337 lines
38 KiB
XML
337 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="21693" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.151.51909" ID-GBIF-Dataset="185fc6f3-e76d-42ef-911f-ad0e5cdd2315" ID-PMC="PMC7305247" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-151-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="73AED83DDB7D5E8395DB6FC61FA3502A" ID-PubMed="32587460" ModsDocID="1314-2003-151-1" checkinTime="1592065774662" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wege, Juliet A." docDate="2020" docId="E70F2DA6AE5252F88CFE924F057A163C" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 151: 1-47" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 151" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.151.51909" docTitle="Levenhookia sonderi F. Muell., Fragm. 1 (1): 18. 1858" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="73AED83DDB7D5E8395DB6FC61FA3502A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="73AED83DDB7D5E8395DB6FC61FA3502A" masterDocTitle="Styleworts under the microscope: a taxonomic account of Levenhookia (Stylidiaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732741154041" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="0B19361FB9FBB5A09A818E0D1D83B462" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6D91E30355591FB8B12E6FB79673AA10">
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<mods:title id="244F0E6124010CBD09C5F5A0E716E7D0">Styleworts under the microscope: a taxonomic account of Levenhookia (Stylidiaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8986E1FD814FC745FB630567541366D0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="875E976C555DEFA388681AD24B77565B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C720DBD5F207D67C171F3C0B991F1FBC">Wege, Juliet A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F2ED61FEE61C8E4295E6BE41F0A7B05">Western Australian Herbarium, Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, 17 Dick Perry Ave Kensington, Western Australia 6151, Perth, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0A527EDA2E5499D0905040ACFE11788C" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7312-3840</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6EE65261D87F7BBE69518135F602C7CB" type="email">juliet.wege@dbca.wa.gov.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="608B0DFF05FEF6AE71D3FB41D9D5BE43">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E9C2C9DCA178CD1E106272A1F31A338E">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="40B3ED54C1113048B32ECFD2541BF9C4">
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<mods:date id="A8A5262AFDF851FF8137318AFFF77C85">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="EA10422078F58FE6EDA15FB4027D1272" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0490CF644E0435FFC52EA2325B3E4E1B">151</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BE3C43F21A975B442F14206BFF139EFC">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0FAF638B0FDB356D649FC3C86820E85F">47</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="7D277356D969AF16F5BC7451EB05E42D">
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<mods:url id="26A1199C6DFD7EA80761E1101E3387B8">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.151.51909</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="D6F37D38AEC32AB4E7CE5010B6F15C1A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C29CAC6B33EA8768EA640C2AD4CCA835" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.151.51909</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2DC9953087F4E9F4E2D1099AE4C478BA" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-151-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E70F2DA6AE5252F88CFE924F057A163C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164596946" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E70F2DA6AE5252F88CFE924F057A163C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E70F2DA6AE5252F88CFE924F057A163C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Stylidiaceae">
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<subSubSection id="F54AF133E50EED970A3AD0B30DFF946B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0D6679A281E912B8C9B1A17EC0744645" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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3.
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<taxonomicName id="3C7679E762DB1B7E5FB2B251DC232B39" ID-CoL="6PVHN" LSID="E70F2DA6-AE52-52F8-8CFE-924F057A163C" authority="(F. Muell.) F. Muell., Fragm. 1 (1): 18. 1858, as Leeuvenhookia" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Levenhookia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Levenhookia sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">Levenhookia sonderi (F.Muell.) F.Muell., Fragm. 1(1): 18. 1858, as Leeuvenhookia</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="8087748124DD50ECC48BD247350711AF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Comparative distributions and floral morphologies A, B Levenhookia pusilla, with a disjunct distribution in Western Australia and South Australia and a dense inflorescence of pint-sized flowers (unvouchered, Mt Clarence, Albany, Western Australia) C, D L. murfetii, a Western Australian endemic with discrete markings at the base of the corolla lobes (J. A. Wege 1829) E, F L. sonderi, a rarity from South Australia and Victoria with red-purple markings on the labellum that are especially prominent in pressed material (unvouchered, from near St Andrews, Victoria). Photos by J. A. Wege (B), K. R. Thiele (D) and C. Lindorff (F). Scale bar on maps 1000 km." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.151.51909.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420775" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AB34F3C780671DF5158E3A90F0B739E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D146B876479608DE69B1646801485AB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="625F1800E8CB04EADDEB89C1A953A556" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Coleostylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleostylis sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">Coleostylis sonderi</taxonomicName>
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F.Muell., Second systematic index of the plants of Victoria. Victoria, Parliamentary Paper no. A 18: 13. 1854,
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<emphasis id="4B1E572310688CDE3C2EF4698F9D5CA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">nom. nud.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4ACE32F402B7FD06D43F3B59001C6259" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="1A4FDC6CF1D480D39879C242F44304CC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Coleostylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleostylis sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">Coleostylis sonderi</taxonomicName>
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F.Muell., Definitions of rare or hitherto undescribed Australian plants 13. 1855 [see O. Seberg, Taxon 35: 267 (1986) for publication date].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D998D0C9823C2117FDAA874DD9D4950C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="48D1CF242778A77709F618FC6402C12F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Coleostylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleostylis sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">Coleostylis sonderi</taxonomicName>
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F.Muell., Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1: 46. 1855, isonym.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D77FD42B8838A5AAFD4BE593CD5A1619" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D34A95CF75BBC0CE685DB43F31D7E9D6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Leewenhoekia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leewenhoekia sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">Leewenhoekia sonderi</taxonomicName>
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, orth. var.: F. von Mueller, Syst. Census Austral. Pl.: 86. 1882.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D5B1CE29234CA75316CDAEE8323B1C94" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="BFBA53DC81CF91B1D27897203EE6F07D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Levenhookia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Levenhookia dubia var. sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="dubia" variety="sonderi">Levenhookia dubia var. sonderi</taxonomicName>
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(F.Muell.) Mildbr. in H.G.A. Engler, Pflanzenr. 35: 27. 1908.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3F92422E93B2B1C488469D129BEF27D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2C75E322BE8CA4A38F3E0ADBA353C8C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EB355F6FB7F03F15B3B6C95EA4950A97" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="080C4882853AC00D67D9C9A3257D11A3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Australia. Victoria</emphasis>
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: Violet Creek,
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<emphasis id="DFD2B995A81C9B81BB3F71FE885C8A2B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. Wilhelmi s.n.</emphasis>
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(lectotype, here designated: MEL 1617988 [the individual mounted on the sheet together with those in the large, cream, rectangular packet annotated "
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<taxonomicName id="E4346518680EEF6E606AE7E547E48AF5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Levenhookia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Levenhookia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Levenhookia</taxonomicName>
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Sonderi,
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<normalizedToken id="3FACE28634799360004805BBCA7F9CE3" originalValue="Mueller’s”">Mueller's"</normalizedToken>
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]; isolectotypes: K 000060054, MEL 1617989, MEL 2256398, TDC [3 individuals on right]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="299F85F6C565EB79077E4A02CFAE7123" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="722D024A6371893BA7939F5F62541D1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DDC39FD1B6887FC0540EEC97F2E9D1D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Annual herb 1-10 cm high. Glandular hairs 0.1-0.7 mm long. Stem pale, green, straw brown or more rarely reddish brown, simple or occasionally with porrect lateral branches, sparsely glandular-hairy. Leaves cauline, scattered, pale green; lamina ovate or orbicular, 1-8 mm long including the petiole, 1-4.5 mm wide, subacute or obtuse, sparsely glandular-hairy abaxially and on the margins. Flowers usually in corymbs or umbels, sometimes in short racemes, 1-ca. 23 per plant; bracts with an ovate or lanceolate lamina, 1-7 mm long including the petiole, glandular-hairy like the leaves; pedicels 0.5-10 mm long, sparsely glandular-hairy. Hypanthium globose, ovoid or ellipsoid, 0.7-2 mm long, 0.7-2 mm wide, with glandular hairs throughout and sparse eglandular hairs 0.4-0.8 mm long distally. Calyx lobes unequal (with the anterior pair longer than the rest), 0.7-1.7 mm long, obtuse or subacute, sparsely glandular-hairy. Corolla white with a yellowish green throat; lobes
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<normalizedToken id="F5A44F6D198793F275240D8D8B766A07" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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evenly arranged or with the upper (posterior) ones
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<normalizedToken id="74F6293E6783B8FE4E7729B988734E4D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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paired vertically, rounded or scarcely retuse, sparsely glandular-hairy abaxially; anterior lobes obovate, slightly longer and broader than the posterior pair, ca. 1.2-1.3 mm long, 0.8-0.9 mm wide; posterior lobes elliptic or obovate, ca. 0.7-1 mm long, 0.7-0.8 mm wide; tube yellowish green, 0.8-1.3 mm long, shorter than the longest calyx lobes, sparsely glandular-hairy distally. Labellum ventral, 0.8-1.2 mm long including a ca. 0.2 mm claw; hood dark red-purple, with sparse glandular hairs abaxially, lacking an appendage at the cleft apex; basal appendages white, linear-subulate, 0.3-0.4 mm long. Column sheath yellowish green, glabrous, to 0.3 mm high and irregularly lobed on anterior side, scarcely visible on posterior side, pendulous appendages absent. Column white, seemingly adnate to the anterior side of the corolla tube, 1.8-2.5 mm long with the top ca. 1 mm free, distally angled toward the labellum, glabrous; stigmatic lobes to ca. 0.5 mm long, apparently developing while the column is hooded, erect to scarcely incurved. Capsule globose, ovoid or ellipsoid, 2-3.5 mm long excluding calyx lobes. Seeds 0.6-1 mm long, 0.5-0.6 mm wide.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="46E183B9580858FEE63B72CEB0FA4DA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnostic features">
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<paragraph id="9D11DDACEBB0C547303BE017837EB5BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic features.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2F2B686765B69F33766B2E5C07CE7234" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="8DC25F3F431C61969308E44A4A9D4FD3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Levenhookia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Levenhookia sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">
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<emphasis id="D5917218D91373D866AB9C3BF764985D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Levenhookia sonderi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a pale, sparsely glandular-hairy stem, leaves with an ovate or orbicular lamina, glandular and eglandular hairs on the hypanthium, unequal calyx lobes with obtuse to subacute apices, and a red-purple labellum (appearing very dark on pressed material) with white, linear-subulate basal appendages. Its seeds are the largest in the genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ECB6F03B4EBD73B37A38D4EFDB68DE19" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
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<paragraph id="B4506AB4A5C9E34E06877A404F475832" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A86528310B04CBDDA08305A98351936A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering September-December; fruiting October-December.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="69212E8747EB7D95CDC4F3B0099F33C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="5F5217C488BBAC54D0A4C4FFAB67CD0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B28C914E1BF40B654245AB0605B54669" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="AA83B8729382D05D3BD4939538949B0F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Levenhookia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Levenhookia sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">
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<emphasis id="5A618245BD4582BC82CC62540F4D8F41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Levenhookia sonderi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is endemic to South Australia and Victoria (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="D13396942E796CC00AAB63C40D7C9B87" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Comparative distributions and floral morphologies A, B Levenhookia pusilla, with a disjunct distribution in Western Australia and South Australia and a dense inflorescence of pint-sized flowers (unvouchered, Mt Clarence, Albany, Western Australia) C, D L. murfetii, a Western Australian endemic with discrete markings at the base of the corolla lobes (J. A. Wege 1829) E, F L. sonderi, a rarity from South Australia and Victoria with red-purple markings on the labellum that are especially prominent in pressed material (unvouchered, from near St Andrews, Victoria). Photos by J. A. Wege (B), K. R. Thiele (D) and C. Lindorff (F). Scale bar on maps 1000 km." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.151.51909.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/420775" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3E</figureCitation>
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), where it is has been recorded from the Naracoote Coastal Plain, Southern Volcanic Plain, Victorian Midlands and South Eastern Highlands bioregions, extending from Reedy Creek (South Australia) in the west to the Dandenong Ranges (Victoria) in the east.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="729CBF884C3CCF329B06BF62B16A867A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph id="83EC60BE1D7D73CA6BB34863CBE83184" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7C8A065B15539945EE45DCE22B8B9B57" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This species grows in damp sandy loam or clayey sand on hill-slopes or more commonly in lowland areas, including near the margins of swamps. It favours open patches or lightly-disturbed areas in open woodland with
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<taxonomicName id="C71B45732A672D6F724BDD1CF435C449" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus camaldulensis" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camaldulensis">
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<emphasis id="D58FD1DFFC6421300E0234F37956F99E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eucalyptus camaldulensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8E4C7399CE9DD5950018D80D8C4313AC" lsidName="E. macrorhynca" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="macrorhynca">
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<emphasis id="3E68828B9E7FCE3B5250851F46348276" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. macrorhynca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4040929BBCB52E519BACD5DF882F706F" lsidName="E. polyanthemos" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="polyanthemos">
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<emphasis id="67D582E1FCAE4EC44FB75BAB6F1D0EF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. polyanthemos</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="D0EC46C9B7B7AC88DF5080B962F57BA0" lsidName="E. goniocalyx" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="goniocalyx">
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<emphasis id="C2F1884346F0ED2D9CF8E0F6579D5D67" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E. goniocalyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, or near stands of
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<taxonomicName id="534B919FFECA32621B9A6657DE028139" authorityName="Druce" authorityYear="1917" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Kunzea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kunzea phylicoides" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phylicoides">
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<emphasis id="FEBD97698E0F531D847A9C37FD95F3D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Kunzea phylicoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and grows in association with other diminutive herbs including
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<taxonomicName id="D5811840EB29BB5493B1EC244C459ACE" lsidName="L. dubia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dubia">
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<emphasis id="4A001D9B9D54264F424CA6547C0D7F92" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dubia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="F5FE2EEF6F15D526028A5852CE456F33" authorityName="J. H. Willis" authorityYear="1967" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Stylidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stylidium beaugleholei" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="beaugleholei">
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<emphasis id="2E2E2EEA953BD2576B2351BD5F063179" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stylidium beaugleholei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B19C2987F5C46602E92F6FF9FF2E0F26" lsidName="S. despectum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="despectum">
|
||
<emphasis id="8347696BC71FFF70FC60C749484A977D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. despectum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EAC770F924583F7C25FD2A2D92E86EFB" lsidName="S. perpusillum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="perpusillum">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCB7FD6E51F43644950E180B654472FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. perpusillum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CF3B5ABEFFF130B657E9442F35CA0C39" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph id="2997DDC2FBCEFE9A54EAF8186525FD46" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C302FC9505AE01901091C23A00A3A77A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFC302D3E54857AEF65CB6D623F582B4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Levenhookia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Levenhookia sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1768A0B56916F20C5097215D53C10502" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Levenhookia sonderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is listed as Rare in Victoria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3CD734C4F824C7C7EA376BC7A419E9E3" author="Department of Environment and Primary Industries, Victoria" journalOrPublisher="Aliso" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.environment.vic" refId="B7" refString="Department of Environment and Primary Industries, Victoria, 2014. Advisory list of rare or threatened plants in Victoria - 2014. https://www.environment.vic" title="Advisory list of rare or threatened plants in Victoria - 2014." url="https://www.environment.vic" year="2014">Department of Environment and Primary Industries, Victoria 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Vulnerable (Schedule 8) in South Australia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6B5400153FD6EDE06485B6EC6CF29AA2" author="Government of South Australia" journalOrPublisher="Four Gables Press, Kardinya, Western Australia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://www.legislation.sa.gov.au/LZ/C/A/NATIONAL%20PARKS%20AND%20WILDLIFE%20ACT%201972.aspx" refId="B15" refString="Government of South Australia, 2018. National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. Version: 4.10.2018. https://www.legislation.sa.gov.au/LZ/C/A/NATIONAL%20PARKS%20AND%20WILDLIFE%20ACT%201972.aspx" title="National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. Version: 4.10.2018." url="https://www.legislation.sa.gov.au/LZ/C/A/NATIONAL%20PARKS%20AND%20WILDLIFE%20ACT%201972.aspx" year="2018">Government of South Australia 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and may warrant listing at the national level under the
|
||
<emphasis id="24D5B8F4E741F6636D71B9CF6C5715C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999</emphasis>
|
||
. Populations of this species are isolated and appear highly localised, with the reproductive capacity of some individuals from locations in South Australia and Victoria impacted by a species of smut (see notes below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3BA5D369F91DC33EC00905DAF350C4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="75CA4F5265F36664403412218259FE6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="57E6820D17D26797B6374D01DAD18754" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Honours German apothecary and botanist Otto Wilhelm Sonder (1812-1881), who described a suite of new taxa as part of his account of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0D1DFA67480278BAA339A14ED54BC252" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Stylidiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="4F869A9FDF98B5EB295D73B5E5E9BB27" originalValue="Lehmann’s">Lehmann's</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis id="E9403AFB1BC1C6007D0CEEE4CE98292F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DE4B1EA621866F81A4F91E2ACF5A329E" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="kingdom">Plantae</taxonomicName>
|
||
Preissianae
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E578961C9E6B3683FBF52538C728EA4D" author="Sonder, OG" editor="Lehmann, C" journalOrPublisher="Meissneri, Hamburg, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="370 - 393" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/498543" refId="B30" refString="Sonder, OG, 1845. Stylideae. In: Lehmann, C, Ed., PlantaePreissianae 1. Meissneri, Hamburg, Germany: 370 - 393, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/498543" title="Stylideae." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/498543" volumeTitle="PlantaePreissianae 1." year="1845">Sonder 1845</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DE4A6F2AFC65B37995C76F4B2EC5FEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="vernacular name">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD1038645FF918773F0DBBD51FDD8144" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vernacular name.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F51869D99DD4B77FDB8DB76731E5FABF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Slender Stylewort (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="61BC22BD4CD9B0AE3D564389882C4F2C" author="Erickson, R" journalOrPublisher="Paterson Brokensha, Perth" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B10" refString="Erickson, R, 1958. Triggerplants. Paterson Brokensha, Perth" title="Triggerplants." year="1958">Erickson 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="73ACACF60CAB4EB1FDA1E53C8FF78D9E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="typification">
|
||
<paragraph id="A45D099D08A6BC473F6FE8A242071460" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Typification.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6B5F5414C8524C6037C621FCDC362363" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
MEL 1617988, which is annotated by Mueller and was viewed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="684415139D973BA3527E92C4D17623D0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.141" author="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="F. Beck, Vienna" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B4" refString="Bentham, G, 1868. Stylidieae. Flora Australiensis (Vol. 4). Reeve & Co., London. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.141" title="Stylidieae. Flora Australiensis (Vol. 4). Reeve & Co., London." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.141" year="1868">Bentham (1868)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<emphasis id="667C5C4C39F741AB2D003B469A7FD5B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flora Australiensis</emphasis>
|
||
, comprises a mounted individual and an envelope housing five separate packets that represent more than one gathering. The mounted individual and the numerous additional plants in the large, cream, rectangular packet annotated "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD8D4B6282E077F8ED5524449B007D3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Levenhookia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Levenhookia" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Levenhookia</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sonderi,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9F12006E0C2A6E452207B4619AAA0BBA" originalValue="Mueller’s”">Mueller's"</normalizedToken>
|
||
have been selected as an appropriate lectotype. This material is comparable to that of K 000060054, MEL 1617989 and MEL 2256398-they are at the same flowering stage and bear white mycelia, presumably from being poorly dried following their collection-and showcases the distinctive, dark labellum, which Mueller notes on the label ("labellum atropurpureum!"). Material at TCD is also interpreted as being part of this gathering.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="759858300DEC2ECB8B342763517546F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The remaining material on MEL 1617988 is not treated herein as type material. There is a blue, rectangular packet annotated "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09C649BB45861F81F8FF96D8A9F8B433" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Coleostylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coleostylis sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">Coleostylis sonderi</taxonomicName>
|
||
Portland" that contains a single flowering plant, which Mueller may have separated from MEL 2256407 to send to Bentham. There is a smaller blue packet annotated "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="62F5A4EA8B2C725F4B5E0B15B15EC20A" class="Arachnida" family="Leeuwenhoekiidae" genus="Leeuwenhoekia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leeuwenhoekia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leeuwenhoekia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CB4AEB7553365D4C749B82B19B2467C" class="Arachnida" family="Leeuwenhoekiidae" genus="Leeuwenhoekia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="sonderi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sonderi">sonderi</taxonomicName>
|
||
" that contains flower fragments, but it is unclear to which gathering they belong. Finally, there are two packets containing seeds and withered corolla fragments that must be from a separate collection to that of the type gathering, which is not in fruit. It is unknown whether these seeds are from the type population or from a different locality or, indeed, two separate localities. It is of note that there are no fruiting specimens at MEL that predate the publication of this species and Mueller did not describe seed in the protologue. Seed is also inexplicably present in the packet attached to
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FBBE16A02B5574AA9BCED52923C80CED" originalValue="Portland’s">Portland's</normalizedToken>
|
||
flowering collection (MEL 2256407).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9A97E9229ED6BAD22840B1A4D82F03D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph id="1A34505BAE1B00062A8BB7629185AB93" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AFCA22B407E84FE52D8695C57AFFB6F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F7714B65E3AD669CC50BB997E9D6246" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Levenhookia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Levenhookia sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7EAB4FC2F85E72A432C46B5414153323" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Levenhookia sonderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most likely to be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0BFB89D234C40AF19A133000F429FF61" lsidName="L. dubia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dubia">
|
||
<emphasis id="15CDF63C87BA1D6601C969A327AC22D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dubia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species with which it can co-occur (there have been mixed collections made of the two (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="AD0073A241AF26B2713AFAABD8BB89D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.J. Van Bockel 195A</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="F7081F120D12319BC544E8579FB0E330" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">195B</emphasis>
|
||
, MEL;
|
||
<emphasis id="97355FB41CA875801365592E11692AEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H.B. Williamson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
, MEL 2256403). Their superficial similarity led
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D371D23BB9A0D05B4D8491E0856D2E63" author="Mildbraed, GWJ" journalOrPublisher="Wilhelm Engelmann, Weinheim" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/20851324" refId="B21" refString="Mildbraed, GWJ, 1908. IV: 278. Stylidiaceae. In: Engler A (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich, heft 35. Wilhelm Engelmann, Weinheim, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/20851324" title="IV: 278. Stylidiaceae. In: Engler A (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich, heft 35." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/20851324" year="1908">Mildbraed (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to treat
|
||
<taxonomicName id="100CC50554B6E2FD2B05739FB11F78AC" lsidName="L. sonderi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sonderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="D16D17044963FF01342A37033AB1256F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. sonderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a variety of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CE75915EC37DB537F0A1472C2415520A" lsidName="L. dubia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dubia">
|
||
<emphasis id="98C9DEABC211B7CC6FE1BFC2B4C44F56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dubia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it was reinstated as a distinct species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B879DD949FFE6695E31CC19DB0034786" author="Erickson, R" journalOrPublisher="Paterson Brokensha, Perth" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B10" refString="Erickson, R, 1958. Triggerplants. Paterson Brokensha, Perth" title="Triggerplants." year="1958">Erickson (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
on account of its dark red-purple labellum hood (cf. cream to yellow or pale pinkish red), green stems (cf. reddish) and shorter corolla tube (0.9-1.3 mm long and shorter than the longest calyx lobes cf. 1.5-3 mm long and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1A2B2019E6E94099BF2341332E0E123D" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
equal to or longer than the calyx lobes). While stem colour cannot be used to reliably separate the two species, labellum colour and corolla tube length are informative and can be observed on pressed material.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="03C73714F4685AFB1B0C29EB192D0FC4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stylidiaceae" genus="Levenhookia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Levenhookia sonderi" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="6B0E99A698A3363D91144AFD5E393DA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Levenhookia sonderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be further separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="237A8DA81D22A47818757C07555BDD0F" lsidName="L. dubia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dubia">
|
||
<emphasis id="5262B2FE5903D323D3859B145E8A17F4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dubia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its unequal and obtuse or subacute calyx lobes (cf. equal and acute), hypanthium indumentum of both glandular and eglandular hairs (cf. glandular-hairy), linear-subulate basal appendanges on the labellum (cf. appendages lacking or rudimentary and rounded) and larger seed (0.6-1 mm long cf. 0.25-0.4 mm). It also tends to have more rounded leaf apices than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="983C529AD34B58A6D76F052B55EE054E" lsidName="L. dubia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dubia">
|
||
<emphasis id="702296D38E492C652ACFFDD5FDAFDA59" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dubia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D383EC9D07275731FE018F5FBF4C6728" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The column of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93DE674668DABE8968036A18D7F6E481" lsidName="L. sonderi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sonderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="36710BACF7AB9DC86DE7A1506FAC8400" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. sonderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be adnate to the corolla tube like that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="29BB04657E2E7EBEF408D51224290A0E" lsidName="L. dubia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dubia">
|
||
<emphasis id="53A509DB70B2ACBB6B4731DF36E68532" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. dubia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although this requires verification given the limited spirit material available for study. In one dissected flower, both stigmatic lobes were developed under the labellum hood with copious pollen observed. Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5FFB05388A916C7FABC3AE65938E13D9" lsidName="L. pusilla" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pusilla">
|
||
<emphasis id="472BBA5540EECB79813AC44E4B083EB0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. pusilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="20990819113A1C4486E64FCDA11298D8" lsidName="L. murfetii" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="murfetii">
|
||
<emphasis id="E3C4FC77BE7C54ABB56E0DB85330A629" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. murfetii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this suggests autogamy;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B22F5F133FA619E08300C3B34AEDF965" lsidName="L. sonderi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sonderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="6A3DFCC36B794C2C9C54BB7AABB98460" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. sonderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is certainly akin to these two species, with all three sharing an indumentum of both eglandular and glandular hairs on the hypanthium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="751514DDEF7200981CE018CA44D16550" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Some individuals on the following collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7AA5EC1268B9C268A68506F2BB023F2" lsidName="L. sonderi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sonderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B5D33515E34971525D7BC40A71786AA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. sonderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from South Australia and Victoria are infected by a smut that proliferates in the ovary, preventing the production of flowers and seed:
|
||
<emphasis id="BE02D833203C648C76A62E2706FBFEF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. Bates 32191</emphasis>
|
||
(AD);
|
||
<emphasis id="9B39EAF5BDA845700B0006E7BA14C6A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. Hunt 2229</emphasis>
|
||
(AD);
|
||
<emphasis id="2E0A0B1A9EFF5AE44B0BBC2F6273DF78" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. Hunt 2241</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, MEL);
|
||
<emphasis id="97103789957B749178F558C86AF3DB66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H.B. Williamson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(MEL 2256399, MEL 275679).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FE7AA8D968F9CE3D5DAF6B9C90842B5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="illustrations">
|
||
<paragraph id="466C00F5D4BC9614521134CE187901E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Illustrations.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C69212CF77A22184431CC1104CC85232" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E.J. Raulings in N.G. Walsh & T.J. Entwisle, Fl. Victoria 4: 583, fig. 111b. 1999.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8A4DFCD154E7AAEA1EDA5F8E3C99E020" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="95212E0B3700B19D85AA501177B249D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C336335A4238FD1791EEE022FB9D0DF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="F627D6F948F5D35D06646F60D183D55B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Australia. South Australia</emphasis>
|
||
: [localities obfuscated for conservation reasons] N of Mt Gambier, 8 Nov 1964,
|
||
<emphasis id="60643245FFE829D839A3FC47EC2AB20F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. Hunt 2229</emphasis>
|
||
(AD); N of Mt Gambier, 5 Dec 1964,
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE3CE9B04967732A391EC1FAD8F98E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. Hunt 2241</emphasis>
|
||
(AD, MEL); Reedy Creek, 1 Oct 1998,
|
||
<emphasis id="EAEDD7A0C4DF540B07BAB9D11C0015F1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Murfet 3317</emphasis>
|
||
(AD); Reedy Creek, 27 Oct 2011,
|
||
<emphasis id="7C3DAE58BA8B477CD5E218D136BF1F84" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Murfet 7404</emphasis>
|
||
(AD); [E of Nangwarry], 3 Nov 2013,
|
||
<emphasis id="4DBDE1D319F7F3C58044E2710A80F6C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D.E. Murfet 7624</emphasis>
|
||
(AD);
|
||
<emphasis id="B398AF64076C56A13546D52A1E5B37E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Victoria</emphasis>
|
||
: S of Crawford River, 20 Nov 1964,
|
||
<emphasis id="5B76B1A5A2BBF819A0A6C6D091F9976D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A.C. Beauglehole ALB 43334</emphasis>
|
||
(MEL); Dandenong Range, 20 Oct 1977,
|
||
<emphasis id="3E0752B2BD23B1CE165D6BB0CE184D2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M.G. Corrick 5976</emphasis>
|
||
(MEL); Hawkesdale, Nov 1899,
|
||
<emphasis id="D33DEB65D9AB3019CFBF3DFFF8B3D911" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H.B. Williamson s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(MEL 2256403A); Warrandyte, 23 Oct 1983,
|
||
<emphasis id="F7E436842C586D73B19662397663A080" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.Z. Yugovic s.n.</emphasis>
|
||
(MEL).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |