252 lines
34 KiB
XML
252 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="8768618C291591E1E7367DEF83485B8F" ID-DOI="10.2478/if-2018-0004" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4586447" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1614969704831" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Manchester, Steven R., Pigg, Kathleen B. & Devore, Melanie L." docDate="2018" docId="03992602C431FF9FFF39A72F0B396FE7" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.74.1-2.45-54.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 74 (1 - 2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Trochodendron postnastae Manchester & Pigg & Devore 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FFA05E7AC434FF9AFFD0A57A0E7C6948" masterDocTitle="Trochodendraceous Fruits And Foliage In The Miocene Of Western North America" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1698881423441" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="452CBA7A8FAAF90937A33379D8FD5553">Trochodendraceous Fruits And Foliage In The Miocene Of Western North America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5F2B47C0748F63292A18D464F78F1C59">Manchester, Steven R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DBFEB890C32C76D89E0481C99455C55B">Florida Museum of Natural History, Dickinson Hall, 1659 Museum Road, Gainesville, Florida 32611 - 7800, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8778992A52452A72C06AA0420F5C4623">Pigg, Kathleen B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="31E8E80E2FE4D3AC43B3BD7D06220FB7">School of Life Sciences and Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center (BioKIC), PO Box 874501, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287 - 4501, USA; e-mail: kpigg @ asu. edu.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="96A0F8AEB4D9E7F10EB8FDCBA10A4B9B" type="email">kpigg@asu.edu.</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="23A80CA911207E344916AA27465218D4">Devore, Melanie L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3C8BF3109192E111119899F2A9A4C215">Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Georgia College and State University, Milledgeville, GA 31061, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="FDC095809ED5091F8F72C743C04EFA76">2018</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C32AC49FC431FF9FFF39A72F0C166B26" box="[233,618,597,622]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFF39A72F0C166B26" blockId="5.[233,618,597,622]" box="[233,618,597,622]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
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<heading id="D0C72078C431FF9FFF39A72F0C166B26" box="[233,618,597,622]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFF39A72F0C166B26" bold="true" box="[233,618,597,622]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
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<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFF39A72F0C726B25" authority="Manchester & Pigg & Devore, 2018" authorityName="Manchester & Pigg & Devore" authorityYear="2018" box="[233,526,597,621]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="postnastae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFF39A72F0C726B25" bold="true" box="[233,526,597,621]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron postnastae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A277F67DC431FF9FFDC4A72C0C166B26" box="[532,618,598,622]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32AC49FC431FF9FFE99A70C0B396FE7" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFE99A70C0C756BC6" blockId="5.[329,521,630,654]" box="[329,521,630,654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
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<figureCitation id="130B8B91C431FF9FFE99A70C0FCB6BC6" box="[329,439,630,654]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="6.[167,248,1960,1981]" captionTargetBox="[167,1444,151,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[622,1079,898,1272]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Leaves of Trochodendraceae. a–f) Trochodendron postnastae from Moose Mountain flora, Oregon, hypothesized to be produced by the same species as fruits of T. rosayi. a) Leaf showing thick peduncle, basally acrodromous venation, holotype UCMP 201235. b) Narrow leaf with intact apex, UF 18110-70160. c) UF 18110-70156. d) UCMP 201237. e) UF 18110-70158. f) UF 18110-70157. g, k) Extant Trochodendron aralioides. h) Possible trochodendraceous leaf with simple pinnate venation, UCMP 201236. i, j) Details of margin and venation of T. postnastae enlarged from (b), (f). Scale bars calibrated in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4586457" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4586457/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Text-fig. 4</figureCitation>
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a–f, h–j
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFF40A7DF0C1A6BF5" blockId="5.[144,614,677,701]" box="[144,614,677,701]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
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H o l o t y p e. UCMP 201235 (
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<figureCitation id="130B8B91C431FF9FFE0AA7DF0C256BF5" box="[474,601,677,701]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="6.[167,248,1960,1981]" captionTargetBox="[167,1444,151,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[622,1079,898,1272]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Leaves of Trochodendraceae. a–f) Trochodendron postnastae from Moose Mountain flora, Oregon, hypothesized to be produced by the same species as fruits of T. rosayi. a) Leaf showing thick peduncle, basally acrodromous venation, holotype UCMP 201235. b) Narrow leaf with intact apex, UF 18110-70160. c) UF 18110-70156. d) UCMP 201237. e) UF 18110-70158. f) UF 18110-70157. g, k) Extant Trochodendron aralioides. h) Possible trochodendraceous leaf with simple pinnate venation, UCMP 201236. i, j) Details of margin and venation of T. postnastae enlarged from (b), (f). Scale bars calibrated in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4586457" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4586457/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Text-fig. 4a</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFF40A7AE0C936BA3" blockId="5.[106,751,724,780]" box="[144,751,724,748]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">P l a n t F o s s i l N a m e s R e g i s t r y N u m b e r.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFFBAA78E0FCC6A44" blockId="5.[106,751,724,780]" box="[106,432,756,780]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">PFN000103 (for new species).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFF40A65E0F336AD3" blockId="5.[106,745,803,923]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
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E t y m o l o g y. This species is named in reference to the geologically older species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFE40A6390CFE6A13" box="[400,642,835,859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nastae">
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<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFE40A6390CFE6A13" box="[400,642,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron nastae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which it resembles except in having basally acrodromous rather than actinodromous veins.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFF40A6C90C956A82" blockId="5.[106,745,946,1002]" box="[144,745,946,971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T y p e l o c a l i t y. Moose Mountain flora near</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFFBAA6A80F0D6AA2" blockId="5.[106,745,946,1002]" box="[106,369,978,1002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
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Cascadia,
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<collectingRegion id="49F459F6C431FF9FFF07A6A80F566AA2" box="[215,298,978,1002]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Oregon</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F327D784C431FF9FFEE5A6A80F126AA2" box="[309,366,978,1002]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFF40A1780C946D51" blockId="5.[106,744,1025,1081]" box="[144,744,1025,1050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T y p e h o r i z o n a n d a g e. Little Butte Volcanics</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFFBAA15B0F126D71" blockId="5.[106,744,1025,1081]" box="[106,366,1057,1081]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Series, middle Miocene.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFF40A12B0F646F00" blockId="5.[106,745,1104,1608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">D i a g n o s i s. Leaves with stout petioles and elliptical laminae, with length/width ratio 1.9 to 2.7:1. Base of lamina acute to almost right-angle and apex acute. Margin finely serrate in apical 2/3 of lamina, entire with a fimbrial vein in the lower 1/3. Venation pinnate with moderately thick midvein; basally acrodromous with a pair of strongly ascendant basal secondary veins plus 3 to 5 additional pairs of secondaries arising in the upper 2/3 of the lamina. Secondaries arising at narrow angles from midvein, slightly curved, craspedodromous. Occasional agrophic/pectinal veins arising from the basal secondary veins. Intersecondary veins common. Tertiary and quaternary veins forming a quadrangular to polygonal mesh and with areoles having branched freely ending veinlets. Teeth simple, rounded to acute, glandular, principal vein entering upper side of tooth. Sinuses angular.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFF40A31A0C7C6FB0" blockId="5.[106,745,1632,1784]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
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D i m e n s i o n s. Petioles
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<quantity id="4CC83AF1C431FF9FFE60A31A0C4E6F3F" box="[432,562,1632,1656]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.3 mm</quantity>
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thick,
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<quantity id="4CC83AF1C431FF9FFDAFA31A0CB76F3F" box="[639,715,1632,1656]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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to more than
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<quantity id="4CC83AF1C431FF9FFF34A3050F4E6FDF" box="[228,306,1663,1687]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
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long. Laminae 7.0–
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<quantity id="4CC83AF1C431FF9FFDC6A3FA0C136FDF" box="[534,623,1664,1688]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="10.2">10.2 cm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="4CC83AF1C431FF9FFD6AA3050ECA6FFF" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" unit="cm" value="3.95" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="2.6">2.6– 5.3 cm</quantity>
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wide, length/width ratio 1.9 to 2.7:1 with acute to almost right-angle base and acute apex. Secondaries arising at angles of 15–25° from the midvein.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFF40A2750AE96807" blockId="5.[106,747,1807,2087]" lastBlockId="5.[820,1461,151,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
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R e m a r k s. These leaves resemble those of
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<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFD05A2750ECC6E0E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nastae">
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<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFD05A2750ECC6E0E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T. nastae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Republic but this new species has a pinnate acrodromous rather than actinodromous pattern. In other words, this species has only three strong veins radiating from near the base – the midvein and a pair of strong basal secondaries (
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<figureCitation id="130B8B91C431FF9FFF2AA2D50F0E6E8F" box="[250,370,1967,1991]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="6.[167,248,1960,1981]" captionTargetBox="[167,1444,151,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[622,1079,898,1272]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Leaves of Trochodendraceae. a–f) Trochodendron postnastae from Moose Mountain flora, Oregon, hypothesized to be produced by the same species as fruits of T. rosayi. a) Leaf showing thick peduncle, basally acrodromous venation, holotype UCMP 201235. b) Narrow leaf with intact apex, UF 18110-70160. c) UF 18110-70156. d) UCMP 201237. e) UF 18110-70158. f) UF 18110-70157. g, k) Extant Trochodendron aralioides. h) Possible trochodendraceous leaf with simple pinnate venation, UCMP 201236. i, j) Details of margin and venation of T. postnastae enlarged from (b), (f). Scale bars calibrated in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4586457" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4586457/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Text-fig. 4</figureCitation>
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a–e), whereas in
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<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFDE9A2D50CDC6E8E" box="[569,672,1967,1990]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nastae">
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<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFDE9A2D50CDC6E8E" box="[569,672,1967,1990]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T. nastae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, three to five veins radiate from the base of the lamina giving an actinodromous/palmate aspect (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA1EAE5C431FF9FFE16A2950CFF614F" author="Pigg, K. B. & Wehr, W. C. & Ickert-Bond, S. M." box="[454,643,2031,2055]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="1187 - 1198" refId="ref7644" refString="Pigg, K. B., Wehr, W. C., Ickert-Bond, S. M. (2001): Trochodendron and Nordenskioldia (Trochodendraceae) from the middle Eocene of Washington State, USA. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162: 1187 - 1198. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 321927" type="journal article" year="2001">Pigg et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
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||
: fig. 2A, 2B). Extant
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<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFF24AD750C72616F" box="[244,526,2063,2087]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aralioides">
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<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFF24AD750C72616F" box="[244,526,2063,2087]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron aralioides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is characterized by rather coriaceous, evergreen leaves of variable morphology with long petioles, pinnate venation and a slightly crenulate margin with glandular teeth (
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Text-fig.
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, k
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;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1EAE5C431FF9FFADAA5AD0D116847" author="Bailey, I. W. & Nast, C. G." pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="143 - 154" refId="ref6084" refString="Bailey, I. W., Nast, C. G. (1945): Morphology and relationships of Trochodendron and Tetracentron. Stem, root and leaf. - Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 26: 143 - 154." type="journal article" year="1945">Bailey and Nast 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Previously described Miocene leaves known from Kamchatka (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFC6DA4620A446867" box="[957,1080,280,303]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="evenense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFC6DA4620DB06867" box="[957,972,280,303]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFC08A4620A446867" box="[984,1080,280,303]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">evenense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1EAE5C431FF9FFB8BA46D0BD06878" author="Chelebaeva, A. L. & Chigaeva, G. B." box="[1115,1452,279,304]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="315 - 318" refId="ref6128" refString="Chelebaeva, A. L., Chigaeva, G. B. (1988): [The genus Trochodendron (Trochodendraceae) in the Miocene of Kamchatka]. - Botanicheskiy Zhurnal, 73: 315 - 318. (in Russian with English summary)" type="journal article" year="1988">Chelebaeva and Chigaeva 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are quite similar to extant leaves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFC8AA42D0AA66A87" blockId="5.[820,1461,151,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Although we cannot prove it, we deduce that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFA4FA4220DDA68C7" authorityName="Manchester & Pigg & Devore" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="postnastae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFA4FA4220DDA68C7" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T. postnastae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaves were likely borne on the plant which produced the infructescences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFB5CA4ED0B0B68E7" authorityName="Manchester & Pigg & Devore" authorityYear="2018" box="[1164,1399,407,431]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rosayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFB5CA4ED0B0B68E7" box="[1164,1399,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron rosayi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This builds on a similar hypothesis that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFB12A4C20B5B6887" box="[1218,1319,440,463]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nastae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFB12A4C20B5B6887" box="[1218,1319,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T. nastae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaves were produced by the same trees that yielded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFADFA4AD0DE66B47" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="drachukii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFADFA4AD0DE66B47" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron drachukii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
infructescences of the McAbee flora (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1EAE5C431FF9FFA91A48D0D126B78" author="Pigg, K. B. & Dillhoff, R. M. & DeVore, M. L. & Wehr, W. C." pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref7514" refString="Pigg, K. B., Dillhoff, R. M., DeVore, M. L., Wehr, W. C. (2007): New diversity among the Trochodendraceae from the early / middle Eocene Okanogan Highlands of British Columbia, Canada, and northeastern Washington State, United States. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 168: 521 - 532. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 512104" type="journal article" year="2007">Pigg et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In both instances the leaves differ from those of extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFCE4A74D0DAB6B07" box="[820,983,567,591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFCE4A74D0DAB6B07" box="[820,983,567,591]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has no tendency for actinodromous primaries or strong basal secondaries, but it is easy to imagine a transformational series from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFB41A7020A8B6BC7" box="[1169,1271,632,655]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nastae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFB41A7020A8B6BC7" box="[1169,1271,632,655]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T. nastae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(actinodromous) through
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFC44A7E20A5A6BE7" authorityName="Manchester & Pigg & Devore" authorityYear="2018" box="[916,1062,664,687]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="postnastae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFC44A7E20A5A6BE7" box="[916,1062,664,687]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T. postnastae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(pinnate, basally acrodromous), to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFCE4A7C20DC06B87" box="[820,956,695,719]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aralioides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFCE4A7C20DC06B87" box="[820,956,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T. aralioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(simple pinnate). Aside from the difference in pattern of primary and basal secondary veins, the leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFCE4A7820DB96A47" authorityName="Manchester & Pigg & Devore" authorityYear="2018" box="[820,965,760,783]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="postnastae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFCE4A7820DB96A47" box="[820,965,760,783]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T. postnastae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appear identical in architecture to the other fossil and modern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFBD6A66D0AD56A67" box="[1030,1193,791,815]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFBD6A66D0AD56A67" box="[1030,1193,791,815]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaves, as do leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFCE4A6420A216A18" authority="(Pigg et al. 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Pigg" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[820,1117,823,848]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nastae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFCE4A6420DEA6A07" box="[820,918,824,847]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">T. nastae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1EAE5C431FF9FFC74A64D0A2A6A18" author="Pigg, K. B. & Wehr, W. C. & Ickert-Bond, S. M." box="[932,1110,823,848]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="1187 - 1198" refId="ref7644" refString="Pigg, K. B., Wehr, W. C., Ickert-Bond, S. M. (2001): Trochodendron and Nordenskioldia (Trochodendraceae) from the middle Eocene of Washington State, USA. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162: 1187 - 1198. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 321927" type="journal article" year="2001">Pigg et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As yet, we have not confirmed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFCE4A62D0DAB6A27" box="[820,983,855,879]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFCE4A62D0DAB6A27" box="[820,983,855,879]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
foliage from the Emerald Creek and Sucker Creek localities. It would be nice to know whether they bore secondary veins in a normal pinnate manner or with an acrodromous or actinodromous pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFC8AA6AD0DA86C27" blockId="5.[820,1461,151,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
The observation that some geologically older
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFCE4A68D0DAB6D47" box="[820,983,1015,1039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFCE4A68D0DAB6D47" box="[820,983,1015,1039]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaves have more palmate, rather than pinnate venation, is consistent with this being a plesiomorphic feature within the clade that also includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFB25A1420B016D07" box="[1269,1405,1080,1103]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Tetracentron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFB25A1420B016D07" box="[1269,1405,1080,1103]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Tetracentron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with exclusively actinodromous venation.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFB0AA1220B1E6D27" box="[1242,1378,1112,1135]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Tetracentron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFB0AA1220B1E6D27" box="[1242,1378,1112,1135]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Tetracentron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
leaves are readily distinguished, in other characters; the leaves are deciduous and typically with a prominent cordate base and closely and evenly-spaced, distinctive “chloranthoid” teeth (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1EAE5C431FF9FFC00A1AD0A8E6DA7" author="Hickey, L. J. & Wolfe, J. A." box="[976,1266,1239,1263]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="538 - 589" refId="ref6855" refString="Hickey, L. J., Wolfe, J. A. (1975): The bases of angiosperm phylogeny: vegetative morphology. - Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 62 (3): 538 - 589. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2395267" type="journal article" year="1975">Hickey and Wolfe 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This proposed transition from actinodromous to pinnate venation is complicated, however, by the occurrence of both pinnate, and actinodromous trochodendraceous leaves in the Eocene Republic flora.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F9714C431FF9FFC8AA0020B396FE7" blockId="5.[820,1461,151,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">
|
||
A single rather poorly preserved
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFB66A00D0B2A6CC7" box="[1206,1366,1399,1423]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFB66A00D0B2A6CC7" box="[1206,1366,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
like leaf with a midvein and pinnate venation was found in the Moose Mountain assemblage (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B8B91C431FF9FFBF2A0CD0AE36C87" box="[1058,1183,1463,1487]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="6.[167,248,1960,1981]" captionTargetBox="[167,1444,151,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[622,1079,898,1272]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Text-fig. 4. Leaves of Trochodendraceae. a–f) Trochodendron postnastae from Moose Mountain flora, Oregon, hypothesized to be produced by the same species as fruits of T. rosayi. a) Leaf showing thick peduncle, basally acrodromous venation, holotype UCMP 201235. b) Narrow leaf with intact apex, UF 18110-70160. c) UF 18110-70156. d) UCMP 201237. e) UF 18110-70158. f) UF 18110-70157. g, k) Extant Trochodendron aralioides. h) Possible trochodendraceous leaf with simple pinnate venation, UCMP 201236. i, j) Details of margin and venation of T. postnastae enlarged from (b), (f). Scale bars calibrated in mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4586457" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4586457/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Text-fig. 4h</figureCitation>
|
||
). This is the kind of leaf we expect to associate with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFBFCA0AD0ABD6CA7" authorityName="Manchester & Pigg & Devore" authorityYear="2018" box="[1068,1217,1495,1519]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Concavistylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFBFCA0AD0ABD6CA7" box="[1068,1217,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Concavistylon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the physical attachment of such leaves on a twig bearing fruits of this genus from Republic,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F459F6C431FF9FFBCAA36D0AEA6F67" box="[1050,1174,1559,1583]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Washington</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Manchester et al. in press; work in progress). This leaf
|
||
<typeStatus id="548B29B6C431FF9FFB85A3420AFE6F18" box="[1109,1154,1592,1616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
|
||
is also known from McAbee, where it was initially identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFB4BA32D0B476F27" box="[1179,1339,1623,1647]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFB4BA32D0B476F27" box="[1179,1339,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA1EAE5C431FF9FFA98A32D0D106FD8" author="Pigg, K. B. & Dillhoff, R. M. & DeVore, M. L. & Wehr, W. C." pageId="5" pageNumber="50" pagination="521 - 532" refId="ref7514" refString="Pigg, K. B., Dillhoff, R. M., DeVore, M. L., Wehr, W. C. (2007): New diversity among the Trochodendraceae from the early / middle Eocene Okanogan Highlands of British Columbia, Canada, and northeastern Washington State, United States. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 168: 521 - 532. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 512104" type="journal article" year="2007">Pigg et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 7A–F); infructescences of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFAC3A30D0DE46FE7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Trochodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="drachukii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFAC3A30D0DE46FE7" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Trochodendron drachukii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C30EC97C431FF9FFC1AA3ED0A236FE7" authorityName="Manchester & Pigg & Devore" authorityYear="2018" box="[970,1119,1687,1711]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Trochodendraceae" genus="Concavistylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Trochodendrales" pageId="5" pageNumber="50" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9444B06C431FF9FFC1AA3ED0A236FE7" box="[970,1119,1687,1711]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="50">Concavistylon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. occur at McAbee.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |