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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="8664" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.171.55397" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3efb659e-69a5-4c8e-8ed3-765c992b294a" ID-PMC="PMC7851107" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-171-75" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B145490BD62B597DA238655B709B325A" ID-PubMed="33574728" ModsDocID="1314-2003-171-75" checkinTime="1611606559840" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gomez-Dominguez, Hector, Ortiz-Rodriguez, Andres Ernesto, Velasco-Espino, Delfilia &amp; Hernandez-Burguete, Rene" docDate="2021" docId="C5775C4C7F9F5033A0479DF69FF88878" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 171: 75-90" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 171" docPubDate="2021-01-25" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.171.55397" docTitle="Amphitecna fonceti Ortiz-Rodr. &amp; Gomez-Dominguez 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="B145490BD62B597DA238655B709B325A" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="B145490BD62B597DA238655B709B325A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic updates in Amphitecna (Bignoniaceae): A new Mexican species and the re-establishment of the giant-leaved A. megalophylla" masterLastPageNumber="90" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1732846856603" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="A9591C5FF07950A00046070C02BCD6EB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="CF42FEEDC8F1ECBF7FD90C39F5B436FA">
<mods:title id="5A33E48C4CABB856A6E29FDA4ABD0FF3">Taxonomic updates in Amphitecna (Bignoniaceae): A new Mexican species and the re-establishment of the giant-leaved A. megalophylla</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="90EE4B79C8D57C91B303900DE12C9CA2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F11026E965C7AFE1723CC90A4349AA54">
<mods:roleTerm id="79F6BC2A73714C364202854601089AE2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="57B661D0D1DC062DE3807DE1D4C790CE">Gomez-Dominguez, Hector</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7853E4421829E2AAE04A89529AA8FE58">Herbario Eizi Matuda (HEM) Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E9B3B2262AE6B96793152968D57A35D8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7AF2FA8488AEAC500848C528364766D1">
<mods:roleTerm id="00179598B259FCDBD27EAE135DE2A874">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C352E8AFBA3EF1979F409BD4DA334F8E">Ortiz-Rodriguez, Andres Ernesto</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2334F48B3451AFA6D08BFC7232FCD31F">Departamento de Botanica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="19A36522770804F49FFF5278B45FF015" type="email">ortizrodriguez.ae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6B61C8BE5B6B213958BDDDBF876B91D5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8C710BC270B125360547F6BA935D42A5">
<mods:roleTerm id="D9C0F5A8E64040B386FDD77594808C21">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A4C6AB034507D1236CFE08B1CFB8BD32">Velasco-Espino, Delfilia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B20F277F6F80940B088B4CC9CC2F004F">Herbario Eizi Matuda (HEM) Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="37E03A3945CA89722D2CAD3F86BA89F7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1E70CDF8B9B49415C33D4328A4DDECA2">
<mods:roleTerm id="3F5A2E0814A43E15D3AC6DDD478E4CA1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A64387C2AFA94A55FBF56E97401943AB">Hernandez-Burguete, Rene</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="60E8201A643EE3D649B5CAE293C8C109">Herbario Eizi Matuda (HEM) Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="40FB93A68A734DA755666B176D3518AB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="0E8EFEFD6F82EF4E1413253AD457C086" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="0DF81C69CE207ABC401647F5C8C8F112">
<mods:title id="685F3B3CF7F4B2286935C48FA3CE7ACD">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="FA6A74580E0A056CB4AACA0DFA11A806">
<mods:date id="48BBA6A6DC3AD7BE15F3FEEA8F23EF6C">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DE319592A9C9BFDA516E0A064F3B910C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="2419FAD097C37E066A1EC6C6ADBFF4D4">2021-01-25</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="D8C87BFAF3D2B46E3428537D398AC6B7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A54E3BC53C94A7D6A5D42498B20159FD">171</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="F72E2DE872B26F9E292E6A296A6BD277" unit="page">
<mods:start id="2F5A6BEDB837057CA09260C9531CEF92">75</mods:start>
<mods:end id="6BD688872DF0969308BA99EE92661A75">90</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="ADBE462774CF50A7A316E327315E85BF">
<mods:url id="E19C24E93796A79E5B8E36E702F3C283">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.171.55397</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="5C49F318A751B8A4ACF60CC595D82B8C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B2BBEAD3E357017D9FCB7263B43BED24" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.171.55397</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6F7DEEACDBDF1BF59F079157AE693CCB" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-171-75</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0CC826345C618E7AC71FA9D76FB089A8" type="Pensoft-UUID">B145490BD62B597DA238655B709B325A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="C5775C4C7F9F5033A0479DF69FF88878" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177123067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C5775C4C7F9F5033A0479DF69FF88878" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C5775C4C7F9F5033A0479DF69FF88878" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" scope_family="Bignoniaceae">
<subSubSection id="50A32D69AF9B2870AD2840B635D22D9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5417AD1835576057223302E5192F2D70" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="91B4D2894650A51393DDA8119DC7F37F" ID-CoL="9B2TQ" LSID="C5775C4C-7F9F-5033-A047-9DF69FF88878" authority="Ortiz-Rodr. &amp; Gómez-Domínguez" authorityName="Ortiz-Rodr. &amp; Gomez-Dominguez" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna fonceti" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fonceti" status="sp. nov.">
Amphitecna fonceti Ortiz-Rodr. &amp;
<normalizedToken id="985C7FB245C3B3DB43851A4FE134E604" originalValue="Gómez-Domínguez">Gomez-Dominguez</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F4A14CA4F3F056017ADB8F248551EE7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="AC807800FEEDDCF47A4F117682EF675F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Vegetative features of Amphitecna fonceti sp. nov. A habit B phyllotaxy C adaxial side of leaf D abaxial side of leaf. Photographs by Hector Gomez Dominguez." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.171.55397.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/501136" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figures 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FAA9EADD3BE641D22553C3A5D4BCE194" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Reproductive features of Amphitecna fonceti sp. nov. A ramiflorous inflorescences with several flowers per shoot B corolla mouth C strongly costate calyx D corolla showing three stamens E corolla showing the transverse fold in the throat F flower developmental stages, from bud to anthesis G fruit shape variation. Photographs by Hector Gomez Dominguez." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.171.55397.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/501137" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">, 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6B2E82909A507A12E14DE8EC4F9563D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="772BBA0BA166494C1F97119FD704843C" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D8AE7C4E5F1BB05511F2B4ECEA2CD40B" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Mexico. Chiapas, Municipio de La Concordia,
<normalizedToken id="9AE22EDD5264B136CDFDB8B63F0F614F" originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="C07A67148ACFA4FCDAA3D744C6A83E0B" originalValue="Protección">Proteccion</normalizedToken>
de Recursos Naturales La Fraylesca, Rancho
<normalizedToken id="1C61AD0D38648D536FA5D0F6864C78A9" originalValue="“Pacayal”">&quot;Pacayal&quot;</normalizedToken>
a 3
<normalizedToken id="73C6FF27C193C3E46413711613900A96" originalValue="kilómetros">kilometros</normalizedToken>
del ejido Solo Dios,1441 m,
<geoCoordinate id="9504C2ECB1937604FE356CADC4B5DFA2" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.7" value="15.782694">15°46'57.7&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="28576C3DAB11E5EC262D4ACD07C3241F" degrees="92" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="04.6" value="-92.984604">92°59'04.6&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 24 May 2020(fl, fr)
<emphasis id="B98E41A3CAA3588D5A2483752941D94C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken id="7DD58CBAC76815452679ED178DC8EC6F" originalValue="Gómez-">Gomez-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="9F1ED6C0624C5482F82ACF025591F166" originalValue="Domínguez">Dominguez</normalizedToken>
H. y
<normalizedToken id="334DEA3E0A743D7EA5DAD5F4047F78C3" originalValue="Hernández-Burguete">Hernandez-Burguete</normalizedToken>
R. 3840
</emphasis>
(holotype HEM; isotypes: MEXU, MO).
</paragraph>
<caption id="B5F764D7A4912484A6087726D2A54065" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.171.55397.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/501136" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="2EC8D4FC07042F1FE792C5E06BDE9B23" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="6CBCD1A1A4F8AC53FBB026E44875C05D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Vegetative features of
<taxonomicName id="53FF1AEA83FDF399A427B05B30FC4EB3" authorityName="Ortiz-Rodr. &amp; Gomez-Dominguez" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna fonceti" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fonceti">
<emphasis id="B29B0DE7EC36C533E444A4D72D509944" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Amphitecna fonceti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="514A09A32E66ADE7F2A3E8D7449D056F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis id="6FA4BD611624D8AB1A44ABE83465F263" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
phyllotaxy
<emphasis id="9B07F481366537CA9B61C74A0C4A30B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C</emphasis>
adaxial side of leaf
<emphasis id="89AD316245B7B1F456AB5D9A53335974" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
abaxial side of leaf. Photographs by Hector
<normalizedToken id="1D70412AFFD44F317F50327FAB6DEC98" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="6448FABAF495A50DF15FAD150116070B" originalValue="Domínguez">Dominguez</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5BD529E5500EB28B72772DA068433CB1" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A21711B8D4BA3A164346E291C26FD3BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="670268D94EA05A503C36B9F04D74F0A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="AAB60AF18019BBB747CEFD57C0C41C04" authorityName="Ortiz-Rodr. &amp; Gomez-Dominguez" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna fonceti" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fonceti">
<emphasis id="D97DF74281B6DD16A269852DA5D5DBD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Amphitecna fonceti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguishable from the other species of
<taxonomicName id="74A0E5B84B081A871F2728AAA2355859" authorityName="Miers" authorityYear="1868" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D1301EEAC78C8FC9DAABED8C1EE6A28F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Amphitecna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its ramiflorous inflorescences that bear multiple flowers per shoot, buds rounded at apex, large flowers with a transverse fold in the corolla throat, calyx surface pubescent and strongly costate, and fruits elliptic, apiculate at the apex.
<taxonomicName id="5570B567559157F6966595E76A86A6B7" authorityName="Ortiz-Rodr. &amp; Gomez-Dominguez" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna fonceti" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fonceti">
<emphasis id="503620CBA0C90DFE6D1DD9964AF19251" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Amphitecna fonceti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName id="E71F8A5E1BAB1640655129618A795BE1" lsidName="A. apiculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="apiculata">
<emphasis id="14B8585B9BDE6E48B92D79523C7064A0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. apiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C10EF442309D6A83CF4F9460160F22A7" lsidName="A. latifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="2E704166A0372A3951721901EC332A1D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both of which occur in Mexico. However,
<taxonomicName id="5AB99581B44D895C08B6AAE1B712B456" lsidName="A. apiculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="apiculata">
<emphasis id="AB56258393331FAB4CC707E426497B65" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. apiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs by the small and tubular corollas, and by the calyx with a smooth and glabrous surface.
<taxonomicName id="D000A2BB9F10FAA3DBB65FC763AD078B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna latifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="B363DBD36D982B3D1D9159B807F1DAE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Amphitecna latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on the other hand, differs by the smaller leaves, smooth and glabrous calyx surface, and globose fruits with a rounded apex. The three species show different climatic preferences (Table
<tableCitation id="A00663F2A097299A66D2FEC76B434831" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Comparison of diagnostic morphological features among Amphitecna fonceti (Bignoniaceae) and close relatives." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/88A613F991FA25DB28CC16AB14D348D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" tableUuid="88A613F991FA25DB28CC16AB14D348D0">3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ADE329F0FDF3C0F546AD0D31D5552DD6" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph id="6ED13D16D7CB0622731BA4850C4FDD2F" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="51471E693BEC485C108471EDB1C0EF06" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Small to medium sized trees, 3-9 m alt., 6-25 cm DBH, the secondary branches terete.
<emphasis id="58A1E1EEC7DBC1B4664A4CFB6FD72C89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Leaves</emphasis>
alternate-verticillate, clustered near the apex of branches, olive-green when dry, glabrous, coriaceous, 13-35 cm long
<normalizedToken id="155D884F5467BD00AE7534B2F5D8E1E8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-13.2 cm wide, oblanceolate to obovate, short acuminate, acute to attenuate basis, midrib slightly raised on the upper surface, prominent on the lower surface; secondary veins 10-20 on each side, slightly raised above, prominent below; petiole shorter than 1 cm long, merging with attenuate leaf base, red wine
<emphasis id="A437DAB61C066A314F814DCABCB7AA5D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">in vivo</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="D52C738C43D82F94523E836FDAFAA5E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Inflorescences</emphasis>
bearing three to six flowers (rarely with a single flower), borne on leafless portions of old branches, rarely terminal or along the main trunk (cauliflory), with a sour-odor; pedicels, outer side of buds, and calyces pubescent and densely covered with lenticel-like white dots.
<emphasis id="6AFC05AAAC1BED81BB0F81457F953AB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Flowers</emphasis>
more or less erect, not pendant, pedicel 38-60 mm long; buds, rounded at apex; calyx campanulate, 25-32 mm long, coriaceous, evenly
<emphasis id="74007B35288F780E738C79EFA0782014" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">2-3</emphasis>
-labiate, strongly costate, with 6-10 longitudinal ridges per lobe; corolla funnelform, with a transverse fold on throat between 22-27 mm from the base, pale green, 38-46 mm long
<normalizedToken id="86C8A06BC22585DCC3550C6914D1E640" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
20-23 mm wide at the tube mouth, the basal portion of the corolla funnel-shaped, 9-13 mm long, lobes more or less fused into a frilly-margined rim; androecium with stamens 3 or 4, included, inserted 4-12 mm from base of the tube, anther thecae divergent, 5-6 mm long, filaments 12-29 mm long, staminodes shorter than 20 mm long when present, inserted 3-6 mm from base of the tube; gynoecium with ovary ca. 8 mm long
<normalizedToken id="54FC456D4CA408284EE24EAA35C9CC56" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
ca. 4 mm wide, broadly elliptic, glandular-papillose, style 25-29 mm long, stigma bifurcate; disc annular-pulvinate, ca. 11 mm in diameter.
<emphasis id="9C67CF6718A588FB8C00E71A329EC180" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Fruits</emphasis>
elliptic, 110-180 mm long
<normalizedToken id="26F9F1FB6ABB7997D511C53E4679FE27" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
70-105 mm wide, acute to short acuminate at apex, rounded to short acuminate at the base.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7B102CB25C66A57E1BB9838A9CD88E13" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.171.55397.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/501137" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="BB4F0A9AF2BD6614999BCD5409782E08" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="9ED894897D6C8AF7141B860235C20855" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Reproductive features of
<taxonomicName id="BBDEA7365D8D094422C80E6DB865EBF8" authorityName="Ortiz-Rodr. &amp; Gomez-Dominguez" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna fonceti" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fonceti">
<emphasis id="B527D7546AC31740DF3144DAE5E04175" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Amphitecna fonceti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis id="A334C1FBD13341B5EBB50544864543F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
ramiflorous inflorescences with several flowers per shoot
<emphasis id="DA7838756D558DD502CEAA2E88908FE8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
corolla mouth
<emphasis id="0BDE8C00825C4F3184F5DD684F79DA6F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C</emphasis>
strongly costate calyx
<emphasis id="8D1331AB1D79094A9677CC3C3104F516" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
corolla showing three stamens
<emphasis id="F7092B322FF21C59BB1F1666EC7568C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">E</emphasis>
corolla showing the transverse fold in the throat
<emphasis id="06B757FCF7A5804C02C790DF162A30B9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">F</emphasis>
flower developmental stages, from bud to anthesis
<emphasis id="FE3E1D42A8940E48BDC1AAB16560DDF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">G</emphasis>
fruit shape variation. Photographs by Hector
<normalizedToken id="58AB894D05B591A84E5125615D3ED930" originalValue="Gómez">Gomez</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="286E7DD8B8D88438261A9782DA3B7E6A" originalValue="Domínguez">Dominguez</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="77A4371E8C2F4EB243DF6E955B6636CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="C79D485FDA73BFFC1A4BE4757EDF097C" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A420CB70481F10C66D79262850EF91D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
This species is known only from the type locality in Chiapas, Mexico. The species inhabits areas with sedimentary soils, mostly formed by sandstones with a thin layer of organic matter, mostly within altered remnants of oak and pine-oak forest. The species with which it coexists are
<taxonomicName id="6FFBE2CDE92EDC2556FFAD93C3A09370" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus rugosa" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rugosa">
<emphasis id="BFBE5AA8A498D60165D5D2F035988588" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Quercus rugosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="E9F1BCF7F3B21CFD5463127A1775197B" originalValue="Née">Nee</normalizedToken>
,
<taxonomicName id="006FBA48B67FF3DBC78DB874E67965FD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Inga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Inga vera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vera">
<emphasis id="FD1AB5D921C24E60B719EE9B84E52DDD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Inga vera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Willd,
<taxonomicName id="D917EB1D04F538686CC750A6DF8F5A19" authorityName="Trofimov &amp; Rohwer" authorityYear="2016" baseAuthorityName="Sw." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Damburneya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Damburneya coriacea" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coriacea">
<emphasis id="16384769797C415E55817A7C94F697D7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Damburneya coriacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sw.) Trofimov &amp; Rohwer,
<taxonomicName id="19472FCE5B3207FC2493CBD976FAF971" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia capuli" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capuli">
<emphasis id="DA620F872B0617E954E931840ED8F3B0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Eugenia capuli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schltdl. &amp; Cham.) Hook. &amp; Arn.,
<taxonomicName id="DE0915BEE9B8A0A68F94870F4BFB921A" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ulmaceae" genus="Trema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Trema micrantha" order="Urticales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="micrantha">
<emphasis id="E98477B10042FFE233EBB7986A5C251D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Trema micrantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.) Blume,
<taxonomicName id="959724278BEC8D96E2464AB29CA4F5F3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cecropiaceae" genus="Cecropia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cecropia obtusifolia" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="obtusifolia">
<emphasis id="3A6195655F7C3B264BBE15685281C06C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Cecropia obtusifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bertol., and
<taxonomicName id="97D364071622DD5E4B1B1FA02A83930B" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coffea arabica" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="arabica">
<emphasis id="45D2ADD74A38178A350C853D86E140A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Coffea arabica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56FA7A9B88F80FE1A1CF10D0BA15F6BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="83C4C91A70ACA1366D8E1543BC4964FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="27D7FF71182A10650CD77D8E2961B9DE" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Specimens were collected in full bloom or with ripe fruit in April and May. Flower buds were observed in March and ripe fruits in June.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7494254F355ED5CCED4999FB6C67B8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8087AF61840895FB2C298017ED26318F" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E211FBC3FFDC353D724478A1BC783F5B" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
The
<normalizedToken id="0DF15293DC4015339F2A7A4D0B7ACA9C" originalValue="specific">specific</normalizedToken>
epithet honors FONCET (Fondo de
<normalizedToken id="837F63F5A53AE301DA66A2CB4D92A8C8" originalValue="Conservación">Conservacion</normalizedToken>
El Triunfo, A.C.), in recognition of 18 years of funding dedicated to conservation projects in natural protected areas within the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, Mexico.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="71F9162C0DA7A6F26190CB3BF86851EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="27CB775B6AFE6B8710F7E0BA0830820B" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B6E4409D494605A99A3D1919C7F31F31" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
According to the
<bibRefCitation id="8C750405D913D1BB2C21FC6B750AF102" author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B12" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List categories and criteria, Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for using the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List categories and criteria, Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
, this species is considered as Critically Endangered [CR B1ab (iii)]. Its area of occupancy (AOO) is 8.0 km2 and the extent of occurrence (EOO) is 0.154 km2, showing a restricted distribution. Although the new species is distributed within a protected natural area, the oak, pine-oak forest at the type locality is seriously fragmented, with only small remnants persisting.
<taxonomicName id="975F96487BE74BB69C6385A859DCDF69" authorityName="Ortiz-Rodr. &amp; Gomez-Dominguez" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna fonceti" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fonceti">
<emphasis id="D19C1642C9F6A5622049738581F89FEA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Amphitecna fonceti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is rare, with only 12 individuals being known to date.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7EEB5314D79EC2DCFF53BD67EE6AF66C" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="uses">
<paragraph id="995C063FFFE75B79C5DF90F15349338B" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="24EB7D6803677414E0518CAD53E57C8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
The indigenous community where
<taxonomicName id="FF45A5E7E2141B69F283C7D944D4AB59" lsidName="A. fonceti" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="fonceti">
<emphasis id="91CABC190DA2B88ECFCAB3DF459FC19D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. fonceti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found uses the fruits to treat respiratory diseases. The seeds of ripe fruits are extracted and soaked in a bottle of tequila for a week, after which a small glass is drunk in the morning to treat asthma. For whooping cough, two tablespoons of honey and almond oil are poured into the fruit after the removal of the fruit tip. The fruit is then cooked in water bath and its interior used as syrup. Its medicinal use likely helps the maintenance of this species within local coffee plantations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EF5AA841C5CD991268EDFF3FDEF8365" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="70F6C81B0900227B388B152368F77093" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6B299D10D3C2EA271B2BD16CE6162059" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Mexico. Chiapas, La Concordia:
<normalizedToken id="14E4153A8C0BF048ADF74EA11D92A417" originalValue="Área">Area</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken id="E7372912D93E5CF4027103A66CC66A69" originalValue="Protección">Proteccion</normalizedToken>
de Recursos Naturales, La Fraylesca; Rancho Pacayal a 3
<normalizedToken id="313FAEC20D6B2EFAB6DF15806896D2C4" originalValue="kilómetros">kilometros</normalizedToken>
del ejido Solo Dios,
<geoCoordinate id="36DEA190C69C8E74878911415634C35F" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.9" value="15.781917">15°46'54.9&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="63880C298971893D96F60BB7AC6DD8EF" degrees="92" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="04.8" value="-92.984665">92°59'04.8&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1359 m., 24 de Mayo de 2020.,
<emphasis id="8EA2689DE0F7D1E9E9A2046C719197E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken id="9350DE9FDBF9189FAAD297EAB2D9BE06" originalValue="Gómez-">Gomez-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="37145969B422CBAA795D023546F6CDC9" originalValue="Domínguez">Dominguez</normalizedToken>
, H.
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="3BEEAE58A08EFE701D5427325628A598" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken id="038D5B40602A26A47AD02DD0063BCCA0" originalValue="Hernández-Burguete">Hernandez-Burguete</normalizedToken>
, R. 3841
</emphasis>
(HEM); same locality,
<emphasis id="2AD8E5BD0719399FF65BC81CE9A91322" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken id="BEB51725B1AF6751C45601EB09272513" originalValue="Gómez-">Gomez-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="EB875C344976F3ECE5C48E871E784EED" originalValue="Domínguez">Dominguez</normalizedToken>
, H.
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="EF59C260EB72AA6B97916F2082341D68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken id="9064DA11482F3AE9173C91885436ACCF" originalValue="Hernández-Burguete">Hernandez-Burguete</normalizedToken>
, R. 3842
</emphasis>
(HEM);
<emphasis id="CF2AA3A508B1A4884AB41C703DD47453" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken id="D709D62C1D039F3B6180608F0229EE20" originalValue="Gómez-">Gomez-</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="A49DE7E4B5F1656A0D01FAC59051ABBE" originalValue="Domínguez">Dominguez</normalizedToken>
, H., Velazco Espino, D.
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="A77E64C2DEB1CD0CF15BACE217372222" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken id="DD825D9E0D461BE94D1495D11F5CA011" originalValue="Hernández-Burguete">Hernandez-Burguete</normalizedToken>
, R. 3841
</emphasis>
(XAL).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="91AF00B9C403F77C0D5EC2AFCEC3AB6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="notes">
<paragraph id="366F7F99EEC142CBCEDF7A351FC6BD3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B5DADF2901109515BD543E3B267D2A95" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
In addition to
<taxonomicName id="32EA6F2A6E1BF8BB6708474B7FE3F871" lsidName="A. apiculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="apiculata">
<emphasis id="D513EC2BF5745105B605C05AFB60F9CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. apiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="12A2A236DABE65E990D4EAA2B33C658E" lsidName="A. latifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="9FEC98431A3E887EFF00B656882EB8B6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3F3E6516A25C5D15CA8EA465943E4089" lsidName="A. fonceti" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="fonceti">
<emphasis id="E1D86ECFFA1FAC8D8897FE7DA867991D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. fonceti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can also be confused with
<taxonomicName id="1CB2C636F21E2E75B0E79AEA5F135B3F" lsidName="A. sessilifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="sessilifolia">
<emphasis id="9CEE07D61B1919B9031194B197F93206" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. sessilifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, another species from the
<taxonomicName id="3C6C2EEFD6041AFF2C429D4FD0B42BC8" lsidName="A. molinae" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="molinae">
<emphasis id="8A466ED4AA6DA182930583630CE01EE0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. molinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. However,
<taxonomicName id="CE4A19F6536E9D29B74C8F11201A9F55" lsidName="A. sessilifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="sessilifolia">
<emphasis id="8DB784EE37DEC4DB86BCF6E51D122023" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. sessilifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(endemic to Costa Rica) shows terminal flowers, larger corollas, stamens inserted 13-18 mm from base of the corolla tube, larger pistils, smooth and glabrous calyces (
<bibRefCitation id="8E8C6422DE0457B4C08361B8616A34EF" author="Gentry, AH" journalOrPublisher="Flora Neotropica Monograph" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 131" refId="B7" refString="Gentry, AH, 1980. Bignoniaceae (Part I) - Tribes Crescentieae and Tourrettieae. Flora Neotropica Monograph 25: 1 - 131" title="Bignoniaceae (Part I) - Tribes Crescentieae and Tourrettieae." volume="25" year="1980">Gentry 1980</bibRefCitation>
, Table
<tableCitation id="169AEACE90A83AAAFA990499D4610612" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Comparison of diagnostic morphological features among Amphitecna fonceti (Bignoniaceae) and close relatives." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/88A613F991FA25DB28CC16AB14D348D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" tableUuid="88A613F991FA25DB28CC16AB14D348D0">3</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="90D36FEFB2E4CB1FE1DC8430C35D1B82" authorityName="L. O. Williams" authorityYear="1973" baseAuthorityName="Donn. Sm." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna sessilifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sessilifolia">
<emphasis id="76E5EA841A709CD89F31D7F194DD38D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Amphitecna sessilifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been incorrectly reported to Mexico (
<bibRefCitation id="A3B33CACBB3CCAD0B2C783C9FD45ACE9" author="Martinez-Melendez, M" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" refId="B15" refString="Martinez-Melendez, M, Martinez-Camilo, R., Perez-Farrera, MA, Martinez-Melendez, N, 2017. Flora y vegetacion de la region terrestre prioritaria Tacana-Boqueron, Chiapas, Mexico. Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas. Bases de datos SNIB-CONABIO, proyectos F092, HA005, EC009, Y012 y BC006. Ciudad de Mexico." title="Flora y vegetacion de la region terrestre prioritaria Tacana-Boqueron, Chiapas, Mexico. Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas. Bases de datos SNIB-CONABIO, proyectos F 092, HA 005, EC 009, Y 012 y BC 006. Ciudad de Mexico." year="2017">
<normalizedToken id="05F041646EBE077EADDF51944C438D6D" originalValue="Martínez-Meléndez">Martinez-Melendez</normalizedToken>
et al. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
) based on misidentified specimens of
<taxonomicName id="0E3D5C4081936E8BE4BF9747F4E237DA" lsidName="A. breedlovei" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="breedlovei">
<emphasis id="7147513FDD04366B37F204070ACEDE6F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. breedlovei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., Faustino Miranda 6916, MEXU-67682),
<taxonomicName id="91895029CAD4B6D71B1FDAE49461E249" lsidName="A. latifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis id="031FD8CDD6FD94D7FE2EE9E640B4371D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., G.
<normalizedToken id="558C8F9ED608B2BC44D9DE8983659FCA" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
C. 2294, MEXU-733205), and
<taxonomicName id="8F909090100E1D43F71EC73AF99B1B2A" lsidName="A. tuxtlensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="tuxtlensis">
<emphasis id="1A630901645FBC4A5156BCE7C8EC25AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. tuxtlensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., J.I. Calzada 1457, MEXU-309621).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F85096F0847325337C2C9C053218301E" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="amphitecna megalophylla resurrected">
<paragraph id="82D346A16540043B3974A195AE92A678" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="528B3AB90E804AA359E5A7202F67C14C" authorityName="A. H. Gentry" authorityYear="1980" baseAuthorityName="Donn. Sm." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Amphitecna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amphitecna megalophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megalophylla">
<emphasis id="4807D5935C7AE3D80010F67D592AE9EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Amphitecna megalophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resurrected
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E61BA63DB219AD52B53EAF6AFD2FF3E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Our results indicate that
<taxonomicName id="FCE96C6EABA8C670B968FF48769A06E8" lsidName="A. megalophylla" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="megalophylla">
<emphasis id="8058EC9EA0CFC6A3D66EA581E5830B56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A. megalophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is best treated as a separate taxon that can be identified by the following features: pachycaul trees, with leaves up to 1 m long, multi-flowered inflorescences, cauliflorous and long-pedicellate flowers with a transverse fold in the corolla throat, and fruits with costate/angulate surfaces. The following species is thus treated as an accepted taxon here:
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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