267 lines
31 KiB
XML
267 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="6F372665511FE55D0C678EAF3C7A95C0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-ZooBank="8D917062-2FC8-4EE9-83A0-FDDCB6A08F45" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629822322212" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Goodwin, Claire & Brickle, Paul" docDate="2012" docId="03C8879CFFB2FFE8B1A4F8C5979E367A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03542p048.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3542" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cinachyra barbata Sollas 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFF1FFE4FFB1FFEDB133FFDC93053766" masterDocTitle="Sponge biodiversity of South Georgia island with descriptions of fifteen new species" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1699116903084" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="36CAA41FB23BF62818364EB9D7F091D3">
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<mods:title id="8EF2842DACA90EA558290ACE5035E278">Sponge biodiversity of South Georgia island with descriptions of fifteen new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="92DBBDF05A7D45F73B5BF0A07EF40967" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FF36A66C3E2F8CE71DC5845A0D184858">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2285931B8B613B8B4187344A1551FA4F">Goodwin, Claire</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7A14A1BDDF1AEF7BE07BB2FE2DA79E04">National Museums Northern Ireland, 153 Bangor Road, Cultra, Holywood, County Down, BT 18 0 EU & Shallow Marine Surveys Group, PO Box 598, Stanley, FIQQ 1 ZZ, Falkland Islands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5D132D14A7A56B3879C43F8D942CF269">Brickle, Paul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="74AFB4B6F16704F183EB9ACFDB492612">Shallow Marine Surveys Group, PO Box 598, Stanley, FIQQ 1 ZZ, Falkland Islands & South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, PO Box 609, Stanley, FIQQ 122, Falkland Islands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="18871F3ACA9CCC823F0D266CACE3E2CD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="44461DBA23092F80CD1CD003D2509C3C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="750823E525D4FD11B5F85860CC7EE664">
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<mods:date id="2A4FE29532CB790E8003A6928DA3C175">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6580F3D331063D378E9A711EA88A6FE1">2012-11-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4DBA7C9998C8DC0550C4776BBBD8DA48">3542</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="6CAA11A89A9B5B237C4E762C67C65292" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C8879CFFB2FFE8B1A4F8C5979E367A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C8879CFFB2FFE8B1A4F8C5979E367A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C8879CFFB2FFE8B1A4F8C5979E367A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="C37B6501FFB2FFEEB1A4F8C591113054" box="[151,532,1816,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB2FFEEB1A4F8C591113054" blockId="3.[151,532,1816,1875]" box="[151,532,1816,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<heading id="D09681E6FFB2FFEEB1A4F8C591113054" bold="true" box="[151,532,1816,1843]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB2FFEEB1A4F8C591113054" ID-CoL="VCNF" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,532,1816,1843]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="barbata">
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<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB2FFEEB1A4F8C591113054" bold="true" box="[151,532,1816,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB2FFEEB1A4F8C5927C3055" bold="true" box="[151,377,1817,1843]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cinachyra barbata</emphasis>
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Sollas, 1886
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37B6501FFB2FFEEB1A4F8E7913030D9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB2FFEEB1A4F8E792023035" blockId="3.[151,532,1816,1875]" box="[151,263,1851,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135A2A0FFFB2FFEEB1ADF8E793FA3035" box="[158,255,1851,1875]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,805,828]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetId="figure-492@4.[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cinachyra barbata Sollas, 1886 a) External appearance, scale bar 10cm; b) Cortical skeleton showing radiating bundles of large oxea and confused cortical oxea, scale bar 500µm; c) spicule bundles protruding through ectosome with ends of protriaenes visible., scale bar 500µm; d) sigmaspire, scale bar 10µm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB2FFEEB1A4F85F913030D9" blockId="3.[151,945,1923,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Synonymy:
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB2FFEEB02BF858917A30FD" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[280,639,1923,1948]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinochyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="barbata">
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<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB2FFEEB02BF85892E830FA" box="[280,493,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cinochyra barbata</emphasis>
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Sollas, 1886
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</taxonomicName>
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(misspelling of the genus).
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB2FFEEB1F4F874913430D9" authority="Sollas, 1888" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[199,561,1959,1984]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="barbata">
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<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB2FFEEB1F4F874929830A6" box="[199,413,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cinachyra barbata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B7BFFB2FFEEB097F87B913430D9" author="Sollas, W. J." box="[420,561,1959,1983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 458" refId="ref31675" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 25, 1 - 458." type="journal article" year="1888">Sollas, 1888</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF1E6602FFB5FFE9B1A4FCF99069341E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[151,250,805,828]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,784]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1A4FCF99069341E" blockId="4.[151,1436,805,888]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1A4FCF99211345A" bold="true" box="[151,276,805,828]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B02FFCF9917F345D" authority="Sollas, 1886 a" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[284,634,805,827]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="barbata">
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<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B02FFCF992DA345D" box="[284,479,805,827]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinachyra barbata</emphasis>
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Sollas, 1886 a
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</taxonomicName>
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) External appearance, scale bar 10cm; b) Cortical skeleton showing radiating bundles of large oxea and confused cortical oxea, scale bar 500µm; c) spicule bundles protruding through ectosome with ends of protriaenes visible., scale bar 500µm; d) sigmaspire, scale bar 10µm.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37B6501FFB5FFE9B1F4FC7993F931BE" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4FC799120336E" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4FC79923134D8" bold="true" box="[199,308,933,958]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B093CD7FFB5FFE9B008FC799125336E" collectingDate="2010-11-18" collectionCode="BELUM" collectorName="C. Goodwin & J. Brown" country="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" county="Morraine Fjord" elevation="15" latitude="-54.31333" location="All" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-36.493332" municipality="Mc" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="1">
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<location id="8EBE6051FFB5FFE9B008FC79925A34DB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C8879CFFB2FFE8B1A4F8C5979E367A:8EBE6051FFB5FFE9B008FC79925A34DB" box="[315,351,933,957]" country="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" county="Morraine Fjord" latitude="-54.31333" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-36.493332" municipality="Mc" name="All" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">All</location>
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samples in 95% ethanol, tissue section and spicule preparation on slides.
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||
<collectionCode id="ED70AE4FFFB5FFE9B5F8FC7A962834DB" box="[1227,1325,934,957]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2x42-q9ch" name="Ulster Museum, Belfast" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">BELUM</collectionCode>
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBAACF0FFB5FFE9B40BFC79965A34DB" box="[1336,1375,933,957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Mc</collectingMunicipality>
|
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7577.
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||
<collectingCounty id="62BF4E06FFB5FFE9B1A4FC1592423487" box="[151,327,969,993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Morraine Fjord</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F376761AFFB5FFE9B067FC1592FC3487" box="[340,505,969,993]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">South Georgia</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE55504DFFB5FFE9B33AFC1591A53487" box="[521,672,969,993]" degrees="54" direction="south" minutes="18.800" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="-54.31333">54º 18.800´S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE55504DFFB5FFE9B39DFC1590543487" box="[686,849,969,993]" degrees="36" direction="west" minutes="29.600" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="-36.493332">36º 29.600´W</geoCoordinate>
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||
); depth range:
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||
<quantity id="4C999B6FFFB5FFE9B2CFFC1597753487" box="[1020,1136,969,993]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.525" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="15.25" valueMax="17.5" valueMin="13.0">
|
||
<elevation id="004CD1B9FFB5FFE9B2CFFC1597753487" box="[1020,1136,969,993]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.525" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="15.25" valueMax="17.5" valueMin="13.0">13–17.5m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
; collected by
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||
<collectorName id="2694535CFFB5FFE9B422FC15969E3487" box="[1297,1435,969,993]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. Goodwin</collectorName>
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||
and
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<collectorName id="2694535CFFB5FFE9B1F5FC2D922B336E" box="[198,302,1009,1032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">J. Brown</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<date id="FFDF104AFFB5FFE9B00AFC2C9125336E" box="[313,544,1005,1032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2010-11-18">
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||
<collectingDate id="EF9BE9A2FFB5FFE9B00AFC2C9125336E" box="[313,544,1005,1032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2010-11-18">
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||
18
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||
<superScript id="7C149BC2FFB5FFE9B066FC319264349D" attach="left" box="[341,353,1005,1019]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">th</superScript>
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November 2010
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||
</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4FBCF92813336" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4FBCF9147334A" bold="true" box="[199,578,1043,1068]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Comparative material examined:</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED70AE4FFFB5FFE9B37AFBC89198334D" box="[585,669,1044,1067]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">BMNH</collectionCode>
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1908.2.5.52
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<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B206FBC89775334A" authority="(Sollas)" baseAuthorityName="Sollas" box="[821,1136,1044,1068]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="barbata">
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<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B206FBC8970B334A" box="[821,1038,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinachyra barbata</emphasis>
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(Sollas)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Antarctic expedition root tuft. Dried specimen.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4FB8092C733FE" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED70AE4FFFB5FFE9B1F4FB80921E3315" box="[199,283,1116,1139]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">BMNH</collectionCode>
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||
08.2.5.212 and 213.
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B32BFB80905D3312" authority="(Sollas)" baseAuthorityName="Sollas" box="[536,856,1116,1140]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="barbata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B32BFB8091F63312" box="[536,755,1116,1140]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinachyra barbata</emphasis>
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||
(Sollas)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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. National Antarctic Expedition, Hut point, winter quarters. Dried specimens.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4FB7F91CC3262" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
External morphology:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B0FDFB79900B33DA" authority=": Massive" authorityName="Massive" box="[462,782,1188,1212]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Iophon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="subSpecies" species="situ" subSpecies="appearance">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B0FDFB7991AC33DA" box="[462,681,1189,1212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">In situ appearance:</emphasis>
|
||
Massive
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
globular sponge
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||
<quantity id="4C999B6FFFB5FFE9B2E2FB78970A33DA" box="[977,1039,1188,1212]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="25.0">25cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Exterior heavily silted and hispid with numerous circular pore fields (porocalicies), up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C999B6FFFB5FFE9B2ABFB1490CD3386" box="[920,968,1224,1248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="1.0">1cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, fringed by rings of spicules which protrude far beyond the ectosome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A0FFFB5FFE9B359FB3091B93262" box="[618,700,1260,1284]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,805,828]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetId="figure-492@4.[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cinachyra barbata Sollas, 1886 a) External appearance, scale bar 10cm; b) Cortical skeleton showing radiating bundles of large oxea and confused cortical oxea, scale bar 500µm; c) spicule bundles protruding through ectosome with ends of protriaenes visible., scale bar 500µm; d) sigmaspire, scale bar 10µm." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4FACC97EB322A" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4FACC92DC324E" bold="true" box="[199,473,1296,1320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Preserved appearance:</emphasis>
|
||
Transverse slice of sponge. Robust, uncompressible with grey choanosome and white cortex
|
||
<quantity id="4C999B6FFFB5FFE9B1D7FAE89218322A" box="[228,285,1332,1356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="5.0">5mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Fringe of brown spicules mostly ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C999B6FFFB5FFE9B203FAE89065322A" box="[816,864,1332,1356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="1.0">1cm</quantity>
|
||
in length but some tufts up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C999B6FFFB5FFE9B585FAE897EF322A" box="[1206,1258,1332,1356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="3.0">3cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4FA84968F32BA" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4FA8492363217" bold="true" box="[199,307,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Skeleton:</emphasis>
|
||
The globular part has a radiate skeleton with bundles of long oxeas radiating out towards the periphery (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A0FFFB5FFE9B022FAA0926032F2" box="[273,357,1404,1428]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,805,828]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetId="figure-492@4.[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cinachyra barbata Sollas, 1886 a) External appearance, scale bar 10cm; b) Cortical skeleton showing radiating bundles of large oxea and confused cortical oxea, scale bar 500µm; c) spicule bundles protruding through ectosome with ends of protriaenes visible., scale bar 500µm; d) sigmaspire, scale bar 10µm." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
|
||
), the peripheral bundles consist of oxeas and protrianenes, the latter protrude beyond the surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A0FFFB5FFE9B1ACFA7C93F732DE" box="[159,242,1440,1464]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,805,828]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetId="figure-492@4.[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cinachyra barbata Sollas, 1886 a) External appearance, scale bar 10cm; b) Cortical skeleton showing radiating bundles of large oxea and confused cortical oxea, scale bar 500µm; c) spicule bundles protruding through ectosome with ends of protriaenes visible., scale bar 500µm; d) sigmaspire, scale bar 10µm." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
|
||
). The cortex is reinforced by cortical oxeas, strewn at all angles, and sigmaspire microscleres. Anatriaenes only occur in the basal mass where they function as anchoring spicules, this was not sampled with this specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4FA3497583166" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" box="[199,1117,1511,1537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4FA3491243166" bold="true" box="[199,545,1511,1537]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4FA3492353167" bold="true" box="[199,304,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Spicules:</emphasis>
|
||
Choanosomal oxea:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
up to 8000µm, sharply pointed, straight or curved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4F9D09763312E" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4F9D0925F3143" bold="true" box="[199,346,1548,1573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Protriaenes:</emphasis>
|
||
In two distinct categories; up to 13,000 by 30µm with cladi up to 180 by 16µm and smaller hair like 130 by 4µm with cladi 16–30µm (measurements from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B7BFFB5FFE9B21DF9ED975F312E" author="van Soest, R. W. & Rutzler, K." box="[814,1114,1584,1608]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="85 - 98" refId="ref31326" refString="van Soest, R. W. M & Rutzler, K. (2002) Family Tetillidae Sollas, 1886. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest R. W. M. (Eds), Systema Porifera: a guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 85 - 98." type="book chapter" year="2002">van Soest & Rützler, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4F9889742310A" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" box="[199,1095,1620,1645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4F988926A310A" bold="true" box="[199,367,1620,1645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cortical oxea:</emphasis>
|
||
587 (742) 897 by 26.7 (41.2) 58.5µm, fusiform, bluntly pointed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4F9AB91A631F6" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" box="[199,675,1655,1680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4F9AB926531F6" bold="true" box="[199,352,1655,1680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Sigmaspires:</emphasis>
|
||
8.7 (10.2) 12.6µm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135A2A0FFFB5FFE9B371F9A4919331F6" box="[578,662,1656,1680]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,805,828]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetId="figure-492@4.[151,1436,193,784]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cinachyra barbata Sollas, 1886 a) External appearance, scale bar 10cm; b) Cortical skeleton showing radiating bundles of large oxea and confused cortical oxea, scale bar 500µm; c) spicule bundles protruding through ectosome with ends of protriaenes visible., scale bar 500µm; d) sigmaspire, scale bar 10µm." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F4F94093F931BE" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F4F940925D31D3" bold="true" box="[199,344,1692,1717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Anatriaenes</emphasis>
|
||
(up to 40,000 by 24µm) are present in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DA8828FFB5FFE9B276F941907031D3" box="[837,885,1693,1717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
|
||
but not recorded here as the basal mass was not sampled.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37B6501FFB5FFE9B1F5F938963C30B2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB5FFE9B1F5F938963C30B2" blockId="4.[151,1436,933,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1F5F9389230319B" bold="true" box="[198,309,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The presence of porocalicies (pore bearing pits) and a cortical region reinforced with short oxeas assign this specimen to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B0FBF8D491D43046" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[456,721,1800,1824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B0FBF8D491393046" box="[456,572,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinachyra</emphasis>
|
||
Sollas, 1886
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There are three valid species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B51CF8D4969D3046" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[1071,1432,1800,1824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="barbata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B51CF8D496063046" box="[1071,1283,1800,1824]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinachyra barbata</emphasis>
|
||
Sollas, 1886
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B1A4F8F091223022" authority="(Carter, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[151,551,1836,1860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B1A4F8F092873022" box="[151,386,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinachyra antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B7BFFB5FFE9B0A1F8F0911B3022" author="Carter, H. J." box="[402,542,1836,1860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="409 - 435" refId="ref28452" refString="Carter, H. J. (1872) On two new Sponges from the Antarctic Sea, and on a new Species of Tethya from Shetland; together with Observations on the Reproduction of Sponges commencing from Zygosis of the Sponge animal. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 9, 409 - 435." type="journal article" year="1872">Carter, 1872</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B36CF8F097753022" authority="Rodriguez and Muricy, 2007" authorityName="Rodriguez and Muricy" authorityYear="2007" box="[607,1136,1836,1860]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="helena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B36CF8F090203022" box="[607,805,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinachyra helena</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B7BFFB5FFE9B21EF8F097753022" author="Rodriguez, P. R. D. & Muricy, G." box="[813,1136,1836,1860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="547 - 553" refId="ref30930" refString="Rodriguez, P. R. D. & Muricy, G. (2007) A new species of Cinachyra (Demospongiae: Tetillidae) collected by Project REVIZEE off Espirito Santo State, SE Brazil. In: Custodio, M., Lobo - Hajdu, G., Hajdu, E. & Muricy, G. (Eds), Porifera Research: Biodiversity, Innovation and Sustainability. Serie Livros 28. Rio de Janeiro: Universidad Nacional de Rio de Janeiro, pp. 547 - 553." type="book chapter" year="2007">Rodriguez and Muricy, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the two former have been recorded in the Antarctic but the latter is only currently known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F376761AFFB5FFE9B28EF88C9706300E" box="[957,1027,1872,1896]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The size of the cortical oxeas and sigmaspires and the external form in our specimen are a good match for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B2FFF8A8979A30EA" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[972,1183,1908,1932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="barbata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B2FFF8A8979A30EA" box="[972,1183,1908,1932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cinachyra barbata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it was too difficult to extract and measure the larger spicules but in any case measurements given in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DA8828FFB5FFE9B521F845974430D7" box="[1042,1089,1945,1969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
|
||
description are not very precise and unlikely to aid diagnosis.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B0EDF860915030B2" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[478,597,1980,2004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="barbata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B0EDF860915030B2" box="[478,597,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. barbata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C614D09FFB5FFE9B2B5F860971030B2" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[902,1045,1980,2004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB5FFE9B2B5F860971030B2" box="[902,1045,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C. antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its lack of sigmaspires.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37B6501FFB4FFE8B1F4FF4B979E367A" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDE368AFFB4FFE8B1F4FF4B979E367A" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B915EA98FFB4FFE8B1F4FF4B925937D6" bold="true" box="[199,348,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
This species was originally described from Balfour Bay, Kerguelen (from more than
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D67FD03FFB4FFE8B4B3FF4B93FE37B2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">60 syntypes</specimenCount>
|
||
) and is found on sediment rich bottoms from
|
||
<quantity id="4C999B6FFFB4FFE8B224FF60908E37B5" box="[791,907,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.835" metricValueMax="5.49" metricValueMin="0.18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="283.5" valueMax="549.0" valueMin="18.0">18–549 m</quantity>
|
||
on Antarctic shores: Wilheim II Coast, Budd Coast, Victoria Land, South Shetlands, Lars Christensen, McMurdo Sound (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B7BFFB4FFE8B2C0FF0397803791" author="Burton, M." box="[1011,1157,223,247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="393 - 458" refId="ref28052" refString="Burton, M. (1929) British Antarctic (' Terra Nova') Expedition, 1910. Natural History Report. Porifera: Part II: Antarctic Sponges. Zoology, 6, 393 - 458." type="journal article" year="1929">Burton 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B7BFFB4FFE8B5A1FF0396273791" author="Koltun, V. M." box="[1170,1314,223,247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1955 - 1958" refId="ref29786" refString="Koltun, V. M. (1964) Sponges of the Antarctic I. Tetraxonida and Cornacuspongida. In: Pavilovskii, E. P., Andriyashev, A. P. & Ushakov, P. V., (Eds.), Biological reports of the Soviet Antarctic expedition (1955 - 1958). Volume 2. Akademya Nauk SSSR, Moscow, Leningrad, pp. 6 - 133." type="book chapter" year="1964">Koltun 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B7BFFB4FFE8B41CFF3C925F367A" author="van Soest, R. W. & Rutzler, K." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="85 - 98" refId="ref31326" refString="van Soest, R. W. M & Rutzler, K. (2002) Family Tetillidae Sollas, 1886. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & van Soest R. W. M. (Eds), Systema Porifera: a guide to the classification of sponges. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 85 - 98." type="book chapter" year="2002">van Soest and Rützler 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Annenkov Island and Larsen Harbour,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F376761AFFB4FFE8B278FED890E8367A" box="[843,1005,260,284]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">South Georgia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF04B7BFFB4FFE8B2CFFED8978B367A" author="Burton, M." box="[1020,1166,260,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="95 - 121" refId="ref28191" refString="Burton, M. (1940) Las Esponjas marinas del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. (Parte 1). Anales del Museo argentino de ciencias naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia ", 40, 95 - 121." type="journal article" year="1940">Burton 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |