315 lines
37 KiB
XML
315 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="24300" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ee5a0817-7cfc-4c21-ba7d-3beabb06cccd" ID-PMC="PMC7004242" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-905-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961" ID-PubMed="32063726" ID-ZooBank="F4C766E4633A41039FFDE952718F41FB" ModsDocID="1313-2970-905-1" checkinTime="1579539902851" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salata, Sebastian & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2020" docId="B4D84C038B1817B78379F0396B6234EE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 905: 1-235" docOrigin="ZooKeys 905" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592" docTitle="Pheidole ala Salata & Fisher 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="28B23A79-FBFE-41AB-A4FB-1029E6941339" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" id="4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961" masterDocTitle="Pheidole Westwood, 1839 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Madagascar - an introduction and a taxonomic revision of eleven species groups" masterLastPageNumber="235" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732649601836" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="657B821F3DB06AA65C639E189CFD3E83">Pheidole Westwood, 1839 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Madagascar - an introduction and a taxonomic revision of eleven species groups</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C00B1BCB1E15A42CAE7BD56DC9F8D6C0">Salata, Sebastian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8898E69BBC67990C8D9501F8071554F4">Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="46AB6FBC5035213674E158D163015382">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="27A77C1443629298BB754DB0197BA321">
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<mods:date id="008AF5951CFCC864B11C07A55F173431">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="995534DC8B41605176C69D8AB2CF35D6">905</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="3B66CB663FF39A14E54993148D56ABE6">235</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="DAE5D7A72FA9118466E1D8E923DBB538">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CF0CE0DCCDC54E48CD9EB64F0D6DB342" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B4D84C038B1817B78379F0396B6234EE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161777026" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:28B23A79-FBFE-41AB-A4FB-1029E6941339" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B4D84C038B1817B78379F0396B6234EE" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="BFD09C5A6825CF7F6AE0BBF421CF182C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="76CAC99D54A3327F9948EB2991C3B133" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="DD8C3620F43B6D1F1EC3665B0499E84A" ID-CoL="CMKT4" LSID="http://zoobank.org/28B23A79-FBFE-41AB-A4FB-1029E6941339" authority="Salata & Fisher, 2020" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole ala" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ala" status="sp. nov.">Pheidole ala</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="866E16B20E7B0070ED9CC0664B85C851" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="2C40244EEB9D74612CC9A61EF236998D" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 59A-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B496A119DBEBE0C4F9485B7A1F5B8747" captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F84" captionText="Figure 84. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole aelloea sp. nov. (A). P. ala sp. nov. (B). P. andapa sp. nov. (C). P. ankerana sp. nov. (D). P. annemariae Forel (E). P. avaratra sp. nov. (F). P. bemarahaensis sp. nov. (G). P. bemarivoensis sp. nov. (H). P. binara sp. nov. (I). P. boribora sp. nov. (J). P. brevipilosa sp. nov. (K). P. curvistriata sp. nov. (L). P. diakritos sp. nov. (M). P. ehazoara sp. nov. (N). P. ensifera Forel (O). P. ferruginea sp. nov. (P). P. fisaka sp. nov. (R). P. fitarata sp. nov. (S). P. glabra sp. nov. (T). P. goavana sp. nov. (U). P. lamperos sp. nov. (W). P. longipilosa sp. nov. (X). P. longispinosa Forel (Y). P. lutea sp. nov. (Z)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373131" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 84B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="70355D76AF4A4797A22A69382C2B2577" captionStart="Figure 86" captionStartId="F86" captionText="Figure 86. Distribution. Pheidole aelloea sp. nov. (A). P. ala sp. nov. (B). P. andapa sp. nov. (C). P. ankerana sp. nov. (D). P. annemariae Forel (E). P. avaratra sp. nov. (F). P. bemarahaensis sp. nov. (G). P. bemarivoensis sp. nov. (H). P. binara sp. nov. (I). P. boribora sp. nov. (J). P. brevipilosa sp. nov. (K). P. curvistriata sp. nov. (L). P. diakritos sp. nov. (M). P. ehazoara sp. nov. (N). P. ensifera Forel (O). P. ferruginea sp. nov. (P). P. fisaka sp. nov. (R). P. fitarata sp. nov. (S). P. glabra sp. nov. (T). P. goavana sp. nov. (U)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373133" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 86B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="618D5A8336220AE6D980DD4C2FD88597" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="922D35CAA0791A31056139FA05FC7555" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="86D246D13AD27F6DA9BF0A81E184D0E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="8995C3A887B7DDF249CB5B05370024AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="221AFCE2EF01C2B583CD80E4679FBBAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Madagascar. •1 major worker; Antananarivo; 3 km 41°NE Andranomay, 11.5 km 147°SSE Anjozorobe; -18.47333, 47.96; alt. 1300 m; 5 Dec 2000; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; BLF02480, CASENT0413606, middle specimen (CASC).
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<emphasis id="AA561FC0805840C7749B95F8EF6BC9B0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="B55812D802BA9C61C27C8602B6CBBF8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Madagascar. •6w., 2s.; same data as for holotype; CASENT0427741, CASENT0427742, CASENT0872080, CASENT0872192-CASENT0872195 (CASC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="137CB941BCDBB1D2A8283A38842A91F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C6A216052BCA61B9A19510D7F0B51501" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A1ABB182203CC33956776141CB3B3E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Madagascar. -
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<emphasis id="1C95B5DB7BEF74E4D1981CEB9F91DEE7" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antananarivo</emphasis>
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: •4w., 3s.; 3 km 41°NE Andranomay, 11.5 km 147°SSE Anjozorobe; -18.47333, 47.96; alt. 1300 m; 5 Dec 2000; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0413601, CASENT0413608, CASENT0413609, CASENT0427739, CASENT0427740, CASENT0427745, CASENT0427747 (CASC). •3w., 8s.;
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<normalizedToken id="37891E7DC1FC6AF708E092194F695ABD" originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="F4D1576B3095C16389549AC8EDC7D586" originalValue="Spéciale">Speciale</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="D772F28AAA38FC23AA9B918F55670448" originalValue="d’Ambohitantely">d'Ambohitantely</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="B36E91AEF17E6E5C5781BCD3795E8142" originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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d Ambohitantely, 20.9 km 72°NE d Ankazobe;
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<geoCoordinate id="66FEE0D3C11BAF2EE7EF5C3F41938E7F" degrees="18.22528" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.22528">-18.22528</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B65BBE72EDE9A96964EEB43FD0F3FC5C" degrees="47.28683" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.28683">47.28683</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1410 m; 17 Apr 2001; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0437257, CASENT0437264, CASENT0437267, CASENT0479788, CASENT0479789, CASENT0479790, CASENT0480418, CASENT0480437 (CASC). •3w., 1q.;
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<normalizedToken id="2A8832BDA4D49B3DA14984496E430A5B" originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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Speciale
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<normalizedToken id="9B719ECFF419DE3E7B986185208ABBFB" originalValue="d’Ambohitantely">d'Ambohitantely</normalizedToken>
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||
;
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||
<geoCoordinate id="ED8246A88451F1AA70DCDB66C0A9F821" degrees="18.18762" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.18762">-18.18762</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="329CEE09D7EF504E0D8188866BA00379" degrees="47.28576" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="47.28576">47.28576</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1580 m; 8 Mar 2012; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0274613, CASENT0274614 (CASC). -
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<emphasis id="4D17F8EB23AC42F8DFADB6F73EE16554" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antsiranana</emphasis>
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: •1w., 1s., 1q.; 6.5 km SSW Befingotra,
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<normalizedToken id="BC625FB3954D42151AFA03A03DA00F8B" originalValue="Rés">Res</normalizedToken>
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. Anjanaharibe-Sud; -14.75, 49.5; alt. 875 m; 28 Oct 1994; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0198550 (CASC). •1w., 1s., 1q.; 9.2 km WSW Befingotra,
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<normalizedToken id="62A79305D135EA96BECC05BA94BCCB79" originalValue="Rés">Res</normalizedToken>
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. Anjanaharibe-Sud; -14.75, 49.46667; alt. 1200 m; 8 Nov 1994; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0198551 (CASC). -
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<emphasis id="5E0B183C0664F33B54D1A111BF4AD3E9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fianarantsoa</emphasis>
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: •1s.; R.S. Ivohibe 8.0 km E Ivohibe;
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<geoCoordinate id="19B5C54126B5D52215BD01EAFDFF0A79" degrees="22.48333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-22.48333">-22.48333</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="22EF0D1B637E585624931F6B40C1F8D9" degrees="46.96833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.96833">46.96833</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1200 m; 15 Oct 1997; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0198029 (CASC). -
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<emphasis id="F03942FA5111B3988493E29E9F9F5187" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toamasina</emphasis>
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: •1s.; Montagne
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<normalizedToken id="D8F6ED41FB1303015364076B12C133D5" originalValue="d’Anjanaharibe">d'Anjanaharibe</normalizedToken>
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, 19.5 km 27°NNE Ambinanitelo;
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<geoCoordinate id="24E92F7863417B5569B96DD522B00CA3" degrees="15.17833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-15.17833">-15.17833</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="BB19EDC06612C8F2EEA2A0A1281FC371" degrees="49.635" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="49.635">49.635</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1100 m; 12 Mar 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0038234 (CASC). •1w., 1s.; Reserve Betampona, Camp Vohitsivalana, 37.1 km 338° Toamasina;
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<geoCoordinate id="3834785A374649AC7B37565210C70890" degrees="17.88667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-17.88667">-17.88667</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="CCF22E346A65FDF73DADB306B1A5FBA3" degrees="49.2025" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.2025">49.2025</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 520 m; 2 Dec 2005; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0067738 (CASC). -Toliara: •2w., 1q.; Parc National
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<normalizedToken id="CE9E627C28E1176D45BE0D5AE291D3F0" originalValue="d’Andohahela">d'Andohahela</normalizedToken>
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, Col du Sedro, 3.8 km 113°ESE Mahamavo, 37.6 km 341°NNW Tolagnaro;
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<geoCoordinate id="8BC0F6668CCE35D195257BF536C640A4" degrees="24.76389" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-24.76389">-24.76389</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B23381757E22AA17E3192DF0BF514B5C" degrees="46.75167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="46.75167">46.75167</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 900 m; 21 Jan 2002; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0430763, CASENT0430764 (CASC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DF0E2B857DF0AE030FC61BAF90E5530A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8CECD6EE9AAA564EA3525AA5E2398304" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="157DAA27B8C6645AAB49C48EAC0CC0E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="28EFDC2F26CC6726633AB97B6BBD92E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="E37FB1396AFFA2475F9003B3B28201E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Head in full-face view sub-rectangular, anterior and posterior sides of eyes slightly convex; sides of head with sparse, short, erect pilosity; scrobe surface shiny, foveolate with sparse, thick, irregular rugae; closely spaced, triangular, with rounded apex and wide base; outer hypostomal teeth slightly thinner and approximately as high as inner hypostomal teeth, with moderately narrow base, triangular; gaster smooth; body bright brown to dark brown.
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<emphasis id="3869DABF88CDF8318A3666CCE549398C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="E9BDFAA85C45276F4A4F198A8551236F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Head foveolate, genae smooth; promesonotum low, short, slightly convex, with posterior declivity smoothly declining towards propodeum; mesosoma foveolate, katepisternum, anepisternum, and mesosoma smooth; propodeal spines minute, triangular; body yellow.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4C8C86AFD26714EB3DBBD04A146DE0CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="B95D0478FF8A2ADC4F582D094637E82F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="F0E179FA57218901A123414F55B8551F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="ED4BF92B9294E022B5C54D82053DA9AC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers.</emphasis>
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Measurements (
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<emphasis id="90D5611026FB5826812A10710473DA81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
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= 10): HL: 1.09-1.27 (1.18); HW: 1.03-1.21 (1.11); SL: 0.46-0.53 (0.49); EL: 0.12-0.17 (0.14); WL: 0.85-0.95 (0.9); PSL: 0.16-0.18 (0.17); MTL: 0.46-0.56 (0.51); PNW: 0.55-0.64 (0.59); PTW: 0.13-0.17 (0.15); PPW: 0.34-0.49 (0.44); CI: 91.3-96.0 (94.1); SI: 41.7-47.1 (44.1); PSLI: 13.6-16.1 (14.4); PPI: 31.0-40.8 (35.3); PNI: 51.0-54.6 (53.0); MTI: 44.2-48.0 (45.9).
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<emphasis id="6243C9A683F6CD168C16C92636E7FFB4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="10819348B7EC04EF22F784389B916DA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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In full-face view longer than wide, anterior and posterior sides of eyes slightly convex (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="C69DBD7D80643D189C576D3E64114A91" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59B</figureCitation>
|
||
). In lateral view sub-rectangular; ventral and dorsal faces finely convex; dorsal face finely depressed posteriorly, forming indistinct transverse depression between frons and occipital lobes; inner hypostomal teeth not visible. Sides of the head with sparse, short, erect pilosity; whole head with dense, moderately short, suberect to erect pilosity. Antennal scrobes indistinct and not delimited by carinulae; scrobe surface shiny, foveolate with sparse, thick, irregular rugae. Occipital lobes shiny, with indistinct, sparse, irregular rugae, sculpture weakening posteriorly; frons with dense, thick, and longitudinal rugae, interspaces distinctly to finely rugo-foveolate; genae shiny, with fine rugulae; malar area with dense, thin rugoreticulation. Centre of clypeus smooth and shiny, lateral sides with longitudinal rugae; median notch present, moderately wide, and shallow; median longitudinal carina absent; lateral longitudinal carinae present. Scape, when laid back, slightly exceeding the midlength of head; pilosity suberect to erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="71BFFC553F5293CE1FA5A41620B4EE84" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Inner hypostomal teeth distinct, closely spaced, triangular, with rounded apex, and wide base; outer hypostomal teeth slightly thinner and approximately as high as inner hypostomal teeth, and with moderately narrow base, triangular (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="FAE4FEC3C8765EF7F94F8519C46E7D19" captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F84" captionText="Figure 84. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole aelloea sp. nov. (A). P. ala sp. nov. (B). P. andapa sp. nov. (C). P. ankerana sp. nov. (D). P. annemariae Forel (E). P. avaratra sp. nov. (F). P. bemarahaensis sp. nov. (G). P. bemarivoensis sp. nov. (H). P. binara sp. nov. (I). P. boribora sp. nov. (J). P. brevipilosa sp. nov. (K). P. curvistriata sp. nov. (L). P. diakritos sp. nov. (M). P. ehazoara sp. nov. (N). P. ensifera Forel (O). P. ferruginea sp. nov. (P). P. fisaka sp. nov. (R). P. fitarata sp. nov. (S). P. glabra sp. nov. (T). P. goavana sp. nov. (U). P. lamperos sp. nov. (W). P. longipilosa sp. nov. (X). P. longispinosa Forel (Y). P. lutea sp. nov. (Z)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373131" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">84B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1E7B7BA07C40771775506A87AA623112" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC29E63BAFC4DA616DB0ACA8B4A8C388" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In lateral view, promesonotum short, relatively low, and convex, dorsal mesonotum slightly concave, posterior mesonotum steep, with small, tubercle-like projections; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove absent; propodeal spines small, triangular, with rounded apex; humeral area laterally well produced (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B14E1EA3F3B2D12036A60D751258318B" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface shiny, with fine but distinct foveolae or rugo-foveolae, and with additional sparse, fine, and irregular rugae; katepisternum smooth; lateral sides of pronotum and propodeum with fading sculpture. Pilosity moderately sparse, long, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="511D0D13666DE9ED5647CBD63927E43F" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="5557DB30DFA1B97481FE51BB2501E8E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="32F568FC6E0146B6B036CF90FE7B7743" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Shiny and with fine foveolae; peduncle short, with indistinct horizontal lobes on its basal part; node relatively high, triangular, with rounded apex, in rear view node slightly convex; pilosity moderately sparse and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1662AEAD52037215A8F01EF0DF107E94" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="EB07F7CA5ACC728A6430F580886B51A0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="BA4647484CA4B9DAB175C85A8A47D4D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Shiny, finely shagreened; in dorsal view sides with moderately long, acute, and triangular projections; pilosity long, moderately long, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1E31BF7BC28B2DB017B6BF7D80A5C197" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="FC8F9C1ACEEEA8DC9985C018CA54ABFB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="FF0627B5797B253D0D5EE3B1561678A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Shiny and smooth; pilosity dense, moderately long, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="457019441A90C3F60640A980EADCDA6A" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="9FBDF1C07ED82704DD18CE719DE24054" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="34EB44F5B004345B4796FFB3FFA7559A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Bright brown to brown; legs yellow to bright brown (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="DCE153E539B568100D7A8AC7E706D6F9" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="99C7FD4EE741AABCD71026B6F1949123" doi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 59" startId="F59">
|
||
<paragraph id="9B4C0275C4035040D973C563A7F1099A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B7DFD8122ED9E19ECB73F2CC85DBBBDC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 59.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D6EEDD0D1694D7FCB81996E3BB067653" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole ala" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ala">
|
||
<emphasis id="47CD07565B6C515C9AB1E82B7A9F9CF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole ala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., full-face view (
|
||
<emphasis id="4186439CE5AB03888FEAE59D8D4ECAF0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
), profile (
|
||
<emphasis id="E55A3A06DB722E2DE1AD860E06AAE723" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
), and dorsal view (
|
||
<emphasis id="41D8579E30A04F8AB3C56F7E621CC4E1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
) of paratype minor worker (CASENT0427742) and full-face view (
|
||
<emphasis id="25D3C5D09204886688303C239B30C48B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
), profile (
|
||
<emphasis id="C65AC08FFDFA6DC397F3A97F8405038D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
), and dorsal view (
|
||
<emphasis id="F1D52C107907DD97E78737AF303FD8CE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
) of holotype major worker (CASENT0413606).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C1C3233726BC5E69C52C5214CBFCF4FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="74B3DDCB07D8B62D21DBE9180BC61CA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (
|
||
<emphasis id="FA4248EE18BCF1BAD9B9D41A40C7932A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 10): HL: 0.47-0.52 (0.49); HW: 0.42-0.46 (0.44); SL: 0.44-0.48 (0.45); EL: 0.09-0.11 (0.1); WL: 0.58-0.63 (0.6); PSL: 0.07-0.09 (0.08); MTL: 0.34-0.39 (0.37); PNW: 0.28-0.3 (0.28); PTW: 0.07-0.08 (0.07); PPW: 0.1-0.13 (0.12); CI: 86.0-90.2 (88.5); SI: 100.2-108.4 (104.4); PSLI: 14.7-18.2 (16.3); PPI: 53.1-66.1 (60.7); PNI: 62.8-67.9 (65.4); MTI: 80.6 -86.5 (83.8).
|
||
<emphasis id="633ACF760D9B0BB2ED4E69D582BA56E8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="D8181B187404BEB3E0E57CB74F684030" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Occipital margin straight or indistinctly concave; occipital carina absent (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="F0900A8A93ACD432F3CF500C75A6EDF4" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Pheidole nemoralis Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0430850) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0460136)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure58" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">58A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pilosity moderately sparse, moderately long, suberect to erect. Head foveolate; genae smooth. Clypeus with fine and sometimes reduced foveolae; median longitudinal carina absent; two lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, surpassing the posterior head margin by one-fifth of its length; pilosity erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="46EEB41002956E55A57329EF201F2C2F" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="EA490F0D82F760A70A6DDD5E5A66296F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="E2FACA916B91A883C81306EC7916621E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In lateral view, promesonotum low, short, slightly convex, with posterior declivity smoothly declining toward propodeum; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove indistinct; propodeal spines minute, triangular, apex acute (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="54CDEA0E8D357B852932BDE96401A156" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sculpture foveolate; katepisternum, anepisternum, and mesonotum smooth. Pilosity sparse, long, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="EADAFC8A42C82F70A2DC2AFCDFACD867" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="20FA261A1B05744C4C82CC8199A7D766" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="AF42BE6955ABF6A542D0303DE96B2257" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Peduncle short and thin with ventral face slightly convex; node low, bulge-like, and small; with few short, erect setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D40DFA9D3FF9853DA8F89117EDDC37D8" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="7961F3DB569D4296005D1706ED9C9F60" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="3ACE5F3EF5734019DAD26E59A6BAFE6C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Moderately short, low, and slightly convex; with few short, erect setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2111770147B11DD17FE30AFE88804537" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="8104E82D1D75EEF5F9D4B385A85CBCD3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="CBCB131545C1B0BA2344DEE7A13061BF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
With moderately sparse, erect pilosity (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="462590610E521627BABA076C72767F5B" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="8D5DB78594F648E4356F541FE31FF1C5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="884FD6D1A83C84420728E1B3E201CD05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Unicolourous, yellow (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="E363E8860FA71CF258F682D5DC3F699D" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pheidole ala sp. nov., full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of paratype minor worker (CASENT 0427742) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of holotype major worker (CASENT 0413606)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">59C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="7E89D39A35BE9D27B52107390814FFDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="4489B21258A61A1902A6F7EF30CC0C85" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BB3E2A1F9818CD2D46FE3EC0A6E7B2AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Malagasy for forest, in reference to habitat of the species.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3C89A26571EB482E091F5DAA95B82FE2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="3007FD19807B515CDCECB2BE25EA4106" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CDF490E298A79147927AC3E882C10755" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species was collected between 520-1410 m in elevation, in rainforest and montane rainforest. Nests were located in rotten logs, and in rotten twigs on the ground.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EBAD499DB730C1B4C0F0B56E0E0F969D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="12BF367987B6F9F8E8E4DD34CD23D69C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AB7D4E13B19A0A97366BDC065F30CAF5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="98D2E227F826C23A7623A6304F9C4663" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole ala" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ala">
|
||
<emphasis id="548CDC74817B9717FF50C57B9BF5A64C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole ala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6D0F245F453B5508AA34623524130F54" lsidName="P. nemoralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nemoralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C45D3EB83B23AD3FF7B2D5D6F218398A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. nemoralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="192A2339D6FF43BB2402D2B5579BCC1D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="0CC68012887128C58D2CF36BECA42EAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="316576516694A957162A3CC4AA027780" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole ala" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ala">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB99C83057FE88039292A82C590620D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole ala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D07438756E675005AE38631486B102B" lsidName="P. nemoralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nemoralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="0E9EBA78DCB68C7D8999896872492758" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. nemoralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in frons with rugo-foveolate sculpture between rugae and never shagreened gaster.
|
||
<emphasis id="2FEF5F9A384ACF6809F2508988E9DA3D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="7C7C0571BA7D8931F6F651146F23F793" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="95C849601E01199496EBB1F7F5EC843C" authorityName="Salata & Fisher" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole ala" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ala">
|
||
<emphasis id="0465B90691BD69098B76D638FA1785BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole ala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55DD4FFEED81598D02459C1000BE0B38" lsidName="P. nemoralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="nemoralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="728937A79D98BD44BF5F24B54AA01E08" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. nemoralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in mesosoma with posterior declivity smoothly declining towards propodeum, smooth genae, and minute propodeal spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |