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<document id="E3E1A92FD55B188B50903AB997A3454B" ID-DOI="10.1206/4015.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12171426" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1718827081284" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Grimaldi, David A." docDate="2024" docId="0387351BFFE0FFA6F64B5E28FD9AFD96" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2024.4015.1-43.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2024 (4015)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2024/issue-4015/4015.1/The-Drosophila-Sophophora-obscura-species-group-in-the-Americas-Diptera/10.1206/4015.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Drosophila (Sophophora) olmeca Grimaldi 2024, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FFBE4D63FFFDFFB9F7345809FFBBFF97" masterDocTitle="The Drosophila (Sophophora) obscura species group in the Americas (Diptera: Drosophilidae): review, revisions, and three new species" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1718834106313" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="95CFCBA92EF31560D070CCF7840C4363">The Drosophila (Sophophora) obscura species group in the Americas (Diptera: Drosophilidae): review, revisions, and three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="489144E04DB70915C20ECF359E06C690">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A56DCF02AED29A8FE50CAB954D71400D">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0387351BFFE0FFA6F64B5E28FD9AFD96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12173699" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12173699" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0387351BFFE0FFA6F64B5E28FD9AFD96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0387351BFFE0FFA6F64B5E28FD9AFD96" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFE0FFA4F64B5E28FC12F9AC" box="[383,937,1569,1596]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE0FFA4F64B5E28FC12F9AC" blockId="29.[383,937,1569,1596]" box="[383,937,1569,1596]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D0D93361FFE0FFA4F64B5E28FC12F9AC" box="[383,937,1569,1596]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE0FFA4F64B5E28FCB4F9AB" authority="Grimaldi, 2024" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[383,783,1569,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olmeca" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Sophophora">
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE0FFA4F64B5E28FCB4F9AB" bold="true" box="[383,783,1569,1596]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE0FFA4F64B5E28FDBEF9AB" bold="true" box="[383,517,1569,1596]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Drosophila</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE0FFA4F52C5E28FD12F9AB" bold="true" box="[536,681,1569,1596]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sophophora</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE0FFA4F58E5E28FCB4F9AB" bold="true" box="[698,783,1569,1596]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">olmeca</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269E564FFE0FFA4F42A5E2BFC12F9AC" box="[798,937,1569,1596]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C334D786FFE0FFA4F6E95E50FCF7F9E3" box="[477,844,1625,1652]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE0FFA4F6E95E50FCF7F9E3" blockId="29.[477,844,1625,1652]" box="[477,844,1625,1652]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="D0D93361FFE0FFA4F6E95E50FCF7F9E3" box="[477,844,1625,1652]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="7">
<figureCitation id="13159888FFE0FFA4F6E95E50FDDBF9E3" box="[477,608,1625,1652]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[108,150,1381,1402]" captionTargetBox="[108,1212,230,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-89@9.[108,1212,224,1354]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 5. Frontal view of heads of Drosophila narragansett (including seminole, new synonym) and the related species D. olmeca, n. sp. A. D. narragansett, female paralectotype (ASG 11); B. D. narragansett, male paralectotype (ASG 10); C. D. seminole, male holotype; D. D. olmeca, n. sp., male holotype (ASG 25)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171459" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171459/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figures 5D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13159888FFE0FFA4F5585E50FD2BF9E4" box="[620,656,1625,1651]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="17.[108,149,1608,1629]" captionTargetBox="[173,1210,226,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-6@17.[108,1212,224,1581]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIG. 9. Protarsal male sex combs (tarsomeres ta1 and ta2, and ta3 for D. chibcha from Peru) of species in the affinis subgroup. A. D. affinis (ASG 29); B. D. algonquin (ASG 32); C. D. athabasca (ASG 31); D. D. azteca (ASG 13: San Franciso, CA); E. D. azteca (ASG 06: Leticia, Colombia); F. D. chibcha, n. sp. (ASG 04: Zurqui, Costa Rica); G. D. chibcha, n. sp. (ASG 05: Las Alturas, Costa Rica); H. D. chibcha (ASG 07: Rancho Grande, Venezuela); I. D. chibcha (ASG 08: Wayqecha, Peru); J. D. narragansett (ASG 10); K. D. olmeca (ASG 25); L. D. tolteca (ASG 23). All to the same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171465" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171465/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">9K</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13159888FFE0FFA4F5A95E50FD49F9E3" box="[669,754,1625,1652]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="20.[108,149,1681,1702]" captionTargetBox="[130,1151,230,1652]" captionTargetId="figure-6@20.[108,1173,224,1652]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIG. 12. Epandria and associated structures in representative species of the affinis subgroup. A. D. narragansett (ASG 10); B. Details of A; C. D. olmeca, n. sp. (ASG 25); D. Detail of C; E. D. tolteca (ASG 23)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171471/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">12C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13159888FFE0FFA4F5CB5E50FCF7F9E3" box="[767,844,1625,1652]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[108,149,1461,1482]" captionTargetBox="[191,1202,241,1419]" captionTargetId="figure-64@26.[108,1212,226,1434]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 15. Hypandrium, aedeagus and other appendages of representative species of the affinis subgroup (ventral views). A. D. narragansett (ASG 10: paralectotype, Massachusetts); B. D. olmeca (ASG 25: holotype); C. D. tolteca (ASG 23); D. D. narragansett (ASG: Virginia); E. D. olmeca (ASG 25: holotype, detail of B). AC to same scale; D and E to same scale" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12171477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12171477/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">15B, E</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFE0FFA7F7A85E98FDE2FE06" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE0FFA7F7A85E98FDE2FE06" blockId="29.[108,1212,1681,1749]" lastBlockId="30.[108,1214,225,1745]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
DIAGNOSIS: Facial carina very thin, small; acrostichal setae in 6 rows; sex comb with 4 teeth on ta1, 1 on ta2. Known only from male. Like
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE0FFA4F54B5EBEFC88F947" baseAuthorityName="Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[639,819,1719,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="narragansett">
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE0FFA4F54B5EBEFC88F947" box="[639,819,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">D. narragansett</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male with silvery frons and relatively small body size (0.74 for
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE3FFA7F6D458EBFDE9FF6C" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[480,594,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olmeca">
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE3FFA7F6D458EBFDE9FF6C" box="[480,594,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D. olmeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="54953AAFFFE3FFA7F56E58EBFD34FF6B" box="[602,655,226,252]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
, mean of
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thorax length for
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE3FFA7F37E58EBFF2FFEB7" baseAuthorityName="Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1958" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="narragansett">
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE3FFA7F37E58EBFF2FFEB7" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">narragansett</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE3FFA7F798590EFEA4FEB6" authorityName="Grimaldi" authorityYear="2024" box="[172,287,263,289]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olmeca">
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE3FFA7F798590EFEA4FEB6" box="[172,287,263,289]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D. olmeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinguished by the distinctively longer outer lobes of ventral epandrial lobe, whose tips nearly touch ventrally; postgonites shorter, length 0.60× that of hypandrium (vs. 0.770.80× in
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE3FFA7F62F595BFE69FEFC" baseAuthorityName="Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[283,466,338,363]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="narragansett">
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE3FFA7F62F595BFE69FEFC" box="[283,466,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D. narragansett</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Further distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE3FFA7F40B595BFC4DFEFC" baseAuthorityName="Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[831,1014,338,363]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="narragansett">
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE3FFA7F40B595BFC4DFEFC" box="[831,1014,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D. narragansett</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by several wing indices, as given in the description below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFE3FFA6F7A85995FC8DFEB6" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE3FFA7F7A85995FE3EFD00" blockId="30.[108,1214,225,1745]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
DESCRIPTION: Coloration (
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only): Frons with silvery pollinosity over entire front, including frontal vittae, fronto-orbital plates, and ocellar triangle (most obvious in frontal view, in dorsal view frontal vittae are darker); antennae, face, ventral margin of cheek light brown (cheek dorsally lighter); clypeus and palps light brown. Scutum and scutellum medium brown, dull, with dusting of pruinescence; postpronotal lobe, notopleural area, anepisternum similarly brown; katepisternum lighter. Legs light yellow; halter knob light brown; abdomen uniformly brown in
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFE3FFA7F6505A72FEC7FD01" box="[356,380,635,662]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male"></specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE3FFA7F7A85AA8FE4FFBC0" blockId="30.[108,1214,225,1745]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Head: Arista with 4 dorsal, 2 ventral branches, plus terminal fork; pedicel with 3 longer setae. HD/HW 0.80. Anterior reclinate orbital seta slightly posterolateral to proclinate orbital; posterior reclinate slightly closer to proclinate than to inner vertical setae; proclinate 1.7× length of anterior reclinate, posterior reclinate 1.07× length of anterior reclinate. Ipsilateral vertical setae close; inner vertical in line with proclinate and posterior reclinate, IV/OV 0.95. Ocellar setae sockets on tangent between median and posterolateral ocelli; postocellars of moderate length, shorter than ocellars, OC/POC 1.33, parallel, pointing backward; 4 small setulae in ocellar triangle. Frons with 5 setulae near anterior margin. FL/LFW 1.00, UFW/LFW 1.50. Face relatively short, FD/FW 1.15, frontal W-index 2.95; facial carina very narrow, short (0.3× length of face); vibrissa well developed, 1st genal seta small, GS1/VL 0.38, gena with ~6 rather short setae. Cheek of moderate depth, ED/CD 8.2. Palp with 1 long apical seta. Eye broadly oval in lateral view, EW/ED 0.75.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE3FFA7F7A95C68FB35F980" blockId="30.[108,1214,225,1745]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Thorax: Length
<quantity id="4CD629E8FFE3FFA7F6565C68FE6AFBEB" box="[354,465,1121,1148]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="0.74">0.74 mm</quantity>
. Acrostichals in 6 even rows between anterior dorsocentrals, lengths slightly increasing posteriad; acrostichals in front of scutellum or anterior dorsocentrals not enlarged. Anterior dorsocentrals 0.67× length of posterior ones; distance between ipsilateral dorsocentrals less than that between contralateral ones. Postpronotum with 2 strong setae, UPS/LHS 0.77; 2 strong notopleural setae near notopleural suture, plus longer seta dorsally, another, long postsutural seta; katepisternum with 2 large setae, posterior one nearly 2× the length (S-index 0.57), sclerite with 45 small setulae. All scutellar setae parallel, posterior scutellars longer, ASC/PSC 0.82. Legs: profemur with short, ventral row of 3 setae (lengths slightly less than femur width); mid and hind tibiae with stout, ventroapical setae, thinner dorsal-preapical seta; lengths of
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFE3FFA7F6AC5DB8FE0BFA5B" box="[408,432,1457,1484]" count="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="male"></specimenCount>
protarsus ta1 and ta2 nearly equal; ta1 with 4 teeth, ta2 with 1; ta1 teeth touching, greatest length of teeth 1.3× the width of tarsomere. Wing: C-index 2.44 (vs.
<quantity id="4CD629E8FFE3FFA7F75A5DF5FF04F981" box="[110,191,1532,1559]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.731" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="in" value="2.65">2.65 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C2EFF8EFFE3FFA7F7F25DF4FEC1F981" baseAuthorityName="Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[198,378,1533,1558]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Drosophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="narragansett">
<emphasis id="B95A581FFFE3FFA7F7F25DF4FEC1F981" box="[198,378,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D. narragansett</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), hb-index 2.86 (vs. 2.49), 4V-index 2.23, 5X-index 2.50 (vs. 2.15).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE3FFA6F7A85E28FC8DFEB6" blockId="30.[108,1214,225,1745]" lastBlockId="31.[108,1212,225,513]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Abdomen: Male terminalia: epandrium slightly higher than wide; cerci relatively flat, without distinct ventral lobe, ventrally with tuft of ~8 setulae; outer lobe of ventral epandrial lobe long, curved inward such that distal tips almost touch; margin of inner lobe of ventral epandrial lobe hardly defined from surstylus, base of inner lobe with fine furrows; surstylus with row of 78 prensisetae; aedeagus and valves only slightly shorter than postgonites; [presence of microtrichia on aedeagus not observable]; aedeagal valves without micropapillae. hypandrium length 1.45× the width. Female terminalia: unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFE2FFA6F7A95924FE0EFEFB" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE2FFA6F7A95924FE0EFEFB" blockId="31.[108,1212,225,513]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<materialsCitation id="3B468E50FFE2FFA6F7A95924FE0EFEFB" collectingDate="1959-05" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="M. Wasserman. Dissected" country="Mexico" location="Chiap" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="ASG25" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
TYPE:
<typeStatus id="54953AAFFFE2FFA6F7D15925FEE9FED1" box="[229,338,300,326]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D284F84FFE2FFA6F66E5922FEC9FED1" box="[346,370,299,326]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="male"></specimenCount>
: San Cristobal,
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[as],
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFE2FFA6F5995925FD4AFED1" box="[685,753,300,326]" name="Mexico" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">MEX</collectingCountry>
[ICO] /
<date id="FF90A2CDFFE2FFA6F47F5924FC7BFED0" box="[843,960,300,327]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1959-05">
<collectingDate id="EFD45B25FFE2FFA6F47F5924FC7BFED0" box="[843,960,300,327]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1959-05">May 1959</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26DBE1DBFFE2FFA6F4F85924FF0EFEFC" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">M. Wasserman. Dissected</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="DB882C76FFE2FFA6F7F15958FEA4FEFB" box="[197,287,337,364]" collectionCode="ASG" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ASG25</specimenCode>
), in
<collectionCode id="ED3F1CC8FFE2FFA6F667595BFE0AFEFB" box="[339,433,338,364]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">AMNH</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFE2FFA6F7A8597EFCD5FE4C" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE2FFA6F7A8597EFC65FE21" blockId="31.[108,1212,225,513]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
ETYMOLOGY: Derived from the Olmec people, who lived 1200400 BCE in southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFE2FFA6F7585995FF78FE21" box="[108,195,412,438]" name="Mexico" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mexico</collectingCountry>
and are well known for their carvings of monumental stone heads.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE2FFA6F7A859C8FCD5FE4C" blockId="31.[108,1212,225,513]" box="[156,878,449,476]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Known only from the
<typeStatus id="54953AAFFFE2FFA6F58959CBFD4BFE4B" box="[701,752,450,476]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C334D786FFE2FFA6F7A859EEFD9AFD96" box="[156,545,487,513]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B91840DFFE2FFA6F7A859EEFD9AFD96" blockId="31.[108,1212,225,513]" box="[156,545,487,513]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
DISTRIBUTION:
<collectingRegion id="49EA4AEFFFE2FFA6F66259EEFE0CFD96" box="[342,439,487,513]" country="Mexico" name="Chiapas" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chiapas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F339C49DFFE2FFA6F6F759EEFDA7FD96" box="[451,540,487,513]" name="Mexico" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mexico</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>