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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="297097" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7316535" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f9373c90-73c5-4ee4-b0f8-4c371f527d91" ID-ISBN="0-8018-8221-4" checkinTime="1670905209323" checkinUser="guido" docAuthor="Wilson, Don E. &amp; Reeder, DeeAnn" docDate="2005" docId="EF1BF5D72264E47AAE3C064FCAA03D75" docLanguage="en" docName="MammalSpeciesofTheWorld.2005.Muridae.1189-1531.xml" docOrigin="Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press" docTitle="Tokudaia muenninki Johnson 1946" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" lastPageNumber="1512" masterDocId="A2267A57FF8A65DA07E1D2E970F9422A" masterDocTitle="Order Rodentia - Family Muridae" masterLastPageNumber="1531" masterPageNumber="1189" pageNumber="1512" updateTime="1716781534040" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="DCB3013B6110D7B14ED4E2E7FA4CED01">Order Rodentia - Family Muridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E9C7C8BD2E06770299949FD5B9F3E6C2">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9DA35BEB8A62D219752A0F6E21A6BF1C">Reeder, DeeAnn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A747E844F82A2E2D154FA0B8C1902C14">Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2</mods:title>
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<treatment id="EF1BF5D72264E47AAE3C064FCAA03D75" ID-GBIF-Taxon="231539734" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF1BF5D72264E47AAE3C064FCAA03D75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF1BF5D72264E47AAE3C064FCAA03D75" lastPageNumber="1512" pageNumber="1512" sourceUrl="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=13001849">
<subSubSection id="55B1D043F4AF050D16EAC4E1DC0B5A94" pageNumber="1512" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A45A6DCFECF7788EE503A07580BE0AA6" pageNumber="1512">
<taxonomicName id="F125D5E9FDA22E0260FCD7EF1BE04049" ID-CoL="57BC9" authority="Johnson 1946" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1512" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muenninki">
<emphasis id="5D2EE1FA7FAA4F4079A7D1B04350BEB8" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">Tokudaia muenninki</emphasis>
Johnson 1946
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C463FB292E4E2FA0FC9E3D9E5E9772EC" pageNumber="1512" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="EA6300FD8A7088C345FB3E7AF0519E88" pageNumber="1512">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8460E374D8A165A31189738164697B" author="Johnson" authority="Johnson 1946" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" journal="Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash." kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" page="170" pageNumber="1512" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muenninki" title="Tokudaia muenninki" volume="59" year="1946">
<taxonomicName id="8CCE0174DE2E8911D126E9FC431BB114" ID-CoL="57BC9" authority="Johnson 1946" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageNumber="1512" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muenninki">
<emphasis id="4AFD17AD01A8CE160440818E865CF9B7" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">Tokudaia muenninki</emphasis>
Johnson 1946
</taxonomicName>
,
<bibCitation id="418A290177EADB092E604E5B3E29FDC6" author="Johnson" journal="Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash." pageNumber="1512" pagination="170" title="Tokudaia muenninki" volume="59" year="1946">Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 59: 170</bibCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BCCF94967A7AB4CEEDDA658BA3C06752" pageNumber="1512" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6C1C0772E5F61E6D70437FB530C81481" pageNumber="1512">
<emphasis id="D39918CFB09685E8632D3359DF241081" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1512">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CEAC88051E3972400C8AB1517DD867CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867324576" country="Japan" pageNumber="1512" stateProvince="Okinawa">
<collectingCountry id="F8C7D6B4DDB68D55C7DF9AA8395E329D" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Ryukyu Isls (= Nansei Isls), N
<collectingRegion id="F53FB67C306A17E065BB2464177A6DDE" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
Isl, Hentona (western coast).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="626B72B022CE1822D091EF6C582AC345" pageNumber="1512" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="D226C0B8F06E03F6E6626F886084AAA6" pageNumber="1512">
<emphasis id="585F4F3138DE254D30D89097FEE43F92" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1512">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="1EC2D6283C414CDEAD3CBE7A18C61C7C" language="eng" pageNumber="1512">
<collectingRegion id="268FC84932915AE2F07F4A1703994F90" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
Island Spiny Rat
</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FEF20E159345B9AADC5E4A3E6DEC33E" pageNumber="1512" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E623F31674A6F68C22223ED8B31DB0D3" pageNumber="1512">
<emphasis id="6A19E13F3A159072847C0297A7C1BCCD" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1512">Distribution:</emphasis>
Known by modern specimens from N
<collectingRegion id="30F1489A1FE87C3F2C5C11856B0B0C59" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
, and late Pleistocene and Holocene samples from
<collectingRegion id="55B8A268E6C7289F2FB7CF91BDB70D6F" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
and adjacent island of Le-jima (
<bibRefCitation id="34A175DD9BB9B0A3F0823B7C1E9DF0A6" author="Kawamura, Y." refId="ref181787" refString="Kawamura, Y. 1989. Quaternary rodent faunas in the Japanese Islands (Part 2). Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Series of Geology and Mineralogy, 54 (1 - 2): 1 - 235." year="1989">Kawamura, 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CA5D6DB0AF8129D5944360726DB00292" author="Kowalski, K. &amp; Y. Hasegawa" refId="ref195984" refString="Kowalski, K., and Y. Hasegawa. 1976. Quaternary rodents from Japan. Bulletin of the National Science Museum (Tokyo), ser. C (Geology and Paleontology), 2 (1): 31 - 66." year="1976">Kowalski and Hasegawa, 1976</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2DB574E5E714FF659D9262EB6E6FE45E" pageNumber="1512" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="2E3E319A0F30A1E737051FB77CA8020C" pageNumber="1512">
<emphasis id="B253720D87A64C36FEDA28C891053C6D" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1512">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="FB88B2B912EE5E650F92715A75779D11">IUCN</collectionCode>
Critically Endangered.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="67C9A0577486D3B853C9DC2F130F2785" pageNumber="1512" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3E2EFF7D431A13E06DF80EB8BDACADA0" pageNumber="1512">
<emphasis id="BA9A17B437C8B4E75C145C7A3A66D5C0" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="1512">Discussion:</emphasis>
<paragraph id="89FED9F917BBD220990436DB1A0666F9" pageNumber="1512">
Originally described as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="DC45499FBF5AEEE85BAB855571B7CC4C" authority="(Johnson, 1946 a)" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osimensis">
<emphasis id="E735BAF8610BDAE8929EC47EE554395C" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">T. osimensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2CA91294F9F75E2C21CED1F3AEAA6FC2" author="Johnson, D. H." refId="ref174287" refString="Johnson, D. H. 1946 a. The spiny rats of the Riu Kiu islands. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 59: 169 - 172." year="1946">
Johnson, 1946
<emphasis id="026C5862762DAE5C5616EEF9D6EEBE3E" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">a</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but chromosomal evidence (2n = 44 for
<taxonomicName id="F7F05F9740778A1E54D1D559530CBFC9" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muenninki">
<emphasis id="F7B3B71D1BE7FF5EBB16E9512D89EB01" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">muenninki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 2n = 25 for
<taxonomicName id="2F094EC16123B735996A976CB677EBBC" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osimensis">
<emphasis id="0ACACBFCAB188396D2B51185EC0A3AB1" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">osimensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), as well as external and cranial morphology distinguish
<taxonomicName id="72644290D3142D26C9B28EE065130A07" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muenninki">
<emphasis id="CE7BCBE961F84D7213B44EBE4B4BEC19" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">muenninki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a separate species (
<bibRefCitation id="B2537360E3455602866F409D8FBE5B1A" author="Kaneko, Y." refId="ref180015" refString="Kaneko, Y. 2001. Morphological discrimination of the Ryuky spiny rat (genus Tokudaia) between the islands of Okinawa and Amami Oshima, in the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan. Mammal Study, 26: 17 - 33." year="2001">Kaneko, 2001</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FED01CBE6421F14D0237B471877E536F" author="Tsuchiya, K." refId="ref360189" refString="Tsuchiya, K. 1981. [On the chromosome variations in Japanese cricetid and murid rodents]. Honyurui Kagaku (Mammalian Science), 42: 51 - 58 (in Japanese, with English abstract)." year="1981">Tsuchiya, 1981</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="A939D6FD27A1DF0DACD7BD69B01BECFA" author="Tsuchiya, K. &amp; S. Wakana &amp; H. Suzuki &amp; S. Hattori &amp; Y. Hayashi" refId="ref360312" refString="Tsuchiya, K., S. Wakana, H. Suzuki, S. Hattori, and Y. Hayashi. 1989. Taxonomic study of Tokudaia (Rodentia: Muridae): I. Genetic differentiation. Memoirs of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, 22: 227 - 234." year="1989">Tsuchiya et al., 1989</bibRefCitation>
). Based upon molar measurements,
<bibRefCitation id="B8BB32DB649F11A4A1905A889F315287" author="Kaneko, Y." refId="ref180015" refString="Kaneko, Y. 2001. Morphological discrimination of the Ryuky spiny rat (genus Tokudaia) between the islands of Okinawa and Amami Oshima, in the Ryukyu Islands, southern Japan. Mammal Study, 26: 17 - 33." year="2001">Kaneko (2001)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that the late Pleistocene specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="1EA04F2771B1169D45B1E0710465BF55" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osimensis">
<emphasis id="960EB3A152BFF661B9C7F4DC1783FB19" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">T. osimensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="72B88027A0465E2D8195B704A3EB2209" author="Kowalski, K. &amp; Y. Hasegawa" refId="ref195984" refString="Kowalski, K., and Y. Hasegawa. 1976. Quaternary rodents from Japan. Bulletin of the National Science Museum (Tokyo), ser. C (Geology and Paleontology), 2 (1): 31 - 66." year="1976">Kowalski and Hasegawa (1976)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="6F407C745DACF9E4B8A884398B80016A" author="Kawamura, Y." refId="ref181787" refString="Kawamura, Y. 1989. Quaternary rodent faunas in the Japanese Islands (Part 2). Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Series of Geology and Mineralogy, 54 (1 - 2): 1 - 235." year="1989">Kawamura (1989</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="28A6E33E98A0F640F3D106884A4659B1" author="Kawamura, Y." refId="ref181832" refString="Kawamura, Y. 1991. Quaternary mammalian faunas in the Japanese Islands. The Quaternary Research, 30 (2): 213 - 220." year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="434D0C2DCC00B15D866CE257ADDA8FD0" author="Kawamura, Y." refId="ref181859" refString="Kawamura, Y. 1994. Late Pleistocene to Holocene mammalian faunal succession in the Japanese Islands, with comments on the Late Quaternary extinctions. Archaeozoologia, 6 (2): 7 - 22." year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
) actually represent
<taxonomicName id="D857AE3A9A9B07C4298DB4A452B46CCD" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muenninki">
<emphasis id="0FBA927E87C2EBB611C8C57AB197956C" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">T. muenninki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B0276797363E145B49D15802110C9C66" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osimensis">
<emphasis id="2F0A66E8177645FBF90BDDAF72D7F423" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">T. osimensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, indicating that both species occurred on
<collectingRegion id="5DBCBEE0633DE980ECE1A73795F9E594" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
during late Pleistocene. Kaneko cautioned, however, that the fossils must be reexamined to confirm these possible identifications.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9EA4C6600CF90FA6AA543F0ABFE89483" pageNumber="1512">
A population of
<taxonomicName id="25319C8AADC5DD2BCFF4FAFA4EBAB5E9" authorityName="Kuroda" authorityYear="1943" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8EF1E4A3BFAC56D0F0B29A82DD9C412" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">Tokudaia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also occurs on Tokuno-shima Isl, south of Amami-oshima and north of
<collectingRegion id="A124A5412B4464444CA092AD99478B24" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
. Chromosomal distinctions between
<taxonomicName id="901F5B630A4DC7706EF12E344409AF56" baseAuthorityName="Johnson" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="osimensis">
<emphasis id="277515E9513227B32FAAAC5EBAAC54EB" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">osimensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2n = 25) from Amami-oshima,
<taxonomicName id="1049C202EC22EE70082E3D15F1A96CEA" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muenninki">
<emphasis id="F1117D29B2B729C70AA1A74140D118C8" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">muenninki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(2n = 44) from
<collectingRegion id="FE36F920AB7FA18287193D3E0231FDE8" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
, and the population from Tokuno-shima Isl (2n = 45) were documented by
<bibRefCitation id="9AF4EF5B2E506DB90E0155D08B34E3C8" author="Honda, T. &amp; H. Suzuki &amp; M. Itoh &amp; K. Hayashi" refId="ref157468" refString="Honda, T., H. Suzuki, M. Itoh, and K. Hayashi. 1978. Karyotypical differences of the Amami spinous country-rat, Tokudaia osimensis osimensis obtained from two neighbouring islands. Japanese Journal of Genetics, 53: 297 - 299." year="1978">Honda et al. (1978)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="BB1E3AD4C158E98D818FD316B186D7E5" author="Tsuchiya, K." refId="ref360189" refString="Tsuchiya, K. 1981. [On the chromosome variations in Japanese cricetid and murid rodents]. Honyurui Kagaku (Mammalian Science), 42: 51 - 58 (in Japanese, with English abstract)." year="1981">Tsuchiya (1981)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="C8609FAFCC08DB1CFD3FDE07494CA33C" author="Tsuchiya, K. &amp; S. Wakana &amp; H. Suzuki &amp; S. Hattori &amp; Y. Hayashi" refId="ref360312" refString="Tsuchiya, K., S. Wakana, H. Suzuki, S. Hattori, and Y. Hayashi. 1989. Taxonomic study of Tokudaia (Rodentia: Muridae): I. Genetic differentiation. Memoirs of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, 22: 227 - 234." year="1989">Tsuchiya et al. (1989)</bibRefCitation>
. While that data suggested the Tokuno-Shima Isl sample to represent a third species, Kaneko unfortunately could not include the population in his morphometric study because it is protected and no voucher specimens have been preserved. Significant differences between samples from Tokuno-shima and Amami-oshima in mtDNA cytochrome
<emphasis id="6F373F340DF1E8EC0D08FC26FB52723F" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">b</emphasis>
sequences and restriction fragment length polymorphism in the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene also led
<bibRefCitation id="08AC206657E7ACD107BBA7D22CF6BBC2" author="Suzuki, H. &amp; M. A. Iwasa &amp; N. Ishii &amp; H. Nagaoka &amp; K. Tsuchiya" refId="ref344865" refString="Suzuki, H., M. A. Iwasa, N. Ishii, H. Nagaoka, and K. Tsuchiya. 1999 a. The genetic status of two insular populations of the endemic spiny rat Tokudaia osimensis (Rodentia, Muridae) of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Mammal Study, 24: 43 - 50." year="1999">
Suzuki et al. (1999
<emphasis id="3AF002DFC2E41A6EA4F4CFCC26BEE521" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">a</emphasis>
)
</bibRefCitation>
to regard the two insular populations as independent species. Molecular data from
<taxonomicName id="8B933564C8A36526D3DA307860243735" authorityName="Johnson" authorityYear="1946" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Tokudaia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muenninki">
<emphasis id="624F7E7FB71F4D31E93C8DD389011010" italics="true" pageNumber="1512">T. muenninki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and morphological information from the population on Tokuno-Shima Isl must be analyzed to test the results implied by present chromosomal information
</paragraph>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>