB4C2D5B4F64B893734E137F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60312</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="FFC036DCB6342D58AB53680479687983">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="98A64D98F133FED4ADE6518438DF3AE2" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e60312</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="567541A57841A9B95BDB031F80E7A422" type="Pensoft-Pub">2625-8498-71-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="03BBF8DF8332F3A68ED089B0EC5B9CBF" type="ZooBank">A978D1056D7F4858BA278639B76A6039</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="648BD9691FE72A395C1C90EB3BED3578" type="Pensoft-UUID">F4A6B07592295E6B87CEB9ACD3B4C866</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="455C15F4841EC97E741E017E2EAAA28D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="results and conclusions">
<treatment id="2EC2723117B754ABAF73BF11F306E817" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191979864" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4D51EF6E-E61D-4A91-90EC-56B160400126" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2EC2723117B754ABAF73BF11F306E817" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Amphibia" scope_family="Dicroglossidae" scope_order="Anura" scope_subFamily="Occidozyginae">
<subSubSection id="C4BBC32A46F1A3CA6C4578E0EB16058D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9607C346456987106B203F0D0500AA05" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="0C4D7CDBB6073BD9512404B000A82E4F" LSID="http://zoobank.org/4D51EF6E-E61D-4A91-90EC-56B160400126" authority="Köhler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti" authorityName="Koehler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei" status="sp. nov.">
Phrynoglossus myanhessei
<normalizedToken id="A6E85770397F1F1A62A0499EC8E3D378" originalValue="Köhler">Koehler</normalizedToken>
, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7E2ADEAA9D7265179295823ABE696D4A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5D481EBF1AEB4284698C158DD938F496" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="6C735E6C9F73F554F734B60627D4822A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="58B98B537A1A6344F76818E7D5825734" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 8. Holotype of Phrynoglossus myanhessei n. sp. (SMF 103841). Scale bars equal 10.0 mm (A, B) and 5 mm (C-F). Photos by G. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="102DA5DD667578EF5A92307D42188BF9" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. Holotype of Phrynoglossus myanhessei sp. n. (SMF 103841). Scale bars equal 5.0 mm. Photos by G. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514224" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="893ED4CCF858801E07D22BF3625722DC" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Phrynoglossus myanhessei sp. n. in life. (A) Male holotype, SMF 103841; (B) male paratype, SMF 103840; (C) male paratype, SMF 103799; (D) female paratype, SMF 103798. Photos by G. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514225" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 10</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D7F294C9E46E7F95C797B80C14711264" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="holotype">
<paragraph id="0164A4C7CAB19FE17CA9D623F954D7A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CDCDD975E45770B53419CC1D79288155" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
SMF 103841, an adult male collected at East Yangon University (
<geoCoordinate id="FAF45CB22E64FC741968E694AB975C83" degrees="16.77737" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.77737">16.77737</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="13C95C31DE40514BA6899A493A859E03" degrees="96.24065" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="96.24065">96.24065</geoCoordinate>
; 17 m a.s.l.), Thanlyin, Yangon, Myanmar, collected 6 July 2017 by Gunther
<normalizedToken id="A9F7BEAAD709C163168D61412D663908" originalValue="Köhler">Koehler</normalizedToken>
and Ni Lar Than. Field tag number GK-6728.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3DEA4B67F01140A270EBA3B005C0DA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="paratypes">
<paragraph id="BD83E21C03D7F417E7B75C21BDDE86CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E8405FD4533E3787B604821CC0B98B29" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SMF 103840, same collecting data as holotype; SMF 103797-99, same locality data and collectors as holotype but collected 15 June 2018. All paratypes are adult males except for SMF 103798 which is an adult female.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DA26F3324059A8677A17039396887F3A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="563966411DEFE2CB4DABBC89335C1324" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F7759E6CBB4948E8B95BF785A9F1C62" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="0D91093CB11765CE30A0B4CF5C032529" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2AB0D46CAA619E64FCDD45A21954B701" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as defined above that differs from all mainland Southeast Asian congeners by having (1) a large body size (males 22.0-27.4 mm; females 28.4-31.3 mm); (2) relatively small tympanum (ratio TYD/SVL 0.48-0.92); and (3) call duration of male advertisement call 85-114 ms.
<taxonomicName id="7BC753CFB2622B46C34AA28FF71A7C2C" authorityName="Koehler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="5A4745CEED3A846F5B5F476832A4382A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from its congeners in Indochina (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="953D9D73B0EA85B7C837F964CD011F6C" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. martensii" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martensii">
<emphasis id="19ECF619D28389B49D35D77E5A8B0951" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. martensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="485C3E6FE941946191FE541BBD0AD7A5" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. magnapustulosus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnapustulosus">
<emphasis id="0898AE25342CB27A5A26D233A37896E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. magnapustulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in the male advertisement call, most obvious in call duration (85-114 ms in
<taxonomicName id="CF8D454271EBCBA00E985411ED803396" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="F103E9F07DADEB560B17F490AB0F294B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 32-52 ms in
<taxonomicName id="ACE4FE92DF3E2D1690BDB8E6032C4084" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. martensii" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martensii">
<emphasis id="EDB28C9666B226A402AFAAD0706F54A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. martensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 243-437 ms in
<taxonomicName id="95A63AEF42FE7839AA16005B4096F1EE" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. magnapustulosus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnapustulosus">
<emphasis id="D54377D4417A94DA14425E02EE2B2447" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. magnapustulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and dominant frequency (2454-2885 Hz in
<taxonomicName id="EAD59D9600FA0BEA62659F3ACA394A42" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="93B70C8B7E2A6DDAF7B83AAA3947E73E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 3338-3962 Hz in
<taxonomicName id="3EBC7431F8A0F9024BAB53338FBFC48D" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. martensii" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martensii">
<emphasis id="F0BB1442E32CCB45EA7AF063A52F1DA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. martensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 3187-3790 Hz in
<taxonomicName id="67759798839AC5EBF3590DC35A3D7F29" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. magnapustulosus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnapustulosus">
<emphasis id="42F193A5FA8913CA0D5AEA846CB00720" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. magnapustulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="903F060C343F777DFF7D81BD5FF6525D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comparisons">
<paragraph id="9E75D598C96B63273073F80F7F6BA778" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E6AAEBC49B752C5B4B4106141869E181" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="9B1181FA3D9FFD223647A6BD17836D74" authorityName="Koehler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="9E3176DABE95976168C1F6DA466658C5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from its congeners as follows (condition for
<taxonomicName id="5CAC469E0DA5A087924585D22C2AF75D" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="195EC5EF63B4C81FEA9D5F50B69201E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in parentheses).
<taxonomicName id="6C703257265501CFB111A38DF409D268" baseAuthorityName="Mertens" baseAuthorityYear="1927" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus floresianus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="floresianus">
<emphasis id="F8EFE77BF415656862068088558E7095" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus floresianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D426A2368B0E25C97C46F260448357AA" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. semipalmatus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semipalmatus">
<emphasis id="BD245861E4354F9C3CC9990765E5844C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. semipalmatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="D14C3A7FEBEDC74075616146B9382B71" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tompotika" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tompotika">
<emphasis id="C06A4DBD3278C42828E82DD8FF2CBC7E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. tompotika</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
all have distinctly enlarged flattened toe and finger disks (tips of toes rounded, only slightly expanded into discs, not distinctly flattened);
<taxonomicName id="0359182C8620B94B3EB16360000332B3" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. floresianus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="floresianus">
<emphasis id="4E5C80293E4B4F9B524107ECFCB9F9D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. floresianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="870DEB6D3943DAA3E13EF097A9F12985" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. laevis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="07D3BFFF343830B7BD388A80D15FC070" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are much larger frogs, 35-37 mm in males, 40-51 mm in adult females in
<taxonomicName id="7EB67B2C51BA19F24FB27F42013C5A89" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. floresianus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="floresianus">
<emphasis id="13EED2978F02AC853E66E279C0287AF1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. floresianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 26-42 mm in males, 35-62 mm in females in
<taxonomicName id="8780118F880B0B27A64876C66445F761" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. laevis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="9E1B188E2DC0D3658F3B8ECAFA0D3ED6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(males 22.0-27.4 mm; females 28.4-31.3 mm); furthermore, the eyes are directed dorsolaterally in
<taxonomicName id="9BB85179B5368DC5A7AF9B35A58D9222" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. laevis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laevis">
<emphasis id="21217D067EF63720FFAFC1D520B29196" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. laevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E21BF50CBC13043AF6FCF1F4F0B137C5" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. celebensis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="celebensis">
<emphasis id="FF2F2DE740AE11FA44E71BCFAE1FAED8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. celebensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(laterally);
<taxonomicName id="EA1FF52C27A79C2C8E8B9F5DB461AB98" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. baluensis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baluensis">
<emphasis id="E6DC9D2255955EC5E4E43E1EC17BCFA5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. baluensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
usually has a large inverted U-shaped ridge on the dorsum (no such ridge present) and reduced toe webbing with at least two phalanges free of webbing along fourth toe (feet almost fully webbed, less than one phalange free of webbing along fourth toe);
<taxonomicName id="D53B99FFFE8227CDF3F13D5E115F43B4" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sumatranus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sumatranus">
<emphasis id="853D4AF32F1161F4BF28B7BDD0C5F29A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. sumatranus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a dark brown band on each side of the cloaca (such band absent), diamond shaped pupil (ovoid), and its eyes are oriented dorsolaterally (laterally);
<taxonomicName id="ED33F4744B18082EA8E12B1D4E72E66A" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. diminutivus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminutivus">
<emphasis id="04E5D9244C5F23AA3263CAA1BF8DA51A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. diminutivus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has reduced toe webbing with two phalanges free of webbing along fourth toe (feet almost fully webbed, less than one phalange free of webbing along fourth toe);
<taxonomicName id="276240BCD919A88E591A5599D167A8B8" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. martensii" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martensii">
<emphasis id="D9F4E74B4EA95ACC5F1C8A14DAB24D7E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. martensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1504B1D7A7CF0AB2454CF94E1D058DBB" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. magnapustulosus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnapustulosus">
<emphasis id="5B20381222234919075AD21E3918764B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. magnapustulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are smaller frogs, 20-23 mm in males, 26-30 mm in adult females in
<taxonomicName id="C07D260B9172E42E6B06DCD6540DE71E" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. martensii" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martensii">
<emphasis id="A7BF9F74BC2508338B5397E301629A60" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. martensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 17-20 mm in males, 17-24 mm in females in
<taxonomicName id="F7A94471A789CCC0E99E8488C12ED691" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. magnapustulosus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnapustulosus">
<emphasis id="5AD23A02EE44C7B7830D130814AEF22A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. magnapustulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(males 22.0-27.4 mm; females 28.4-31.3 mm); furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="831E836CC43FFD9B241DDF1FE4047036" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. magnapustulosus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnapustulosus">
<emphasis id="8B0B6D24CE6A7C4F751240109E51C1D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. magnapustulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a relatively larger tympanum, ratio tympanum/SVL 0.055-0.099, mean 0.082 (0.029-0.066, mean 0.050). Also,
<taxonomicName id="CA7E9833D0BE21C02027EB59830EFE17" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. martensii" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martensii">
<emphasis id="97DE305933F37FC22A123BC4088BA888" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. martensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a relatively broader head, ratio HW/SVL 0.336-0.401, mean 0.357 in males, 0.338-0.388, mean 0.351 in females (0.286-0.369, mean 0.338 in males, 0.283-0.354, mean 0.312 in females).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43831F7DC9C9A2031D91F791D646707D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="65BDCF52408CB748A1E5D69942ABE496" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description of the holotype</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7DB1A2945AB152C14DD40A1FE1E8B6D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
(Figs
<figureCitation id="820B21F62CFE3A2BE39E3BB19E72D7FD" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 8. Holotype of Phrynoglossus myanhessei n. sp. (SMF 103841). Scale bars equal 10.0 mm (A, B) and 5 mm (C-F). Photos by G. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">8</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="9A07D60935772B4C8B91C6E9E1CDE050" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. Holotype of Phrynoglossus myanhessei sp. n. (SMF 103841). Scale bars equal 5.0 mm. Photos by G. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514224" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
). Adult male, as indicated by dark colored throat region and presence of vocal slits; SVL 23.56 mm; habitus robust; head broad, about as wide as long, ratio HL/HW 1.06; snout nearly rounded in dorsal view, projecting beyond lower jaw, rounded in profile; nostril dorsolateral, closer to tip of snout than eye; canthus rounded; ratio EYD/SVL 0.12; IOD (2.12) greater than width of upper eyelid (1.94); tympanum concealed, slightly depressed relative to skin of temporal region, tympanic rim weakly elevated relative to tympanum; ratio TYD/EYD 0.42; vomerine teeth absent; tongue fleshy, rounded, without notch; tips of all four fingers rounded, not expanded into discs; relative finger lengths III&gt;I&gt;IV&gt;II; no webbing; distinct subarticular tubercles, palmar tubercle distinct, bifid; thenar tubercle large, about twice the size of palmar tubercle; tips of toes rounded, slightly expanded into discs; relative toe lengths IV&gt;III&gt;V&gt;II&gt;I; feet almost fully webbed, webbing formula I 0.8-0.8 II 0.8-0.8 III 0.8-0.9 IV 0.9-0.8 V; a well-developed flap of skin on postaxial side of Toe V from level of outer metatarsal tubercle to distal subarticular tubercle; strong fold on distal one-half of tarsus; large, flap-like inner metatarsal tubercle; outer metatarsal tubercle not differentiated, but rather two tiny tubercles present in that area; skin on top of head and on dorsum and flank smooth; skin on throat and venter shagreen; skin on upper surface of forelimbs and thigh with low, rounded tubercles, that of dorsal surface of shank with scattered keratinized pointed tubercles; indistinct, glandular supratympanic fold from posterior edge of upper eyelid along upper margin of tympanum and then obliquely down to shoulder; no dorsolateral fold. Measurements (mm) of holotype: SVL 23.56; HL 8.91; HW 8.44; SL 3.60; EYD 2.81; IOD 2.12; TYD 1.17; TED 0.67; SHL 12.51; THL 12.52; HNL 6.04; FL 12.22; NED 2.37; IND 1.92.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1C39A4CC39F076F7B97B951C07E26F40" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514223" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 8" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="1B6ACE2841DF81BB84F0148A4113A7DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="26B1AE0EA7E56C6CE0B0D1EF4BE82FA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 8.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="CBFC3D6B22FF8D62D23CEFC2374F9258" authorityName="Koehler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="25511352D3484F279B3A45AC80880D20" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="EE2F27D087629085268717810BB7ADC8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n. sp.</emphasis>
(SMF 103841). Scale bars equal 10.0 mm (A, B) and 5 mm (C-F). Photos by G.K.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="80390E032FFEE6B413ACC235A4E84EAD" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514224" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 9" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="CA1ADCAC6C974399130013619F377C19" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="27EB93F526DF9F2F8C9CAD1219A1D6D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="1FE37ED63116101D609F8DB55E6A3359" authorityName="Koehler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="CA5E2B6023DD96CD9EED003D4E28EF0E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="77977C80E3DDF3F08F05D54656F448D6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</emphasis>
(SMF 103841). Scale bars equal 5.0 mm. Photos by G.K.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="413F6FB411071763B197CBDC764405E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Coloration in life was recorded as follows (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EE856D97CFBDAB7EC0C8DC4FA415E56D" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 10. Phrynoglossus myanhessei sp. n. in life. (A) Male holotype, SMF 103841; (B) male paratype, SMF 103840; (C) male paratype, SMF 103799; (D) female paratype, SMF 103798. Photos by G. K." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514225" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">10</figureCitation>
): Dorsal and lateral ground color of head and body Drab-Gray (256) with indistinct Raw Umber (280) blotches and mottling; dorsal surfaces of forelimbs True Cinnamon (260) with Raw Umber (280) speckles; dorsal surfaces of hind limbs Drab-Gray (256) with Raw Umber (280) transverse broken bars; a Drab-Gray (256) oblique bar from anterior corner of eye to snout; throat region heavily suffused with Vandyke Brown (282); venter Pale Neutral Gray (296) with Smoky White (261) stipples; ventral surfaces of forelimbs Medium Fawn Color (257); ventral surfaces of hind limbs Cream White (52); iris Olive Brown (278) with a suffusion of Orange-Rufous (56) above and whitish below.
</paragraph>
<caption id="039408967BAF5B7D3939C7F13138D453" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514225" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 10" startId="F11">
<paragraph id="9AEEF3DD544813B9AA0F840D7C356AE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="AB21C26E746A7DE8E3640E6538E2EB7B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CD053EB037D2299E0320959BB7CE5831" authorityName="Koehler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="35D2F0F17C628ED21549BE2498FA34D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6C187A83E2DB31F3FF1AF03DEC81DAB0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</emphasis>
in life. (A) Male holotype, SMF 103841; (B) male paratype, SMF 103840; (C) male paratype, SMF 103799; (D) female paratype, SMF 103798. Photos by G.K.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="843A2590F32C4EE571B4BC41EA60649F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Coloration after about three years preservation in 70% ethanol was recorded as follows: Dorsal and lateral ground color of head and body Glaucous (272) with indistinct Sepia (279) blotches and mottling; dorsal surfaces of hind limbs Glaucous (272) with Sepia (279) transverse broken bars; a Drab-Gray (256) oblique bar from anterior corner of eye to snout; supraocular region Dusky Brown (285); throat region Glaucous (289) with Pale Buff (1) stipples; venter Pale Buff (1) with Smoky White (261) stipples; ventral surfaces of forelimbs Glaucous (289); ventral surfaces of hind limbs Light Buff (2).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A1B8250D5562179DFA5C487041397F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="variation">
<paragraph id="B04DF4FF15EB9DB548FBCEDF7B4C86E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E699D32405977DF2EFA37A47996F062F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The paratypes agree well with the holotype in general appearance; morphometrics and coloration (see Table
<tableCitation id="DF5CF19E7EB732B6877E847D176CD647" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Selected measurements and proportions of the species of Phrynoglossus. Range is followed by mean value and standard deviation in parentheses. For abbreviations see text." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/88D06E2D57C16026F91AFE99F024CDD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="88D06E2D57C16026F91AFE99F024CDD3">3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0E899D951472ACAF21B67845FA833ECF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="02606097F37F10006A04A6D955BCCA66" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD1CF65DE5E8701A37CE7917DCFCA553" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="925490D14F89D7525487F6E818A43C32" originalValue="“Myan”">&quot;Myan&quot;</normalizedToken>
is
<normalizedToken id="46E8362C7D926D34F82952523849F36B" originalValue="Myanmar’s">Myanmar's</normalizedToken>
abbreviated name and was chosen because this species is endemic to Myanmar as far as we know.
<normalizedToken id="38DAF7990C65F1C04FB6A9308BC59677" originalValue="“hessei”">&quot;hessei&quot;</normalizedToken>
was chosen in recognition of the long-term support and funding of Senckenberg by the German State of Hesse. In combination, the species name
<taxonomicName id="F09A5E98591D20FCB1E8A10F70962832" authorityName="Koehler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="16256900FC628BBF084457591BFB3DB7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reflects the long-term productive collaboration of researchers from Hesse and Myanmar in the field of herpetology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="331165E5CF881C07364B3F882A15A4E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
<paragraph id="EDB2342005EF8706ACA8C2B0706343CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5C28048A8F6C1EC666C4EB3B80FADA0A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">At the type locality, the specimens were collected at night in a patch of muddy grass area, partly open, partly covered by bushes and low trees. The frogs were sitting at the edge of small shallow temporary water bodies.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F629159EEB9527A0B4360C75234AB222" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7A1C1684A9C805C19BC2E78B893B1F12" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Geographic Distribution and Conservation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="54774A67903E9877FF2DC82E1765BCCF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
As currently known,
<taxonomicName id="0CC139EBCA68C1DA534AA368C5AD1B70" authorityName="Koehler, Vargas, Than &amp; Thammachoti" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="66CAD1979779971A7E73586CA82A1700" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to central and lower Myanmar (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D07D39B3175BC7DD145F35810946C585" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 11. Map indicating collecting localities of the Phrynoglossus species occurring in Indochina. Each symbol can represent one or more adjacent localities. Black squares: P. myanhessei n. sp.; black circles: P. martensii; green pentagons: P. cf. martensii; black triangles: P. magnapustulosus; white circles: additional specimens of Phrynoglossus from the FMNH, not examined by authors." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514226" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11</figureCitation>
). This species was abundant wherever we found it. Thus, we classify it as Least Concern according to the IUCN categories (IUCN, 2012).
</paragraph>
<caption id="D9E40F19C1888318C0BCC3D729F3CF0D" doi="10.3897/vz.71.e60312.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/514226" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 11" startId="F12">
<paragraph id="3D8927DBBFF3681B930446B2D365CA11" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="4F1911E3D8265ED60B53E058F7294D44" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 11.</emphasis>
Map indicating collecting localities of the
<taxonomicName id="070217B936F7265FE74E942D6F395ACF" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DD0ECD499B66D5553AFE7D5E47689D92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species occurring in Indochina. Each symbol can represent one or more adjacent localities. Black squares:
<taxonomicName id="9BF71BB74C8F62B1FDFEDD0C142D4C24" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. myanhessei" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="myanhessei">
<emphasis id="72DA3D1C83296FE27B538EB6954AB03E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. myanhessei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A72418A015B2B5BA142B881713D14709" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n. sp.</emphasis>
; black circles:
<taxonomicName id="1665CC47E8850FBA7BDCC953F6876CBF" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. martensii" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martensii">
<emphasis id="49A29BCDBBC2035A4E33625816AF67B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. martensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; green pentagons:
<taxonomicName id="1DB6FD516242BD4B2A832378D7858597" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. martensii" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martensii">P. cf. martensii</taxonomicName>
; black triangles:
<taxonomicName id="F2E10F0DE8CE0E1F2A17BDB188D043FC" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. magnapustulosus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnapustulosus">
<emphasis id="0661637F56FC1C5B85CC5FAB31B4F096" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. magnapustulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; white circles: additional specimens of
<taxonomicName id="CBE59051CEDB3B0A4FECC0D60BA3F816" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D0A00890B8E8569569D098DBC8B38036" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the FMNH, not examined by authors.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D3C8F8DE9DE2DEB6D478024AD95E7FCD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="3D8DCA344E5D018AD71F2642035C1142" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genomic characterization.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="927BB7844E52BF88D2E865C4E2DE0D4F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Whole genome sequencing and assembly: Illumina sequencing yielded 616,151,068 short-reads with a data amount of 92.4 Gb. K-mer analysis estimated the genome size to 2.6 Gb and heterozygosity 0.9%. The mitochondrial genome was assembled into one circular sequence with a length of 18,348 bp (accession number MW405414). All expected 13 protein coding genes, 2 rRNAs, 23 tRNAs, one D-loop region and the origin of replication could be annotated on the mitochondrial genome sequence. A pairwise alignment to the complete mitochondrial genome of
<taxonomicName id="7B3D57B2813240B78A31B19E524DFA85" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Dicroglossidae" genus="Phrynoglossus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phrynoglossus martensii" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martensii">
<emphasis id="0D9EEBED7AE70AC968F829104A774606" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phrynoglossus martensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(GU177877) shows 77.1% pairwise identity. The final nuclear genome assembly contains 1,446,664 contigs with a total length of 1,829,122,027, an N50 of 1,468 and a GC of 41.07%. The backmapping rate is as high as 98.9% and after filtering, the genome sequence coverage of the holotype specimen is uniformly distributed at 25
<normalizedToken id="186505C5B6DCA088CF56532C4BF6B363" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
. The BUSCO search resulted in 20.8% present BUSCOs (C:8.5%[S:8.4%,D:0.1%],F:12.3%,M:79.2%,n:5310) and no contamination could be identified by interpreting the blobplot. Raw reads and the draft-genome assemblies can be found within the BioProject PRJNA687006. For further details see Appendix 3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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