treatments-xml/data/53/9D/28/539D283D93F35EA38938D9C2EFC594BD.xml
2024-06-21 12:36:38 +02:00

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94263" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-94-13" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ADCFB8021287566FB2D7E8A8711D5CAE" ID-ZooBank="6CB807239A47403FABEC9AF8AE7F417F" ModsDocID="1314-2607-94-13" checkinTime="1671601504499" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Burks, Roger, Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan, Fusu, Lucian, Heraty, John M., Jansta, Petr, Heydon, Steve, Papilloud, Natalie Dale-Skey, Peters, Ralph S., Tselikh, Ekaterina V., Woolley, James B., van Noort, Simon, Baur, Hannes, Cruaud, Astrid, Darling, Christopher, Haas, Michael, Hanson, Paul, Krogmann, Lars &amp; Rasplus, Jean-Yves" docDate="2022" docId="539D283D93F35EA38938D9C2EFC594BD" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 94: 13-88" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 94" docPubDate="2022-12-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94263" docTitle="Rivasia Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement 2005" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="ADCFB8021287566FB2D7E8A8711D5CAE" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="ADCFB8021287566FB2D7E8A8711D5CAE" masterDocTitle="From hell's heart I stab at thee! A determined approach towards a monophyletic Pteromalidae and reclassification of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1671601504499" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>From hell's heart I stab at thee! A determined approach towards a monophyletic Pteromalidae and reclassification of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Burks, Roger</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Fusu, Lucian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Heraty, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Jansta, Petr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic &amp; Department of Entomology, State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Heydon, Steve</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Papilloud, Natalie Dale-Skey</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Insects Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Peters, Ralph S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Tselikh, Ekaterina V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Woolley, James B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Texas A &amp; M University, College Station, TX, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>van Noort, Simon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Research and Exhibitions Department, South African Museum, Iziko Museums of South Africa, PO Box 61, Cape Town 8000 South Africa &amp; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Baur, Hannes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrates, Natural History Museum Bern, Bern, Switzerland &amp; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Cruaud, Astrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Darling, Christopher</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada &amp; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M 5 S 1 A 1, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Haas, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hanson, Paul</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Escuela de Biologia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San Jose 11501 - 2060, Costa Rica</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Krogmann, Lars</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart, Germany &amp; Institute of Biology, Biological Systematics (190 n) University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Rasplus, Jean-Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-12-20</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>94</mods:number>
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<mods:start>13</mods:start>
<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94263</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.94.94263</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:539D283D93F35EA38938D9C2EFC594BD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/539D283D93F35EA38938D9C2EFC594BD" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName LSID="539D283D-93F3-5EA3-8938-D9C2EFC594BD" authority="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement" authorityName="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Rivasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rivasia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rivasia Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Rivasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rivasia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rivasia</taxonomicName>
Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, 2005. Type species:
<taxonomicName authorityName="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Rivasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rivasia fumariae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumariae">Rivasia fumariae</taxonomicName>
Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey, 2005
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Antenna with 8 flagellomeres, including an undivided or incompletely divided clava. Eyes slightly ventrally divergent. Clypeus transverse. Labrum exposed, well-sclerotized. Mandibles with 2 teeth. Subforaminal bridge with postgena separated by lower tentorial bridge except for a small postgenal bridge dorsal to the hypostoma; posterior surface of head without postgenal lamina or postgenal groove. Pronotum subconical and elongate in dorsal view. Mesoscutellum with frenum; mesopleural area without an expanded acropleuron, without pits; mesepimeron extending over anterior margin of metapleuron; one mesofurcal pit present. Fore wing marginal vein subequal to stigmal vein in length; uncus elongate. All legs with 5 tarsomeres; protibial spur stout and curved. Metasoma with syntergum, therefore without epipygium.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Rivasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rivasia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Rivasia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is usually the sister group of fellow
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">incertae sedis</emphasis>
taxon
<taxonomicName family="Asaphidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Asaphesinae">Asaphesinae</taxonomicName>
in molecular analyses (Cruaud et al., submitted), although the two groups share few distinctive features morphologically. Instead,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Rivasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rivasia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Rivasia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
more strongly resembles the subfamily
<taxonomicName family="Pirenidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Micradelinae">Micradelinae</taxonomicName>
, though never forming a clade with it.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Rivasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rivasia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Rivasia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares no particularly distinctive features with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1833" family="Pteromalidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ormocerinae">Ormocerinae</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" family="Pteromalidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="family">Pteromalidae</taxonomicName>
) nor any former part of it, differing from them in numerous features listed in the diagnosis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName family="Pirenidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Micradelinae">Micradelinae</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Rivasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rivasia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Rivasia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a shorter, transverse pronotum and brownish coloration, in contrast with the longer pronotum and metallic coloration of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Rivasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rivasia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Rivasia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName family="Asaphidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Asaphesinae">Asaphesinae</taxonomicName>
differ from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Askew &amp; Nieves-Aldrey incertae sedis new placement" authorityYear="2005" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Rivasia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rivasia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Rivasia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a number of features, including the presence of 8 flagellomeres instead of 12, the lack of an occipital carina, and from extant species in the lack of pits on the mesopleural area.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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