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<mods:title id="2DA5B0FE60E36C8BBFD639FA4635C806">A catalogue, revision, and regional perspective of Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental oak gall wasps and their inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini, Synergini, Ceroptresini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4E6473B2124578639E442A81B63C44C6">MAN-MIAO YANG</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="94B62EB0802A820ABCADDC52423E1342">JAMES A. NICHOLLS</mods:namePart>
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<mods:number id="E61DF572B18FFF799864AA3A9F16E0AF">2022-07-04</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFD6707449E7FE2FFD96FE14" authority="Kovalev, 1965" authorityName="Kovalev" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,548,402,429]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ussuraspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nervosa">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFD6707449E7FE2FFEC4FE15" bold="true" box="[151,374,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ussuraspis nervosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFD67074480DFE2FFD96FE14" author="Kovalev, O. V." box="[381,548,402,429]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref45839" refString="Kovalev, O. V. (1965) Gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) from the south of the Soviet Far East. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 44 (1 / 2), 46 - 73. [in Russian; English translation in Entomology Review, 44, 25 - 38]" type="journal article" year="1965">Kovalev, 1965</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="C5569E48FFD6707449E7FE08FD90FE73" author="Kovalev, O. V." box="[151,546,435,459]" page="29" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="1965">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFD6707449E7FE08FEECFE73" box="[151,350,436,459]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ussuraspis nervosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFD670744815FE0FFD90FE73" author="Kovalev, O. V." box="[357,546,435,459]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref45839" refString="Kovalev, O. V. (1965) Gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) from the south of the Soviet Far East. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 44 (1 / 2), 46 - 73. [in Russian; English translation in Entomology Review, 44, 25 - 38]" type="journal article" year="1965">Kovalev, 1965: 29</bibRefCitation>
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; Melika (2012: 146), ǒ.
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<treatmentCitation id="C5569E48FFD6707449E7FE6EFCF8FE52" author="Melika, G. &amp; Abrahamson, W. G." box="[151,842,466,490]" page=")" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2002">
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFD6707449E7FE6EFCF8FE52" authority="(Kovalev) Melika &amp; Abrahamson (2002: 183)" authorityName="Melika &amp; Abrahamson" authorityPageNumber="183" authorityYear="2002" baseAuthorityName="Kovalev" box="[151,842,466,490]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Trigonaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nervosus">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFD6707449E7FE6EFEDDFE52" box="[151,367,466,490]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Trigonaspis nervosus</emphasis>
(Kovalev)
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFD670744893FE6EFCF8FE52" author="Melika, G. &amp; Abrahamson, W. G." box="[483,842,466,490]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="150 - 190" refId="ref47433" refString="Melika, G. &amp; Abrahamson, W. G. (2002) Review of the world genera of oak cynipid wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). In: Melika, G. &amp; Thuroczy, C. (Eds.), Parasitic Wasps: Evolution, Systematics, Biodiversity and Biological Control. Agroinform, Budapest, pp. 150 - 190." type="book chapter" year="2002">Melika &amp; Abrahamson (2002: 183)</bibRefCitation>
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, ǒ
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[
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFD670744A00FE6EFC53FE51" box="[880,993,466,489]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ussuraspis</emphasis>
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was re-established by Melika (2012)].
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFD6707449E7FDA4FE83FD8A" bold="true" box="[151,305,536,562]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</emphasis>
Russian Far East (
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) (
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFD670744BB8FDA4FC24FD8A" author="Kovalev, O. V." box="[712,918,536,563]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref45839" refString="Kovalev, O. V. (1965) Gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) from the south of the Soviet Far East. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 44 (1 / 2), 46 - 73. [in Russian; English translation in Entomology Review, 44, 25 - 38]" type="journal article" year="1965">Kovalev 1965: 29</bibRefCitation>
).
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<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFD6707449B7FD80FC5AFD5E" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="biology_ecology">
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFD6707449B7FD80FE95FDEE" bold="true" box="[199,295,572,598]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Biology.</emphasis>
Only the asexual generation has been described, which induces leaf galls on
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFD670744D0BFD80FAA0FDEE" box="[1147,1298,572,598]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mongolica">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFD670744D0BFD80FAA0FDEE" box="[1147,1298,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Q. mongolica</emphasis>
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(sect.
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFD670744C2AFD80FF0EFDC2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFD670744C2AFD80FF0EFDC2" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Quercus</emphasis>
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) (
<tableCitation id="09758DE2FFD6707449A4FDDCFE98FDC2" box="[212,298,608,634]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,244,402,428]" captionTargetBox="[127,1460,624,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-213@5.[151,1436,630,1763]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1. Oak gall wasp species (Cynipini) (rows), their host plant associations and the gall location (columns). Sexual (s) and asexual (a) generations are indicated whenever known; a(p) = strictly parthenogenetic. For gall location abbreviations: A = acorn; B = buds; C = catkins; L = leaves (1: integral, 2: detachable on underside of leaf, 3: detachable on upper and underside, 4: detachable on upper side only); P = petiole (1: integral, 2: detachable); R = roots; T = twigs (1: integral, 2: detachable, 3: shoots or integral within very young leaves); * = strongly petiolated; ** = dehiscent; ? = unknown." pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Table 1</tableCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFD670744848FDDCFE68FDC3" author="Kovalev, O. V." box="[312,474,608,635]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref45839" refString="Kovalev, O. V. (1965) Gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) from the south of the Soviet Far East. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 44 (1 / 2), 46 - 73. [in Russian; English translation in Entomology Review, 44, 25 - 38]" type="journal article" year="1965">Kovalev 1965</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="7683644BFFD6707449E7FD70FC5AFD5E" bold="true" box="[151,1000,716,742]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
Tribe
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFD670744992FD70FDFFFD5E" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[226,589,716,742]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Synergini">SYNERGINI Ashmead, 1896</taxonomicName>
(Inquilines, rarely gall inducers)
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</treatment>
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