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<document id="0851424547931E60C694F07A24FD7271" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5161.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6793652" ID-ZooBank="20804225-E0CE-420A-B960-4831EE3A1E01" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1656928168625" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Al, Irene Lobato-Vila Et" docDate="2022" docId="CC5E094FFFD1707C49E7F822FB2DFE68" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5161.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5161 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5161.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Synergus chinensis Melika, Acs &amp; Bechtold 2004" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="30677137FFF670544970FFBCFFB2FFB8" masterDocTitle="A catalogue, revision, and regional perspective of Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental oak gall wasps and their inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini, Synergini, Ceroptresini)" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1699343335296" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5162ED4EB057A08B81D7F205F6880C10">A catalogue, revision, and regional perspective of Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental oak gall wasps and their inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini, Synergini, Ceroptresini)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="4448B859FFD1707349E7F822FD52F800" blockId="39.[151,974,1949,2009]" box="[151,736,1949,1978]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="1F000F35FFD1707349E7F822FD52F800" bold="true" box="[151,736,1949,1978]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFD1707349E7F822FD52F800" authority="Melika, Acs &amp; Bechtold, 2004" authorityName="Melika, Acs &amp; Bechtold" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,736,1949,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFD1707349E7F822FD52F800" bold="true" box="[151,736,1949,1978]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFD1707349E7F822FEC5F800" bold="true" box="[151,375,1949,1976]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Synergus chinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFD17073480DF821FD52F800" author="Melika, G. &amp; Acs, Z. &amp; Bechtold, M." box="[381,736,1949,1978]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="319 - 336" refId="ref47565" refString="Melika, G., Acs, Z. &amp; Bechtold, M. (2004) New species of cynipid inquilines from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 50 (4), 319 - 336." type="journal article" year="2004">Melika, Ács &amp; Bechtold, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFD1707349E7F803FC7CF86E" box="[151,974,1982,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4448B859FFD1707349E7F803FC7CF86E" blockId="39.[151,974,1949,2009]" box="[151,974,1982,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="64E79F77FFD1707349E7F803FC7CF86E" box="[151,974,1982,2009]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFD1707349E7F803FDE7F86E" authority="Melika, Acs &amp; Bechtold" authorityName="Melika, Acs &amp; Bechtold" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,597,1982,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFD1707349E7F803FEE5F86E" box="[151,343,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Synergus chinensis</emphasis>
Melika, Ács &amp; Bechtold
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7683644BFFD170734B2CF803FDC2F86E" box="[604,624,1983,2006]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">in</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="C5569E48FFD170734B06F802FCC4F86E" author="Melika, G. &amp; Acs, Z. &amp; Bechtold, M." box="[630,886,1982,2006]" page="321" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFD170734B06F802FCF6F86E" author="Melika, G. &amp; Acs, Z. &amp; Bechtold, M." box="[630,836,1982,2006]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="319 - 336" refId="ref47565" refString="Melika, G., Acs, Z. &amp; Bechtold, M. (2004) New species of cynipid inquilines from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 50 (4), 319 - 336." type="journal article" year="2004">
Melika
<emphasis id="7683644BFFD170734BB4F803FD43F86E" box="[708,753,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">et al</emphasis>
. (2004)
</bibRefCitation>
: 321
</treatmentCitation>
,
<specimenCount id="52F173D0FFD170734AF1F803FC26F86E" box="[897,916,1983,2006]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
&amp;
<specimenCount id="52F173D0FFD170734AC4F803FC78F86E" box="[948,970,1983,2006]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDE707C49E7FF2AFEC8FF40" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4448B859FFDE707C49E7FF2AFEC8FF40" blockId="40.[151,1437,150,465]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C49E7FF2AFE83FF08" bold="true" box="[151,305,150,176]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="3CE0F8C9FFDE707C4847FF2AFEC8FF08" box="[311,378,150,176]" name="China" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="863376BBFFDE707C48F7FF2AFE6CFF08" box="[391,478,150,176]" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Beijing</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="863376BBFFDE707C4899FF2AFDE3FF08" box="[489,593,150,176]" country="China" name="Liaoning" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Liaoning</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="863376BBFFDE707C4B2BFF2AFD0AFF08" box="[603,696,150,176]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="863376BBFFDE707C4BB2FF2AFC94FF08" box="[706,806,150,176]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
Provinces) (
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDE707C4AC1FF2AFB0BFF08" author="Melika, G. &amp; Acs, Z. &amp; Bechtold, M." box="[945,1209,150,177]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="319 - 336" refId="ref47565" refString="Melika, G., Acs, Z. &amp; Bechtold, M. (2004) New species of cynipid inquilines from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 50 (4), 319 - 336." type="journal article" year="2004">
Melika
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4D78FF2BFB8BFF08" box="[1032,1081,150,176]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
. 2004: 323
</bibRefCitation>
, 325;
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDE707C4D8BFF2AFE8FFF6C" author="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Wang, Y. &amp; Melika, G. &amp; Guo, R. &amp; Xiaoxue, J. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J." pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="341 - 362" refId="ref46693" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Wang, Y., Melika, G., Guo, R., Xiaoxue, J. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J. (2021 a) A review of the species in the genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from mainland China, with an updated key to Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 24 (1), 341 - 362. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aspen. 2020.11.014" type="journal article" year="2021">
Lobato-Vila
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4CF8FF2BFF1FFF6C" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
. 2021a: 346
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="3CE0F8C9FFDE707C4821FF06FE6CFF6D" box="[337,478,186,213]" name="South Korea" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">South Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDE707C489EFF06FD68FF6C" author="Abe, Y. &amp; Melika, G. &amp; Stone, G. N." box="[494,730,186,213]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="169 - 212" refId="ref42072" refString="Abe, Y., Melika, G. &amp; Stone, G. N. (2007) The diversity and phylogeography of cynipid gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) of the Oriental and Eastern Palearctic regions, and their associated communities. Oriental Insects, 41 (1), 169 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2007.10417504" type="journal article" year="2007">
Abe
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4B56FF07FDEAFF6C" box="[550,600,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
. 2007: 202
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDE707C4B97FF06FBC3FF6C" author="Lobato-Vila, I. &amp; Kang, M. &amp; Roca-Cusachs, M. &amp; Kim, I. &amp; Joon, S. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J." box="[743,1137,186,213]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="179 - 198" refId="ref46607" refString="Lobato-Vila, I., Kang, M., Roca-Cusachs, M., Kim, I., Joon, S. &amp; Pujade-Villar, J. (2020 d) Taxonomic assessment of the inquiline fauna (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini, Ceroptresini) reared from cynipid galls on oaks (Quercus spp.) from South Korea. Zootaxa, 4860 (2), 179 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4860.2.2" type="journal article" year="2020">
Lobato-Vila
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4A06FF07FC15FF6C" box="[886,935,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
. 2020d: 186–187
</bibRefCitation>
), and the Russian Far East (
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDE707C49EFFF62FEDFFF40" author="Kovalev, O. V." box="[159,365,222,249]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref45839" refString="Kovalev, O. V. (1965) Gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) from the south of the Soviet Far East. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 44 (1 / 2), 46 - 73. [in Russian; English translation in Entomology Review, 44, 25 - 38]" type="journal article" year="1965">Kovalev 1965: 37</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDE707C49B7FEBEFA9AFEDD" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4448B859FFDE707C49B7FEBEFA9AFEDD" blockId="40.[151,1437,150,465]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C49B7FEBEFE89FEA4" bold="true" box="[199,315,258,284]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDE707C4831FEBEFE42FEA5" author="Kovalev, O. V." box="[321,496,258,285]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref45839" refString="Kovalev, O. V. (1965) Gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) from the south of the Soviet Far East. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 44 (1 / 2), 46 - 73. [in Russian; English translation in Entomology Review, 44, 25 - 38]" type="journal article" year="1965">Kovalev (1965)</bibRefCitation>
found
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C4B4EFEBFFB7CFEA4" authority="(Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1832)" baseAuthorityName="Boyer de Fonscolombe" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[574,1230,258,285]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gallaepomiformis">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4B4EFEBFFCDDFEA4" box="[574,879,258,285]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Synergus gallaepomiformis</emphasis>
(Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1832)
</taxonomicName>
in the Russian Far East, which was reared from asexual galls of
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4BE1FE9AFC33FEF8" box="[657,897,294,320]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C4BE1FE9AFCCFFEF8" authorityName="Wachi &amp; Abe" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[657,893,294,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hakonensis">Andricus hakonensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
According to
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDE707C4D6FFE9AFB6FFEF8" author="Abe, Y. &amp; Melika, G. &amp; Stone, G. N." box="[1055,1245,294,321]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="169 - 212" refId="ref42072" refString="Abe, Y., Melika, G. &amp; Stone, G. N. (2007) The diversity and phylogeography of cynipid gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) of the Oriental and Eastern Palearctic regions, and their associated communities. Oriental Insects, 41 (1), 169 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2007.10417504" type="journal article" year="2007">
Abe
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4D24FE9BFB37FEF8" box="[1108,1157,294,320]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
. (2007)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="2066C5A8FFDE707C4C63FE9AFEA0FEDD" author="Schweger, S. &amp; Melika, G. &amp; Tang, C. - T. &amp; Bihari, P. &amp; Bozso, M. &amp; Stone, G. N. &amp; Nicholls, J. A. &amp; Penzes, Z." pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="451 - 497" refId="ref52498" refString="Schweger, S., Melika, G., Tang, C. - T., Bihari, P., Bozso, M., Stone, G. N., Nicholls, J. A. &amp; Penzes, Z. (2015 a) New species of cynipid inquilines of the genus Synergus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) from the Eastern Palaearctic. Zootaxa, 3999 (4), 451 - 497. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3999.4.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
Schwéger
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4CF8FE9BFF1FFEDC" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">et al</emphasis>
. (2015a)
</bibRefCitation>
and based on the adult description given by Kovalev, these specimens belong to
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C4DEDFEF7FA93FEDC" authorityName="Melika, Acs &amp; Bechtold" authorityYear="2004" box="[1181,1313,330,357]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4DEDFEF7FA93FEDC" box="[1181,1313,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. chinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0CEDEBD2FFDE707C49B7FED2FB2DFE68" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="4448B859FFDE707C49B7FED2FB2DFE68" blockId="40.[151,1437,150,465]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C49B7FED2FE95FE30" bold="true" box="[199,295,366,392]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Biology.</emphasis>
Reared from galls of
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C4B6EFED2FCB5FE30" authorityName="Wachi &amp; Abe" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[542,775,366,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hakonensis">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4B6EFED2FCB5FE30" box="[542,775,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Andricus hakonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ǒ &amp;
<specimenCount id="52F173D0FFDE707C4A32FED3FCEEFE31" box="[834,860,367,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="52F173D0FFDE707C4A2BFED3FCDFFE31" box="[859,877,367,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C4A0AFED3FC4CFE30" authorityName="Tang &amp; Melika" authorityYear="2011" box="[890,1022,366,393]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="songshui">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4A0AFED3FC4CFE30" box="[890,1022,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">A. songshui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="52F173D0FFDE707C4D75FED3FBADFE31" box="[1029,1055,367,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="52F173D0FFDE707C4D6EFED3FB82FE31" box="[1054,1072,367,393]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C4D4DFED2FA32FE30" authorityName="Pujade-Villar et al. (2020 a:" authorityYear="1215" baseAuthorityName="Ide &amp; Abe" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[1085,1408,366,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kunugiphagus">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4D4DFED2FA32FE30" box="[1085,1408,366,392]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Plagiotrochus kunugiphagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ǒ,
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C49E7FE2EFE38FE14" authorityName="Monzen" authorityYear="1929" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[151,394,402,428]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Trichagalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serratae">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C49E7FE2EFE38FE14" box="[151,394,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Trichagalma serratae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ǒ,
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C48DCFE2FFD61FE14" box="[428,723,402,429]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Trichagalma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="formosana" subSpecies="romevai">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C48DCFE2FFE0EFE14" box="[428,444,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C48B9FE2EFDF3FE14" box="[457,577,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">formosana</emphasis>
ssp.
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4B08FE2FFD61FE14" box="[632,723,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">romevai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ǒ and some undetermined galls on different
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C4DB2FE2FFA92FE15" box="[1218,1312,403,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4DB2FE2FFA92FE15" box="[1218,1312,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="83F7C3DAFFDE707C4C25FE2FFA2FFE15" box="[1365,1437,403,429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Cerris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7683644BFFDE707C4C25FE2FFA2FFE15" box="[1365,1437,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Cerris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
section oaks (Table 2;
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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