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<document id="59EFB33AD69D225E51DB0350E09480C6" ID-CLB-Dataset="304696" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d1da554d-3634-43b6-b936-c5afa215ffae" ID-publisher-id="135034" URI-arpha="FEF27B20-0B37-58E4-BD80-9DB4839C118F" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1729607792906" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="An, Sung Min, Kim, Jihoon, Cho, Kichul &amp; Hwang, Hyun-Ju" docDate="2024" docId="4D98865500B8575CBFEF5DC3C787298A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 248: 59-71" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 248" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/135034/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Halamphora hampyeongensis S. M. An &amp; J. Kim 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="71" masterDocId="FEF27B200B3758E4BD809DB4839C118F" masterDocTitle="Halamphora hampyeongensis sp. nov. (Amphipleuraceae, Bacillariophyceae), a new marine benthic diatom from a tidal mudflat in Hampyeong Bay, South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1729610837314" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="70DE01F7D3CF3323EFE3F394570A5985">Halamphora hampyeongensis sp. nov. (Amphipleuraceae, Bacillariophyceae), a new marine benthic diatom from a tidal mudflat in Hampyeong Bay, South Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3A85F9D402EC5BC34C8810B6FF606AF1">An, Sung Min</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F854138C90A2A904631DA1225C5E68A3">Department of Biological Application &amp; Technology, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="99E83CD2AB53A4C1D1EC0293569F7A57">Kim, Jihoon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDE5CCEF8A3F226D72523152677FA0EE">LMO Research Team, Bureau of Ecological Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon 33657, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="25BEAB75CA07C5EBAB59688C8B342886">Cho, Kichul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="43F0F82980FA64195D0B3B91B22E3630">Department of Biological Application &amp; Technology, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AD883C283D50ABDA036CAB356D3E4E46">Hwang, Hyun-Ju</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5C1B83E326F1D5C37D5C69C66BE3B975">Department of Biological Application &amp; Technology, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon 33662, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="8665421B4930F02BB601D4246FB8DB84">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="4D98865500B8575CBFEF5DC3C787298A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13971292" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13971292" ID-arpha="4D988655-00B8-575C-BFEF-5DC3C787298A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D98865500B8575CBFEF5DC3C787298A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D98865500B8575CBFEF5DC3C787298A">
<subSubSection id="07A9D4C43DC10E0CD1DB91118A4F4446" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CBE7C521B12C500BDD5392D0EB0D1D79">
<taxonomicName id="1D50BBD64292C7DB221224C95018E78D" authority="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Amphipleuraceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Naviculales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3D710681EE509949C05097990689E1C6" italics="true">Halamphora hampyeongensis</emphasis>
S. M. An &amp; J. Kim
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1E18DAB4695EA9A523169BCE6DCEB1C1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCCC1C9B95C7A2B76CED529A36E5165F" type="description">
<paragraph id="D092402E7C8A336C8CDE168ED7DCC2A9">
<figureCitation id="BE45DB2E3FB4F7F181597930BEC368E3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETCAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="6A1DD57143701D387127B86FAB5102D4">
<heading id="FFAFEF4B5B149E44633E150F9B982675" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E3F5EF418DC4E104554EA49CD477D9E9">
In
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZCAE" xlink_title="light microscope">LM</abbrev>
, valves semi-elliptical with smoothly convex dorsal margin, nearly straight ventral margin and the valve ends narrowly rounded and slightly ventrally curved (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EC0A277E0B898B20E7D6BDB83F5998A3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 A H</figureCitation>
). Raphe slightly arched and positioned centrally to slightly ventrally on the valve face. Both dorsal and ventral striae not discernible. Valve length 13.815.0 μm; valve breadth 2.83.0 μm (n = 31).
</paragraph>
<caption id="815BC4AEF3E7BFBD4C482BB14230A137" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" ID-arpha="5D191A4D-734F-5358-BDF9-FB520E5501D6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="44021921C97E9FCC718F7BC23524B5FC">
<label id="D529EC31ECDEC83B3D19415C6461B9E9">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A5885CCAC8B3825FAA12B81BE5AFEFBE">
<emphasis id="BDF098A99A47470D036D3BAECBC398DF" bold="true">A H</emphasis>
Light microscopy photomicrographs of
<taxonomicName id="699302C4D042400E8F1AB1A34A227747" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="1070FA6BB5044C6B4D02308D8EFCA1C8" italics="true">H. hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3311F4F1D710EA9593CE77227F0E9955" bold="true">I P</emphasis>
scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of
<taxonomicName id="831BEE7A949775508BE0CFE1BF899EBE" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="F2081562AF3F341F1482D07979420E6D" italics="true">H. hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B739E7120EBCE603363E52A093F560DD" bold="true">I</emphasis>
external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow)
<emphasis id="8B17B4E1A65F474D0D51493925A9653A" bold="true">J</emphasis>
internal view of a valve
<emphasis id="4F3BA924BB40A05DBE94C0C8CEA3D63A" bold="true">K</emphasis>
detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads)
<emphasis id="E52ACD1A3353EAD846A438147502433C" bold="true">L</emphasis>
detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow)
<emphasis id="E49B005E8F985DDD12ABB9CA7F178113" bold="true">M</emphasis>
biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge
<emphasis id="77641536F408B56C219CABF03FEE67A5" bold="true">N</emphasis>
detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk)
<emphasis id="9A5C2F2C7338F96F96DDD32D28212FA9" bold="true">O</emphasis>
detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow)
<emphasis id="6188E2CFD565F14DB6BE35525A5F4E15" bold="true">P</emphasis>
girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (
<emphasis id="6B3EFDD4F1A46D0FCD3947262EE5F17A" bold="true">A H</emphasis>
); 5 μm (
<emphasis id="9E1914F19FAD011805CE2E230017C229" bold="true">I</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="C3C9040AB62D62F00AA5C8DB37F0BB1A" bold="true">J</emphasis>
); 1 μm (
<emphasis id="86EF4377F0FF6012834C3A3545FF4C08" bold="true">K M</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="C4DFACE4F72BAEC33C900D4399E9824B" bold="true">O</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="848C89982CF8506F6713ECA83CEB6C4A" bold="true">P</emphasis>
); 0.5 μm (
<emphasis id="4F89935FCAF7C3FA4AB16D1210C16F42" bold="true">N</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1A67B3524DAB402FB4BC1290273E8D9F">
In SEM, externally, the central area slightly expanded on the ventral side only (Fig.
<figureCitation id="625C119D57EA0CEBD7B3F053172EF97A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 I, K</figureCitation>
, asterisks). Central raphe endings straight, slightly expanded and positioned very close together (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D8924259411D7CB0D799697B20E26FED" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 K</figureCitation>
, arrowhead); distal raphe endings bent towards the dorsal side (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1F5A901CF6873B41880D2098D500D80F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 L</figureCitation>
, arrow). Raphe ledge well-developed on the dorsal side of the valve (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C5A014588174BF8201BB98176FEADC28" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 I, K</figureCitation>
) and narrows sharply towards the dorsal valve margin. Siliceous outgrowths of various sizes arranged irregularly on the raphe ledge margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4AAB42BF26D300463F8C2CDD350FA2B8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 K</figureCitation>
, arrows). The axial area narrow, and difficult to distinguish because of the fine striae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0C5996AB7C2B5E22974D6ACF53791514" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ADCCBB07CD7DB08F00DE9D92B3DE5FFF">
Dorsal striae slightly radiate. Ventral striae are slightly radiate and more distantly spaced at the valve middle, becoming parallel to slightly convergent and denser near the valve apices (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7EFC946E905BEF1031ADF4B56D481099" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 I, K, M</figureCitation>
). Dorsal striae biseriate under raphe ledge with two rows of small, round areolae under SEM (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BB99B1B66DA71DB412A1623D0F1D8E64" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 M</figureCitation>
, arrow); becoming uniseriate, composed of very small round areolae over the rest of the dorsal side (Fig.
<figureCitation id="958F417B138662325494403949A47577" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 K, M</figureCitation>
),
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10 μm (n = 13). Ventral striae uniseriate, almost identical in size and shape to dorsal striae,
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10 μm (n = 13, Table
<tableCitation id="690ED1DE27506C599B773B0D3D0573A6" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric comparation of Halamphora hampyeongensis with related species. ND = not documented." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/317B6F601DB65938B3BC91E9EBC81BDE" tableUuid="317B6F601DB65938B3BC91E9EBC81BDE">1</tableCitation>
). Axial longitudinal line absent on dorsal side. Internally, longitudinal rib absent. Areolae occluded by hymenes (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E0A0326E3D4135C72712BCF7A7794703" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 N</figureCitation>
, arrows). Proximal raphe endings finish onto small and tongue-shaped fused helictoglossae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FD49C476C54E04D338E8D944C0B7F164" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 N</figureCitation>
, double asterisk). Poorly developed helictoglossae at distal raphe endings (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FF5A129F7F3F203D8711700595A29031" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 O</figureCitation>
, arrow). Round or ovoid poroids in girdle bands, arranged in two rows of
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10 μm (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4FFB8E65EFC7DCE5A20D610C34F4490A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 P</figureCitation>
, arrows).
</paragraph>
<caption id="317B6F601DB65938B3BC91E9EBC81BDE" ID-Table-UUID="317B6F601DB65938B3BC91E9EBC81BDE" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/317B6F601DB65938B3BC91E9EBC81BDE" startId="T1" targetIsTable="true">
<paragraph id="2D1F3295CF6AE07441AC68C4467BDF68">
<label id="6ABDD12A807B0AC25EA3D6213F443FA2">Table 1.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC3CEA1A509BD1B7E0A22E7D6466776F">
Morphometric comparation of
<taxonomicName id="372F21FD2B74B3D58BB65B983F2E006F" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="BDF77AAB7FA1D6686E6A148AF58AA097" italics="true">Halamphora hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with related species. ND = not documented.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B86C8328C4BF3B7252E2E4E044AA27D9">
<table id="TID0E25AG" rules="all">
<tbody id="516E0BC4A1B9026106CC75DD9E640064">
<tr id="B15C3D11AE184D15ADFDCB6CC9247878">
<th id="F4260154CAE307860283636242AE5381" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" rowspan="1">-</th>
<emphasis id="E24DA890382F51DAAE244130ACE39D34" italics="true">
<th id="686B59B56613D70C5CD6F51BAF5A127A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="90CA2FEB455F21D37557624CDF80AEBB" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">Halamphora hampyeongensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="C941309F530F1D4582EACFBD65A7CF53" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="C3A6280BC2CA2D0212555CBED216E25D" authorityName="Levkov" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Patrick" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="atacamana">H. atacamana</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="5E8772590BB083D3A053AC9D2801039C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="02F64725D3FB9E9F33B147DF6D77CC93" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="caribaea">H. caribaea</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="14F5A444D7E02B91A66B10C5140DAF5C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="3DB9EFC15839E5F578C1E94FD603645D" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="exilis">H. exilis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="74DDD7E876324F72275B3FD8A42DBCB8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="E31CE5054D1966F8A538B5731020616F" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="montana">H. montana</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="407626D7C36BB5DA18537377A91EEA56" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="09FF5CAF5719EE9A99F1143FF76568F9" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="mosensis">H. mosensis</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="C818A3D734C2F8983A883BAAA5F6EA38" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="8D0AD0293EAC9C560D72ADF6B1624098" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="specensa">H. specensa</taxonomicName>
</th>
</emphasis>
</tr>
<tr id="FCCB2F26DB15119B822F11EE0A88EE19">
<td id="729387F29E4C382998F5DB87A59DF301" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Valve shape</td>
<td id="69C32CDA6299C7FC407C1AA938C6808F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">semi-elliptical, convex dorsal and nearly straight ventral margins</td>
<td id="05FCD423CED82AE8CC8D3356FC6E9498" colspan="1" rowspan="1">semi-lanceolate, arched dorsal and straight to weakly tumid ventral margins</td>
<td id="2F6ED1080E1D75755876719A09BE052F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">semi-lanceolate, convex dorsal and straight ventral margins</td>
<td id="1F96E0F194627A3680367583BF597A42" colspan="1" rowspan="1">narrowly semi-elliptical, shallowly arched dorsal and straight ventral margins</td>
<td id="D5532DEE1AC7C4ECABF41314F69DB0B7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">semi-lanceolate, smoothly arched dorsal and straight to slightly convex ventral margins</td>
<td id="E29BF4A0097AFE3AF984AB5A4431C8EA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">narrowly semi-elliptical, smoothly arched dorsal and straight ventral margins</td>
<td id="90B957CECFE91D9A31D7D7465187F0E0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">semi-elliptical to nearly elliptical, arched to flattened dorsal and convex ventral margins</td>
</tr>
<tr id="83B281CE10073C43292F24C089C0F2D6">
<td id="3DFE7E1B22A010D98D6176A221ACEFE4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Apices</td>
<td id="4E87120A36532D24C0452EDEBB7DB914" colspan="1" rowspan="1">narrowly rounded</td>
<td id="F91D618FEEC16BD21526678B27A24C7C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slightly subprotracted</td>
<td id="3A87FF9847A6A16AF0D0B4E1D67137B6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">rostrate</td>
<td id="C0DFA5D5E41B8E368E406B817CE2B5DC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">narrowly rounded</td>
<td id="6686E6C7373241F8E4D703453B096682" colspan="1" rowspan="1">broadly rounded</td>
<td id="1C48D60106B608AF6D35C7503F373237" colspan="1" rowspan="1">narrowly rounded</td>
<td id="D619B7B10C1DB9017CD16E5E7B17EDAA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">weakly protracted, narrowly rounded</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7AC8C2F3D7605763CB681096257803CA">
<td id="12C9B3A681A5174BDE05B46CE8B8E789" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Length (μm)</td>
<td id="635717CBC93FF36A7768FFFED7E8BBDB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">13.815.0</td>
<td id="3F1BA8BF25E98B08A27D7C3458C39ECB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2945</td>
<td id="E88825F85260D17F311F7F0555D27FB5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3439</td>
<td id="7C64E20127465813FC147F08B7DA084D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1419</td>
<td id="61AB85C530090B987068831FFED939B6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1220</td>
<td id="1E2BA2E74821D91AA4DAB59CDF4DBFED" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2137</td>
<td id="E52AF27BFEB9B4060E55409F620136B5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1317</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FFCA994E09ACCB146605C14AA05D45FB">
<td id="5966182DC8E641882B38CD6E642361E4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Width (μm)</td>
<td id="8E1D800DFDB46C1A961141EC03341522" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2.83.0</td>
<td id="E9C7EE1F54B4F783B1C3927641F900E0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4.58.0</td>
<td id="4EF78DDCA63B5F0C32804B2E2817425E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6.08.0</td>
<td id="2BFB2747CB7BBAF0B32D0BDDD527BFE4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2.53.0</td>
<td id="E0658DD17350E4E0D6C02B6AF3F744B6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3.04.6</td>
<td id="38DDC2A69C6C0E3F7CBBB5A64FA55B95" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4.04.5</td>
<td id="E201B18E916D4B49320913ECD9871478" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3.03.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DFC3C5E8668AF8D0C2D47A90B4B39C1B">
<td id="2397D82692970416DAEE5E8758DFB6AE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Raphe</td>
<td id="3E607B5A707ABC25E61B0AB74B3356CC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">arched</td>
<td id="AE73BB0494B3BA3DA5A63EABCCE4DC3B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">arched</td>
<td id="E8CB682FE9FBD88D68765361503FCA7B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">straight with</td>
<td id="96B22712C3327633064A87BEA0B2C918" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slightly arched</td>
<td id="80D955B7931F9A8527B48D6F3937AC0F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">arched</td>
<td id="7F24A72AB5509F3EADC482DD412404D5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">arched</td>
<td id="70DEF13EC927D9B2CAC2C3423B0F2667" colspan="1" rowspan="1">straight</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7F9D5DDB4F35C58E5F4818D3B6900CE7">
<td id="AD5CC029C06F09A9C5C72E44919CAFB1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Proximal raphe ends</td>
<td id="FAAD6D3D6924855E6CFFA56BA6AB29F1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slightly expanded, straight</td>
<td id="FB118F85FBA8F679BF5F30E8F08F26B4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slightly dorsally deflected</td>
<td id="6801922031295358C0CBF6F36CCEB936" colspan="1" rowspan="1">dorsally deflected</td>
<td id="42514C07B392ED40F37DB98F5E4444F8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slightly dorsally deflected</td>
<td id="DF6D938442598431F7352E00AAC8870C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">slightly expanded, dorsally deflected</td>
<td id="33D6CEAA45BB1529516DDE987CB3E72E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">dorsally deflected</td>
<td id="B9E81F7C40F0944F9E89F2E0CB7F4F9C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">dorsally deflected</td>
</tr>
<tr id="FD379C3490D474D208D6A76CF2F8246B">
<td id="F930254CD06F01E4AB6D12DB6BD330ED" colspan="1" rowspan="2">Dorsal striae (in 10 μm)</td>
<td id="E49A6E7BD89F5B538B5840B154F11DBD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3438</td>
<td id="3C2748F25BB58A1104FE65F3A7DE2CD8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2528</td>
<td id="C2F6D74509AE583457A3ED4A1AC79F9E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1120</td>
<td id="26138E1BBD59E6BEE136CFE74B28440E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2426</td>
<td id="573981115A8AC05818A01E3D6BD65C97" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4045</td>
<td id="B8EE0929A2B81C396FF48FFE702D0D3E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2628</td>
<td id="13878A8F03778DD4FF9C9FCFAF422FEB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2326</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F5A155A1C4BE8590BFB409AB77FB2F41">
<td id="751DEBE9294468F70B78876499D4AAB0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">bi- and uniseriate</td>
<td id="55591B55C623ADE1535ED0D544A0795E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">uniseriate</td>
<td id="283D6A860514F55FA3B67E247B8E579E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">ND</td>
<td id="E0B4D692C6E3DB4092B396117BCF077D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">bi- and uniseriate</td>
<td id="F78F63B0DFBDDB2B40073017F7F581EE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">uniseriate</td>
<td id="4980AB994F126E4CF7155EF43B8E8035" colspan="1" rowspan="1">bi- and multiseriate</td>
<td id="4201E71E0EB342CCDF16C29D424085FA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">biseriate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3EDB318A37D1BA536429ADEAEB320872">
<td id="027E9FE2B940D3B5C11E39B1B3D140E7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Ventral striae (in 10 μm)</td>
<td id="F49BDEE25913E8DB034B50B001BB5998" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4648</td>
<td id="39D76DD70B27E0D84FEFA59D5A7CAF8A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2430</td>
<td id="8D2A3FC68A4321A7F649575429E69C3E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1929</td>
<td id="CC6B5DC71062AC44E7D897DAE54F6002" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4445</td>
<td id="AE0C9C7590FF3F005FB736D3998442BA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4045</td>
<td id="50404EF4301DE67D3726523409983D16" colspan="1" rowspan="1">28</td>
<td id="58374A115A0D46E28CA26E3375FDA472" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4446</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7DA5872C85C78EE439A307EFBC290340">
<td id="B7F9C7A8712104DED4DE0D711CFCAB10" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Habitate</td>
<td id="3153008C6AC18AAD4A48267739AF62EF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">brackish</td>
<td id="F95B22A51961432536062256986C7160" colspan="1" rowspan="1">brackish</td>
<td id="E20291E9DB32F1E76E16AB37EB9ED0AA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">marine</td>
<td id="B535BF9380D08EE8FB16BCEE8019633C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">marine</td>
<td id="22CCE7ACE1B3E59E0B9F5628B4F3BB0B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">freshwater</td>
<td id="272D3467BA6EEB1101A806BE55D3414F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">brackish</td>
<td id="48E25D0409416096399C253FD08B2FFC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">freshwater</td>
</tr>
<tr id="41CD7C5B6FF5FCCBCC3730AEC895D8E7">
<td id="817C82D4B529A9CABE639DAA5D4041A1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">References</td>
<td id="2650D183FBE5952D76A6FCFC3641F554" colspan="1" rowspan="1">This study (n = 31)</td>
<td id="AA6D4EE4DB01C90CE473ACBB555EA10C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="E384E196E1206A26CF0D012F0E4CEC7F" author="Levkov Z" firstAuthor="Levkov" refId="B17" refString="Levkov Z (2009) Diatoms of Europe: Diatoms of the European inland waters and comparable habitats. vol. 5. Amphora sensu lato. A. R. G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggel, 1918." year="2009">Levkov (2009)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="D5B695E727873E8898D716058EDAD350" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="1F4907F7E9F5410546EDF4CA2AC05A20" DOI="10.1080/0269249X.2007.9705722" author="Wachnicka AH &amp; Gaiser EE" firstAuthor="Wachnicka" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Diatom Research" pagination="387-455" refId="B40" refString="Wachnicka AH, Gaiser EE (2007) Characterization of Amphora and Seminavis from south Florida, USA. Diatom Research 22 (2): 387455. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2007.9705722" title="Characterization of Amphora and Seminavis from south Florida, USA." volume="22" year="2007">Wachnicka and Gaiser (2007)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="801EB33E86FB4C00FEE6DE5A9C6B6850" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="46F61D82138664FB476C786CA8FDB759" author="Stepanek JG &amp; Kociolek JP" firstAuthor="Stepanek" refId="B35" refString="Stepanek JG, Kociolek JP (2018) Amphora and Halamphora from coastal and inland waters of the United States and Japan, with the description of 33 new species. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 66. J. Cramer, Stuttgart, 1260." year="2018">Stepanek and Kociolek (2018)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="F5ADD06D1059CD3850E689E932E0B450" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="7A371956D7677A1DEAC781802FAD7389" author="Watanabe T &amp; Ohtsuka T &amp; Tuji A &amp; Houki A" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Watanabe" refId="B41" refString="Watanabe T, Ohtsuka T, Tuji A, Houki A (2005) Picture book and ecology of the freshwater diatoms. Uchida-rokakuho, Tokyo, 1666." year="2005">Watanabe et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CD16FD52471C5E4A39879009760FAC7E" author="Levkov Z" firstAuthor="Levkov" refId="B17" refString="Levkov Z (2009) Diatoms of Europe: Diatoms of the European inland waters and comparable habitats. vol. 5. Amphora sensu lato. A. R. G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggel, 1918." year="2009">Levkov (2009)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="ADAD5EE72DBFF222405D4770E42A272A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="A031F9D159813B769A5755B2F511A253" author="Stepanek JG &amp; Kociolek JP" firstAuthor="Stepanek" refId="B35" refString="Stepanek JG, Kociolek JP (2018) Amphora and Halamphora from coastal and inland waters of the United States and Japan, with the description of 33 new species. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 66. J. Cramer, Stuttgart, 1260." year="2018">Stepanek and Kociolek (2018)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="20E16A733411C7F72A50CDCE449640DE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<bibRefCitation id="67A9ED198A8FC3C85E31FD2FDB4879A8" author="Stepanek JG &amp; Kociolek JP" firstAuthor="Stepanek" refId="B35" refString="Stepanek JG, Kociolek JP (2018) Amphora and Halamphora from coastal and inland waters of the United States and Japan, with the description of 33 new species. Bibliotheca Diatomologica 66. J. Cramer, Stuttgart, 1260." year="2018">Stepanek and Kociolek (2018)</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYUAE" type="Holotype">
<paragraph id="AAB827E5E35AD1350D042960D4F2A91B">
<heading id="BFEC749D4C9864DF997F541B1DF543AB" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="9E3105D322EFE56B8834F3E875128812" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1CA93B9037AD91337054B17A6684EFAE">
<materialsCitation id="3E3016E3AEBD9390B1C61D0C54B61D49" collectingDate="2018-07-19" collectionCode="MABIK" country="South Korea" county="Muan-gun" latitude="35.0315" location="Hampyeong Bay" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.40517" specimenCode="DI 00043482" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeollanam-do" typeStatus="holotype">
Slide no.
<collectionCode id="E1DC370CD9368E2C3AB2F574156B88BE">MABIK</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CE442B72AF10D31B8A205FD15F477FC0" collectionCode="MABIK">DI 00043482</specimenCode>
(represented by the valve shown in Fig.
<figureCitation id="CD876BB854A33F951F6D53963261FFD3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A H Light microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I P scanning electron microscopy photomicrographs of H. hampyeongensis I external valve view, with central area (asterisk) and dorsal raphe ledge (arrow) J internal view of a valve K detail of a valve externally showing siliceous outgrowths (arrows) on the margin of the raphe ledge, central area (asterisk), and proximal raphe endings (arrowheads) L detail of external valve apex showing the dorsally bent distal raphe ending (arrow) M biseriate striae (arrows) in several rows under the raphe ledge N detail of areolae on the dorsal side internally occluded by hymenes (arrows) and tongue-like proximal helictoglossae (double asterisk) O detail of internal valve apex showing poorly developed distal helictoglossae (arrow) P girdle bands with two rows of poroids (arrows). Scale bars: 10 μm (A H); 5 μm (I, J); 1 μm (K M, O, P); 0.5 μm (N)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158279">2 A</figureCitation>
) was deposited at the National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (
<collectionCode id="9EF6923662B130065490C5D09CF39EAC">MABIK</collectionCode>
), located in Seocheon-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECVAE" type="Isotype">
<paragraph id="E5144E6F013C47BB267FAD57F28B7884">
<heading id="850A8B715255D08238AFA4150B5DFCFC" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="A95249F68FD3735ECA08F7A119A3304B" type="isotype">Isotype</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79D4BC2EA50D6566998C012AE5CF9038">
<materialsCitation id="48C12DF6C6BF07D14DF90AB7CB858D33" collectingDate="2018-07-19" collectionCode="MABIK" country="South Korea" county="Muan-gun" latitude="35.0315" location="Hampyeong Bay" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.40517" specimenCode="DI 00043483, DI 00043484" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeollanam-do">
SEM stub no.
<collectionCode id="5A8AF78A101E6AE7DCF074816F143677">MABIK</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="BDC6102F6F176BDD45B8FCB7D3A837B3">DI 00043483</specimenCode>
and cleaned material no.
<collectionCode id="98826909E082D6A8C9C94A1D00E4553C">MABIK</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="193107E8745B3DC415E7095C10ED150F">DI 00043484</specimenCode>
(preserved in 99 % ethanol)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHVAE" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="07D4A304165787CD10A3FE29C2140759">
<heading id="30C821CF41ED834EE71AE238FD758C9D" reason="title">Type locality.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B092F9DDC37E4691BFBDB40014648BBA">
The intertidal mudflat located in
<location id="295C6762D3E2AB2392E52AB30847DC5F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D98865500B8575CBFEF5DC3C787298A:295C6762D3E2AB2392E52AB30847DC5F" country="South Korea" county="Muan-gun" latitude="35.0315" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="126.40517" name="Hampyeong Bay" stateProvince="Jeollanam-do">Hampyeong Bay</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EQVAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[126.405167,35.031500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="9367BAF7618F51F76418D9801787173F" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="01.89" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="35.0315">35 ° 01.89 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C9EAE2F9B5F3673ED1F19005763129D4" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="24.31" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="126.40517">126 ° 24.31 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
),
<collectingCounty id="7120AF2B1DB71A7B796C53939CB05331">Muan-gun</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="52881CBACE198B54FA5E0E89B7A003DE" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="0844AEEFD39A1F148E9D766BA48A42C3" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(site: HP 1-3),
<date id="4DD27FB71B6A265309CA4FAAC592850E" value="2018-07-19">
<collectingDate id="B5EE9F87DD08C1A4FDAD50040909609E" value="2018-07-19">July 19, 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVVAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BA545C6C4BF5B528A09FA5E6B0C549B4">
<heading id="26F96FC5292882D55B061ADCF6A0DC86" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CFEBBFBA819DE90D00666B23903054DA">
The specific epithet “
<taxonomicName id="718532D74AB53673A2267752E1D44B95" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="FE16263DF4C775F320216FE8ED16F44C" italics="true">hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” refers to the type locality, Hampyeong Bay, Muan-gun,
<collectingRegion id="298BB0DC0766C4F66093D68065F4A0B3" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="FC737A353EF743AC99830A9C534D19D8" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFWAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="32D0B350EEF1E3FB71355E070F081339">
<heading id="ED3880C9FBC6A2F2DCCE7A57530CD718" reason="title">Distribution and ecology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9EFC1ED42345519BE9C673D13124E430">
<taxonomicName id="082DEEC5F309BD8DB0A75B16E750E11A" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="9E1C36E7219C8FE2E06CE30207F7C44C" italics="true">Halamphora hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a benthic species currently known only from the type locality. The sediment temperature and salinity of pore water in the sediment at the time of sampling were measured to be 27.8 ° C and 24.9 psu, respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWWAE" type="Gene sequences">
<paragraph id="DE09192672A55F46E13C414F8ACC1A5D">
<heading id="F442D7C800A4703D39116BA6CD7B2643" reason="title">Gene sequences.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="003E9492F07BE9A176D0F4B9BC11CE7A">
The nucleotide sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers
<ext-link id="9BF821422846B87CC9784E7C6AFCDA40" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="OQ642108" xlink_type="simple">OQ 642108</ext-link>
(18 S rDNA) and
<ext-link id="D01F4D3690B0534D5E882A3CC080636A" ext-link-type="gen" xlink_href="ON137728" xlink_type="simple">
<accessionNumber id="222E49B005950EEEAE15D70E48AD6E74" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/ON137728">ON 137728</accessionNumber>
</ext-link>
(
<emphasis id="BB042E8E5D1C4BE6530CA216F710A957" italics="true">rbc</emphasis>
L gene).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="515DAE47CD8C452587AEF3BF54FE025F">
<title id="4D558F4D042CCCFFA5D6644D464B2FAB">Phylogenetic analysis</title>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D4B9B7D08F601C4E60917191B11B8889">
The lengths of the 18 S rDNA and
<emphasis id="3E8245FF2EA9E5CD93108038FDF49FA9" italics="true">rbc</emphasis>
L gene sequences were determined in this study for
<taxonomicName id="368280904A7F8E08D2701839517AB8EF" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="EFE19FDCA10916EDDEFA1543F820E6F2" italics="true">Halamphora hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were 1,649 bp and 1,424 bp, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between
<taxonomicName id="37146F3930E1F51AE96E814D5DB7B5DC" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="8F46FAAD0C989A0E01BF5C6A422AFBC5" italics="true">H. hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the amphoroid diatom species retrieved from GenBank using
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGYAE" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">ML</abbrev>
and
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKYAE" xlink_title="Bayesian phylogenetic inference">BI</abbrev>
methods (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C99B0F1755FB90111875FCEA86B6C8E1" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A molecular phylogenetic tree obtained from ML and BI analysis based on the concatenated dataset (18 S rDNA and rbc L gene) showing the phylogenetic positions of H. hampyeongensis. A phylogenetic tree was generated through a ML analysis. The values on each node indicate ML bootstrap and Bayesian posterior probabilities, respectively. The asterisk indicates 100 in ML and 1 in BI, and indicates the topological incongruence between ML and BI trees. The H. hampyeongensis is highlighted in bold blue." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158280">3</figureCitation>
). The topologies of the phylogenetic trees were similar regardless of the phylogenetic analysis methods and molecular regions utilized. Phylogenetic analysis provided robust support for the monophyletic grouping of
<taxonomicName id="A22351B5A9245DF36384AB9524F480B6">
<emphasis id="0B2C416C939EC1918EEB11E56111A728" italics="true">Halamphora</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
including
<taxonomicName id="E4C352C77357BF08AB245BF3C4C56EFC" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="F59320D82EF24C4B4F24F8767BC75A88" italics="true">H. hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as indicated by a maximum likelihood bootstrap support of 98 % and a Bayesian posterior probability of 0.99.
<taxonomicName id="39BBBC646E596163C64F07A1E97FA41D" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="290B8D343CD5647A81F4CD76BF6A2FE4" italics="true">H. hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was located in
<taxonomicName id="FE160510CCEFE02BB9E0C5285A7826F0" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="369491FD7F4708F29EA36FE1D200456B" italics="true">Halamphora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Clade Hal _ H as described by
<bibRefCitation id="ABDF449BEDDA6D9CA9775F058BB2682D" DOI="10.1111/jpy.12836" author="Stepanek JG &amp; Kociolek JP" firstAuthor="Stepanek" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Phycology" pagination="442-456" refId="B36" refString="Stepanek JG, Kociolek JP (2019) Molecular phylogeny of the diatom genera Amphora and Halamphora (Bacillariophyta) with a focus on morphological and ecological evolution. Journal of Phycology 55 (2): 442456. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12836" title="Molecular phylogeny of the diatom genera Amphora and Halamphora (Bacillariophyta) with a focus on morphological and ecological evolution." volume="55" year="2019">Stepanek and Kociolek (2019)</bibRefCitation>
with a low bootstrap value (bootstrap value = 25). This species also showed weak support (bootstrap value = 63) as the sister taxon to
<taxonomicName id="5B0228FD787B92665B62384EC1FF2D92" authority="(Krasske) Levkov." authorityName="Levkov." baseAuthorityName="Krasske" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="montana">
<emphasis id="ACBBA476CB45B00A5A8C255D0DAEAE05" italics="true">H. montana</emphasis>
(Krasske) Levkov.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<caption id="921D14DF05BEDC80C1D33D503510318B" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.248.135034.figure3" ID-arpha="36599BC8-997D-5E2C-AEEB-11E87C38EC9F" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1158280" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="F767033094C86D4A189764335284A790">
<label id="854E75ACE6651670DD53BE2F95F903B0">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9BA7EA74F41EE6AB8B0E9E853CF990A1">
A molecular phylogenetic tree obtained from
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EN1AE" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">ML</abbrev>
and
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ER1AE" xlink_title="Bayesian phylogenetic inference">BI</abbrev>
analysis based on the concatenated dataset (18 S rDNA and
<emphasis id="09E64AFF9FD78DFD6EEDA0055ABA5AEB" italics="true">rbc</emphasis>
L gene) showing the phylogenetic positions of
<taxonomicName id="2D4170989970332105A9B2034A2237BB" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="29DFE82D1EFC7990C9ED4A3A6A989BE6" italics="true">H. hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A phylogenetic tree was generated through a
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EC2AE" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">ML</abbrev>
analysis. The values on each node indicate
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EG2AE" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">ML</abbrev>
bootstrap and Bayesian posterior probabilities, respectively. The asterisk indicates 100 in
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EK2AE" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">ML</abbrev>
and 1 in
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EO2AE" xlink_title="Bayesian phylogenetic inference">BI</abbrev>
, and indicates the topological incongruence between
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES2AE" xlink_title="maximum likelihood">ML</abbrev>
and
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW2AE" xlink_title="Bayesian phylogenetic inference">BI</abbrev>
trees. The
<taxonomicName id="E015FA2FFB93A7B5048F22FFE1FED70B" authorityName="S. M. An &amp; J. Kim" authorityYear="2024" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Catenulaceae" genus="Halamphora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Thalassiophysales" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="hampyeongensis">
<emphasis id="46B7C5DCF1BBE641C314460C723CB7F1" italics="true">H. hampyeongensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is highlighted in bold blue.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>