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<document id="FFD3AE6979CDE87698F9A1D636C0046C" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.196181" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5df9d951-89ee-4f04-839d-9cca31a5e9d9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="196181" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460240213991" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sidorov, Dmitry A." docDate="2010" docId="03D0B76BFF99D26AB1FFFA1DFBCAFC5F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02518p031.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2518" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ganigamoera Sidorov, 2010, subgen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="FFE9CF13FF8ED272B168FF90FFADFFC3" masterDocTitle="A new subgenus of eusirid amphipod (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Eusiridae) from subterranean waters and springs of the Eastern Sikhote-Alin Mountain Ridge, with comments on the morphology of sternal humps, genital papillae and pleopods" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1698240564327" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="8ABDEFB9877EEE417B5F8F81B1B6B255">A new subgenus of eusirid amphipod (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Eusiridae) from subterranean waters and springs of the Eastern Sikhote-Alin Mountain Ridge, with comments on the morphology of sternal humps, genital papillae and pleopods</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5B0833863D3A2616C8A5A85BFFFC6E21">Sidorov, Dmitry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="7E0CC07C265B7C719FAC112B1B4BB28A">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="98DFB300893CA2752BA7A7184E683B51">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F1F3ED4CA35D57A642A9859ABE1AD846" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.196181</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D0B76BFF99D26AB1FFFA1DFBCAFC5F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6203290" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6203290" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D0B76BFF99D26AB1FFFA1DFBCAFC5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0B76BFF99D26AB1FFFA1DFBCAFC5F" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection id="C36355F6FF99D26AB1FFFA1DFBCAFC5F" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC6067DFF99D265B1FFFA1DFCB1FA64" blockId="23.[151,796,1421,1447]" box="[151,796,1421,1447]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="D08EB111FF99D265B1FFFA1DFCB1FA64" bold="true" box="[151,796,1421,1447]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B1FFFA1DFCB1FA64" bold="true" box="[151,796,1421,1447]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Remarks on
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B05EFA1DFE71FA64" box="[310,476,1421,1447]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Ganigamoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="subgen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B05EFA1DFE71FA64" bold="true" box="[310,476,1421,1447]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ganigamoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E6714FF99D265B08CFA1DFDD0FA64" box="[484,637,1421,1447]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="subGenus">subgen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
morphology
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6067DFF99D26AB1FFFA45FF46FF14" blockId="23.[151,1437,1493,2004]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1438,152,924]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Certain aspects of the morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B30CFA45FCA6FA2D" box="[612,779,1493,1518]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Ganigamoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="subgen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B30CFA45FCA6FA2D" box="[612,779,1493,1518]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ganigamoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B27BFA45FC1CFA2C" bold="true" box="[787,945,1493,1519]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E6714FF99D265B27BFA45FC1CFA2C" box="[787,945,1493,1519]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="subGenus">subgen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are not normally attributed to the genus
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B1FFFA6BFE89F9D7" box="[151,292,1531,1556]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B1FFFA6BFE8DF9D7" box="[151,288,1531,1556]" class="Malacostraca" family="Eusiridae" genus="Paramoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paramoera</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
For example, sternal humps (blisters) have never before been observed for members of the genus. The sternal humps represent a soft evagination on the ventral margins of pereonites 2–7 and appear similar to the sternal tenuitegillate margins permeable for dissolved oxygen as described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B535F9D5FB56F99C" author="Hrabe" box="[1117,1275,1605,1631]" pageId="23" pageNumber="26" refString="Hrabe, S. (1948) O dychacich ustrojich blesivce Synurella ambulans (Amphipoda). Sbornik p r irodov e deckeho klubu v Brne, 28, 1 - 3. [in Czech]" type="journal article" year="1948">Hrabĕ (1948)</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B444F9D5FEA7F947" class="Malacostraca" family="Crangonyctidae" genus="Synurella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambulans">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B444F9D5FEA7F947" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Synurella ambulans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The humps were confirmed for several taxa of stygobiont amphipods such as
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B5D1F9FAFA35F947" box="[1209,1432,1642,1668]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sternophysingidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sternophysingidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B1FFF900FE32F969" box="[151,415,1680,1706]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pseudocrangonyctidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudocrangonyctidae</taxonomicName>
and the
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B36DF900FDFEF96A" box="[517,595,1680,1705]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">hubbsi</emphasis>
group of
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B3A1F900FCF2F96A" box="[713,863,1680,1705]" class="Malacostraca" family="Crangonyctidae" genus="Stygobromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B3A1F900FCF2F96A" box="[713,863,1680,1705]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Stygobromus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B218F900FB9FF969" author="Holsinger" box="[880,1074,1680,1706]" pageId="23" pageNumber="26" refString="Holsinger, J. R. (1974) Systematics of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygobromus (Gammaridae), Part I: Species of the western United States. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 160, 1 - 63." type="journal article" year="1974">Holsinger, 1974</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B556F900FBD1F969" author="Holsinger" box="[1086,1148,1680,1706]" pageId="23" pageNumber="26" refString="Holsinger, J. R. (1992) Sternophysingidae, a new family of subterranean amphipods (Gammaridea: Crangonyctoidea) from South Africa, with description of Sternophysinx calceola, new species, and comments on phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 12, 111 - 124." type="journal article" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B5E1F900FA3DF969" author="Tomikawa" box="[1161,1424,1680,1706]" pageId="23" pageNumber="27" refString="Tomikawa, K., Morino, H. &amp; Ohtsuka, S. (2008) Redescription of subterranean amphipod, Pseudocrangonyx shikokunis (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Pseudocrangonyctidae) from Japan. Species Diversity, 13, 275 - 286." type="journal article" year="2008">
Tomikawa
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B464F900FAECF96A" box="[1292,1345,1680,1705]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
). The sister genus of
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B0FDF925FD89F90D" box="[405,548,1717,1742]" class="Malacostraca" family="Eusiridae" genus="Paramoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B0FDF925FD89F90D" box="[405,548,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Paramoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B35FF925FD77F90D" box="[567,730,1717,1742]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B35FF925FD77F90D" box="[567,730,1717,1742]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Sternomoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is very morphologically similar and only differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B1FFF94BFEB3F937" box="[151,286,1755,1780]" class="Malacostraca" family="Eusiridae" genus="Paramoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B1FFF94BFEB3F937" box="[151,286,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Paramoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by possessing sternal gills (sternobranchiate processes).
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B2A3F94BFBC9F937" box="[971,1124,1755,1780]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B2A3F94BFBC9F937" box="[971,1124,1755,1780]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Sternomoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dwells exclusively in fast moving freshwater streams and currently includes four species. Three of them (
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B557F890FA35F8D9" authority="Tattersall, 1922" authorityName="Tattersall" authorityYear="1922" box="[1087,1432,1792,1818]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B557F890FB6FF8DA" box="[1087,1218,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. japonica</emphasis>
(Tattersall, 1922)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B1FFF8B5FE67F8FC" authority="Ueno, 1933" authorityName="Ueno" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,458,1829,1855]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B1FFF8B5FE89F8FD" box="[151,292,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. yezoensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B05BF8B5FE6CF8FC" author="Ueno" box="[307,449,1829,1855]" pageId="23" pageNumber="27" refString="Ueno, M. (1933) Three noticeable freshwater Crustacea of Hokkaido. Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses, 14, 115 - 122." type="journal article" year="1933">Ueno, 1933</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B0BEF8B5FB99F8FC" authority="Kuribayashi, Mawatari &amp; Ishimaru, 1996" authorityName="Kuribayashi, Mawatari &amp; Ishimaru" authorityYear="1996" box="[470,1076,1829,1855]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhyaca">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B0BEF8B5FDE8F8FD" box="[470,581,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. rhyaca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B324F8B5FB99F8FC" author="Kuribayashi" box="[588,1076,1829,1855]" pageId="23" pageNumber="26" refString="Kuribayashi, K., Mawatari, S. F. &amp; Ishimaru, S. (1996) Taxonomic study on the genus Sternomoera (Crustacea: Amphipoda), with redefinition of S. japonica (Tattersall, 1922) and description of a new species from Japan. Journal of Natural History, 30, 1215 - 1237." type="journal article" year="1996">Kuribayashi, Mawatari &amp; Ishimaru, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) are known from the Japanese archipelago and
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B030F8DBFD02F8A7" authority="Labay, 1997" authorityName="Labay" authorityYear="1997" box="[344,687,1866,1892]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moneronensis">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B030F8DBFDBAF8A7" box="[344,535,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. moneronensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B376F8DAFD02F8A7" author="Labay" box="[542,687,1866,1892]" pageId="23" pageNumber="26" refString="Labay, V. S. (1997) Sternomoera moneronensis sp. n. (Amphipoda, Eusiridae) from freshwater of Moneron Island. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 76, 754 - 758. [in Russian with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1997">Labay, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is known from Moneron island (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B547F8DAFAEAF8A7" author="Kuribayashi" box="[1071,1351,1866,1892]" pageId="23" pageNumber="26" refString="Kuribayashi, K., Mawatari, S. F. &amp; Ishimaru, S. (1996) Taxonomic study on the genus Sternomoera (Crustacea: Amphipoda), with redefinition of S. japonica (Tattersall, 1922) and description of a new species from Japan. Journal of Natural History, 30, 1215 - 1237." type="journal article" year="1996">
Kuribayashi
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B5AFF8DBFB57F8A7" box="[1223,1274,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 1996
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B43BF8DAFF74F849" author="Labay" pageId="23" pageNumber="26" refString="Labay, V. S. (1997) Sternomoera moneronensis sp. n. (Amphipoda, Eusiridae) from freshwater of Moneron Island. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 76, 754 - 758. [in Russian with English abstract]" type="journal article" year="1997">Labay 1997</bibRefCitation>
). As revealed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B0C6F8E0FD1DF849" box="[430,688,1904,1930]" pageId="23" pageNumber="26" refString="Kikuchi, S., Matsumasa, M. &amp; Yashima, Y. (1993) The ultrastructure of the sternal gills forming a striking contrast with the coxal gills in a fresh-water amphipod (crustacea). Tissue &amp; Cell, 25, 915 - 928." type="journal article">
Kikuchi
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B370F8E0FDE2F84A" box="[536,591,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (1993)
</bibRefCitation>
and exemplified by
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF99D265B2C5F8E0FBEDF84A" box="[941,1088,1904,1929]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yezoensis">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF99D265B2C5F8E0FBEDF84A" box="[941,1088,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. yezoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the sterna with sternal gills functions as a transporting as well as respiratory organs (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF99D265B253F805FB3DF86C" author="Kikuchi" box="[827,1168,1941,1967]" pageId="23" pageNumber="26" refString="Kikuchi, S. &amp; Matsumasa, M. (1997) Ultrastructural evidence for osmoregulatory function of the sternal epithelia in some gammaridean amphipods. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 17, 377 - 388." type="journal article" year="1997">Kikuchi &amp; Matsumasa 1997</bibRefCitation>
). It is possible that the humps (pulvinate sternal epithelium) are a “stygobiont modification” to help the new species inhabit subterranean and spring (seeps) biotopes instead of the fast-moving epigean streams where
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB468FF08FA31FF72" box="[1280,1436,152,177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB468FF08FA31FF72" box="[1280,1436,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sternomoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dwells.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6067DFF96D26AB1ADFF72FE43FDE4" blockId="24.[151,1438,152,924]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
The other interesting feature is the presence of blunt processes (
<figureCitation id="13421AF8FF96D26AB2D8FF72FB95FF3F" box="[944,1080,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 29" captionStartId="9.[151,270,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[186,1342,196,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,126,1896]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 29. Paramoera (G.) myslenkovi sp. nov., female, holotype: (23) uropod 1; (24) uropod 2; (25) uropod 3; (26) telson; (27) pleopod 2; (28) first articles of pleopod 2 rami; (29) epimera 1 – 3. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196188/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 27, 28</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13421AF8FF96D26AB52CFF72FBC9FF3F" box="[1092,1124,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 33" captionStartId="11.[151,269,1017,1041]" captionTargetBox="[177,1375,211,954]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,136,996]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 33. Paramoera (G.) myslenkovi sp. nov., male, paratype (5.0 mm): (32) pleopod 2; (33) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196190/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">32</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13421AF8FF96D26AB518FF72FB10FF3F" box="[1136,1213,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 69" captionStartId="19.[151,271,1481,1505]" captionTargetBox="[166,1408,198,1435]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,160,1449]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 69. Paramoera (G.) tiunovi sp. nov., female, holotype: (68) pleopod 2; (69) first articles of pleopod 2 rami. Female, paratype (7.2 mm): (65) head; (66) rostral point; (67) urosome. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196197/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">68, 69</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13421AF8FF96D26AB5A1FF72FB45FF3F" box="[1225,1256,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURES 72 – 75" captionStartId="21.[151,273,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[209,1363,238,1373]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,194,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 72 – 75. Paramoera (G.) tiunovi sp. nov., male, paratype (6.0 mm): (72) antenna 2; (73) pleopod 2; (74) telson; (75) ventral surface of pereonite 7. Scale bars 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: g. p., genital papillae; s. s., sensory seta; cox., coxa of pereopod 7; c. g., coxal gill; pr 7, basis of pereopod 7." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196199/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">73</figureCitation>
) located on the inner face of the first articles of outer rami of pleopods 1–3 for both sexes. Similar features were indicated by M. Ueno (1971, 1971b) for
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB361FEBDFD29FE85" box="[521,644,301,326]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Relictomoera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="relicta">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB361FEBDFD29FE85" box="[521,644,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">R. relicta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB3AEFEBDFCD1FE85" box="[710,892,301,326]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Awacaris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kawasawai">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB3AEFEBDFCD1FE85" box="[710,892,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A. kawasawai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF96D26AB299FEBDFAC0FE84" author="Jaume" box="[1009,1389,301,327]" pageId="24" pageNumber="26" refString="Jaume, D. &amp; Christenson, K. (2001) Amphi-Atlantic distribution of the subterranean amphipod family Metacrangonyctidae (Crustacea, Gammaridea). Contributions to Zoology, 70, 99 - 125." type="journal article" year="2001">Jaume &amp; Christenson (2001)</bibRefCitation>
for
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB1FFFEC2FCC6FEAF" authority="Jaume &amp; Christenson, 2001" authorityName="Jaume &amp; Christenson" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,875,338,364]" class="Malacostraca" family="Metacrangonyctidae" genus="Metacrangonyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominicanus">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB1FFFEC2FDAFFEA8" box="[151,514,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Metacrangonyx dominicanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF96D26AB363FEC2FCC6FEAF" author="Jaume" box="[523,875,338,364]" pageId="24" pageNumber="26" refString="Jaume, D. &amp; Christenson, K. (2001) Amphi-Atlantic distribution of the subterranean amphipod family Metacrangonyctidae (Crustacea, Gammaridea). Contributions to Zoology, 70, 99 - 125." type="journal article" year="2001">Jaume &amp; Christenson, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The only species of
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB510FEC2FABAFEA8" box="[1144,1303,338,363]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB510FEC2FABAFEA8" box="[1144,1303,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sternomoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as well as majority species of
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB0F7FEE8FD9EFE52" box="[415,563,376,401]" class="Malacostraca" family="Eusiridae" genus="Paramoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB0F7FEE8FD9EFE52" box="[415,563,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paramoera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have sexually dimorphic outer rami of pleopod 2. The analogous transformation (terminal setae very short and surrounded by strong longer setae) was also seen for pleopod 2 of
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB1DEFE52FE25FE18" box="[182,392,450,476]" class="Malacostraca" family="Eusiridae" genus="Paramoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myslenkovi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Ganigamoera">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB1DEFE52FF64FE18" box="[182,201,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB1B4FE52FF43FE18" box="[220,238,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB06EFE52FE25FE18" box="[262,392,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">myslenkovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB0E7FE52FE41FE1F" bold="true" box="[399,492,450,476]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E6714FF96D26AB0E7FE52FE41FE1F" box="[399,492,450,476]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13421AF8FF96D26AB094FE52FDFCFE1F" box="[508,593,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 33" captionStartId="11.[151,269,1017,1041]" captionTargetBox="[177,1375,211,954]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,136,996]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 33. Paramoera (G.) myslenkovi sp. nov., male, paratype (5.0 mm): (32) pleopod 2; (33) telson. Scale bars 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196190/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
) males and was especially developed (
<figureCitation id="13421AF8FF96D26AB57DFE52FBC4FE1F" box="[1045,1129,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURES 72 – 75" captionStartId="21.[151,273,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[209,1363,238,1373]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,194,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 72 – 75. Paramoera (G.) tiunovi sp. nov., male, paratype (6.0 mm): (72) antenna 2; (73) pleopod 2; (74) telson; (75) ventral surface of pereonite 7. Scale bars 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: g. p., genital papillae; s. s., sensory seta; cox., coxa of pereopod 7; c. g., coxal gill; pr 7, basis of pereopod 7." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196199/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
) in
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB5FFFE52FA94FE18" box="[1175,1337,450,476]" class="Malacostraca" family="Eusiridae" genus="Paramoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tiunovi" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Ganigamoera">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB5FFFE52FB07FE18" box="[1175,1194,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB5D5FE52FB62FE18" box="[1213,1231,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G</emphasis>
.)
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB58FFE52FA94FE18" box="[1255,1337,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">tiunovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E6714FF96D26AB457FE52FA36FE1F" box="[1343,1435,450,476]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB457FE52FA38FE1F" bold="true" box="[1343,1429,450,476]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
This shape more resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB086FE78FDDAFDC2" box="[494,631,488,513]" class="Malacostraca" family="Eusiridae" genus="Paramoera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koysama">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB086FE78FDDAFDC2" box="[494,631,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. koysama</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than the two other described forms (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF96D26AB519FE78FA35FDC1" author="Kuribayashi" box="[1137,1432,488,514]" pageId="24" pageNumber="26" refString="Kuribayashi, K., Ishimaru, S. &amp; Mawatari, S. F. (1994) Redescription of Sternomoera yezoensis (Ueno, 1933) (Amphipoda: Eusiridae) with reference to sexual dimorphism on pleopod 2. Crustacean Research, 23, 79 - 98." type="journal article" year="1994">
Kuribayashi
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB467FE78FAEBFDC2" box="[1295,1350,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 1994
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF96D26AB1FFFD9DFE4FFDE4" author="Kuribayashi" box="[151,482,525,551]" pageId="24" pageNumber="26" refString="Kuribayashi, K. &amp; Kyono, M. (1995) Two new species of the genus Paramoera (Amphipoda, Gammaridea) from Hokkaido, northern Japan, with special reference to the strangely transformed second pleopod. Crustaceana, 68, 759 - 778." type="journal article" year="1995">Kuribayashi &amp; Kyono 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6067DFF96D26AB1ADFDA2FBCAFC5F" blockId="24.[151,1438,152,924]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Finding genital papillae (
<figureCitation id="13421AF8FF96D26AB090FDA2FDFFFD8F" box="[504,594,562,588]" captionStart="FIGURES 72 – 75" captionStartId="21.[151,273,1423,1447]" captionTargetBox="[209,1363,238,1373]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[151,1436,194,1402]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 72 – 75. Paramoera (G.) tiunovi sp. nov., male, paratype (6.0 mm): (72) antenna 2; (73) pleopod 2; (74) telson; (75) ventral surface of pereonite 7. Scale bars 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: g. p., genital papillae; s. s., sensory seta; cox., coxa of pereopod 7; c. g., coxal gill; pr 7, basis of pereopod 7." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196199/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
) on the ventral surface of pereonite 7 for both new species raises the possibility that structures like this exist for other species in the
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB2E9FDC8FB0BFDB2" box="[897,1190,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Paramoera-Sternomoera</emphasis>
complex. Moreover, the presence of genital papillae is also reported for
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB398FDEDFCF2FD55" box="[752,863,637,662]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhyaca">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB398FDEDFCF2FD55" box="[752,863,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. rhyaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the paper about the catadromous migration of this species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE87B8CFF96D26AB043FD32FDEFFD7F" author="Kuribayashi" box="[299,578,674,700]" pageId="24" pageNumber="26" refString="Kuribayashi, K., Katakura, H., Kyono, M., Dick, M. H. &amp; Mawatari, S. F. (2006) Round-trip catadromous migration in a Japanese Amphipod, Sternomoera rhyaca (Gammaridea: Eusiridae). Zoological Science, 23, 763 - 774." type="journal article" year="2006">
Kuribayashi
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB0ABFD32FE5BFD78" box="[451,502,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 2006
</bibRefCitation>
, p. 765). The genital papilla is very similar to the sternal gill, but it differs from it by exhibiting vas deferens and a minute aperture on the tip. The genital papillae are accompanied by a small sensory seta at their base. Males with spermatophores emerging from apertures were sometimes seen in our samples. After investigating the samples of
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB39BFC82FC13FCE8" box="[755,958,786,811]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moneronensis">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB39BFC82FC13FCE8" box="[755,958,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. moneronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at my disposal, I have concluded that confusion exists when identifying these characteristics. In
<taxonomicName id="4C797DFEFF96D26AB20DFCA8FB81FC92" box="[869,1068,824,849]" class="Malacostraca" family="Pontogeneiidae" genus="Sternomoera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moneronensis">
<emphasis id="B90DDA6FFF96D26AB20DFCA8FB81FC92" box="[869,1068,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. moneronensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males, the genital papillae on pereonite 7 were erroneously identified as a pair of lateral sternal gills. It is obvious that the previously described species require a requalification of the sternal gill character arrangement.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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