127 lines
15 KiB
XML
127 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="4344C63BB94040DE54F1341A3BED382B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="38807" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1af13aec-3c54-4a92-abdf-e4e29b97e82f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="271704" ID-ZooBank="118F4865-D89E-45EA-A210-8D61946CC37F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1465971881907" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Matz, Jess & Brower, Andrew V. Z." docDate="2016" docId="03F187D7FFAE8458FF11FF38FB01BA10" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4125.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4125 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Neomaenas inornata Elwes 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="FFC8FFAFFF8B847DFF86FFA0FFD9B918" masterDocTitle="The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1698662999642" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="A4439D3645CE0A3EE6B62B31E72AE667" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C59623C877E6653A915226BAB3A62283">
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<mods:title id="0CB937A523D1F6AD10BCF14DF0265ACB">The South Temperate Pronophilina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae): a phylogenetic hypothesis, redescriptions and revisionary notes</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="602EDB4204B95B489FD66DD17FF6B611" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5110D0CED47F1755DD18BFFC9AC5B49A">Matz, Jess</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6D04EFF9D3221104FE0D0654AC5C834E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="28C2A32E2D078DC8632240F0BC69F717">Brower, Andrew V. Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A0F7ED29556DB7E8B3C1A24D77E259C7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="87381C7240DD73E838D0806B5E6F54A8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2AFEE183363C4EFFDCA9B6D08B2CE0A4">
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<mods:date id="D39FFACA3D03CD674D511450FC5512A4">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="41BAAF35C2DE5760C589FFB37BB7AD1E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F687383F10145F64DF26CC201DB3B581">4125</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="96892F7B76F6C494D0B7BC042A4820AC">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="DCF79C8B098CB011BF18EF7ED0E6E30F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EA4240007E1EB6EED54C0E31B77BDB85" type="CLB-Dataset">38807</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3FD16EBAD90685D1436F49BDD35FDB41" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4125.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="27D64165638721CD7E90C168207180AC" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F187D7FFAE8458FF11FF38FB01BA10" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6070040" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120828469" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6070040" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F187D7FFAE8458FF11FF38FB01BA10" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187D7FFAE8458FF11FF38FB01BA10" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAE8458FF11FF38FE8CB9CB" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAE8458FF11FF38FDF4B9AA" blockId="37.[151,557,152,211]" box="[151,557,152,178]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="D0AF81ADFFAE8458FF11FF38FDF4B9AA" bold="true" box="[151,557,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAE8458FF11FF38FDF4B9AA" ID-CoL="6RVMT" authority="Elwes, 1903" authorityName="Elwes" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,557,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inornata">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FF11FF38FDF4B9AA" bold="true" box="[151,557,152,178]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FF11FF38FE4DB9AA" bold="true" box="[151,404,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Neomaenas inornata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAE8458FE1DFF38FDF4B9AA" author="Elwes" box="[411,557,152,178]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Elwes, H. J. (1903) The butterflies of Chile. Transactions of the entomological Society of London, 1903 (3), 263 - 301, pls. 12 - 15." type="journal article" year="1903">Elwes, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAE8458FF11FF1AFE8CB9CB" blockId="37.[151,557,152,211]" box="[151,341,186,211]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13632A44FFAE8458FF19FF1AFF35B9CB" box="[159,236,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="84.[151,250,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[369,1221,202,1583]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[360,1227,193,1585]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURE 7. Composite habitus images of Neomaenas species. The left side of each specimen is the dorsal surface, the right side is the ventral surface. A, B: Neomaenas inornata Elwes 1903. Lithographs of male holotype (BMNH # Rh 3864) (A), and female allotype (BMNH) (B), (reproduced from Plate XIV of Elwes, 1903, Figure 19); C, D: Neomaenas monachus (Blanchard, 1852) — male N. monachus monachus (C), male N. monachus limonias (MZUJ) (D); E, F: Neomaenas poliozona (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) male holotype N. poliozona (BMNH # 809789) (E), male holotype N. poliozona eustephanos Matz nom. nov. (BMNH # 809619) (F); G: Neomaenas simplex (Butler, 1881) male holotype (BMNH # Rh 3878); H: Neomaenas tristis (Guérin-Méneville, [1830]) male (MZUJ); I, J: Neomaenas wallengrenii Butler, 1881, male lectotype (BMNH # 809361) (I), female paralectotype (BMNH # 809362) (J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271711/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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A, B; 26)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAE8458FF11FEA2FCC4B82F" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAE8458FF11FEA2FCC4B82F" blockId="37.[151,802,258,311]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAE8458FF11FEA2FF2CB800" box="[151,245,258,280]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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(male): BM(NH)
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<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAE8458FE28FEA3FE39B800" box="[430,480,259,280]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
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No. Rh 3864 (photo examined)
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<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAE8458FF11FE82FF10B82F" box="[151,201,290,311]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
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location: Baños de Cauqueñes, O’Higgins Province,
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFAE8458FD60FE81FCC4B82F" box="[742,797,289,311]" name="Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chile</collectingCountry>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAE8458FF11FEC4FC65B8B8" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAE8458FF11FEC4FC65B8B8" blockId="37.[151,1436,356,776]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FF11FEC4FEF0B865" bold="true" box="[151,297,356,381]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Distribution</emphasis>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAE8458FEBFFEC4FE2FB864" author="Heimlich" box="[313,502,356,381]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Heimlich, W. (1972) Satyridae der sudlichen Neotropis und Subantarktis (Lepidoptera: Satyridae). Beitrage Entomologische, 22, 149 - 197." type="journal article" year="1972">Heimlich (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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indicated that the
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAE8458FD48FEC5FC88B864" box="[718,849,357,380]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inornata">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FD48FEC5FC88B864" box="[718,849,357,380]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">N. inornata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is found in wooded areas with
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAE8458FB47FEC4FAE8B865" box="[1217,1329,356,381]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FB47FEC4FAE8B865" box="[1217,1329,356,381]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chusquea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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bamboo, ranging from Valparaiso to Valdivia,
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7651FFAE8458FDB0FE27FDACB8B8" box="[566,629,391,416]" name="Chile" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chile</collectingCountry>
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, from Nov. to Dec. (
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<figureCitation id="13632A44FFAE8458FCDDFE27FC76B8B8" box="[859,943,391,416]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="103.[151,250,1663,1685]" captionText="FIGURE 26. Distribution of locality records for Neomaenas species." pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAE8458FF41FE0CFC29BBA7" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAE8458FF41FE0CFC29BBA7" blockId="37.[151,1436,356,776]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FF41FE0CFEE3B8DD" bold="true" box="[199,314,428,453]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. As noted by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAE8458FE66FE0CFDA2B8DC" author="Elwes" box="[480,635,428,453]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Elwes, H. J. (1903) The butterflies of Chile. Transactions of the entomological Society of London, 1903 (3), 263 - 301, pls. 12 - 15." type="journal article" year="1903">Elwes (1903)</bibRefCitation>
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, the species is similar in size, wing shape and dorsal coloration to
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAE8458FA04FE0DFF32B8F0" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="servilia">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FA04FE0DFA4CB8DC" box="[1410,1429,429,452]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">N</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FF11FE6FFF32B8F0" box="[151,235,463,488]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">servilia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, the underside of the hindwing, rather than being boldly marked like that species, is a plain brown with a slight coppery sheen (Elwes called it “plain olive-grey”). Androconial patches are absent, and the wing patterns of the two sexes are similar, although the bipupillated ventral forewing ocellus is apparent as a shadow on the dorsal surface of the female but not the male. In the
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<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAE8458FC29FD9CFBCDBB4D" box="[943,1044,572,597]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, there are two small, pale-colored ocelli in HWV cells Rs-M1 and M1-M2, approximately midway between the apex of the discal cell and the wing margin. These are absent in Elwes’ (1903, Plate XIV, fig. 2) illustration of the female. The male genitalia, as illustrated by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B30FFAE8458FEB7FD07FE34BBD8" author="Heimlich" box="[305,493,679,704]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refString="Heimlich, W. (1972) Satyridae der sudlichen Neotropis und Subantarktis (Lepidoptera: Satyridae). Beitrage Entomologische, 22, 149 - 197." type="journal article" year="1972">Heimlich (1972)</bibRefCitation>
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, appear most similar to those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D42FFAE8458FCDCFD09FC31BBD8" box="[858,1000,679,704]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Neomaenas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="poliozona">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FCDCFD09FC31BBD8" box="[858,1000,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">N. poliozona</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C342654AFFAE8458FF41FD6CFB01BA10" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE736C1FFAE8458FF41FD6CFB01BA10" blockId="37.[151,1436,356,776]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD3FFAE8458FF41FD6CFEEDBBFD" bold="true" box="[199,308,716,741]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Remarks</emphasis>
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. Material of this species was not available for close examination or dissection. We provide a diagnosis based on the original description, illustrations (
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<figureCitation id="13632A44FFAE8458FC91FD4FFC80BA10" box="[791,857,751,776]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="84.[151,250,1606,1628]" captionTargetBox="[369,1221,202,1583]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[360,1227,193,1585]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURE 7. Composite habitus images of Neomaenas species. The left side of each specimen is the dorsal surface, the right side is the ventral surface. A, B: Neomaenas inornata Elwes 1903. Lithographs of male holotype (BMNH # Rh 3864) (A), and female allotype (BMNH) (B), (reproduced from Plate XIV of Elwes, 1903, Figure 19); C, D: Neomaenas monachus (Blanchard, 1852) — male N. monachus monachus (C), male N. monachus limonias (MZUJ) (D); E, F: Neomaenas poliozona (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) male holotype N. poliozona (BMNH # 809789) (E), male holotype N. poliozona eustephanos Matz nom. nov. (BMNH # 809619) (F); G: Neomaenas simplex (Butler, 1881) male holotype (BMNH # Rh 3878); H: Neomaenas tristis (Guérin-Méneville, [1830]) male (MZUJ); I, J: Neomaenas wallengrenii Butler, 1881, male lectotype (BMNH # 809361) (I), female paralectotype (BMNH # 809362) (J)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/271711/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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A, B), and photos of the
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<typeStatus id="54E38863FFAE8458FBE8FD4FFB0DBA10" box="[1134,1236,751,776]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |