282 lines
34 KiB
XML
282 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="FA5D99FCD270360DC640ECBA6C7C23A4" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbb51c92-e184-489d-aba8-18d1dc9a25cd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="234023" ID-ZooBank="71E2B8DA-825E-429F-BAA0-F582702B4A80" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461348015003" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="López-García, Margarita M., Gasca-Álvarez, Héctor J. & Amat-García, Germán" docDate="2015" docId="990DA529FF81FFA6FF46457F1785FD86" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04048p492.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4048 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Tomarus fossor Latreille 1813" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="484" masterDocId="6534DD51FF9EFF87FFD1425F1659FFE6" masterDocTitle="The scarab beetle tribe Pentodontini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) of Colombia: taxonomy, natural history, and distribution" masterLastPageNumber="492" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="482" updateTime="1698621022009" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="15F0AF5CB1CE7B1BEC179D2EB28053C6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="287EEFCAA7F3A026095B6004330A27E4">
|
||
<mods:title id="1CC3DCBB06843F49013A9CBFBCE446F6">The scarab beetle tribe Pentodontini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) of Colombia: taxonomy, natural history, and distribution</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="C971BB8A64C99132D8A020323DD5FADF" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="6E0775BE581FB0FA9E4FD12E8240211D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="23BABF46BB6E978CA9DEB7FB58F9389F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="2A10E1F72E53C1E0AA0E0C2B559D411A">López-García, Margarita M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="822057F711E9E973F9DC2A719D0A986E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="FE9730F54E8AF2A95B340AA640D742E7">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C9F218549AE23916853F0C11AFDA137D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="6798B4A6D223ADDDEBA0B496AB27F948">Gasca-Álvarez, Héctor J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="5FB703142450D090C3214D7F000F4FDB" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="191A43A890CA674C8FA51EE1010A703C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="DF55058428B8FEFD765E68E65895E8A2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B6F6E4760BDFA8FD269520725A75B136">Amat-García, Germán</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="6CAC938AF0031F856A94E2F768DC6C77">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="3F85E27847F6769A59738B675C634214" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A1AA860CCCE0C36FB1D750921EEB2B41">
|
||
<mods:title id="CE528DFD4168B06A1CEA5B6DD2B197E3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="5EC89CB8C3C8C83DF81A520CF04B2C2B">
|
||
<mods:date id="9BB12819E8FA5ECACB696A3DBF4EF65C">2015</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="0304442E288462C2C14C35226EC5E4EA" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="5E51BB5DD5930F2A4C7C7B37DBCC752D">4048</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="D04E8197FF5C6845A7262E88C5F08B45" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="73C5E27F1810AB8CFE58AF2ACA2E2404">4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="816424962EC55EA5EBB15C1FFE9819E2" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="74FABDE0DE20758F5695B13E7220865E">451</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="5628A09FCEB21C7CF57E00D124F56153">492</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="1BA398F7D13E0DF56F242DF94777E017">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="1B672EBA227302528A93AB0CAEB9BE70" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4048.4.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="9DA000A05EB9B1AFF472657777070BC2" type="GBIF-Dataset">bbb51c92-e184-489d-aba8-18d1dc9a25cd</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F31318A20A2815C6DF0936E8BDF14EEC" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E34D4B4F55CF157329C7E9B936CED3C6" type="Zenodo-Dep">234023</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E1F14E45F8CA87C4CC63DCE91DB8BD33" type="ZooBank">71E2B8DA-825E-429F-BAA0-F582702B4A80</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="990DA529FF81FFA6FF46457F1785FD86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6489255" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119645675" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6489255" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:990DA529FF81FFA6FF46457F1785FD86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/990DA529FF81FFA6FF46457F1785FD86" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="484" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF81FF98FF46457F1713F8BD" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFF81FF98FF46457F1478F8DC" blockId="31.[151,545,1824,1883]" box="[151,545,1824,1850]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<heading id="4A53A353FF81FF98FF46457F1478F8DC" bold="true" box="[151,545,1824,1850]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF81FF98FF46457F1478F8DC" authority="Latreille, 1813" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1813" box="[151,545,1824,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossor">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF81FF98FF46457F1478F8DC" bold="true" box="[151,545,1824,1850]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF81FF98FF46457F1708F8DC" bold="true" box="[151,337,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Tomarus fossor</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF81FF98FEB0457F144EF8DC" author="Latreille" box="[353,535,1824,1850]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1813) Insectes de l'Amerique equinoxiale recueillis pendant le voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland, Seconde partie. In: Smith, C. J. & Gide, E. C. (Eds.) Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland, Deuxieme Partie. Observations de Zoologie et d'Anatomie Comparee. Paris, France. pp. 1 - 64." type="book chapter" year="1813">Latreille, 1813</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFF81FF98FF46451D1713F8BD" blockId="31.[151,545,1824,1883]" box="[151,330,1858,1883]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF81FF98FF4E451D1718F8BD" box="[159,321,1858,1883]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1550,1573]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,769,1529]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Tomarus fossor. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126) pygidium, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Figs. 124–131</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF81FF98FF4645D41440F847" box="[151,537,1931,1953]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFF81FF98FF4645D41440F847" blockId="31.[151,537,1931,1953]" box="[151,537,1931,1953]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="31B43311FF81FF98FF4645D41440F847" box="[151,537,1931,1953]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFF81FF98FF4645D4144CF847" ID-CoL="4V239" authority="Latreille, 1813: 11" authorityName="Latreille" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1813" box="[151,533,1931,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossor">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF81FF98FF4645D41708F847" box="[151,337,1931,1953]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Scarabaeus fossor</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9005322EFF81FF98FE8645D4144CF847" author="Latreille" box="[343,533,1931,1953]" page="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" year="1813">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFF81FF98FE8645D417A9F847" author="Latreille" box="[343,496,1931,1953]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1813) Insectes de l'Amerique equinoxiale recueillis pendant le voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland, Seconde partie. In: Smith, C. J. & Gide, E. C. (Eds.) Voyage de Humboldt et Bonpland, Deuxieme Partie. Observations de Zoologie et d'Anatomie Comparee. Paris, France. pp. 1 - 64." type="book chapter" year="1813">Latreille, 1813</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 11
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FF81FFA7FF4645971444FD2A" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="483" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFF81FFA7FF4645971444FD2A" blockId="31.[151,1436,1992,2017]" lastBlockId="32.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="483" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFF81FF98FF4645971770F807" bold="true" box="[151,297,1992,2017]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFF81FF98FE1D45971477F806" box="[460,558,1992,2017]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1550,1573]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,769,1529]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Tomarus fossor. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126) pygidium, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
|
||
. Length 14.0–
|
||
<quantity id="D65CB9DAFF81FF98FD034597156FF806" box="[722,822,1992,2017]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="14.5">14.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(♂), 13.5–15.0 mm (♀). Width 6.5–7.0 mm (♂),
|
||
<quantity id="D65CB9DAFF81FFA7FABA459716B4FF49" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="483" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="7.5">7.5– 8.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(♀). Color dark to light reddish brown, head and base of pronotum darker, head nearly black.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FADC42C8130CFF56" bold="true" box="[1293,1365,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Head:</emphasis>
|
||
Frons flat; surface strongly punctate, punctures nearly rounded, deep, large and dense; vertex nearly smooth. Frontoclypeal region with a transverse carina interrupted at middle, often weakly connected. Clypeus with surface transversely rugose; apex broadly truncate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFFBEFFA7FD52435B14BCFEFA" box="[643,741,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1550,1573]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,769,1529]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Tomarus fossor. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126) pygidium, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
|
||
), with 2 small teeth; teeth reflexed, widely separated (about 2 tooth diameters). Interocular distance equals 2.8–3.0 times the transverse ocular diameter. Antennal club longer than antennomeres 2–7. Mandibles with 3 teeth.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FD6F43131565FE85" bold="true" box="[702,828,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Pronotum:</emphasis>
|
||
Surface with punctures evenly dispersed, deep, large, weakly umbilicale punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFFBEFFA7FE2443301402FE6E" box="[501,603,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1550,1573]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,769,1529]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Tomarus fossor. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126) pygidium, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
|
||
). Apical tubercle and fovea absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFFBEFFA7FBD743301234FE6E" box="[1030,1133,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1550,1573]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,769,1529]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Tomarus fossor. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126) pygidium, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Fig. 125</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBEFFA7FB5543301307FE6E" authority="Surface" authorityName="Surface" box="[1156,1374,367,392]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FB554330135BFE6E" bold="true" box="[1156,1282,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Scutellum:</emphasis>
|
||
Surface
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with about 15 deep and some minute, sparse punctures.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FD2043CC151BFE4A" bold="true" box="[753,834,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Elytra:</emphasis>
|
||
Surface with deep, large, ocellate punctures, some smaller between intervals; 3 pairs of double rows of punctures distinct; elytral suture present.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBEFFA7FB1943E813C2FE36" authority="Surface" authorityName="Surface" box="[1224,1435,439,464]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FB1943E81366FE36" bold="true" box="[1224,1343,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Pygidium:</emphasis>
|
||
Surface
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
completely punctate; punctures large, ocellate, minutely setigerous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFFBEFFA7FC6543831245FE13" box="[948,1052,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1550,1573]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,769,1529]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Tomarus fossor. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126) pygidium, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Fig. 126</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface evenly convex in both sexes.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FF30405F1778FDF1" bold="true" box="[225,289,512,535]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Legs:</emphasis>
|
||
Protibia tridentate, basal tooth distinctly removed from others. Male protarsus simple, not enlarged. Apex of metatibia slightly crenulate with 18
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FD52407B14C8FDDB" bold="true" box="[643,657,548,573]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">–</emphasis>
|
||
20 spinules on the apical margin, only
|
||
<quantity id="D65CB9DAFFBEFFA7FBEF407B122EFDDB" box="[1086,1143,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" unit="in" value="15.0">15 in</quantity>
|
||
some males. Apex of first metatarsomere truncate.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FE614017145DFDB9" bold="true" box="[432,516,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Venter:</emphasis>
|
||
Prosternal process short, not extending beyond procoxae; apex spherical and completely cover by long yellow setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FD8A403314B9FD63" bold="true" box="[603,736,620,645]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FD8A4033148EFD65" bold="true" box="[603,727,620,643]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Parameres</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Base broad; lateral teeth large, upwards and with apex acute; apical third narrowed, apices straight (
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFFBEFFA7FDBB40D0154EFD4E" box="[618,791,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1550,1573]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,769,1529]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Tomarus fossor. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126) pygidium, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Figs. 128–129</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FCFB40D01254FD4E" bold="true" box="[810,1037,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Spiculum gastrale:</emphasis>
|
||
Base slightly shorter than lateral branches, apex truncate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFFBEFFA7FE7F40EB1449FD2A" box="[430,528,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1550,1573]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,769,1529]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Tomarus fossor. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126) pygidium, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Fig. 130</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="45DB44B7FFBEFFA7FF4644511734F984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" targetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" targetPageId="32">
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFFBEFFA7FF4644511734F984" blockId="32.[151,1436,1550,1634]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FF4644511737F9C2" bold="true" box="[151,366,1550,1573]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">FIGURES 124–131.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBEFFA7FEA4444F1449F9C3" box="[373,528,1551,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossor">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FEA4444F1449F9C3" box="[373,528,1551,1573]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Tomarus fossor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBEFFA7FB4D44501359F9C3" box="[1180,1280,1551,1573]" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Pygidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="488" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">pygidium</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FFBEFFA6FF1644D616ADFF32" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="484" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFFBEFFA7FF1644D61465F8E8" blockId="32.[151,1436,1673,2022]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FF1644D61718F944" bold="true" box="[199,321,1673,1698]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBEFFA7FE9D44D417A4F944" box="[332,509,1674,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossor">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FE9D44D417A4F944" box="[332,509,1674,1698]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Tomarus fossor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by its small size, red color, and lack of a pronotal fovea and tubercle. This species resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBEFFA7FDC044F114C3F920" box="[529,666,1709,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuniculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FDC044F114C3F920" box="[529,666,1709,1734]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">T. cuniculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its reddish brown color and small size. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBEFFA7FADB44F11335F920" box="[1290,1388,1710,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossor">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FADB44F11335F920" box="[1290,1388,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">T. fossor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has neither a pronotal tubercle nor fovea, the punctures on the pronotum are deeper, and the basal tooth of the protibia is distinctly removed from the others.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFFBEFFA7FF1645461733F800" blockId="32.[151,1436,1673,2022]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FF16454617CBF8D4" bold="true" box="[199,402,1817,1842]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Locality records.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="899F08BAFFBEFFA7FE734546145BF8D4" box="[418,514,1817,1842]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 131" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1550,1573]" captionTargetBox="[159,1430,770,1525]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,769,1529]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 131. Tomarus fossor. 124) habitus in dorsal view, 125) habitus in lateral view, 126) pygidium, 127) head and pronotum in dorsal view, 128) parameres in frontal view, 129) parameres in lateral view, 130) spiculum gastrale, 131) locality records in Colombia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/234041/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Fig. 131</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<specimenCount id="07A2DFB6FFBEFFA7FDC3454514F7F8D4" box="[530,686,1817,1842]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" type="generic">32 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="07A2DFB6FFBEFFA7FD6B454514B4F8D4" box="[698,749,1818,1842]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" type="generic">12♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 20♀. Specimens were seen from CTI, IAvH, ICN, MEFLG, MPUJ, UNAB.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FE81456217ABF8B0" bold="true" box="[336,498,1853,1878]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Atlántico (7):</emphasis>
|
||
Juan de Acosta, Reserva Campesina La Montaña (5). Puerto
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBEFFA7FB104562136BF8B0" box="[1217,1330,1853,1878]" name="Colombia" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Campus Univ. Atlántico (1). Repelón, Reserva Bijibana (1).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FD35453E1536F89C" bold="true" box="[740,879,1889,1914]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Bolívar (2):</emphasis>
|
||
Cartagena (1);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBEFFA7FBF2453E1212F89C" box="[1059,1099,1889,1914]" name="Iceland" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Isla</collectingCountry>
|
||
Barú (1).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FB13453E1362F89C" bold="true" box="[1218,1339,1889,1914]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Cesar (6):</emphasis>
|
||
Agustín Codazzi (6).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FEE145DA1796F878" bold="true" box="[304,463,1925,1950]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Córdoba (3):</emphasis>
|
||
Cereté, La Coroza (3).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FD3C45DA15F4F878" bold="true" box="[749,941,1925,1950]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">La Guajira (6):</emphasis>
|
||
Campamento Mushaisa, Intercor Cerrejón Norte.
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FF3545F617C2F824" bold="true" box="[228,411,1961,1986]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Magdalena (5):</emphasis>
|
||
Santa
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBEFFA7FE3745F51475F827" box="[486,556,1962,1985]" name="Malta" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Marta</collectingCountry>
|
||
, PNN Tayrona (5).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FCD745F612F1F824" bold="true" box="[774,1192,1961,1986]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Ambiguous data (3). Antioquia (2):</emphasis>
|
||
Medellín (2).
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBEFFA7FA9845F61698F800" bold="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Caldas (1):</emphasis>
|
||
Manizales (1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFFBFFFA6FF1642C816ADFF32" blockId="33.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBFFFA6FF1642C81780FF56" bold="true" box="[199,473,151,176]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Temporal distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
March (6), May (4), June (4), July (6), August (2), October (2), December (6). No data (4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="59BE47B4FFBFFFA6FF1642801785FD86" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFFBFFFA6FF164280155CFE36" blockId="33.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBFFFA6FF1642801739FF1E" bold="true" box="[199,352,223,248]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FEB8428017B6FF1E" box="[361,495,223,248]" name="El Salvador" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FE2D42BF1405FF1E" box="[508,604,224,248]" name="Curaçao" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FDB84280149FFF1E" box="[617,710,223,248]" name="Jamaica" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Jamaica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FD0242801548FF1E" box="[723,785,223,248]" name="Cuba" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FCCC42BF15FEFF1E" box="[797,935,223,248]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FC624280127DFF1E" box="[947,1060,223,248]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FBE0428012FEFF1E" box="[1073,1191,223,248]" name="Venezuela" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FB654280134AFF1E" box="[1204,1299,223,248]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FAF14280133EFF1E" box="[1312,1383,223,248]" name="Brazil" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FF46435B16B3FEFB" box="[151,234,260,285]" name="Bolivia" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFFBFFFA6FF28435B17C3FEFB" author="Endrodi" box="[249,410,260,285]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Endrodi, S. (1969) Monographie der Dynastinae. 4. Tribus: Pentodontini (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). Entomologische Abhandlungen Museum fur Tierkunde, Dresden, 37, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="1969">Endrödi 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFFBFFFA6FE77435B14F5FEFB" author="Ratcliffe" box="[422,684,260,285]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D. (2006) The Dynastinae Scarab Beetles of Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 21, 1 - 424." type="journal article" year="2006">Ratcliffe & Cave 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFFBFFFA6FD68435B15C7FEFA" author="Carvajal" box="[697,926,260,285]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Carvajal, V., Villamarin, C. & Ortega A. M. (2011) Escarabajos del Ecuador. Principales generos. Serie Entomologia, No. 1. Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador." type="book" year="2011">
|
||
Carvajal
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBFFFA6FCF1435A150BFEFB" box="[800,850,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FC03435B121AFEFB" box="[978,1091,260,285]" name="Colombia" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the species was found in five departments of the Caribbean region, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFFBFFFA6FDBA4378154FFEA6" author="Endrodi" box="[619,790,295,320]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Endrodi, S. (1969) Monographie der Dynastinae. 4. Tribus: Pentodontini (Coleoptera, Lamellicornia). Entomologische Abhandlungen Museum fur Tierkunde, Dresden, 37, 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="1969">Endrödi (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported an additional record in Sucre. Two females from Medellín and one male from Manizales (all from MEFLG) were considered as mislabeled. Taking into account the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBFFFA6FEEF432E17C6FE6E" box="[318,415,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossor">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBFFFA6FEEF432E17C6FE6E" box="[318,415,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">T. fossor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FE15432F1444FE61" box="[452,541,368,391]" name="Panama" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFFBFFFA6FDFA43301488FE6E" author="Ratcliffe" box="[555,721,367,392]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. (2003) The Dynastinae scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 16, 1 - 506." type="journal article" year="2003">Ratcliffe 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="69B354AFFFBFFFA6FCC1433015DAFE6E" box="[784,899,367,392]" name="Venezuela" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFFBFFFA6FC43433012C9FE6E" author="Escalona" box="[914,1168,367,392]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Escalona, H. E. & Joly, L. J. (2006) El genero Ligyrus Burmeister, 1847 en Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). Boletin Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 39, 111 - 137." type="journal article" year="2006">Escalona & Joly 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), it is not likely that the species reaches elevations up to
|
||
<quantity id="D65CB9DAFFBFFFA6FDC943CB1425FE4A" box="[536,636,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" unit="m" value="1000.0">1,000 m</quantity>
|
||
. Additionally, the record by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFFBFFFA6FC0043CB129CFE4A" author="Neita-Moreno" box="[977,1221,404,429]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Neita-Moreno, J. C. (2011) Escarabajos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea) del departamento de Choco, Colombia. Revista Biodiversidad Neotropical, 1, 17 - 27." type="journal article" year="2011">Neita-Moreno (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for Chocó, which includes a photograph, probably corresponds to
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBFFFA6FD6343E6155CFE36" box="[690,773,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBFFFA6FD6343E614A7FE36" box="[690,766,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gyas">T. gyas</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="111B143FFFBFFFA6FF1643831785FD86" blockId="33.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBFFFA6FF16438317D2FE13" bold="true" box="[199,395,476,501]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
This is a lowland species, which was collected from
|
||
<quantity id="D65CB9DAFFBFFFA6FBCC438312DFFE12" box="[1053,1158,476,501]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.355" metricValueMax="2.69" metricValueMin="0.02" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" unit="m" value="135.5" valueMax="269.0" valueMin="2.0">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBFFFA6FBFA43831260FE13" bold="true" box="[1067,1081,476,501]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">–</emphasis>
|
||
269 m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevation. Adults were collected with light and Malaise traps. Some of them were found in dry forest, and others were collected on maize and flowers of sunflower (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBFFFA6FE17407B1555FDDB" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[454,780,548,573]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helianthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annuus">
|
||
<emphasis id="23D0C82DFFBFFFA6FE17407B14C2FDDA" box="[454,667,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Helianthus annuus</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6A46FBCFFBFFFA6FCF5407B15FCFDDA" box="[804,933,548,572]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), where it has been previously reported as a pest (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="753569CEFFBFFFA6FF0340181789FD86" author="Escalona" box="[210,464,583,608]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refString="Escalona, H. E. & Joly, L. J. (2006) El genero Ligyrus Burmeister, 1847 en Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). Boletin Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 39, 111 - 137." type="journal article" year="2006">Escalona & Joly 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |