205 lines
18 KiB
XML
205 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CABEBD757984DC841F20C004C80A760C">A new Nigerian hunter snail species related to Enneaserrata d'Ailly, 1896 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Streptaxidae) with notes on the West African species attributed to Parennea Pilsbry, 1919</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="137EA57123579FFFF31B20263D34F3C7">de Winter, A. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D3D5F19A6AEA586B6E74533295C0CC14">de Gier, Werner</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="A22B5D5B530D5EB9AA6314A38693E424" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156787903" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A22B5D5B530D5EB9AA6314A38693E424" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A22B5D5B530D5EB9AA6314A38693E424" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="C4D53CC1CBDA7B3E2F52929C29AA461C" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9BE18B48EE2AB36C4F5F9A42F1520A6B" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="58BA48FC0B595B6225E1CF02F73C1727" ID-CoL="7R7G5" authority="d'Ailly, 1896" authorityName="d'Ailly" authorityYear="1896" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea serrata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serrata">
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Ennea serrata
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<normalizedToken id="1962A33BEB9A47FC91957F6A4EAF2840" originalValue="d’Ailly">d'Ailly</normalizedToken>
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, 1896
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</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1
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<normalizedToken id="10092A2894B30D852238F975C713D99F" originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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, 2
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<normalizedToken id="4F6BDD79BE35B9C346AA1CDC1AF80E4C" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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, 3
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<normalizedToken id="A6968AD1F0058F6C680308EB9ED84123" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C6B7A736D793BF1EEB38919560E3A472" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0B609C2BE6BB44419F0399349FDA5F0B" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="4CF3DB6F135818F3EAA6750310555146" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea serrata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serrata">Ennea serrata</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="7C6B892838C90EE6817D2ECCC86FB5C4" originalValue="d’Ailly">d'Ailly</normalizedToken>
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, 1896: 17, pl. 1, figs 38-41.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA334E21A2CCF24BF7B3F5A805A2619E" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="66CB0F89BDBA8AFBAA0B763A8D85C6CB" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ptychotrema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychotrema (Ennea) serrata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serrata" subGenus="Ennea">Ptychotrema (Ennea) serrata</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation id="469016459F55626F7B9FEA7CF2DD0DED" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Jaeckel 1956</bibRefCitation>
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: 355.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3768E1CAC4772B640643B850C8121450" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="A1D8383F6E88746DD51BF74B34E7B542" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ptychotrema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychotrema (Ennea) serratum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serratum" subGenus="Ennea">Ptychotrema (Ennea) serratum</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation id="192E99F18CE559E97B002813D3015661" author="Adam, W" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'lnstitut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Biologie" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" pagination="71 - 97" title="Etudes sur les mollusques terrestres de l'Afrique a partir des notes de feu le Dr William Adam. 2. Ptychotrema (Ennea) H. & A. Adams, 1855 (GastropodaPulmonata: Streptaxidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3668378" volume="64" year="1994">Adam et al. 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 89.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="057E49AE00336E40901A5B65A6C1594D" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B19CF91E9ABBBEFBDA91CA81AE92229C" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B3088FDA0CE48347A73EDFA77559950" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<materialsCitation id="008BFC1D043CC6644EA1AD91DF5FD125" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2237200535" collectingDate="1896-01-01" collectingDateMax="1919-12-31" collectingDateMin="1896-01-01" collectionCode="SMNH" country="Cameroon" location="Camerunia, ubi" municipality="Camerunia, ubi" specimenCode="SMNH type- 956" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="CFC66C9636583741F6C091EBD8CD5A88">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCode id="C4AEDB7B452AFFD0FF8A32B32B0C38E2">SMNH type-956</specimenCode>
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, in ethanol):
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<collectingCountry id="800F96C31DA5C26C38314E54481EEA9F">CAMEROON</collectingCountry>
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"
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<collectingMunicipality id="201268DD9B93CD6D76C0495EE739CAFD">Camerunia, ubi</collectingMunicipality>
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?".
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="6652960827B63FF47ED56AF29E9E2EAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2237200533" collectingDate="1896-01-01" collectingDateMax="1919-12-31" collectingDateMin="1896-01-01" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Cameroon" elevation="1850 m" location="Kamerunberg" specimenCode="ZMB 101777" specimenCount="1">
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Other material:
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<collectingCountry id="891B4688BE830DA4550DB33320BEB9EB">CAMEROON</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8D8B5C13FACEE3135B8F07E25451AEEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A22B5D5B530D5EB9AA6314A38693E424:8D8B5C13FACEE3135B8F07E25451AEEC" country="Cameroon" name="Kamerunberg">Kamerunberg</location>
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,
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<location id="39AD788796204552087B181A709DF679" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A22B5D5B530D5EB9AA6314A38693E424:39AD788796204552087B181A709DF679" country="Cameroon" name="Musake Haus">Musake Haus</location>
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,
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<elevation id="67673939782E87F2E684ECB435B5CDF4">1850 m</elevation>
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(
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<specimenCode id="984B9CE0222E51511C0E2A1EF52D34A9">ZMB 101777</specimenCode>
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/
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<specimenCount id="4E028A7E8058827196A4376576DECBA9">1</specimenCount>
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dry shell).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="451996A8A79699A01D2A98A1EFFE88F8" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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The specimen reported by
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<bibRefCitation id="AF2C5616C1BA207C8F69D2BCB80E43B9" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Jaeckel (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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proved to belong to this species and is the second specimen known. Study of both specimens, together with the internal shell morphology revealed by computerised tomography (CT) scanning, enables some emendation of the original description.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="55C0567B652F17BE1A05CA8CCF5495C6" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph id="268C267BBDD2150D31BA474922406623" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F79FECF4B5CC603C5D050515F7358F32" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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Mean shell height 7.1 mm, with c. 7 whorls, mean shell diameter 2.85 mm (Table 1). Shell cylindrical or subcylindrical, widest at penultimate whorl, apical whorls conical and somewhat more convex than the later ones (see also http://www.morphosource.org/Detail/SpecimenDetail/Show/specimen_id/21851). Protoconch with about 2.5 whorls, protoconch of holotype rather worn, sculpture of the Musake specimen appearing smoothish and glossy, but the eroded suture obscures the transition to the teleoconch; in unworn specimens the transition may be marked by the onset of the subsutural crenulations (as is the case in
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<taxonomicName id="5D67DB7312200754E5B943B3DCB3422A" lsidName="E. nigeriensis" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">E. nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., described below). Umbilicus closed, not perforate as indicated in the original description. Umbilical region below the basal lip with fine, sharp ribs. Teleoconch fairly smooth with irregular growth lines, at some spots the subsutural crenulations extending into irregular, oblique ribs. Suture deep. The original description mentions the presence of very fine decussations at the third whorl ('tertius subtus lineis tenuissimis, oculo nudo haud conspicuis,
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<normalizedToken id="D839D276148D7A1955D680236D15AE0A" originalValue="decussatus’">decussatus'</normalizedToken>
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), which were no longer discernable in the holotype, nor in the better-preserved second specimen. Peristome entire, squarish, slightly higher
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<pageBreakToken id="A9E82A24BF9EB287AEE3BD4D852A90E1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" start="start">than</pageBreakToken>
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wide, palatal wall more or less strongly incurved. Columella appears externally as a slightly widened plate, not bidentate as indicated in the original description. CT scanning shows the columella to be a slightly twisted, slender pilaster with a single small dilatation (Fig. 3H, I). Parietal wall emarginate above the angular tooth. Angular lamella starts at the rear side of the strong and protruding angular tooth (an ad-apertural view (Fig. 3J) provides the suggestion of an initial hairpin turn), and coils regularly inwards for about half a whorl, thereby gradually decreasing in height (Fig. 3I, J). Internal wall of body whorl with two palatal folds. The upper fold strong and very long, running for almost an entire whorl from its starting point above the angular tooth towards the palatal lip of the peristome; its termination is just before (and largely obscured by) the swollen palatal lip. The lower palatal fold is less strong and extends for only about half a whorl, ending well before the peristome (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken id="0E9350E4399EEF8591F484D0D0473C90" originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
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). Both folds correspond with external depressions on (parts of) the body whorl.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="D10AB05B7127A4FE6C172D441CA02CD2" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<paragraph id="35B6EFEA8FED5B6177F1F385DCF922E8" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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Table 1. Shell measurements of
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<taxonomicName id="92E037A40B847D89330A8990F3C4842C" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea serrata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serrata">Ennea serrata</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="FE5760CDE032E76DD7E19D869F416619" originalValue="d’Ailly">d'Ailly</normalizedToken>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5BCF367B78B0EDDBD23DCAC7EA988836" lsidName="E. nigeriensis" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">E. nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Abbreviations: SH, shell height; SD, shell diameter; HLW, height of last whorl; PH, peristome height; PD, peristome diameter; W, number of whorls; CT, coiling tightness W:lnH.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="66A7D12F3FAACBF6E492FA403EB3906D" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<table id="BC2AE88F3DF5CD8AA83406155E3A6D79" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<tr id="4CF966284C309672A6B3D4F8B96CB2E8" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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<th id="D50CD97AEB3060DB0063E5FA00A54690" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev id="F2E890E8F66346372232D4AE415DD82B" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">SH</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th id="72CE8FC12AA741BEB09C590D82179CC8" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev id="7F165F2B49DF2A7F14C7B2F351A87A63" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">SD</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th id="6D8C105A53CC8434BF6CF2B00BB2F235" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev id="E61B83B0E86C7F4A297ABEF573227AA3" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">HLW</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th id="3BACF5C13CDB39018B80B92E2BB779D4" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev id="105A13394BB78CB384DCE136DB8851EE" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">PH</abbrev>
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</th>
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<th id="9DE114A62A0E07442BAF9978FD8F2FF2" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">PW</th>
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<th id="3B52A32CA9C5CDAE3E942C6EAE378E3E" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">W</th>
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||
<th id="F9098711B29287B97116F487FAF59BB3" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev id="6BEF613AFA679FCF0BF5876E7DD9F881" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">SH</abbrev>
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||
/
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||
<abbrev id="00F6F082067668FC5A2485BB4E2E7992" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">SD</abbrev>
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||
</th>
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||
<th id="71DEA3FB9DA8FC099B90F0008F18E39F" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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||
<abbrev id="34427B1215A1DCC776AD22412538CEE3" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">HLW</abbrev>
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||
/
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||
<abbrev id="FBDE74942343B87121C1D6CC5C532479" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">SH</abbrev>
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||
</th>
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||
<th id="A9240D9A17BDCE3ABCFCD17385FDE656" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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||
<abbrev id="3D109157B313D30096481434DA4B32EE" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">PH</abbrev>
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||
/
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<abbrev id="AB403ACEF53161194FE8BE392385B579" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">HLW</abbrev>
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</th>
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||
<th id="A34E69659683455422D5F640FDDBF3DB" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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||
<abbrev id="AA776964110D3A0EB5E1816DB4262B37" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">PH</abbrev>
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||
/
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<abbrev id="1E7991526307E176429EE77602A4AC1D" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">SH</abbrev>
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||
</th>
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||
<th id="FABEB537F3FF0FED0106453B48BBE760" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev id="78CA30C54584B79412EE2EC0F2C39C92" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">PH</abbrev>
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||
/PW
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||
</th>
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||
<th id="E4EA0963584505F36835418724D0DB23" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">
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<abbrev id="4029E91BEECA84CC54BB4852EF81C720" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">CT</abbrev>
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</th>
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||
</tr>
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||
<tr id="8888F36D169E4F0DD11D114997D75299" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
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||
<td id="C07BB508A105AAE89F335783BB085CAF" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0EA9AF62743A9A13CB5160F3575CE73F" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea nigeriensis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="nigeriensis">Ennea nigeriensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="26693DF9376B4DE860708241EC93AAA9" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="FE4FCDB5BAF26587FCC80E7534A95F24" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14A829CFBDB1F999A9DB873B6085CC19" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Ennea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ennea serrata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serrata">Ennea serrata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3528BB7E3FEA1695D2A4D4A185547125" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<td id="925ADEDA1CF55889EADA214F7267E05B" colspan="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rowspan="1">ZMB</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A0D151C3A9B423BA8BF99EE6835328CE" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="22086A0358316D1ECCD9129EF643C58E" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A96F28E6025212F2ADA75621A7F2AA88" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
|
||
The Musake specimen was found at 1850 m altitude in the litter layer of a rather moist montane forest rich in ferns, mosses and lichens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A9B4C6FCCCD37CE121B198BB0C64B86" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Jaeckel 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |