677 lines
85 KiB
XML
677 lines
85 KiB
XML
<document id="006D3880447184E7E599A76FAB8572B1" ID-CLB-Dataset="3192" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00447.x" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a85e8f06-95fa-467d-8d09-c49f593271a3" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687663" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618409306066" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Angulo, Ariadne & Reichle, Steffen" docDate="2008" docId="610087D6FFAEFFFEC6A5F948D6E554EB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolJLinnSoc.152.59-77.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 152 (3)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00447.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Leptodactylus coca, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="9D39FFAEFFADFFF6C672FFF0D74A523C" masterDocTitle="Acoustic signals, species diagnosis, and species concepts: the case of a new cryptic species of Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae) from the Chapare region, Bolivia" masterLastPageNumber="77" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="62" updateTime="1698936446228" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="1CBA68943E25DD4BAD80AF134340E677">Acoustic signals, species diagnosis, and species concepts: the case of a new cryptic species of Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae) from the Chapare region, Bolivia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="71CC2246A7C18045D60837B25A22E0E0">Angulo, Ariadne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EF07BBA4BC1CD94A8A415E70D7C5628C">Reichle, Steffen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3664EB8CFD8511D3325A03659032F11D">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AAEC12C8C14AFEDF5499B5185B57E7F1">
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<mods:date id="89FCE9F17EF0AC31EF74363C0DC8A2CF">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2A6AEB4F6ED3CC2BEDF153607BB616B2">2008-03-31</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="487918665FFE623B72E3AF0422C1004A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="02824BCB74BEC694F729BCD5EDB2E91B" type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00447.x</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="610087D6FFAEFFFEC6A5F948D6E554EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5747088" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190875099" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5747088" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:610087D6FFAEFFFEC6A5F948D6E554EB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/610087D6FFAEFFFEC6A5F948D6E554EB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
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<subSubSection id="A1B3654BFFAEFFF5C6A5F948D59254F2" box="[215,728,1720,1742]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E91636C0FFAEFFF5C6A5F948D59254F2" blockId="3.[215,728,1720,1742]" box="[215,728,1720,1742]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
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<heading id="B25E81ACFFAEFFF5C6A5F948D59254F2" box="[215,728,1720,1742]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAEFFF5C6A5F948D6AF54F0" ID-CoL="5CYX" authority="Angulo & Reichle, 2008" box="[215,485,1720,1741]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">LEPTODACTYLUS COCA</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C79CF94BD51954F1" bold="true" box="[494,595,1720,1741]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0EE57A9FFAEFFF5C79CF94BD51954F1" box="[494,595,1720,1741]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="71922A45FFAEFFF5C414F948D5FA54F1" box="[614,688,1720,1741]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[164,243,1068,1087]" captionTargetBox="[164,1444,194,1038]" captionTargetId="figure-337@3.[164,1444,194,1038]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Leptodactylus coca sp. nov. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) view of holotype male NKA 3630, snout–vent length (SVL) = 24.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687665/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">FIGS 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="71922A45FFAEFFF5C4B3F948D58554F2" box="[705,719,1720,1742]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[144,223,1292,1311]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,1262]" captionTargetId="figure-270@4.[144,1424,195,1262]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Leptodactylus coca sp. nov. Ventral view of left palm of hand (A) and left sole of foot (B) of holotype male NKA 3630." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687667/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">2</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A1B3654BFFAEFFF5C6D6F92ED3855790" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E91636C0FFAEFFF5C6D6F92ED30956C9" blockId="3.[164,779,1758,1903]" lastBlockId="3.[826,1442,1186,1269]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
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<materialsCitation id="59C13C9DFFAEFFF5C6D6F92ED30956C9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413053301" collectingDate="1997-09-25" collectionCode="NKA" collectorName="S. Reichle & J. Aparicio" country="Bolivia" county="Department" elevation="800" location="Carretera" municipality="Province of Chapare" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" specimenCode="NKA 3630" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Cochabamba" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C6D6F92ED64454CF" box="[164,270,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
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<typeStatus id="36128862FFAEFFF5C6D6F92ED64254CF" box="[164,264,1758,1779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Adult male,
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<specimenCode id="B90F9EBBFFAEFFF5C7A6F92FD50754C8" box="[468,589,1758,1780]" collectionCode="NKA" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/djj9-ma3h" name="Nationales Konsiliarlabor fur Adenoviren" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">NKA 3630</specimenCode>
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, field number SR 99.134, collected near
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<location id="EC76601BFFAEFFF5C79AF90DD512552E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:610087D6FFAEFFFEC6A5F948D6E554EB:EC76601BFFAEFFF5C79AF90DD512552E" box="[488,600,1789,1810]" country="Bolivia" county="Department" municipality="Province of Chapare" name="Carretera" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Cochabamba">Carretera</location>
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Antigua from
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<location id="EC76601BFFAEFFF5C6D6F8ECD673550E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:610087D6FFAEFFFEC6A5F948D6E554EB:EC76601BFFAEFFF5C6D6F8ECD673550E" box="[164,313,1820,1842]" country="Bolivia" county="Department" municipality="Province of Chapare" name="Villa Tunari" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Cochabamba">Villa Tunari</location>
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to
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<collectingRegion id="2B6DF822FFAEFFF5C706F8ECD54C550E" box="[372,518,1820,1842]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
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(
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<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C453F8ECD566550D" box="[545,556,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">c</emphasis>
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.
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<elevation id="6284D1F3FFAEFFF5C44BF8ECD796556C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="800.0">
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<quantity id="2E519B25FFAEFFF5C44BF8ECD535550D" box="[569,639,1820,1841]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
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above sea level
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</elevation>
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), just above the
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<location id="EC76601BFFAEFFF5C7E5F8CAD5CA556C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:610087D6FFAEFFFEC6A5F948D6E554EB:EC76601BFFAEFFF5C7E5F8CAD5CA556C" box="[407,640,1850,1872]" country="Bolivia" county="Department" municipality="Province of Chapare" name="Village of El Palmar" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" stateProvince="Cochabamba">Village of El Palmar</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="0972ACBAFFAEFFF5C4FEF8CAD6425553" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Province of Chapare</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="00774E4CFFAEFFF5C76FF8A9D6E25552" box="[285,424,1881,1902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Department</collectingCounty>
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of
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<collectingRegion id="2B6DF822FFAEFFF5C7AFF8A9D5385553" box="[477,626,1881,1903]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="91BE7650FFAEFFF5C4F5F8A9D5905553" box="[647,730,1881,1903]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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, on
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<date id="9D171000FFAEFFF5C548FB52D36C568B" box="[826,1062,1186,1208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" value="1997-09-25">
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<collectingDate id="8D53E9E8FFAEFFF5C548FB52D36C568B" box="[826,1062,1186,1208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" value="1997-09-25">September 25, 1997</collectingDate>
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</date>
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by
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<collectorName id="445C5316FFAEFFF5C210FB52D3995684" box="[1122,1235,1186,1208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">S. Reichle</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName id="445C5316FFAEFFF5C36DFB53D42C56EB" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">J. Aparicio. The</collectorName>
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<typeStatus id="36128862FFAEFFF5C500FB31D49956EB" box="[882,979,1217,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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is also a call voucher for the species, recorded by
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<collectorName id="445C5316FFAEFFF5C5B9FB10D30956C9" box="[971,1091,1247,1269]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">S. Reichle.</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E91636C0FFAEFFF5C548FAEDD3855790" blockId="3.[826,1441,1309,1453]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
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<materialsCitation id="59C13C9DFFAEFFF5C548FAEDD3815790" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413053302" collectingDate="1997-09-25" collectionCode="CBF" collectorName="S. Reichle & J. Aparicio" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" specimenCode="CBF 4298, CBF 2619" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C548FAEDD4F8570E" box="[826,946,1309,1330]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
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<typeStatus id="36128862FFAEFFF5C548FAEDD4E1570E" box="[826,939,1309,1330]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Two additional specimens were collected at the type locality: a gravid female (
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<specimenCode id="B90F9EBBFFAEFFF5C2A0FACBD202576D" box="[1234,1352,1339,1361]" collectionCode="CBF" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">CBF 4298</specimenCode>
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), and a male, which is also a call voucher (
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<specimenCode id="B90F9EBBFFAEFFF5C352FAAAD2DF574C" box="[1312,1429,1370,1392]" collectionCode="CBF" country="Bolivia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ky5m-b42n" name="Coleccion Boliviana de Fauna" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">CBF 2619</specimenCode>
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), recorded by
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<collectorName id="445C5316FFAEFFF5C5B4FA89D37D57B2" box="[966,1079,1400,1422]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">S. Reichle</collectorName>
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and collected by
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<collectorName id="445C5316FFAEFFF5C28FFA89D22557B2" box="[1277,1391,1400,1422]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">S. Reichle</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName id="445C5316FFAEFFF5C548FA68D4FF5791" box="[826,949,1431,1453]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">J. Aparicio</collectorName>
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||
on
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<date id="9D171000FFAEFFF5C596FA67D3815790" box="[996,1227,1431,1453]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" value="1997-09-25">
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<collectingDate id="8D53E9E8FFAEFFF5C596FA67D3815790" box="[996,1227,1431,1453]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" value="1997-09-25">September 25, 1997</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A1B3654BFFAEFFF5C242FA12D3E157CB" box="[1072,1195,1506,1527]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="E91636C0FFAEFFF5C242FA12D3E157CB" blockId="3.[1072,1195,1506,1527]" box="[1072,1195,1506,1527]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">DIAGNOSIS</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A1B3654BFFAEFFF2C548F9F8D4DC548B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFAEFFF2C548F9F8D4DC548B" blockId="3.[826,1441,1544,1903]" lastBlockId="4.[806,1422,1391,1719]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">
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<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAEFFF5C548F9F8D35F5422" ID-CoL="5CYX" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[826,1045,1544,1566]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
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<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C548F9F8D35F5422" box="[826,1045,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Leptodactylus coca</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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differs in its advertisement call from all other known members of the
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<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAEFFF5C284F9D7D2EB5400" ID-CoL="3TN65" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1867" box="[1270,1441,1575,1596]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C284F9D7D2EB5400" box="[1270,1441,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">L. marmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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group for which acoustic data are available.
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<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAEFFF5C340F9B5D3B55446" ID-CoL="3TN3Q" authority="(Kwet & Angulo, 2002)" baseAuthorityName="Kwet & Angulo" baseAuthorityYear="2002" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="araucaria">
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<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C340F9B5D4A65446" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Leptodactylus araucaria</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFAEFFF5C58EF994D3B25446" author="Kwet A & Angulo A" box="[1020,1272,1636,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" pagination="28 - 43" refId="ref13337" refString="Kwet A, Angulo A. 2002. A new species of Adenomera (Anura, Leptodactylidae) from the Araucaria forest of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), with comments on the systematic status of southern populations of the genus. Alytes 20: 28 - 43." type="journal article" year="2002">Kwet & Angulo, 2002</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAEFFF5C34FF995D2EB5446" ID-CoL="6PGNH" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1922" box="[1341,1441,1637,1658]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">
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<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C34FF995D2EB5446" box="[1341,1441,1637,1658]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">L. nanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAEFFF5C203F973D3F554A4" ID-CoL="5CYX" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[1137,1215,1667,1688]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C203F973D3F554A4" box="[1137,1215,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">L. coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their small size [maximum SVL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAEFFF5C24EF952D381548B" ID-CoL="3TN3Q" baseAuthorityName="Kwet & Angulo" baseAuthorityYear="2002" box="[1084,1227,1698,1719]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="araucaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C24EF952D381548B" box="[1084,1227,1698,1719]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">L. araucaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males,
|
||
<quantity id="2E519B25FFAEFFF5C34CF951D2EB548B" box="[1342,1441,1697,1719]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="18.8">18.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFAEFFF5C530F930D30C54EA" author="Kwet A & Angulo A" box="[834,1094,1728,1750]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" pagination="28 - 43" refId="ref13337" refString="Kwet A, Angulo A. 2002. A new species of Adenomera (Anura, Leptodactylidae) from the Araucaria forest of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), with comments on the systematic status of southern populations of the genus. Alytes 20: 28 - 43." type="journal article" year="2002">Kwet & Angulo, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); maximum SVL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAEFFF5C34FF930D2EB54E9" ID-CoL="6PGNH" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1922" box="[1341,1441,1728,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C34FF930D2EB54E9" box="[1341,1441,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">L. nanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males,
|
||
<quantity id="2E519B25FFAEFFF5C5F9F92FD4A454C8" box="[907,1006,1759,1780]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="19.4">19.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFAEFFF5C58FF92FD3C954C9" author="Kwet A" box="[1021,1155,1758,1781]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" pagination="56 - 68" refId="ref13283" refString="Kwet A. 2007. Bioacoustic variation in the genus Adenomera in southern Brazil, with revalidation of Leptodactylus Nanus Muller, 1922 (Anura: Leptodactylidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologische Reihe Supplement 83: 56 - 68. doi: 10.1002 / mmnz. 200600027" type="journal article" year="2007">Kwet, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)], whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAEFFF5C371F92ED35A552F" ID-CoL="3TN5V" authority="(Heyer, 1975)" baseAuthorityName="Heyer" baseAuthorityYear="1975" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C371F92ED427552E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">Leptodactylus lutzi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFAEFFF5C50FF90DD34D552F" author="Heyer WR" box="[893,1031,1789,1811]" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" pagination="315 - 318" refId="ref12873" refString="Heyer WR. 1975. Adenomera lutzi (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae), a new species of frog from Guyana. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 88: 315 - 318." type="journal article" year="1975">Heyer, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the new species by its large size [SVL in males,
|
||
<quantity id="2E519B25FFAEFFF5C207F8EBD25F550D" box="[1141,1301,1819,1841]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.96" metricValueMax="3.35" metricValueMin="2.57" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="29.6" valueMax="33.5" valueMin="25.7">25.7–33.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFAEFFF5C35AF8ECD43F556C" author="Kok PJR & Kokubum MNC & MacCulloch RD & Lathrop A" pageId="3" pageNumber="62" pagination="45 - 60" refId="ref13200" refString="Kok PJR, Kokubum MNC, MacCulloch RD, Lathrop A. 2007. Morphological variation in Leptodactylus lutzi (Anura, Leptodactylidae) with description of its advertisement call and notes on its courtship behavior. Phyllomedusa 6: 45 - 60." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Kok
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAEFFF5C311F8ECD2D0550D" box="[1379,1434,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)], the presence of a dark triangular seat patch, and distinct spotting on the posterior face of the thigh (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA9FFF2C6E5FA9FD66757B9" author="Heyer WR" box="[151,301,1391,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" pagination="315 - 318" refId="ref12873" refString="Heyer WR. 1975. Adenomera lutzi (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae), a new species of frog from Guyana. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 88: 315 - 318." type="journal article" year="1975">Heyer, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C470FA9FD627579F" ID-CoL="3TN3R" authority="Heyer, 1973" authorityName="Heyer" authorityYear="1973" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bokermanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C470FA9FD790579F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Leptodactylus bokermanni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA9FFF2C691FA7ED627579F" author="Heyer WR" box="[227,365,1422,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref12797" refString="Heyer WR. 1973. Systematics of the marmoratus group of the frog genus Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum, Los Angeles County 251: 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1973">Heyer, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have not been found to possess a light mid-dorsal stripe extending from above the vent to the middle of the body, whereas this is a possible pattern for individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C7BCFA1AD55657C3" ID-CoL="5CYX" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[462,540,1514,1535]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C7BCFA1AD55657C3" box="[462,540,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C744F9F8D78D5401" ID-CoL="3TN66" authority="Bokermann, 1956" authorityName="Bokermann" authorityYear="1956" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="martinezi">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C744F9F8D51F5422" box="[310,597,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Leptodactylus martinezi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA9FFF2C418F9F8D78D5401" author="Bokermann WCA" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" pagination="37 - 40" refId="ref12029" refString="Bokermann WCA. 1956. Sobre una nueva especie de Leptodactylus del Brasil (Amphibia). Neotropica 2: 37 - 40." type="journal article" year="1956">
|
||
Bokermann,
|
||
<quantity id="2E519B25FFA9FFF2C6E2F9D7D78D5401" box="[144,199,1575,1597]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.96824" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" unit="in" value="1956.0">1956</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in lacking four longitudinal series of dark glands on the dorsum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA9FFF2C706F9B5D5195467" author="Bokermann WCA" box="[372,595,1605,1627]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" pagination="37 - 40" refId="ref12029" refString="Bokermann WCA. 1956. Sobre una nueva especie de Leptodactylus del Brasil (Amphibia). Neotropica 2: 37 - 40." type="journal article" year="1956">Bokermann, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C404F9B6D5A55466" ID-CoL="3TN3P" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1923" box="[630,751,1605,1627]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="andreae">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C404F9B6D5A55466" box="[630,751,1605,1627]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. andreae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C6E2F995D7BF5445" ID-CoL="3TN4D" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1885" box="[144,245,1636,1658]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diptyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C6E2F995D7BF5445" box="[144,245,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. diptyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C77BF995D6895445" ID-CoL="3TN59" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[265,451,1636,1658]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hylaedactylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C77BF995D6895445" box="[265,451,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. hylaedactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C7AAF994D6E054A5" ID-CoL="3TN65" authority="Steindachner, 1867" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C7AAF994D7F954A4" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Leptodactylus marmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
Steindachner, 1867
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C789F973D6FF548B" ID-CoL="3TN86" authority="Almeida & Angulo, 2006" authorityName="Almeida & Angulo" authorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C789F973D5BC54A4" box="[507,758,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Leptodactylus thomei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA9FFF2C6E2F951D6FF548B" author="Almeida AP & Angulo A" box="[144,437,1697,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref11597" refString="Almeida AP, Angulo A. 2006. A new species of Leptodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, with remarks on the systematics of associated populations. Zootaxa 1334: 1 - 25." type="journal article" year="2006">Almeida & Angulo, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
all have distinct, different advertisement calls to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C466F930D52854E9" ID-CoL="5CYX" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[532,610,1728,1749]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C466F930D52854E9" box="[532,610,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There is a recently described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C78CF92ED5D654CF" ID-CoL="5CYX" authorityName="COCA" authorityYear="2008" box="[510,668,1758,1779]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C78CF92ED5D654CF" box="[510,668,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Leptodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C6E2F90ED657552F" ID-CoL="3TN65" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1867" box="[144,285,1790,1811]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C6E2F90ED657552F" box="[144,285,1790,1811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">marmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="91BE7650FFA9FFF2C7C0F90DD52E552F" box="[434,612,1789,1811]" name="French Guiana" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C401F90DD5B9550E" ID-CoL="3TN57" authority="(Boistel, de Massary & Angulo, 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Boistel, de Massary & Angulo" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C401F90DD64D550D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Leptodactylus heyeri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA9FFF2C76DF8ECD5A1550E" author="Boistel R & Massary J-C & Angulo A" box="[287,747,1820,1842]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref11987" refString="Boistel R, Massary J-C (de), Angulo A. 2006. Description of a new species of the genus Adenomera (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae) from French Guiana. Acta Herpetologica 1: 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2006">Boistel, de Massary & Angulo, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a similar call to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C45FF8CBD531556C" ID-CoL="5CYX" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[557,635,1851,1872]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C45FF8CBD531556C" box="[557,635,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, even with similar calls, there are differences in acoustic patterns. For example, even if the call rate is often influenced by the motivation of callers, the call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C554FA5DD4C257FD" ID-CoL="3TN57" baseAuthorityName="Boistel, de Massary & Angulo" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[806,904,1452,1474]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C554FA5DD4C257FD" box="[806,904,1452,1474]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. heyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is issued at a much lower call rate than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C53BFA3CD4DD57DD" ID-CoL="5CYX" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[841,919,1484,1505]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C53BFA3CD4DD57DD" box="[841,919,1484,1505]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C202FA3CD39857DC" ID-CoL="3TN57" baseAuthorityName="Boistel, de Massary & Angulo" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[1136,1234,1483,1505]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C202FA3CD39857DC" box="[1136,1234,1483,1505]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. heyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not show evidence of pulse structure, whereas it is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C554F9F9D43E5422" ID-CoL="5CYX" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[806,884,1545,1566]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C554F9F9D43E5422" box="[806,884,1545,1566]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The species also differ morphologically:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C554F9D7D4C25400" ID-CoL="3TN57" baseAuthorityName="Boistel, de Massary & Angulo" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[806,904,1575,1596]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heyeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C554F9D7D4C25400" box="[806,904,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">L. heyeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a relatively broader head in proportion to the body; the dorsal coloration is very distinct, with stripes and bands, and well-defined black lumbar glands; and males of this species have a yellow throat and belly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="BDD66648FFA9FFF2C6E2FAFCD64E5700" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687667" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687667" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687667/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" startId="4.[144,223,1292,1311]" targetBox="[144,1424,195,1262]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA9FFF2C6E2FAFCD64E5700" blockId="4.[144,1421,1292,1340]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C6E2FAFCD50F5723" bold="true" box="[144,581,1292,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
|
||
Figure 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA9FFF2C776FAFCD6AE5723" authority="Angulo & Reichle, 2008" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[260,484,1292,1311]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA9FFF2C776FAFCD6AE5723" bold="true" box="[260,484,1292,1311]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Leptodactylus coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0EE57A9FFA9FFF2C79FFAFCD50F5723" box="[493,581,1292,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of left palm of hand (A) and left sole of foot (B) of holotype male NKA 3630.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A1B3654BFFA9FFFEC5CEF905D5F8571C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA9FFF2C5CEF905D3BD5536" blockId="4.[956,1271,1781,1802]" box="[956,1271,1781,1802]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
|
||
DESCRIPTION OF
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFA9FFF2C2F1F909D3BD5536" box="[1155,1271,1785,1802]" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA9FFF3C554F8ECD7B45798" blockId="4.[806,1422,1820,1903]" lastBlockId="5.[164,779,198,1444]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
|
||
Body small, robust, with relatively short limbs. Dorsal outline of snout rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="71922A45FFA9FFF2C2B0F8CAD24B556C" box="[1218,1281,1850,1872]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[164,243,1068,1087]" captionTargetBox="[164,1444,194,1038]" captionTargetId="figure-337@3.[164,1444,194,1038]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Leptodactylus coca sp. nov. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) view of holotype male NKA 3630, snout–vent length (SVL) = 24.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687665/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), in profile snout nearly acuminate; head wider than long; nostrils positioned dorsolaterally, closer to tip of snout than to corner of eye; internarial distance about a quarter of head width. Tympanum distinct, slightly more than half the diameter of eye; tympanic membrane translucid, possible to observe tympanic canal; supratympanic fold weakly developed, extending from back of eye to arm insertion, dark, contouring outline above fold extending from back to eye to about half or two thirds of the way down to the arm; oval creamcoloured gland below angle of jaw, and supratympanic fold present and distinct; canthus rostralis indistinct. Vocal sac single and internal, paired elongate vocal slits present. Vomerine teeth posterior to choanae in transverse series parallel to choanae, separated from each other by approximately the length of one vomerine tooth row. Arms short and robust; fingers slender, finger lengths III
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA8FFF3C70DFD40D6C750F9" box="[383,397,688,709]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">></emphasis>
|
||
I = II
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA8FFF3C7A6FD40D6A850F9" box="[468,482,688,709]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">></emphasis>
|
||
IV; finger tips rounded, without fringes or expansions; palms of hand with two large ovoid-shaped cream-coloured metacarpal tubercles; smaller inner metacarpal tubercle a little less than half the size of larger metacarpal tubercle; fingers with conspicuous, distinct cream-coloured rounded subarticular tubercles, absence of nuptial asperities. Hindlimbs robust, shank slightly longer than thigh; toe lengths IV
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA8FFF3C79BFC55D6BD5186" box="[489,503,933,954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">></emphasis>
|
||
III
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA8FFF3C450FC55D57A5186" box="[546,560,933,954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">></emphasis>
|
||
V
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA8FFF3C43DFC55D5175186" box="[591,605,933,954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">></emphasis>
|
||
II
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA8FFF3C40DFC55D5C75186" box="[639,653,933,954]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">></emphasis>
|
||
I; toe tips very slightly flattened or not, with very minor expansions (character state B of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA8FFF3C452FC12D5F051C4" author="Heyer WR" box="[544,698,994,1016]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref12797" refString="Heyer WR. 1973. Systematics of the marmoratus group of the frog genus Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum, Los Angeles County 251: 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1973">Heyer, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); toes without fringes. Metatarsal tubercles conspicuous, distinct; inner tarsal fold weakly developed, lined with scant, small white tubercles; tarsus also with small white tubercles, although not profuse; sole of foot with very sparse, scant white tubercles. Texture on dorsal surface mostly smooth, becoming tuberculate around the sacral area; thighs mostly smooth, shanks with very small, mostly scant, tubercles. Dorsolaterally, a dark longitudinal glandular fold starting just behind shoulder and running discontinuously posterior to sacral region; beneath it a second cream coloured glandular lateral fold extending along the same length as the darker fold. Surface of venter smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BDD66648FFA8FFF3C548FF36D2CE52C4" ID-Table-UUID="BDD66648FFA8FFF3C548FF36D2CE52C4" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BDD66648FFA8FFF3C548FF36D2CE52C4" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" startId="5.[826,890,198,217]" targetBox="[826,1441,287,774]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C548FF36D2CE52C4" blockId="5.[826,1441,198,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA8FFF3C548FF36D4DE52E5" bold="true" box="[826,916,198,217]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometric measurements for
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA8FFF3C28CFF36D49A52C4" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA8FFF3C28CFF36D42452C4" authority="Angulo & Reichle, 2008" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA8FFF3C28CFF36D42452C4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Leptodactylus coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0EE57A9FFA8FFF3C50AFF15D49A52C4" box="[888,976,229,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
All measurements are expressed in mm
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C209FEEFD235513A" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<table id="9BA9C460FFA80009C548FEEFD2EB513A" box="[826,1441,287,774]" gridcols="4" gridrows="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FEEFD2EB530E" box="[826,1441,287,306]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FEEFD384530E" box="[1147,1230,287,306]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">*NKA</th>
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FEEFD273530E" box="[1255,1337,287,306]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">CBF</th>
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FEEFD2EB530E" box="[1363,1441,287,306]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">CBF</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FECBD2EB5373" box="[826,1441,315,335]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FECBD3285373" box="[826,1122,315,335]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Specimen</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FECBD3845373" box="[1147,1230,315,335]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">3630 ♂</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FECBD2735373" box="[1255,1337,315,335]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">2619 ♂</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FECBD2EB5373" box="[1363,1441,315,335]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">4298 ♀</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FE86D2EB53B5" box="[826,1441,374,393]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FE86D32853B5" box="[826,1122,374,393]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Snout–vent length (SVL)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FE86D38453B5" box="[1147,1230,374,393]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">24.1</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FE86D27353B5" box="[1255,1337,374,393]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">23.6</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FE86D2EB53B5" box="[1363,1441,374,393]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">25.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FE63D2EB539A" box="[826,1441,403,422]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FE63D328539A" box="[826,1122,403,422]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Head length (HL)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FE63D384539A" box="[1147,1230,403,422]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">8.0</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FE63D273539A" box="[1255,1337,403,422]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">7.5</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FE63D2EB539A" box="[1363,1441,403,422]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">7.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FE40D2EB53F8" box="[826,1441,432,452]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FE40D32853F8" box="[826,1122,432,452]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Head width (HW)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FE40D38453F8" box="[1147,1230,432,452]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">8.7</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FE40D27353F8" box="[1255,1337,432,452]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">8.4</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FE40D2EB53F8" box="[1363,1441,432,452]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">8.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FE3ED2EB53DD" box="[826,1441,462,481]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FE3ED32853DD" box="[826,1122,462,481]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Eye diameter (ED)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FE3ED38453DD" box="[1147,1230,462,481]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FE3ED27353DD" box="[1255,1337,462,481]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FE3ED2EB53DD" box="[1363,1441,462,481]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">2.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FE1BD2EB53C2" box="[826,1441,491,510]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FE1BD32853C2" box="[826,1122,491,510]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Tympanum diameter (TYD)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FE1BD38453C2" box="[1147,1230,491,510]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FE1BD27353C2" box="[1255,1337,491,510]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FE1BD2EB53C2" box="[1363,1441,491,510]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">1.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FDF8D2EB5027" box="[826,1441,520,539]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FDF8D3285027" box="[826,1122,520,539]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Eye–nostril distance (END)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FDF8D3845027" box="[1147,1230,520,539]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FDF8D2735027" box="[1255,1337,520,539]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FDF8D2EB5027" box="[1363,1441,520,539]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">1.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FDD6D2EB5005" box="[826,1441,550,569]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FDD6D3285005" box="[826,1122,550,569]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Interorbital distance (IOD)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FDD6D3845005" box="[1147,1230,550,569]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FDD6D2735005" box="[1255,1337,550,569]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FDD6D2EB5005" box="[1363,1441,550,569]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">2.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FDB3D2EB506A" box="[826,1441,579,598]" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FDB3D328506A" box="[826,1122,579,598]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Internarial distance (IND)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FDB3D384506A" box="[1147,1230,579,598]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">2.0</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FDB3D273506A" box="[1255,1337,579,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FDB3D2EB506A" box="[1363,1441,579,598]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">1.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FD90D2EB504F" box="[826,1441,608,627]" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FD90D328504F" box="[826,1122,608,627]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Forearm length (FAL)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FD90D384504F" box="[1147,1230,608,627]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">4.3</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FD90D273504F" box="[1255,1337,608,627]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">4.7</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FD90D2EB504F" box="[1363,1441,608,627]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">4.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FD8DD2EB50AC" box="[826,1441,637,656]" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FD8DD32850AC" box="[826,1122,637,656]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Hand length (HDL)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FD8DD38450AC" box="[1147,1230,637,656]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">5.0</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FD8DD27350AC" box="[1255,1337,637,656]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">5.0</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FD8DD2EB50AC" box="[1363,1441,637,656]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">5.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FD6BD2EB5092" box="[826,1441,667,686]" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FD6BD3285092" box="[826,1122,667,686]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Thigh length (THL)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FD6BD3845092" box="[1147,1230,667,686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">9.7</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FD6BD2735092" box="[1255,1337,667,686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">9.6</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FD6BD2EB5092" box="[1363,1441,667,686]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">9.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FD48D2EB50F7" box="[826,1441,696,715]" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FD48D32850F7" box="[826,1122,696,715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Shank length (SL)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FD48D38450F7" box="[1147,1230,696,715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">10.3</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FD48D27350F7" box="[1255,1337,696,715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">10.3</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FD48D2EB50F7" box="[1363,1441,696,715]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">11.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FD25D2EB50D5" box="[826,1441,725,745]" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FD25D32850D5" box="[826,1122,725,745]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Tarsus length (TSL)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FD25D38450D5" box="[1147,1230,725,745]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">6.5</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FD25D27350D5" box="[1255,1337,725,745]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">6.5</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FD25D2EB50D5" box="[1363,1441,725,745]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">6.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFA80009C548FD02D2EB513A" box="[826,1441,754,774]" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFA80009C548FD02D328513A" box="[826,1122,754,774]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Foot length (FL)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C209FD02D384513A" box="[1147,1230,754,774]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">11.5</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C295FD02D273513A" box="[1255,1337,754,774]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">11.0</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFA80009C321FD02D2EB513A" box="[1363,1441,754,774]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">11.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C548FCDDD4E1517C" blockId="5.[826,939,813,832]" box="[826,939,813,832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<tableNote id="144F374EFFA8FFF3C548FCDDD4E1517C" box="[826,939,813,832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[826,1441,287,774]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
*
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFA8FFF3C536FCDDD4EC517C" box="[836,934,813,832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C733FA12D52457CA" blockId="5.[321,622,1506,1527]" box="[321,622,1506,1527]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">COLOUR IN PRESERVATIVE</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C6D6F9F8D6905553" blockId="5.[164,779,1544,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Preserved in 70% alcohol, the dorsum is a light brown colour, with the discontinuous upper dorsolateral glandular lines a darker shade of brown. There is a dark marking in the shape of an inverted U on the dorsum between the shoulders. Tips of glands on lower back dark brown; dorsal surface of limbs, a uniform light brown, except for the white-tipped tubercles and a dark bar on left foot. Tip of snout to back of head at about tympanum level a darker shade of brown, with a slight milky/foggy aspect to it. Venter white, immaculate; skin on edges of lower lip sparsely dotted with melanophores.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C262FC81D38151B9" blockId="5.[1040,1227,881,902]" box="[1040,1227,881,902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">COLOUR IN LIFE</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C548FC68D2DB51F0" blockId="5.[826,1441,920,972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">The coloration in life does not differ much from the colour described in preservative, just more intense.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C5FFFBF2D204562B" blockId="5.[909,1358,1025,1047]" box="[909,1358,1025,1047]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="59C13C9DFFA8FFF3C5FFFBF2D204562B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413053303" box="[909,1358,1025,1047]" collectionCode="MM" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
MEASUREMENTS OF
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFA8FFF3C205FBF5D3A1562A" box="[1143,1259,1029,1046]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
(IN
|
||
<collectionCode id="8FB8AE05FFA8FFF3C352FBF5D20C5629" box="[1312,1350,1029,1045]" country="France" name="University of Montpellier" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">MM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C548FBD8D31C5647" blockId="5.[826,1441,1064,1147]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">SVL, 24.1; HL, 8.0; HW, 8.7; ED, 2.6; TYD, 1.4; END, 1.6; IOD, 2.4; IND, 2; FAL, 4.3; HDL, 5; THL, 9.7; SL, 10.3; TSL, 6.5; FL, 11.5.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF3C5BEFB40D24556F8" blockId="5.[972,1295,1200,1221]" box="[972,1295,1200,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA8FFF0C548FB26D590562A" blockId="5.[826,1441,1238,1903]" lastBlockId="6.[144,759,840,1903]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Female slightly larger than males (
|
||
<tableCitation id="A42B037BFFA8FFF3C373FB26D21E56D0" box="[1281,1364,1238,1260]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[826,890,198,217]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric measurements for Leptodactylus coca sp. nov. All measurements are expressed in mm" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BDD66648FFA8FFF3C548FF36D2CE52C4" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" tableUuid="BDD66648FFA8FFF3C548FF36D2CE52C4">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The dorsal pattern of the male specimen CBF 2619 is similar to that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFA8FFF3C25CFAE3D3DB5715" box="[1070,1169,1299,1321]" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, except that it lacks the fogginess observed in the snout and head of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFA8FFF3C31BFAC2D424575A" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; it does not have the inverted U-shaped dark marking between the shoulders; the two dark brown dorsolateral discontinuous glandular lines are ventrally flanked by broad cream lateral stripes that run parallel to them. In addition, it appears to have an inverted triangular-shaped interorbital spot, which, although fainter on the left side of the specimen, is dark brown from its base between the eyes to the back of the head, with a lighter spot within the triangle close to the right eye. Furthermore, specimen CBF 2619 has two symmetrical inguinal dark blotches on either side of the lower dorsum, and another two symmetrical dark blotches lower down, flanking the base of the hairline cream stripe that extends from the base of the vent to the lower back, and very sparse dark spots on the upper dorsum. The supratympanic fold is more pronounced from just behind the eye to behind the tympanum; it is weaker from the back of tympanum to the arm. An accompanying dark brown bar follows the outline of the supratympanic fold only to the back of the tympanum. In contrast with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFABFFF0C7ACFC54D50B5186" box="[478,577,932,954]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, this specimen shows distinguishable irregular crossbars on the hindlimbs. The toe tips are expanded (character states C-D or D
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C720FBF1D6DB562A" box="[338,401,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFABFFF0C7E9FBF0D56C562A" author="Heyer WR" box="[411,550,1024,1046]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref12797" refString="Heyer WR. 1973. Systematics of the marmoratus group of the frog genus Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum, Los Angeles County 251: 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1973">Heyer, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and flattened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BDD66648FFABFFF0C6E2FF36D45652C4" ID-Table-UUID="BDD66648FFABFFF0C6E2FF36D45652C4" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BDD66648FFABFFF0C6E2FF36D45652C4" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" startId="6.[144,208,198,217]" targetBox="[144,1421,287,715]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFABFFF0C6E2FF36D45652C4" blockId="6.[144,1421,198,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C6E2FF36D7A352E5" bold="true" box="[144,233,198,217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Table 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurement of advertisement call parameters for
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C565FF36D31F52E5" bold="true" box="[791,1109,198,218]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFABFFF0C565FF36D4BC52E6" authority="Angulo & Reichle, 2008" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[791,1014,198,218]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C565FF36D4BC52E6" bold="true" box="[791,1014,198,218]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Leptodactylus coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0EE57A9FFABFFF0C58FFF36D31F52E5" box="[1021,1109,198,217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Numbers in the first line are means ± standard deviation; numbers in brackets are ranges
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFABFFF0C6E2FEEFD39950F7" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<table id="9BA9C460FFAB0009C6E2FEEFD2C750F7" box="[144,1421,287,715]" gridcols="3" gridrows="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FEEFD2C7530E" box="[144,1421,287,306]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FEEFD558530E" box="[144,530,287,306]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Recording</th>
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFEEFD499530E" box="[652,979,287,306]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">*NKA 3630</th>
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFEEFD2C7530E" box="[1100,1421,287,306]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">CBF 2619</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FEA9D2C75350" box="[144,1421,345,364]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FEA9D5585350" box="[144,530,345,364]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Number of calls</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFEA9D4995350" box="[652,979,345,364]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">23</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFEA9D2C75350" box="[1100,1421,345,364]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">18</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FE86D2C753B5" box="[144,1421,374,393]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FE86D55853B5" box="[144,530,374,393]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Temperature (°C)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFE86D49953B5" box="[652,979,374,393]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">20.8</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFE86D2C753B5" box="[1100,1421,374,393]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">21.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FE63D2C7539B" box="[144,1421,403,423]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FE63D558539B" box="[144,530,403,423]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Call length (ms)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFE63D499539B" box="[652,979,403,423]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">117.96 ± 3.2 (110.14–123.45)</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFE63D2C7539B" box="[1100,1421,403,423]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">141.87 ± 2.51 (136.03–145.22)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FE40D2C753F8" box="[144,1421,432,452]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FE40D55853F8" box="[144,530,432,452]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Call rate (calls/min)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFE40D49953F8" box="[652,979,432,452]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">84</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFE40D2C753F8" box="[1100,1421,432,452]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">66</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FE3ED2C753DD" box="[144,1421,462,481]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FE3ED55853DD" box="[144,530,462,481]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Call rise time (ms)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFE3ED49953DD" box="[652,979,462,481]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">52.08 ± 22.17 (23.63–88.62)</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFE3ED2C753DD" box="[1100,1421,462,481]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">41.71 ± 20.25 (11.56–96.05)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FE1BD2C753C2" box="[144,1421,491,510]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FE1BD55853C2" box="[144,530,491,510]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Pulses/call</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFE1BD49953C2" box="[652,979,491,510]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">12 ± 1.14 (10–15)</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFE1BD2C753C2" box="[1100,1421,491,510]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Strong amplitude modulation,</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FDF8D2C75020" box="[144,1421,520,540]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFDF8D2C75020" box="[1100,1421,520,540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">but no distinct pulses</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FDD5D2C75005" box="[144,1421,549,569]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FDD5D5585005" box="[144,530,549,569]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Pulse rate (/s)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFDD5D4995005" box="[652,979,549,569]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">120 ± 12.85 (105.78–146.88)</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFDD5D2C75005" box="[1100,1421,549,569]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Strong amplitude modulation,</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FDB3D2C7506A" box="[144,1421,579,598]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFDB3D2C7506A" box="[1100,1421,579,598]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">but no distinct pulses</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FD90D2C7504F" box="[144,1421,608,627]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FD90D558504F" box="[144,530,608,627]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Fundamental frequency (Hz)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFD90D499504F" box="[652,979,608,627]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">1731.9 ± 33.11 (1694.6–1794.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFD90D2C7504F" box="[1100,1421,608,627]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">1855.2 ± 26 (1814.2–1913.9)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FD8DD2C750AD" box="[144,1421,637,657]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FD8DD55850AD" box="[144,530,637,657]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Dominant frequency (Hz)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFD8DD49950AD" box="[652,979,637,657]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">3599.03 ± 68.5 (3449.1–3668.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFD8DD2C750AD" box="[1100,1421,637,657]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">3678.3 ± 29.2 (3628.5–3748.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FD6AD2C75092" box="[144,1421,666,686]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FD6AD5585092" box="[144,530,666,686]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Change in dominant frequency (Hz)</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFD6AD4995092" box="[652,979,666,686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">254.65 ± 173.2 (0–775.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFD6AD2C75092" box="[1100,1421,666,686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">445.02 ± 99.10 (258.4–602.99)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="57993482FFAB0009C6E2FD48D2C750F7" box="[144,1421,696,715]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<th id="14485DFEFFAB0009C6E2FD48D55850F7" box="[144,530,696,715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Total number of harmonics detected</th>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C4FEFD48D49950F7" box="[652,979,696,715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Up to 4</td>
|
||
<td id="14485DFEFFAB0009C23EFD48D2C750F7" box="[1100,1421,696,715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Up to 5 or 6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFABFFF0C6E2FD02D64A5139" blockId="6.[144,256,754,773]" box="[144,256,754,773]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<tableNote id="144F374EFFABFFF0C6E2FD02D64A5139" box="[144,256,754,773]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" targetBox="[144,1421,287,715]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
*
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFABFFF0C6E8FD02D7B65139" box="[154,252,754,773]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</tableNote>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFABFFF0C6DAFBEFD4D95186" blockId="6.[144,759,840,1903]" lastBlockId="6.[806,1422,840,1260]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Female specimen CBF 4298 is morphologically the most different of the three specimens collected. It has a cream-coloured patch on the dorsum between shoulders; an inverted triangular-shaped interorbital spot that is dark brown from its base between the eyes to the level of the posterior edge of the tympanum, with the exception of a couple of lighter-coloured irregular spots within the triangle that take the appearance of eyes on a mask; it then takes a lighter shade from the apex of this spot posteriorly until it reaches the anterior edge of the shoulder-level cream patch. The ‘mask’ is flanked by two lighter coloured trapezoidalshaped spots, one on either side of the head, behind the eyes. The supratympanic fold is well developed from the back of the eye to the arm, with a dark brown bar following the contour of the fold nearly to the arm. There is a cream-coloured mid-dorsal hairline stripe running from above the vent to the creamcoloured shoulder patch, becoming progressively thinner anteriorly, and two lateral thin creamcoloured stripes run from the back of the tympanum to the groin, one on either side of the body. Two symmetrical inguinal dark blotches are located on either side of the lower dorsum. The remainder of the dorsum is marked with an irregular pattern of darker spots against a lighter brown background, which roughly resembles broken discontinuous lines running along the anterior–posterior axis. Irregular crossbars are present on both arms and hindlimbs. The toe tips are slightly expanded (character state C
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C535FC76D4CC51A7" box="[839,902,902,923]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFABFFF0C5E7FC76D36F51A0" author="Heyer WR" box="[917,1061,902,924]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref12797" refString="Heyer WR. 1973. Systematics of the marmoratus group of the frog genus Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum, Los Angeles County 251: 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1973">Heyer, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and mildly flattened or not flattened.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFABFFF0C54DFC33D4C856D0" blockId="6.[806,1422,840,1260]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
In contrast to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFABFFF0C256FC33D3CD51E5" box="[1060,1159,963,985]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, both
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFABFFF0C2ABFC33D20051E4" box="[1241,1354,963,984]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
have profuse white-tipped tubercles on the soles of the feet. All specimens have rounded snouts in dorsal outline, although in profile the snout of the female appears to be more rounded than that of the males; all specimens have white-tipped tubercles on the dorsal surfaces of shanks and thighs (although these are more profuse on the shanks than they are on the thighs), and they all have immaculate creamish-coloured venters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFABFFF0C5A9FADAD3925703" blockId="6.[987,1240,1322,1343]" box="[987,1240,1322,1343]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">ADVERTISEMENT CALL</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFABFFF0C554FAA1D27354A5" blockId="6.[806,1422,1361,1903]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Acoustic parameter measurements for the two recorded voucher males are listed in
|
||
<tableCitation id="A42B037BFFABFFF0C2BEFA9FD26B57B8" box="[1228,1313,1391,1413]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[144,208,198,217]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Measurement of advertisement call parameters for Leptodactylus coca sp. nov. Numbers in the first line are means ± standard deviation; numbers in brackets are ranges" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BDD66648FFABFFF0C6E2FF36D45652C4" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" tableUuid="BDD66648FFABFFF0C6E2FF36D45652C4">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<figureCitation id="71922A45FFABFFF0C35FFA9FD2C757B8" box="[1325,1421,1391,1413]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[164,243,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[224,1385,195,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[224,1385,195,1807]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Advertisement call of Leptodactylus coca sp. nov. A, sequence of ten calls. B, one of these calls at higher resolution. C, section of call in (B) showing detail of waveform. D, power spectrum of (B). E, spectrogram of the first three calls in (A). Modified from Angulo (2004)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687669/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
depicts both temporal and spectral patterns of the call. The advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFABFFF0C2E7FA5DD3A957FE" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[1173,1251,1453,1474]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C2E7FA5DD3A957FE" box="[1173,1251,1453,1474]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">L. coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been previously described in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFABFFF0C258FA3BD39857DD" author="Angulo A" box="[1066,1234,1483,1505]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" refId="ref11666" refString="Angulo A. 2004. The evolution of the acoustic communication system in members of the genus Adenomera (Anura: Leptodactylidae): a comparative approach. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Toronto." type="book" year="2004">Angulo (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFABFFF0C37FFA3BD2C457DC" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1867" box="[1293,1422,1483,1504]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Adenomera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C37FFA3BD2C457DC" box="[1293,1422,1483,1504]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Adenomera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
‘Chapare’; it is here directly associated to the species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFABFFF0C503F9F9D4F55422" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[881,959,1545,1566]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C503F9F9D4F55422" box="[881,959,1545,1566]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">L. coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The description is based on the combined calls from both vouchers, which were recorded at 21.1 °C and 20.8 °C, respectively. The advertisement call of the new species can be heard as a sound file on track 6, CD 2 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFABFFF0C249F973D27C54A5" author="Marquez R & De la Riva I & Bosch J & Matheu E" box="[1083,1334,1667,1689]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" refId="ref13472" refString="Marquez R, De la Riva I, Bosch J, Matheu E. 2002. Sounds of frogs and toads of Bolivia. Barcelona: Alosa, sonidos de la naturaleza." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Márquez
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C2DBF973D39054A4" box="[1193,1242,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2002)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFABFFFEC54DF952D6975162" blockId="6.[806,1422,1361,1903]" lastBlockId="8.[144,759,198,862]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
|
||
In comparison with other species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFABFFF0C350F952D42454E9" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1867" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C350F952D42454E9" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">L. marmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFABFFF0C581F930D3A054E9" author="Kwet A & Angulo A" box="[1011,1258,1728,1750]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" pagination="28 - 43" refId="ref13337" refString="Kwet A, Angulo A. 2002. A new species of Adenomera (Anura, Leptodactylidae) from the Araucaria forest of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), with comments on the systematic status of southern populations of the genus. Alytes 20: 28 - 43." type="journal article" year="2002">Kwet & Angulo, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Angulo
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C33DF930D23554E9" box="[1359,1407,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2003; and references within;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFABFFF0C202F92ED26E54C8" author="Kok PJR & Kokubum MNC & MacCulloch RD & Lathrop A" box="[1136,1316,1758,1780]" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" pagination="45 - 60" refId="ref13200" refString="Kok PJR, Kokubum MNC, MacCulloch RD, Lathrop A. 2007. Morphological variation in Leptodactylus lutzi (Anura, Leptodactylidae) with description of its advertisement call and notes on its courtship behavior. Phyllomedusa 6: 45 - 60." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Kok
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C2D7F92FD39754CF" box="[1189,1245,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; and this study, for acoustic parameters for other species) the advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFABFFF0C253F8ECD325550D" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[1057,1135,1820,1841]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFABFFF0C253F8ECD325550D" box="[1057,1135,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">L. coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is intermediate in duration, ranging from 110 to 145 ms, emitted at an intermediate to low call rate (66 and 84 calls/min). Call rise time is highly variable (11.6–96 ms), a fact reflected by associated standard deviations for both call vouchers. The signal undergoes quite strong amplitude modulation for most of its duration, before going into its final decay phase. This amplitude modulation creates some pulse structure, but because these pulses tend to meld together, it is difficult to specify an amplitude pattern. In one of the vouchers these modulations vary between 10 and 15 per call, emitted at an average rate of 120 pulses/s. The fundamental frequency ranges between 1695 and 1914 Hz, and a harmonically related second frequency, ranging between 3449 and 3748 Hz, is the main carrier. Up to five or six frequency bands can be detected at any time (this is also a function of recording conditions); nevertheless, given the fact that the energy peaks of upper harmonics are considerably lower than that of the main carrier, these frequency peaks are not depicted in the spectrum image of
|
||
<figureCitation id="71922A45FFA5FFFEC6E2FCFBD7BB511C" box="[144,241,779,801]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[164,243,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[224,1385,195,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-0@7.[224,1385,195,1807]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Advertisement call of Leptodactylus coca sp. nov. A, sequence of ten calls. B, one of these calls at higher resolution. C, section of call in (B) showing detail of waveform. D, power spectrum of (B). E, spectrogram of the first three calls in (A). Modified from Angulo (2004)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687669/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
, as they fall below the cut-off point of -30 dB. There is either no or some frequency modulation of the main carrier (0–775 Hz).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="BDD66648FFAAFFF1C6D6F8C0D5295542" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687669" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687669/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" startId="7.[164,243,1840,1859]" targetBox="[224,1385,195,1805]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFAAFFF1C6D6F8C0D5295542" blockId="7.[164,1441,1840,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAAFFF1C6D6F8C0D646557F" bold="true" box="[164,268,1840,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Advertisement call of
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAAFFF1C474F8C0D402557F" bold="true" box="[518,840,1840,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFAAFFF1C474F8C0D5AC557F" authority="Angulo & Reichle, 2008" authorityName="Angulo & Reichle" authorityYear="2008" box="[518,742,1840,1859]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFAAFFF1C474F8C0D5AC557F" bold="true" box="[518,742,1840,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="66">Leptodactylus coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0EE57A9FFAAFFF1C49DF8C0D402557F" box="[751,840,1840,1859]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A, sequence of ten calls. B, one of these calls at higher resolution. C, section of call in (B) showing detail of waveform. D, power spectrum of (B). E, spectrogram of the first three calls in (A). Modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFAAFFF1C7B5F89BD5155542" author="Angulo A" box="[455,607,1899,1918]" pageId="7" pageNumber="66" refId="ref11666" refString="Angulo A. 2004. The evolution of the acoustic communication system in members of the genus Adenomera (Anura: Leptodactylidae): a comparative approach. Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Toronto." type="book" year="2004">Angulo (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA5FFFEC72BFC63D567519B" blockId="8.[345,557,915,936]" box="[345,557,915,936]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">NATURAL HISTORY</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA5FFFEC6E2FC49D5F8571C" blockId="8.[144,759,953,1312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
|
||
The new species was found on open ground and at the base of dense, grassy vegetation in montane rainforests at about
|
||
<quantity id="2E519B25FFA5FFFEC731FC06D6C35630" box="[323,393,1014,1036]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level in the cocagrowing region of Chapare,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="91BE7650FFA5FFFEC797FBE5D5735617" box="[485,569,1045,1067]" name="Bolivia" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Voucher males were recorded in the evening after a heavy downpour during the day; individuals vocalized from dense clusters of grass as well as from open areas. Many individuals were heard calling, and some of them were very close (within
|
||
<quantity id="2E519B25FFA5FFFEC713FB5ED6C756FF" box="[353,397,1198,1220]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
|
||
) to each other. No water bodies were found close by, and we suspect that the species could display direct development (e.g. as has been reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA5FFFEC751FAFAD6845723" authorityName="Steindachner" authorityYear="1867" box="[291,462,1290,1311]" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Leptodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA5FFFEC751FAFAD6845723" box="[291,462,1290,1311]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">L. marmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA5FFFEC7ADFAFAD5175723" author="Lutz A" box="[479,605,1290,1311]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" pagination="755 - 756" refId="ref13388" refString="Lutz A. 1931. Sur la biologie des batraciens du Bresil. Comptes Rendus de la Societe de Biologie, Paris 109: 755 - 756." type="journal article" year="1931">Lutz, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA5FFFEC41EFAFAD5EC571C" author="Lutz B" box="[620,678,1290,1312]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" pagination="242 - 252" refId="ref13416" refString="Lutz B. 1947. Trends towards non-aquatic and direct development in frogs. Copeia 1947: 242 - 252." type="journal article" year="1947">1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A1B3654BFFA5FFFEC70CFAA4D6E554EB" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA5FFFEC70CFAA4D5425754" blockId="8.[382,520,1364,1385]" box="[382,520,1364,1385]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">ETYMOLOGY</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA5FFFEC6E2FA8AD51157F1" blockId="8.[144,758,1402,1485]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
|
||
The new species is named after the coca plant,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EA94D43FFA5FFFEC4DFFA8AD6555792" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coca">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBDDEAD2FFA5FFFEC4DFFA8AD6555792" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Erythroxylon coca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, given its occurrence near coca plantations of the Chapare region, in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="91BE7650FFA5FFFEC471FA47D51D57F1" box="[515,599,1463,1485]" name="Bolivia" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA5FFFEC74CF9F1D502542A" blockId="8.[318,584,1537,1558]" box="[318,584,1537,1558]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">CONSERVATION STATUS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E91636C0FFA5FFFEC6E2F9D7D6E554EB" blockId="8.[144,759,1575,1751]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">
|
||
The three
|
||
<typeStatus id="36128862FFA5FFFEC779F9D8D6765401" box="[267,316,1576,1597]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens are the only known representatives of the new species. They were all collected on the same day, after heavy rain. Given the available information, we suggest that this species be considered as Data Deficient following the IUCN’s Red List categories (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D384B31FFA5FFFEC761F931D6E954EB" author="IUCN" box="[275,419,1729,1751]" pageId="8" pageNumber="67" refId="ref13133" refString="IUCN. 2001. IUCN red list categories and criteria, Version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission. Gland: IUCN." type="book" year="2001">IUCN, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |