329 lines
48 KiB
XML
329 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document id="7F21C81EFDCDB97A5A65FD565FB12027" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4238.3.6SLASH10402" ID-CLB-Dataset="36339" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4238.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d97b6547-0416-4107-92ac-14e0d31817ad" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="345800" ID-ZooBank="A7B98CE6-E473-47D6-83E5-A92F296ADB6E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1488789862215" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas & Karraker, Nancy E." docDate="2017" docId="0393D425FF84FF97FF0684E92B0353FB" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4238.3.6SLASH10402.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4238 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chordodes moutoni Camerano 1895" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="402" masterDocId="FFAAAC5DFF81FF90FF91847E286B5273" masterDocTitle="Nematomorpha from Hong Kong and description of a new species from Malaysia" masterLastPageNumber="405" masterPageNumber="395" pageNumber="400" updateTime="1698437642672" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="3752080ADD6E73FD0EB4DE2D5BD55129" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="EB12E6F33677DA5BE8D36BDD0DA139FE">
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<mods:title id="B5562A548A63E27AFF2B6B7BEFD81D7F">Nematomorpha from Hong Kong and description of a new species from Malaysia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="AFBCE256ACA211092F784B9DDFBE2944" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EAF52757BBF905F7E10E229424672456">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="694971A241DBF554C85B7F130F3C5E2D">Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8D1364DBD8246089C0B1F7A2B42D55C6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="41443A908474579A89DF548B03E7ADFA">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4EED71651AF1D96195BCAA88BE88D866">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A92FEAC6880CD1D362F1BB5360F4E580">Karraker, Nancy E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="54CB738EF123B07518F085D87B77005C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="C7716239D6E52408B3D96FDCC3075E52">
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<mods:title id="0C0EAB10719895FD67D5766C47BB3EA6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="EC1A317554DFC5682B7E5F6DCBB629BA">
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<mods:date id="695817951DC66CFCFB0E5750F9003209">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="84844119AEEFC88A8F51F9C390C0FF1E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1D8DB6B7211BEC8078C2E7855E943894">4238</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="7FFAE20BF58BAB7605627E35A14B1F92" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="90AAF3FA0FD2AE02C79F9F150492A6C9">3</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="466407446ABED2894CD864EC59819E2A" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="12E377E6726D43D21251C463562834C3">395</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="265B77846BD0F6880FAF5592C67F2891">405</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="03981DF8580C66F23E40F0AFC3587930">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AF3F14B95094818A5CB75AEAB63557AB" type="CLB-Dataset">36339</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E0CC82C36EE99A47CF12FC0F2B2A5AE6" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4238.3.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="00540E1EF14F37B3E2D97864B423B554" type="GBIF-Dataset">d97b6547-0416-4107-92ac-14e0d31817ad</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="68289F4673F64027EFF015DA6B3C4604" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="55E21205C44FC8CAC6A006A0F3FEE428" type="Zenodo-Dep">345800</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="327826790AA55F2C9B970E8735B731A9" type="ZooBank">A7B98CE6-E473-47D6-83E5-A92F296ADB6E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="0393D425FF84FF97FF0684E92B0353FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052388" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127719348" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6052388" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0393D425FF84FF97FF0684E92B0353FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0393D425FF84FF97FF0684E92B0353FB" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
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<subSubSection id="C32036B8FF84FF95FF0684E9296C52A0" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B856533FF84FF95FF0684E92AEB52C1" blockId="5.[151,640,151,211]" box="[151,640,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
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<heading id="D0CDD25FFF84FF95FF0684E92AEB52C1" bold="true" box="[151,640,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FF0684E92AEB52C1" ID-CoL="5YCK6" authority="Camerano, 1895" authorityName="Camerano" authorityYear="1895" box="[151,640,151,178]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
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<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FF0684E92AEB52C1" bold="true" box="[151,640,151,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FF0684E9297252C2" bold="true" box="[151,281,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Chordodes</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FED784E929C152C2" bold="true" box="[326,426,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">moutoni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FE2384E62AEB52C1" author="Camerano" box="[434,640,152,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Camerano, L. (1895) Description d'une nouvelle espece de Gordien de la Chine. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 20, 99 - 100." type="journal article" year="1895">Camerano, 1895</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B856533FF84FF95FF0684C4296C52A0" blockId="5.[151,640,151,211]" box="[151,263,186,211]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
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(
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<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FF0F84C4289552A0" box="[158,254,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32036B8FF84FF95FF06857C2A5D53F4" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8B856533FF84FF95FF06857C2A5D53F4" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
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<materialsCitation id="3B526F6EFF84FF95FF06857C2C82534C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1438340312" collectingDate="2008-07-26" collectorName="N. E. Karraker" country="Hong Kong" county="Material" elevation="172" location="Peel Rise" municipality="Seven" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" specimenCount="1">
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<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FF06857C29EB5368" bold="true" box="[151,384,258,283]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
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<collectingCounty id="62E41DBFFF84FF95FF06857C28945368" box="[151,255,258,283]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Material</collectingCounty>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE1FF49FF84FF95FE17857D29A05368" box="[390,459,259,283]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Seven</collectingMunicipality>
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males from
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<location id="8EE533E8FF84FF95FDC6857C2AAB5368" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0393D425FF84FF97FF0684E92B0353FB:8EE533E8FF84FF95FDC6857C2AAB5368" box="[599,704,258,283]" country="Hong Kong" county="Material" municipality="Seven" name="Peel Rise" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Peel Rise</location>
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stream in
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<location id="8EE533E8FF84FF95FCA4857C2C2A5368" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0393D425FF84FF97FF0684E92B0353FB:8EE533E8FF84FF95FCA4857C2C2A5368" box="[821,1089,258,283]" country="Hong Kong" county="Material" municipality="Seven" name="Aberdeen Country Park" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Aberdeen Country Park</location>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF84FF95FBDD857D2CA45368" box="[1100,1231,259,283]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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(UTM Zone 50Q, 2464218N/206695E),
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<elevation id="00178200FF84FF95FE0485582A3F534D" box="[405,596,294,319]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" unit="m" value="172.0">
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elevation
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<quantity id="4CC2C8D6FF84FF95FD9785592A3F534D" box="[518,596,295,319]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.72" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" unit="m" value="172.0">172 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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. Collected by
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<collectorName id="26CF00E5FF84FF95FD6F85592BCB534C" box="[766,928,294,319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">N.E. Karraker</collectorName>
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on
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<collectingDate id="EFC0BA1BFF84FF95FC4085582C1B534C" box="[977,1136,294,319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" value="2008-07-26">
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<date id="FF8443F3FF84FF95FC4085582C1B534C" box="[977,1136,294,319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" value="2008-07-26">July 26, 2008</date>
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</collectingDate>
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(
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FB1385582C89534C" box="[1154,1250,294,319]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13395" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13395</accessionNumber>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<date id="FF8443F3FF84FF95FB68855828A45310" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" value="2009-11-27">November 27, 2009</date>
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(
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FF728534292A5310" box="[227,321,330,355]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13396" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13396</accessionNumber>
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, 13397) and
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<date id="FF8443F3FF84FF95FE7285342A135310" box="[483,632,330,355]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" value="2012-07-02">July 2, 2012</date>
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(
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FD1C85352A805310" box="[653,747,331,355]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13398" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13398</accessionNumber>
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-
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FD6285352B3A5310" box="[755,849,331,355]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13401" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13401</accessionNumber>
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).
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<materialsCitation id="3B526F6EFF84FF95FCF9853429A553F4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1438340319" country="Hong Kong" location="Hamburg" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hamburg">
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Deposited in the Zoological Museum
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<collectingRegion id="49FEABD1FF84FF95FABD85342DF35310" box="[1324,1432,330,355]" country="Germany" name="Hamburg" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Hamburg</collectingRegion>
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, accession numbers
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FEE0851029A553F4" box="[369,462,366,391]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13395" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13395</accessionNumber>
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</materialsCitation>
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-
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FE4785102A5953F4" box="[470,562,366,391]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13401" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13401</accessionNumber>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32036B8FF84FF95FF5685EC2BFF5640" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B856533FF84FF95FF5685EC2AC65144" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
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<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FF5685EC293253D8" bold="true" box="[199,345,402,427]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Description.</emphasis>
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The specimens measure 265, 190, 150, 185, 175, 155 and
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<quantity id="4CC2C8D6FF84FF95FC7D85ED2C2253D9" box="[1004,1097,403,427]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="180.0">180 mm</quantity>
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in length and have a diameter of 1.0, 1.0, 1.3, 1.3, 1.1, 1.1 and
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<quantity id="4CC2C8D6FF84FF95FD9385C92A3153BD" box="[514,602,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
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, respectively (
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FD6D85C82B3153BC" box="[764,858,438,463]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13395" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13395</accessionNumber>
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||
-
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FCF385C82BAB53BC" box="[866,960,438,463]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13401" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13401</accessionNumber>
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). The body color is medium to dark brown and, with exception of
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FE0785A429985380" box="[406,499,474,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13395" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13395</accessionNumber>
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, a pattern of darker patches (“leopard pattern”) is present. All specimens correspond in the following characters. Simple areoles are flat with irregular surface. Larger and more elevated areoles with fine bristles on top (
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<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FEE9865C29D25048" box="[376,441,546,571]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A–C) represent bulging areoles. Tubercle and thorn areoles are both present (
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<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FA8F865C2D355048" box="[1310,1374,546,571]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A–C, G). Clusters of crowned areoles are composed of a pair of crowned areoles with moderately long apical filaments and 10–12 circumcluster areoles that resemble bulging areoles in structure (
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<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FC7686142C4C50F0" box="[999,1063,618,643]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A–C, E, F). The apical bristles in some specimens (
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<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FECD86F029D150D4" box="[348,442,654,679]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13395" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13395</accessionNumber>
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||
,
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||
<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FE5486F12A4B50D4" box="[453,544,655,679]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13399" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13399</accessionNumber>
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) originate laterally on the more or less flat apical surface of the areole (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FAAB86F02D1050D4" box="[1338,1403,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
F), in other specimens they form an irregular tuft (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FD2486CC2A9150B8" box="[693,762,690,715]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E). It cannot be excluded that in the tuft the filaments also originate in a lateral way, but then curve into all directions and cover the apical surface of the areoles. Crowned areoles with long filaments are present flanking the ventral midline in specimens
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF84FF95FBA386842CE65160" box="[1074,1165,762,787]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13395" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="EnaNcbi">V13395</accessionNumber>
|
||
to 13398 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FA9886842D205160" box="[1289,1355,762,787]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D), but were not observed in the other three specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B856533FF84FF95FF56873C2BFF5640" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
|
||
All specimens are males. The ventral cloacal opening is about 260 µm from the posterior tip, and is surrounded by circumcloacal spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FE5787182A65510C" box="[454,526,870,895]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
H, K, L). In the region around the cloacal opening are numerous spines in distinctive distribution patterns. Spines of different lengths (maximally 12 µm) are present mainly posterior of the cloacal opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FEC887D029F651B4" box="[345,413,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="FF8443F3FF84FF95FE1E87D129F651B4" box="[399,413,943,967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">3</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I, K, L). They have a more or less blunt tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FC0B87D02BB551B4" box="[922,990,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="FF8443F3FF84FF95FC5E87D12BB551B4" box="[975,990,943,967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">3</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I). Anterolateral of the opening are two fields of approximately 100 µm in length and 65 µm in width that contain pointed spines (length about 12 µm) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130179B6FF84FF95FF0E8788288A567C" box="[159,225,1014,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Chordodes cf. moutoni. A – C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from V 13395, B, L from V 13400, C from V 13399, D, E, G – K from V 13398." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
K, L). Similar spines are present and scattered between the areoles that are present on the lateral and dorsal side of the posterior end; spines are concentrated at the posterior tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32036B8FF84FF97FF5680402B0353FB" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="402" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B856533FF84FF95FF5680402D10575C" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FF56804029505624" bold="true" box="[199,315,1086,1111]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The cuticular pattern corresponds well with the description for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FB9180402DF75624" authority="Camerano, 1895" authorityName="Camerano" authorityYear="1895" box="[1024,1436,1086,1111]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FB9180402CB65625" box="[1024,1245,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Chordodes moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FB7280412DF75624" author="Camerano" box="[1251,1436,1086,1111]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Camerano, L. (1895) Description d'une nouvelle espece de Gordien de la Chine. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 20, 99 - 100." type="journal article" year="1895">Camerano, 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or, to be more precise, it falls into the range of characters described for this species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FB14801D2D0D5609" box="[1157,1382,1123,1147]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FB14801D2D0D5609" box="[1157,1382,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Chordodes moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF84FF95FE5380F82A6356EC" box="[450,520,1158,1183]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, from a locality called “Ho Chan in the province Ngan Haei” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FB4E80F92DF356EC" author="Camerano" box="[1247,1432,1158,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Camerano, L. (1895) Description d'une nouvelle espece de Gordien de la Chine. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 20, 99 - 100." type="journal article" year="1895">Camerano 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, reinvestigation by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FEFC80D52AD556B0" author="Zanca" box="[365,702,1194,1219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Zanca, F. & De Villalobos, C. (2005) Scanning electron microscopy of Chordodes moutoni Camerano, 1895 (Gordiida, Nematomorpha). Zootaxa, 1082 (1), 37 - 44." type="journal article" year="2005">Zanca & De Villalobos 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), located as
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FEABD1FF84FF95FCC180D52C6D56B0" box="[848,1030,1194,1219]" country="China" name="Henan" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Henan Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FBA780D52DF356B0" box="[1078,1432,1194,1219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Zanca, F. & De Villalobos, C. (2005) Scanning electron microscopy of Chordodes moutoni Camerano, 1895 (Gordiida, Nematomorpha). Zootaxa, 1082 (1), 37 - 44." type="journal article">Zanca & De Villalobos (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Other specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF84FF95FE3580B0298C5694" box="[420,487,1230,1255]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FE6880B12AA65694" author="Wu" box="[505,717,1231,1255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Wu, H. W. & Tang, S. F. (1933) Notes on the Nematomorpha of China. Sinensia, 3, 173 - 178." type="journal article" year="1933">Wu & Tang 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF84FF95FD7480B02B275694" box="[741,844,1230,1255]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FCCE80B12C725694" author="Camerano" box="[863,1049,1231,1255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Camerano, L. (1899) Gordii della Malesia e del Messico. Atti delle Reale Accademia delle Science di Torino, 34, 460 - 469." type="journal article" year="1899">Camerano 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FBB880B12C085694" author="Camerano" box="[1065,1123,1231,1255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Camerano, L. (1901) Gordii raccolti della spedizione " Skeat " nella Penisola Malese 1899 - 1900. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia e Anatomia Comparata della Reale Universita di Torino, 16 (408), 1 - 2." type="journal article" year="1901">1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FBE580B028BA5778" author="Schmidt-Rhaesa" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. & Brune, S. (2008) Description of one known and three new Chordodes species (Nematomorpha) parasitizing praying mantids (Mantoptera) in Malaysia, with a discussion of sexual dimorphism in Chordodes. Zoosystematics and Evolution, 84, 57 - 66." type="journal article" year="2008">Schmidt-Rhaesa & Brune 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF84FF95FE89808C293A5778" box="[280,337,1266,1291]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FEF4808C2AB35778" author="Schmidt-Rhaesa" box="[357,728,1266,1291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. & Yadav, A. (2013) One new species and a new record of the genus Chordodes (Nematomorpha: Gordiida) from North-East India. Zootaxa, 3693 (2), 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="2013">Schmidt-Rhaesa & Yadav 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FD79808C2C465778" author="Schmidt-Rhaesa" box="[744,1069,1266,1291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Schmidt-Rhaesa, A., LimaTemjen & Yadav, A. K. (2015) Chordodes combiareolatus, a new species of horsehair worms (Nematomorpha) from Nagaland, India, with further comments on Chordodes moutoni. Zootaxa, 3925 (2), 202 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3925.2.3" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Schmidt-Rhaesa
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FC3A808D2B835778" box="[939,1000,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) were assigned to this species. Specimens assigned as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FE0C81692A56575D" box="[413,573,1302,1327]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FE0C816929DB575D" box="[413,432,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">C</emphasis>
|
||
. cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FE7081692A56575D" box="[481,573,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were described from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF84FF95FCCB81682BB3575C" box="[858,984,1302,1327]" name="Philippines" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FC7681682D04575C" author="Schmidt-Rhaesa" box="[999,1391,1302,1327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. & Schwarz, C. J. (2016) Nematomorpha from the Philippines, with description of two new species. Zootaxa, 4158 (2), 246 - 260." type="journal article" year="2016">Schmidt-Rhaesa & Schwarz, 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B856533FF84FF95FF5681452A7E54AA" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
|
||
Most characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FE3B81452A415721" box="[426,554,1339,1362]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FE3B81452A415721" box="[426,554,1339,1362]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">C. moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are broadly present among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FCE681452B9A5720" box="[887,1009,1339,1363]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FCE681452B9A5720" box="[887,1009,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Chordodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. Tubercle and thorn areoles, crowned areoles and circumcluster areoles in the described form are observed in several species (Schmidt-Rhaesa
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FF0681FC28B957EA" box="[151,210,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008). One particularly notable character for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FD7A81FC2B0157EA" box="[747,874,1410,1433]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FD7A81FC2B0157EA" box="[747,874,1410,1433]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">C. moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is probably the presence of variable shapes and forms in the simple areoles. Generally, these can be divided into two
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481DB91FF84FF95FC0681D82BBE57CD" box="[919,981,1446,1470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, a lower one (simple areoles) and a more elevated one with bristles on top (bulging areoles). There may be transitions between these two
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481DB91FF84FF95FAB381B72D0A5792" box="[1314,1377,1481,1505]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">types</typeStatus>
|
||
. The reinvestigation of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481DB91FF84FF95FE1E819329D45476" box="[399,447,1517,1541]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FDA281922B165476" author="Zanca" box="[563,893,1516,1541]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Zanca, F. & De Villalobos, C. (2005) Scanning electron microscopy of Chordodes moutoni Camerano, 1895 (Gordiida, Nematomorpha). Zootaxa, 1082 (1), 37 - 44." type="journal article" year="2005">Zanca & De Villalobos 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) shows quite flat areoles, while the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF84FF95FA8981932DF75476" box="[1304,1436,1517,1541]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens resemble more the drawing of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481DB91FF84FF95FD29826E2A83545B" box="[696,744,1552,1576]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FCF5826E2C49545B" author="Camerano" box="[868,1058,1552,1576]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Camerano, L. (1897) Monografia dei Gordii. Memoire della Reale Accademia delle Science di Torino, 47, 339 - 415." type="journal article" year="1897">Camerano 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The specimens assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FA13826E28985438" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FA13826E28985438" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">C. moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF84FF95FEA7824D29F6543F" box="[310,413,1587,1612]" name="Malaysia" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Cameron Highlands,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FD0B824D2B915438" author="Schmidt-Rhaesa" box="[666,1018,1587,1612]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. & Brune, S. (2008) Description of one known and three new Chordodes species (Nematomorpha) parasitizing praying mantids (Mantoptera) in Malaysia, with a discussion of sexual dimorphism in Chordodes. Zoosystematics and Evolution, 84, 57 - 66." type="journal article" year="2008">Schmidt-Rhaesa & Brune 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) do show uniform simple areoles and no bulging areoles, therefore the placement in this species might be not correct.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FB8E82282C96541D" box="[1055,1277,1622,1646]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FB8E82282C96541D" box="[1055,1277,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Chordodes moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems to be a species without very prominent and unique characters, which makes it possible that it serves as a collection of several species with equally less prominent characters. Barcoding would help greatly in getting a better picture of species boundaries in this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B856533FF84FF95FF56829B2C7E55A1" blockId="5.[151,1437,258,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">
|
||
One peculiar character is the presence of crowned areoles with very long apical filaments on the ventral side of some of the males investigated here. Such areoles are present in females of many species, but only in males of very few species (Schmidt-Rhaesa
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FE7683522A745530" box="[487,543,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF84FF95FD0583552B7B5530" box="[660,784,1835,1859]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FD0583552B7B5530" box="[660,784,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">C. moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
these areoles have been reported so far only from females (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FF0F8331293D5514" author="Camerano" box="[158,342,1870,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Camerano, L. (1895) Description d'une nouvelle espece de Gordien de la Chine. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 20, 99 - 100." type="journal article" year="1895">Camerano 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FEF383312AC05514" author="Zanca" box="[354,683,1870,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Zanca, F. & De Villalobos, C. (2005) Scanning electron microscopy of Chordodes moutoni Camerano, 1895 (Gordiida, Nematomorpha). Zootaxa, 1082 (1), 37 - 44." type="journal article" year="2005">Zanca & De Villalobos 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FD2683302C755514" author="Schmidt-Rhaesa" box="[695,1054,1870,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Schmidt-Rhaesa, A. & Yadav, A. (2013) One new species and a new record of the genus Chordodes (Nematomorpha: Gordiida) from North-East India. Zootaxa, 3693 (2), 293 - 300." type="journal article" year="2013">Schmidt-Rhaesa & Yadav 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF84FF95FBBB83302D0F5514" author="Schmidt-Rhaesa" box="[1066,1380,1870,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400" refString="Schmidt-Rhaesa, A., LimaTemjen & Yadav, A. K. (2015) Chordodes combiareolatus, a new species of horsehair worms (Nematomorpha) from Nagaland, India, with further comments on Chordodes moutoni. Zootaxa, 3925 (2), 202 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3925.2.3" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Schmidt-Rhaesa
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF84FF95FB7883312D485515" box="[1257,1315,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and their occurrence in some of the males may be an indication that the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF84FF95FC36830D2C4755F8" box="[935,1068,1907,1931]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens belong to a different species. However, as the standard technique some time ago used to be to cut a random piece of cuticle, certain
|
||
<typeStatus id="5481DB91FF84FF95FF0683C428B955A1" box="[151,210,1978,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="400">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of areoles with particular distribution patterns may have been overlooked.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4535BBFF87FF96FF0682B32B0555E8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/345803/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" targetBox="[182,1408,221,1676]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B856533FF87FF96FF0682B32B0555E8" blockId="6.[151,1437,1741,1947]" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF87FF96FF0682B329785491" bold="true" box="[151,275,1741,1763]" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF87FF96FE8B82B32A685490" box="[282,515,1741,1763]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF87FF96FE8B82B329E35490" box="[282,392,1741,1763]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">Chordodes</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF87FF96FE2182B02A685490" box="[432,515,1742,1763]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="401">moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A–C. Cuticular structure in three specimens showing crowned areole clusters (ccl), thorn areoles (thar) and tubercle areoles (tuar) among simple areoles. D. Crowned areoles with very long apical filaments, arrows point at thorn areoles. E. Crowned areoles with apical filaments as a tuft (crar = crowned areoles, ccar = circumcluster areoles). F. Crowned areoles with apical filaments originating laterally. G. Thorn and tubercle areole in magnification. H. Cloacal opening (co) surrounded by circumcloacal spines. I. Blunt spines from the region posterior of the cloacal opening. K, L. Ventral view on male posterior ends showing position of the cloacal opening (co) and the anterolateral bristlefields (bf). A, F from
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF87FF96FF0683FB288055E8" box="[151,235,1925,1947]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13395" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" type="EnaNcbi">V13395</accessionNumber>
|
||
, B, L from
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF87FF96FEF183FB29DF55E8" box="[352,436,1925,1947]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13400" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" type="EnaNcbi">V13400</accessionNumber>
|
||
, C from
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF87FF96FD9C83FB2A0A55E8" box="[525,609,1925,1947]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13399" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" type="EnaNcbi">V13399</accessionNumber>
|
||
, D, E, G–K from
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9469F8D0FF87FF96FC8483FB2B0155E8" box="[789,874,1925,1947]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V13398" pageId="6" pageNumber="401" type="EnaNcbi">V13398</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B856533FF86FF97FF5684E92B0353FB" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">
|
||
The description of posterior ends in males (and also in females) in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF86FF97FBB584E62CF552C3" box="[1060,1182,152,176]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF86FF97FBB584E62CF552C3" box="[1060,1182,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Chordodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
often does not receive as much attention as the description of the cuticular structure. This may be because the general patterns of the distribution of spines look quite similar. In most species, there is a circle of spines around the cloacal opening (circumcloacal spines). Short spines are present in the ventral region around the cloacal opening and spines are present in paired fields or rows anterolateral of the cloacal opening. Concerning
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3A1EB0FF86FF97FB8885562CFD534C" box="[1049,1174,296,319]" class="Gordioida" family="Chordodidae" genus="Chordodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gordioidea" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" phylum="Nematomorpha" rank="species" species="moutoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94EB921FF86FF97FB8885562CFD534C" box="[1049,1174,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">C. moutoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there is one difference as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAB18C2FF86FF97FF2985332A7D5316" box="[184,534,332,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" refString="Zanca, F. & De Villalobos, C. (2005) Scanning electron microscopy of Chordodes moutoni Camerano, 1895 (Gordiida, Nematomorpha). Zootaxa, 1082 (1), 37 - 44." type="journal article">Zanca & De Villalobos (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
describe anterolateral rows of bristles (measurements approximately 185
|
||
<date id="FF8443F3FF86FF97FAF885332DF75316" box="[1385,1436,332,357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="402" value="1926-10">x 26</date>
|
||
µm), while in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32D25A3FF86FF97FECE850E298853FB" box="[351,483,368,392]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="7" pageNumber="402">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimens oval fields were found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |