790 lines
95 KiB
XML
790 lines
95 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="302A5B2A6540372B64DBB0D36C3D0232">Molecular and morphological systematics of Elysia Risso, 1818 (Heterobranchia: Sacoglossa) from the Caribbean region</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C8A8A5DF611F55F0EA1B393BA88A2859">Krug, Patrick J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AD26AB94DB4F12063DDF80614D76FA15">Vendetti, Jann E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7F444856C0B212089E59A9FDBBCBEFF3">Valdés, Ángel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="469374A4C0A17ED83C79B769B1D12417">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6D0D353E25062723109B51DD3E3CF4AE">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9210225ACBFA16E8BB0301B27101179D">4148</mods:number>
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<treatment id="A04A7E6D9C76FFBE46C9FEA3FEDA1AB1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5664189" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123514822" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5664189" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A04A7E6D9C76FFBE46C9FEA3FEDA1AB1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A04A7E6D9C76FFBE46C9FEA3FEDA1AB1" lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C76FFBA46C9FEA3FE871FF3" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA46C9FEA3FDE21F12" blockId="57.[151,571,332,391]" box="[151,571,332,358]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<heading id="731478179C76FFBA46C9FEA3FDE21F12" bold="true" box="[151,571,332,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C76FFBA46C9FEA3FDE21F12" ID-CoL="6F5WY" authority="Er. Marcus, 1955" authorityName="Er. Marcus" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,571,332,358]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA46C9FEA3FDE21F12" bold="true" box="[151,571,332,358]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA46C9FEA3FE871F12" bold="true" box="[151,350,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Elysia canguzua</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA473BFEA3FDE21F12" author="Er" box="[357,571,332,358]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1955">Er. Marcus, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA46C9FE81FE871FF3" blockId="57.[151,571,332,391]" box="[151,350,366,391]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C76FFBA46C1FE81FF351FF3" box="[159,236,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1510,1532]" captionTargetBox="[239,1350,338,1481]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[235,1352,337,1489]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 6. Penial morphology of some species examined. A, Elysia ornata (LACM 178583). B – E, Elysia crispata (LACM 178640) (B); (LACM 178641) (C); (LACM 2004.5.1) (D); (isolate Ecri _ 10 LKS 03) (E). F, Elysia chlorotica (LACM 178597). G – H, Elysia patina (LACM 178650) (G); (LACM 178651) (H). I, Elysia flava (LACM 178626). J, Elysia subornata (LACM 178629). K, Elysia canguzua (LACM 178644). L, Elysia serca (CPIC 00027). M, Elysia evelinae (MZUCR INB 0003312779). N, Elysia velutinus (LACM 178642), O, Elysia papillosa (LACM 178607). P, Elysia cornigera (LACM 173227). Q, Elysia marcusi (LACM 178647), R, Elysia pratensis (CPIC 00068). S, Elysia zuleicae (LACM 178656). Abbreviations: bw, body wall; dd, deferent duct; pe, penis; s, stylet." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256952/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
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K, 30–32)
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C76FFBA46C9FE59FEB41CF0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA46C9FE59FCF21C7E" blockId="57.[151,1437,438,644]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="08F3E8559C76FFBA46C9FE59FCF21C7E" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C76FFBA46C9FE59FDC31FB8" ID-CoL="6F5WY" authority="Er. Marcus 1955: 111" authorityName="Er. Marcus" authorityPageNumber="111" authorityYear="1955" box="[151,538,438,461]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA46C9FE59FEE41FB9" box="[151,317,438,461]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Elysia canguzua</emphasis>
|
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<treatmentCitation id="A942E96A9C76FFBA471DFE58FDC31FB8" author="Er" box="[323,538,438,460]" page="111" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="1955">
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<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA471DFE58FE341FB8" author="Er" box="[323,493,438,460]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1955">Er. Marcus 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 111
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–113, figs. 45–48, 60–65 (
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<typeStatus id="F75871D99C76FFBA457CFE59FC8F1FB8" box="[802,854,438,460]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type</typeStatus>
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locality: São Sebastião
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<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA4219FE59FB5E1FB8" box="[1095,1159,438,460]" name="Iceland" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA42CFFE59FB091FB8" box="[1169,1232,438,460]" name="Brazil" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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)
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4289FE57FB341FB9" box="[1239,1261,440,461]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">—</emphasis>
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||
Er. Marcus 1957: 415, fig. 47;
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<treatmentCitation id="A942E96A9C76FFBA4719FE39FDC01F9F" author="Ev" box="[327,537,469,491]" page="67" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="1980">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA4719FE39FE2C1F9F" author="Ev" box="[327,501,469,491]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Marcus, Ev. (1980) Review of western Atlantic Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia Ascoglossa) with a description of a new Elysia species. Bulletin of Marine Science, 30, 54 - 79." type="journal article" year="1980">Ev. Marcus 1980</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 67
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–68, figs. 10, 49;
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<treatmentCitation id="A942E96A9C76FFBA4496FE39FC6E1F9F" author="Jensen" box="[712,951,469,491]" page="4" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA4496FE39FC471F9F" author="Jensen" box="[712,926,469,491]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Jensen, K. R. & Clark, K. N. (1983) Annotated checklist of Florida ascoglossan Opisthobranchia. The Nautilus, 97, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1983">Jensen & Clark 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 4
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A942E96A9C76FFBA459FFE3AFB441F9F" author="Valdes" box="[961,1181,469,491]" page="64" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="2006">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA459FFE3AFBA01F9F" author="Valdes" box="[961,1145,469,491]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Valdes, A., Hamann, J., Behrens, D. W. & DuPont, A. (2006) Caribbean Sea Slugs: A field guide to the opisthobranch mollusks from the tropical northwestern Atlantic. Sea Challengers Natural History Books, Etc., Gig Harbor, 289 pp." type="book" year="2006">
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Valdés
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4254FE39FBE41F9F" box="[1034,1085,469,491]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
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2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 64
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–65;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A942E96A9C76FFBA4293FE3AFF3A1C7E" author="Ortigosa" page="65" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="2013">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA4293FE3AFA411F9F" author="Ortigosa" box="[1229,1432,469,491]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Ortigosa, D., Simoes, N. & Calado, G. (2013) Seaslugs (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) from Campeche Bank, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Thalassas, 29, 59 - 75." type="journal article" year="2013">
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Ortigosa
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4374FE39FA841F9F" box="[1322,1373,469,491]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2013
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 65
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; Christa
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4763FE1AFEA91C7E" box="[317,368,500,522]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014: fig. 3;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="A942E96A9C76FFBA47A6FE1AFD0C1C7E" author="Krug" box="[504,725,500,522]" page="990" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="2015">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA47A6FE1AFD7B1C7E" author="Krug" box="[504,674,500,522]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Krug, P. J., Vendetti, J. E., Ellingson, R. A., Trowbridge, C. D., Hirano, Y. M., Trathen, D. Y., Rodriguez, A. K., Swennen, C., Wilson, N. G. & Valdes, A. (2015) Species selection favors dispersive life histories in sea slugs, but higher per-offspring investment drives shifts to short-lived larvae. Systematic Biology, 64, 983 - 999. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syv 046" type="journal article" year="2015">
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||
Krug
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||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA446DFE1AFDBF1C7E" box="[563,614,500,522]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2015
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 990
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 3B.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA46C9FDFDFF2B1C33" blockId="57.[151,1437,438,644]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="08F3E8559C76FFBA46C9FDFDFF2B1C33" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
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<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C76FFBA46C9FDFDFDB31C5C" ID-CoL="6F5YJ" authority="Ortea & Espinosa 2002: 130" authorityName="Ortea & Espinosa" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,618,530,552]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA46C9FDFDFEE31C5C" box="[151,314,530,552]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Elysia eugeniae</emphasis>
|
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<treatmentCitation id="A942E96A9C76FFBA471CFDFDFDB31C5C" author="Ortea" box="[322,618,530,552]" page="130" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA471CFDFDFDE11C5C" author="Ortea" box="[322,568,530,552]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Ortea, J. & Espinosa, J. (2002) Nuevas especies del genero Elysia Risso, 1818 (Mollusca: Sacoglossa) con caracteres singulares. Avicennia, 15, 129 - 140." type="journal article" year="2002">Ortea & Espinosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 130
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–133, figs. 1–2; pl. 1, fig. A (Type locality: Manzanillo, Limón, Costa Rica)
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA43D9FDFDFF2B1C33" bold="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">n. syn.</emphasis>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA46C9FDBFFEB41CF0" blockId="57.[151,1437,438,644]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="08F3E8559C76FFBA46C9FDBFFEB41CF0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C76FFBA46C9FDBFFDC01C12" ID-CoL="6F5P4" authority="Thompson 1977: 129" authorityName="Thompson" authorityPageNumber="129" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,537,592,614]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA46C9FDBFFEE11C12" box="[151,312,592,614]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Elysia purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="A942E96A9C76FFBA4761FDBFFDC01C12" author="Thompson" box="[319,537,592,614]" page="129" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA4761FDBFFE311C12" author="Thompson" box="[319,488,592,614]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Thompson, T. E. (1977) Jamaican opisthobranch molluscs I. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 43, 93 - 140, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 129
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–130, figs. 25f–g, 26h (Type locality: Lazaretto Cairn, approaches to Kingston Harbour, Jamaica)
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4779FD81FEB41CF0" bold="true" box="[295,365,622,644]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">n. syn.</emphasis>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C76FFBA46C9FD5EFEA51AEA" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA46C9FD5EFB031C9A" blockId="57.[151,1437,689,2010]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA46C9FD5EFE971CBE" bold="true" box="[151,334,689,714]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type material.</emphasis>
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||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4703FD5EFDEE1CBD" box="[349,567,689,714]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C76FFBA4703FD5EFE7A1CBE" box="[349,419,689,714]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Elysia</taxonomicName>
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||
canguzua—
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
untraceable, not at MZSP (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C76FFBA45D9FD5EFAE01CBE" author="Siqueira" box="[903,1337,689,714]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" refString="Siqueira Dornellas, A. P. & Simone, L. R. (2011) Annotated list of type specimens of mollusks deposited in Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Arquivos de Zoologia, 42, 1 - 81. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2176 - 7793. v 42 i 1 p 1 - 81" type="journal article" year="2011">Siqueira Dornellas & Simone 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4308FD5EFECC1C99" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C76FFBA4308FD5EFA451CBE" box="[1366,1436,689,714]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Elysia</taxonomicName>
|
||
eugeniae—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype (MZUCR INB0001497478);
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4492FD3AFC4F1C9A" box="[716,918,725,750]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C76FFBA4492FD3AFCCB1C9A" box="[716,786,725,750]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Elysia</taxonomicName>
|
||
purchoni—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype (BMNH 19775.W)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA4699FD16FAD01D2D" blockId="57.[151,1437,689,2010]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="988BC5269C76FFBA4699FD16FA4F1D66" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291049033" box="[199,1430,761,786]" collectionCode="LACM" country="United States of America" location="Material" municipality="Dry Tortugas National Park" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCode="LACM 178644" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Florida">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4699FD16FE601D66" bold="true" box="[199,441,761,786]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<location id="2D3C99A09C76FFBA4699FD16FEF61D66" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A04A7E6D9C76FFBE46C9FEA3FEDA1AB1:2D3C99A09C76FFBA4699FD16FEF61D66" box="[199,303,761,786]" country="United States of America" municipality="Dry Tortugas National Park" name="Material" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Florida">Material</location>
|
||
examined.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="C83855019C76FFBA4797FD15FCC51D66" box="[457,796,761,786]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Dry Tortugas National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C76FFBA456EFD16FC5D1D66" box="[816,900,761,786]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA45C6FD15FC0A1D66" box="[920,979,762,786]" name="United States of America" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 2010,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3EE504F29C76FFBA4268FD15FB641D66" box="[1078,1213,761,786]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="784567009C76FFBA4288FD15FA521D66" box="[1238,1419,761,786]" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectionCode id="4EF257BE9C76FFBA4288FD15FAFE1D66" box="[1238,1319,762,786]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
178644
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="988BC5269C76FFBA46C9FCF2FCC31D42" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291049036" box="[151,794,797,822]" collectingDate="2013-07-14" collectionCode="LACM" country="Martinique" location="Martinique" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCode="LACM 178643" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA46C9FCF2FECE1D42" box="[151,279,797,822]" name="Martinique" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Martinique</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="4C1910539C76FFBA477AFCF1FE641D42" box="[292,445,797,822]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2013-07-14">
|
||
<date id="5C5DE9BB9C76FFBA477AFCF1FE641D42" box="[292,445,797,822]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2013-07-14">14 July 2013</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3EE504F29C76FFBA4795FCF1FD951D42" box="[459,588,797,822]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="784567009C76FFBA4403FCF1FCCA1D42" box="[605,787,797,822]" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectionCode id="4EF257BE9C76FFBA4403FCF1FD691D42" box="[605,688,798,822]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
178643
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="988BC5269C76FFBA4576FCF1FE101D2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291049040" collectingDate="2006-01-07" collectionCode="LACM" country="Costa Rica" location="Cahuita" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCode="LACM 178645" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Vargas">
|
||
Puerto
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C76FFBA4525FCF1FC131D42" box="[891,970,798,822]" country="Venezuela" name="Vargas" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Vargas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="2D3C99A09C76FFBA4586FCF2FBEB1D42" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A04A7E6D9C76FFBE46C9FEA3FEDA1AB1:2D3C99A09C76FFBA4586FCF2FBEB1D42" box="[984,1074,797,822]" country="Costa Rica" name="Cahuita" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Vargas">Cahuita</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA421EFCF1FB661D42" box="[1088,1215,797,822]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="4C1910539C76FFBA4293FCF1FA591D42" box="[1229,1408,797,822]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2006-01-07">
|
||
<date id="5C5DE9BB9C76FFBA4293FCF1FA591D42" box="[1229,1408,797,822]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2006-01-07">7 January 2006</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3EE504F29C76FFBA43D0FCF1FED81D2E" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="784567009C76FFBA4751FCADFE1B1D2E" box="[271,450,833,858]" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectionCode id="4EF257BE9C76FFBA4751FCADFEBB1D2E" box="[271,354,834,858]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
178645
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="988BC5269C76FFBA478BFCAEFADB1D2E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291049043" box="[469,1282,833,858]" collectionCode="MZUCR, INB" country="Costa Rica" location="Manzanillo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCode="INB0001497478" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Limon">
|
||
<location id="2D3C99A09C76FFBA478BFCAEFD8E1D2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A04A7E6D9C76FFBE46C9FEA3FEDA1AB1:2D3C99A09C76FFBA478BFCAEFD8E1D2E" box="[469,599,833,858]" country="Costa Rica" name="Manzanillo" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Limon">Manzanillo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C76FFBA443CFCAEFD691D2E" box="[610,688,833,858]" country="Costa Rica" name="Limon" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Limón</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA44E5FCADFCE11D2E" box="[699,824,833,858]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3EE504F29C76FFBA451DFCADFC1B1D2E" box="[835,962,833,858]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="4EF257BE9C76FFBA458CFCADFBEF1D2E" box="[978,1078,834,858]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">MZUCR</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="784567009C76FFBA4263FCADFB221D2E" box="[1085,1275,834,858]" collectionCode="INB" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14937" name="Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectionCode id="4EF257BE9C76FFBA4263FCADFBB51D2E" box="[1085,1132,834,858]" country="Costa Rica" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14937" name="Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">INB</collectionCode>
|
||
0001497478
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA4699FC8AFD7E1DB2" blockId="57.[151,1437,689,2010]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="988BC5269C76FFBA4699FC8AFA921DD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291049047" collectingDate="1987-07-01" collectingDateMax="2013-07-14" collectingDateMin="1987-07-01" collectionCode="LACM" country="Martinique" county="St. Vincent" location="Ecang" municipality="Carriacou island" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCode="LACM 178645" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Grenadines">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4699FC8AFDE61D0A" bold="true" box="[199,575,869,894]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA4415FC8AFD121D0A" box="[587,715,869,894]" name="Martinique" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Martinique</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="4C1910539C76FFBA4485FC89FCA31D0A" box="[731,890,869,894]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2013-07-14">
|
||
<date id="5C5DE9BB9C76FFBA4485FC89FCA31D0A" box="[731,890,869,894]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2013-07-14">14 July 2013</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3EE504F29C76FFBA45D4FC89FBC31D0A" box="[906,1050,869,894]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(isolate
|
||
<location id="2D3C99A09C76FFBA42DBFC89FB141D0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A04A7E6D9C76FFBE46C9FEA3FEDA1AB1:2D3C99A09C76FFBA42DBFC89FB141D0A" box="[1157,1229,870,894]" country="Martinique" county="St. Vincent" municipality="Carriacou island" name="Ecang" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Grenadines">Ecang</location>
|
||
_
|
||
<collectingDate id="4C1910539C76FFBA4282FC89FA9B1D0A" box="[1244,1346,870,894]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2002-03-13">
|
||
<date id="5C5DE9BB9C76FFBA4282FC89FA9B1D0A" box="[1244,1346,870,894]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2002-03-13">13Mar02</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
, isolate
|
||
<location id="2D3C99A09C76FFBA46C9FC65FF391DD6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A04A7E6D9C76FFBE46C9FEA3FEDA1AB1:2D3C99A09C76FFBA46C9FC65FF391DD6" box="[151,224,906,930]" country="Martinique" county="St. Vincent" municipality="Carriacou island" name="Ecang" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Grenadines">Ecang</location>
|
||
_
|
||
<collectingDate id="4C1910539C76FFBA46B1FC65FE8C1DD6" box="[239,341,906,930]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2003-03-13">
|
||
<date id="5C5DE9BB9C76FFBA46B1FC65FE8C1DD6" box="[239,341,906,930]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2003-03-13">13Mar03</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="C83855019C76FFBA473EFC66FDC31DD6" box="[352,538,905,930]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Carriacou island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="C13DB7F79C76FFBA447BFC65FD791DD6" box="[549,672,905,930]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">St. Vincent</collectingCounty>
|
||
and the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C76FFBA44A1FC66FC581DD6" box="[767,897,905,930]" country="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" name="Grenadines" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Grenadines</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="4C1910539C76FFBA45D2FC66FBCC1DD6" box="[908,1045,905,930]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1987-07-01">
|
||
<date id="5C5DE9BB9C76FFBA45D2FC66FBCC1DD6" box="[908,1045,905,930]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="1987-07-01">July 1987, 1</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
specimen (
|
||
<specimenCode id="784567009C76FFBA42CAFC65FA991DD6" box="[1172,1344,905,930]" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectionCode id="4EF257BE9C76FFBA42CAFC65FB3C1DD6" box="[1172,1253,906,930]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">LACM</collectionCode>
|
||
178645
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="988BC5269C76FFBA4309FC65FD7A1DB2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291049050" collectingDate="2015-07-30" country="Panama" location="Bocas del Toro" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="10" stateProvince="Bocas del Toro">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C76FFBA4309FC65FF2E1DB1" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA475DFC41FE861DB1" box="[259,351,942,965]" name="Panama" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="4C1910539C76FFBA4737FC41FE241DB2" box="[361,509,941,966]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2015-07-30">
|
||
<date id="5C5DE9BB9C76FFBA4737FC41FE241DB2" box="[361,509,941,966]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" value="2015-07-30">30 July 2015</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3EE504F29C76FFBA4456FC41FD7A1DB2" box="[520,675,941,966]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA4699FC3EFEA51AEA" blockId="57.[151,1437,689,2010]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4699FC3EFE871D9E" bold="true" box="[199,350,977,1002]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Live animal.</emphasis>
|
||
The Dry
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA4793FC3DFDF61D9E" box="[461,559,978,1002]" name="Haiti" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Tortugas</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen, a juvenile, emerged from a collection of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C76FFBA42DEFC3DFA931D9E" box="[1152,1354,977,1002]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Bryopsidaceae" genus="Bryopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="plumosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA42DEFC3DFA931D9E" box="[1152,1354,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Bryopsis plumosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C76FFBA4331FC3DFA451D9D" box="[1391,1436,978,1002]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
|
||
depth from a seawall. Specimen fed on alga in the lab for 4.5 months, reaching
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C76FFBA4246FC19FBB11A79" box="[1048,1128,1014,1038]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length. While feeding, a strand of white exudate was frequently released from the anus. Parapodia were typically held open when resting. Specimen did not swim when disturbed. Specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C76FFBA4565FBD1FC4D1A21" box="[827,916,1086,1109]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C76FFBA4565FBD1FC4D1A21" box="[827,916,1086,1109]" name="Panama" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
(n=10) were also obtained from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C76FFBA4344FBD1FA451A22" box="[1306,1436,1085,1110]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Bryopsidaceae" genus="Bryopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="plumosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4344FBD1FA451A22" box="[1306,1436,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">B. plumosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
growing in a sheltered cove, and conformed in all other respects to the previous specimen. Copulation was observed frequently.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C76FFB94699FB46FD10193E" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA4699FB46FD9F1B02" blockId="57.[151,1437,689,2010]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C76FFBA4699FB46FE7D1AB6" bold="true" box="[199,420,1193,1218]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">External anatomy.</emphasis>
|
||
Overall color dark to olive green on head and outer surface of parapodia, due to ramifying digestive diverticula. Exterior body surface generally smooth with sparse, low papillae; covered with dense, uniformly scattered tiny orange or red spots, and smaller iridescent blue specks. White spots scattered in uneven rows across sides of parapodia and head. White patches visible through epidermis from underlying white glands. Body shape dominated by a large siphonal opening just posterior to pericardium, with two smaller openings at the middle and end of body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C76FFBA47EEFAB2FDDA1B02" box="[432,515,1373,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1329,1351]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[151,1436,409,1308]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 30. Elysia canguzua, external morphology of live specimen from Dry Tortugas, FL, USA (length of slug = 12 mm). A, Dorsal view of head, showing raised anal papilla and renopericardium. B, Side view of same specimen. Swollen white pustular glands visible inside parapodia. C, Ventral surface of foot, showing transverse groove separating the head. D, Interior of parapodia, showing renopericardial complex and dorsal vessels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256978/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA4699FA6EFC7D1806" blockId="57.[151,1437,689,2010]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Raised bump at center top of head, between large eye spots. Upper lip with moustache of tiny black spots; lower lip lined in white. Digestive diverticula extend into both top and bottom lips. Rhinophores short relative to body length (1.5 mm on relaxed
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C76FFBA4448FA25FDB11B95" box="[534,616,1482,1506]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
animal), as long as distance from bump on head to anal papilla. Blunt tipped, with terminal white patch. Surface of rhinophores with same texture and color as rest of head, penetrated by green digestive diverticula throughout. Foot distinct from parapodia, set off by longitudinal groove on either side of body, but coloration same as parapodial surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C76FFBA449DF9DAFCC1183A" box="[707,792,1589,1614]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1329,1351]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[151,1436,409,1308]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 30. Elysia canguzua, external morphology of live specimen from Dry Tortugas, FL, USA (length of slug = 12 mm). A, Dorsal view of head, showing raised anal papilla and renopericardium. B, Side view of same specimen. Swollen white pustular glands visible inside parapodia. C, Ventral surface of foot, showing transverse groove separating the head. D, Interior of parapodia, showing renopericardial complex and dorsal vessels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256978/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Transverse groove separating underside of head from the rest of the body.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C76FFBA4725F9B6FE711806" box="[379,424,1625,1650]" country="Cayman Islands" name="East End" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">End</collectingRegion>
|
||
of foot tapering to an elongated, pointed tail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFBA4699F991FAAB191A" blockId="57.[151,1437,689,2010]" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Large, anterior siphonal opening formed by laterally extended side-flaps of parapodia, which fold away from body; parapodia are one half body-length in width at widest point (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C76FFBA45F8F94EFC2518CE" box="[934,1020,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1329,1351]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[151,1436,409,1308]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 30. Elysia canguzua, external morphology of live specimen from Dry Tortugas, FL, USA (length of slug = 12 mm). A, Dorsal view of head, showing raised anal papilla and renopericardium. B, Side view of same specimen. Swollen white pustular glands visible inside parapodia. C, Ventral surface of foot, showing transverse groove separating the head. D, Interior of parapodia, showing renopericardial complex and dorsal vessels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256978/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Parapodia narrow about halfway down body, then widening into second, smaller siphonal opening. From anterior end to widest part of first siphon, parapodial margin green, crossed by regular white bars. Thereafter, thick white band running along margin, bordered by diverticula and white spots, with intermittent yellow-green splotches along margin; band extending to posterior end of second siphonal opening, thereafter margin green with regularly spaced white spots. Interior of parapodia milky white, with scattered clumps of dark green diverticula, and patches of white or light blue dots.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C76FFB94699F895FC0F1F11" blockId="57.[151,1437,689,2010]" lastBlockId="58.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Large, raised anal papilla on dorsal surface, anterior and right of renopericardium inside large siphonal opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C76FFBA46C1F872FF2919C2" box="[159,240,1949,1974]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1329,1351]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[151,1436,409,1308]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 30. Elysia canguzua, external morphology of live specimen from Dry Tortugas, FL, USA (length of slug = 12 mm). A, Dorsal view of head, showing raised anal papilla and renopericardium. B, Side view of same specimen. Swollen white pustular glands visible inside parapodia. C, Ventral surface of foot, showing transverse groove separating the head. D, Interior of parapodia, showing renopericardial complex and dorsal vessels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256978/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
A, D). Anus opening from center of papilla, ringed in white. Rounded pericardium covered by dense cap of green diverticula; short, tapering renopericardium, yellow-white with orange dots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C76FFBA4215F82EFB4619AE" box="[1099,1183,1985,2010]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="58.[151,250,1329,1351]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@58.[151,1436,409,1308]" captionTargetPageId="58" captionText="FIGURE 30. Elysia canguzua, external morphology of live specimen from Dry Tortugas, FL, USA (length of slug = 12 mm). A, Dorsal view of head, showing raised anal papilla and renopericardium. B, Side view of same specimen. Swollen white pustular glands visible inside parapodia. C, Ventral surface of foot, showing transverse groove separating the head. D, Interior of parapodia, showing renopericardial complex and dorsal vessels." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256978/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
D). One pair of dorsal vessels emerging from posterior end of pericardial complex, clear except for a few scattered white spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C75FFB94365FF78FA561EC4" box="[1339,1423,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="59.[151,250,1225,1247]" captionTargetBox="[347,1237,369,1196]" captionTargetId="figure@59.[340,1247,359,1203]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 31. Elysia canguzua, drawings of renopericardium and dorsal vessel network from a preserved specimen (LACM 178643; 5.5 mm long × 5 mm wide)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256979/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
). Vessels thick, ~100 µm diameter, bifurcating. Posterior to first large siphon opening, dorsal vessels and accompanying clear swellings fusing one or both interior edges of parapodia to dorsal body surface, making parapodia thickened. At posterior end of body, parapodia form a third, smaller siphonal opening. Interior of parapodia and dorsal surface dominated by irregularly sized and shaped swollen white pustules, around which vessels may branch or wind; may be clear or filled with milky white fluid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7C9C9FF39C75FFB946C9FADEFCE31BD7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256978/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" targetBox="[151,1436,409,1307]" targetPageId="58">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C75FFB946C9FADEFCE31BD7" blockId="58.[151,1436,1329,1443]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB946C9FADEFEF91B33" bold="true" box="[151,288,1329,1351]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 30.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C75FFB94778FADEFE141B33" box="[294,461,1329,1351]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB94778FADEFE141B33" box="[294,461,1329,1351]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Elysia canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, external morphology of live specimen from Dry Tortugas, FL, USA (length of slug = 12 mm).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB946C9FABFFF761B12" bold="true" box="[151,175,1360,1382]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">A,</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view of head, showing raised anal papilla and renopericardium.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB945F4FABFFC181B12" bold="true" box="[938,961,1360,1382]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">B,</emphasis>
|
||
Side view of same specimen. Swollen white pustular glands visible inside parapodia.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB94468FA81FD891BF0" bold="true" box="[566,592,1390,1412]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">C,</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral surface of foot, showing transverse groove separating the head.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB9436FFA81FA901BF0" bold="true" box="[1329,1353,1390,1412]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">D,</emphasis>
|
||
Interior of parapodia, showing renopericardial complex and dorsal vessels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C75FFB94699FA25FB0818E3" blockId="58.[151,1436,1482,2011]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB94699FA25FE441B97" bold="true" box="[199,413,1482,1507]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Internal anatomy.</emphasis>
|
||
Radula with 14–16 teeth (LACM 178643–44, LACM 178646), 8–9 teeth in ascending limb and
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C75FFB94698FA01FED71873" box="[198,270,1518,1543]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.651" metricValueMax="1.778" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="in" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 in</quantity>
|
||
descending limb (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C75FFB94783FA01FDE91873" box="[477,560,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,409,1909]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 32. Elysia canguzua, SEM of radulae. A, Radula, without ascus (LACM 178643). B, Leading tooth (LACM 178643). C, Radula, without ascus (LACM 178644). D, Leading tooth, showing smooth lateral edge (LACM 178644). E, Close-up of cusp showing denticles. F, Leading tooth (LACM 178645)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256980/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
A,C). Leading tooth elongate and robust with a subtle and smooth lateral edge on each side and cusp bearing approximately 67 very small, rounded denticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C75FFB94232F9FDFB1F185F" box="[1132,1222,1554,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,409,1909]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 32. Elysia canguzua, SEM of radulae. A, Radula, without ascus (LACM 178643). B, Leading tooth (LACM 178643). C, Radula, without ascus (LACM 178644). D, Leading tooth, showing smooth lateral edge (LACM 178644). E, Close-up of cusp showing denticles. F, Leading tooth (LACM 178645)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256980/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
B, D–F). Housing depression for interlocking teeth “V”-shaped and extending ¾ total tooth length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C75FFB94277F9D9FBA5183B" box="[1065,1148,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="60.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,409,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@60.[151,1436,409,1909]" captionTargetPageId="60" captionText="FIGURE 32. Elysia canguzua, SEM of radulae. A, Radula, without ascus (LACM 178643). B, Leading tooth (LACM 178643). C, Radula, without ascus (LACM 178644). D, Leading tooth, showing smooth lateral edge (LACM 178644). E, Close-up of cusp showing denticles. F, Leading tooth (LACM 178645)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256980/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Tooth cusps, in lateral view, with two sections divided longitudinally, a thin and sharp basal half and a wider, thicker upper half. Base of tooth about ¼ total tooth length. Ascus containing jumbled heap of discarded teeth (not figured).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C75FFB94699F94DFB4B18AB" blockId="58.[151,1436,1482,2011]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Penis large and elongate with rigid musculature resistant to desiccation (LACM 178644, LACM 178646), and tapering into a rounded tip devoid of armature (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C75FFB944F5F929FD3618AB" box="[683,751,1734,1759]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1510,1532]" captionTargetBox="[239,1350,338,1481]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[235,1352,337,1489]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 6. Penial morphology of some species examined. A, Elysia ornata (LACM 178583). B – E, Elysia crispata (LACM 178640) (B); (LACM 178641) (C); (LACM 2004.5.1) (D); (isolate Ecri _ 10 LKS 03) (E). F, Elysia chlorotica (LACM 178597). G – H, Elysia patina (LACM 178650) (G); (LACM 178651) (H). I, Elysia flava (LACM 178626). J, Elysia subornata (LACM 178629). K, Elysia canguzua (LACM 178644). L, Elysia serca (CPIC 00027). M, Elysia evelinae (MZUCR INB 0003312779). N, Elysia velutinus (LACM 178642), O, Elysia papillosa (LACM 178607). P, Elysia cornigera (LACM 173227). Q, Elysia marcusi (LACM 178647), R, Elysia pratensis (CPIC 00068). S, Elysia zuleicae (LACM 178656). Abbreviations: bw, body wall; dd, deferent duct; pe, penis; s, stylet." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256952/files/figure.png" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
K). Deferent duct narrow and simple.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C75FFB94699F905FD10193E" blockId="58.[151,1436,1482,2011]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB94699F905FD941977" bold="true" box="[199,589,1770,1795]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Reproduction and development.</emphasis>
|
||
Development was reported as planktotrophic by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C75FFB942D2F904FA401977" author="Jensen" box="[1164,1433,1770,1795]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refString="Jensen, K. R. & Clark, K. N. (1983) Annotated checklist of Florida ascoglossan Opisthobranchia. The Nautilus, 97, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1983">Jensen & Clark (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C75FFB946C9F8E0FE681953" author="Ortea" box="[151,433,1806,1831]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refString="Ortea, J. & Espinosa, J. (2002) Nuevas especies del genero Elysia Risso, 1818 (Mollusca: Sacoglossa) con caracteres singulares. Avicennia, 15, 129 - 140." type="journal article" year="2002">Ortea & Espinosa (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported an egg cordon of irregular shape, containing white eggs 85–103 µm, irregularly arranged in the jelly matrix.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C75FFB9478BF8DCFE2E193E" box="[469,503,1843,1866]" country="Haiti" name="Nord" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">No</collectingRegion>
|
||
ECY was present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C75FFB84699F8B9FB941EA0" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C75FFB94699F8B9FD4619C3" blockId="58.[151,1436,1482,2011]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB94699F8B9FEBF191B" bold="true" box="[199,358,1878,1903]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Host ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
The Dry
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C75FFB9478BF8B8FDEE191B" box="[469,567,1879,1903]" name="Haiti" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Tortugas</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen was collected from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C75FFB945CCF8B8FB85191B" box="[914,1116,1878,1903]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Bryopsidaceae" genus="Bryopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="plumosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB945CCF8B8FB85191B" box="[914,1116,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Bryopsis plumosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on which it fed readily.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C75FFB94322F8B8FEE519E7" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article">Er. Marcus (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C75FFB94430F895FD6B19E7" box="[622,690,1914,1939]" name="Brazil" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
as feeding on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C75FFB9450BF895FC7719E7" box="[853,942,1914,1939]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Codiaceae" genus="Codium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB9450BF895FC7719E7" box="[853,942,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Codium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C75FFB9425FF894FB2619E7" author="Jensen" box="[1025,1279,1914,1939]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refString="Jensen, K. R. & Clark, K. N. (1983) Annotated checklist of Florida ascoglossan Opisthobranchia. The Nautilus, 97, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1983">Jensen & Clark (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C75FFB946C9F870FECC19C3" box="[151,277,1950,1975]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Bryopsidaceae" genus="Bryopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="plumosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB946C9F870FECC19C3" box="[151,277,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">B. plumosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C75FFB94715F871FE7D19C3" box="[331,420,1950,1975]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Codiaceae" genus="Codium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB94715F871FE7D19C3" box="[331,420,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Codium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. as preferred hosts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C75FFB84699F82DFB941EA0" blockId="58.[151,1436,1482,2011]" lastBlockId="59.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB94699F82DFDD219AF" bold="true" box="[199,523,1986,2011]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Phylogenetic relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C75FFB94448F82DFD0A19AF" box="[534,723,1986,2011]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C75FFB94448F82DFD0A19AF" box="[534,723,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Elysia canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recovered as a member of subclade 2, sister to a clade comprising
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84741FF76FE6D1EC4" box="[287,436,151,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chlorotica">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84741FF76FE6D1EC4" box="[287,436,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. chlorotica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84786FF76FDEE1EC4" box="[472,567,153,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="serca">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84786FF76FDEE1EC4" box="[472,567,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. serca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C74FFB84417FF78FD481EC4" box="[585,657,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[222,1338,197,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[222,1338,193,1823]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic hypothesis for family Plakobranchidae rooted on genus Bosellia (not shown) to illustrate relationships within the genera Elysia, Plakobranchus and Thuridilla. Topology and branch lengths are from Maximum Likelihood analysis of concatenated DNA sequences (2,807 bp total) representing portions of two mitochondrial (COI, 16 S) and two nuclear (H 3, 28 S) genes. Significant support values are given as ML bootstrap percentages (below branch), or BI posterior probabilities (above branch); asterisk = 1.0 or 100 % support. Species discussed in this study are bolded. Triangle denotes presence of a penial stylet." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256950/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The host algae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84521FF76FBD51EC4" box="[895,1036,153,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84521FF76FBD51EC4" box="[895,1036,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also consumed by some other members of subclade 2,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB847F6FF52FDD61EA1" box="[424,527,188,213]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="viridis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB847F6FF52FDD61EA1" box="[424,527,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84441FF53FDA11EA1" box="[543,632,188,213]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Codiaceae" genus="Codium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84441FF53FDA11EA1" box="[543,632,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Codium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB844F0FF52FCC91EA0" box="[686,784,189,212]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Bryopsidaceae" genus="Bryopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB844F0FF52FCC91EA0" box="[686,784,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Bryopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84511FF52FB9E1EA0" authority="(Bryopsis)" baseAuthorityName="Bryopsis" box="[847,1095,188,212]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Tridachia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84511FF52FC121EA0" box="[847,971,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. crispata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84585FF52FBE41EA0" box="[987,1085,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Bryopsis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C74FFB84699FF30FB2F1F34" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C74FFB84699FF30FB2F1F34" blockId="59.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84699FF30FEC31E8C" bold="true" box="[199,282,223,248]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
Brazil (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB84728FF0FFDEF1E8C" author="Er" box="[374,566,223,248]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1955">Er. Marcus 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB8441DFF0FFCDE1E8C" author="Ev" box="[579,775,224,248]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Marcus, Ev. (1980) Review of western Atlantic Elysiidae (Opisthobranchia Ascoglossa) with a description of a new Elysia species. Bulletin of Marine Science, 30, 54 - 79." type="journal article" year="1980">Ev. Marcus 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Costa Rica (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB845F8FF0FFB6D1E8C" author="Ortea" box="[934,1204,223,248]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Ortea, J. & Espinosa, J. (2002) Nuevas especies del genero Elysia Risso, 1818 (Mollusca: Sacoglossa) con caracteres singulares. Avicennia, 15, 129 - 140." type="journal article" year="2002">Ortea & Espinosa 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB8429EFF30FA491E8C" author="Valdes" box="[1216,1424,223,248]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Valdes, A., Hamann, J., Behrens, D. W. & DuPont, A. (2006) Caribbean Sea Slugs: A field guide to the opisthobranch mollusks from the tropical northwestern Atlantic. Sea Challengers Natural History Books, Etc., Gig Harbor, 289 pp." type="book" year="2006">
|
||
Valdés
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB8434DFF0EFA951E8C" box="[1299,1356,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Florida, USA (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB84763FEEBFDE91F68" author="Jensen" box="[317,560,260,285]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Jensen, K. R. & Clark, K. N. (1983) Annotated checklist of Florida ascoglossan Opisthobranchia. The Nautilus, 97, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1983">Jensen & Clark 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Jamaica (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB844F0FEEBFCB31F68" author="Thompson" box="[686,874,260,285]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Thompson, T. E. (1977) Jamaican opisthobranch molluscs I. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 43, 93 - 140, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Martinique (present study), Mexico (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB84340FEEBFF2E1F34" author="Ortigosa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Ortigosa, D., Simoes, N. & Calado, G. (2013) Seaslugs (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia) from Campeche Bank, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. Thalassas, 29, 59 - 75." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Ortigosa
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB843D6FEEAFF6D1F34" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Carriacou island, St. Vincent and the Grenadines (present study), Panama (present study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="7C9C9FF39C74FFB846C9FB26FDD41A89" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256979/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" targetBox="[347,1237,369,1196]" targetPageId="59">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C74FFB846C9FB26FDD41A89" blockId="59.[151,1435,1225,1277]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB846C9FB26FEF81AAB" bold="true" box="[151,289,1225,1247]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 31.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84774FB26FE0A1AAB" box="[298,467,1225,1247]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84774FB26FE0A1AAB" box="[298,467,1225,1247]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Elysia canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, drawings of renopericardium and dorsal vessel network from a preserved specimen (LACM 178643; 5.5 mm long × 5 mm wide).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C74FFBE4699FACBFEDA1AB1" lastPageId="61" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C74FFB84699FACBFDCB18D1" blockId="59.[151,1437,1316,2026]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84699FACBFEE21B49" bold="true" box="[199,315,1316,1341]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB8471CFACBFDD51B49" author="Thompson" box="[322,524,1316,1341]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Thompson, T. E. (1977) Jamaican opisthobranch molluscs I. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 43, 93 - 140, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB844D8FAC9FCD01B49" box="[646,777,1316,1341]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB844D8FAC9FCD01B49" box="[646,777,1316,1341]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a single specimen,
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C74FFB84278FACBFBBE1B49" box="[1062,1127,1316,1341]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, based on purportedly distinguishing characteristics: a row of black spots on the oral lobes; “numerous orange specks on all exposed surfaces;” a lateral ridge on the radular tooth; and the large anterior siphonal opening. His description of external morphology and radular teeth entirely conform to the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB845C7FA7DFBFA1BDD" box="[921,1059,1426,1449]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB845C7FA7DFBFA1BDD" box="[921,1059,1426,1449]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C74FFB8426CFA7DFB8D1BDD" box="[1074,1108,1426,1449]" country="Haiti" name="Nord" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">No</collectingRegion>
|
||
mention of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84280FA7DFAB01BDD" box="[1246,1385,1426,1449]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84280FA7DFAB01BDD" box="[1246,1385,1426,1449]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was made in Thompson’s (1977) remarks on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84403FA59FD391BBA" box="[605,736,1461,1486]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84403FA59FD391BBA" box="[605,736,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suggesting he was unaware of Er. Marcus’ (1955) description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB846E8FA35FE991B85" box="[182,320,1498,1521]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB846E8FA35FE991B85" box="[182,320,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB84711FA35FDC41B86" box="[335,541,1497,1522]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article">Er. Marcus (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred to the moustache of black spots on the upper “lip”, or front of the oral lobes, as a “transverse arc on each side of the head,” and depicted the row of black spots in his illustration of the feeding animal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB84708F9CEFDC4184E" author="Er" box="[342,541,1569,1594]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1955">Er. Marcus 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs. 61–63). Although a similar moustache of black spots is present on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB843DAF9CDFEDC1829" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB843DAF9CDFEDC1829" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. cornigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the extended lateral wing-flaps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB844CBF9A9FCFA1829" box="[661,803,1606,1629]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB844CBF9A9FCFA1829" box="[661,803,1606,1629]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. cornigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do not form a rounded siphonal opening as depicted for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB846C9F985FEC018F6" box="[151,281,1641,1666]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB846C9F985FEC018F6" box="[151,281,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB84779F986FDE318F6" author="Thompson" box="[295,570,1641,1666]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Thompson, T. E. (1977) Jamaican opisthobranch molluscs I. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 43, 93 - 140, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1977" yearSuffix="f">Thompson 1977: fig 25f</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) whereas those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84557F985FC4D18F5" box="[777,916,1642,1665]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84557F985FC4D18F5" box="[777,916,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
do form such an opening. Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB8435EF985FA5A18F6" box="[1280,1411,1641,1666]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB8435EF985FA5A18F6" box="[1280,1411,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB847DEF961FDD218D1" box="[384,523,1678,1701]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB847DEF961FDD218D1" box="[384,523,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C74FFBF4699F95EFAEC1F11" blockId="59.[151,1437,1316,2026]" lastBlockId="60.[151,1437,151,357]" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB84699F95EFE3A18BD" author="Ortea" box="[199,483,1713,1738]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Ortea, J. & Espinosa, J. (2002) Nuevas especies del genero Elysia Risso, 1818 (Mollusca: Sacoglossa) con caracteres singulares. Avicennia, 15, 129 - 140." type="journal article" year="2002">Ortea & Espinosa (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84401F95DFD3D18BD" box="[607,740,1714,1737]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84401F95DFD3D18BD" box="[607,740,1714,1737]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. eugeniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C74FFB844AAF95EFC9C18BD" box="[756,837,1713,1737]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
in body length) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C74FFB8421FF95EFB6618BE" box="[1089,1215,1713,1738]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C74FFB8421FF95EFB5818BD" box="[1089,1153,1713,1737]" country="Tanzania" name="Pwani" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
Rica
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
, found on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84364F95DFF2E1899" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Bryopsidaceae" genus="Bryopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Bryopsidales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="muscosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84364F95DFF2E1899" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Bryopsis muscosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Their description conforms in all respects to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84512F939FC0E1899" box="[844,983,1750,1773]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84512F939FC0E1899" box="[844,983,1750,1773]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, without the crucial penial anatomy that is distinctive to this species. They noted that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB844D2F915FCCF1965" box="[652,790,1786,1809]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB844D2F915FCCF1965" box="[652,790,1786,1809]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was similar in its dorsal vessels, color pattern and radular teeth, but identified their material as distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C74FFB84484F8F1FCBE1941" box="[730,871,1822,1845]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C74FFB84484F8F1FCBE1941" box="[730,871,1822,1845]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on (1) the very prominent anal papilla, (2) absence of black pigment inside the rhinophores, and (3) longer radular teeth. To the first point, although an anal papilla was not explicitly mentioned in Er. Marcus’s (1955) description, the position of the anus is well described (“anus lies dorso-laterally in the shoulder fold and beneath it the single female opening”), and a raised papilla is clearly present on the close-up figure of the head (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C74FFB84480F842FC7B19B2" author="Er" box="[734,930,1965,1990]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1955">Er. Marcus 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 64). In terms of pigmentation, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="F75871D99C74FFB84332F841FA4519B2" box="[1388,1436,1966,1990]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material was described as having black pigment lining the inside of the rhinophores, and forming a transverse arc on each side of the head, a patch on the shoulder fold, and a line along the parapodial margin in some specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C73FFBF46C1FF53FEB41EA1" author="Er" box="[159,365,188,213]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="1955">Er. Marcus 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Our specimens lacked any notable black pigment, but were otherwise identical to the description of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C73FFBF4765FF0FFDD41E8C" box="[315,525,223,248]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article">Er. Marcus (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; we therefore consider the presence or absence of black pigment to reflect intraspecific polymorphism. Fittingly,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C73FFBF444FFEEAFD051F69" box="[529,732,260,285]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article">Er. Marcus (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted in his remarks on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C73FFBF45B3FEEAFBA11F68" box="[1005,1144,261,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF45B3FEEAFBA11F68" box="[1005,1144,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that “the separation of the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C73FFBF4752FEC8FE8B1F34" box="[268,338,295,320]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF4752FEC8FE8B1F34" box="[268,338,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Elysia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot continue on the basis of colour, thickness and extension of the parapodia, form of the head, and radula,” placing emphasis on the reproductive anatomy including the vaginal and penial morphology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7C9C9FF39C73FFBF46C9F865FD3619A9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256980/files/figure.png" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" targetBox="[151,1436,409,1907]" targetPageId="60">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C73FFBF46C9F865FD3619A9" blockId="60.[151,1437,1930,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF46C9F865FEC619D4" bold="true" box="[151,287,1930,1952]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 32.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C73FFBF477AF865FE1319D4" box="[292,458,1930,1952]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF477AF865FE1319D4" box="[292,458,1930,1952]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Elysia canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, SEM of radulae.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF44DFF865FD4319D4" bold="true" box="[641,666,1930,1952]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A,</emphasis>
|
||
Radula, without ascus (LACM 178643).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF4265F865FB8819D4" bold="true" box="[1083,1105,1930,1952]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">B,</emphasis>
|
||
Leading tooth (LACM 178643).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF46C9F846FF6919CB" bold="true" box="[151,176,1961,1983]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C,</emphasis>
|
||
Radula, without ascus (LACM 178644
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF4418F846FDAC19CB" bold="true" box="[582,629,1961,1983]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">). D,</emphasis>
|
||
Leading tooth, showing smooth lateral edge (LACM 178644).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF435AF846FAC519CB" bold="true" box="[1284,1308,1961,1983]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">E,</emphasis>
|
||
Close-up of cusp showing denticles.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C73FFBF47D0F828FE4619A9" bold="true" box="[398,415,1991,2013]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">F,</emphasis>
|
||
Leading tooth (LACM 178645).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C72FFBE4699FF77FED01F80" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
In terms of radulae,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE47EEFF77FDA61EC4" box="[432,639,151,176]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article">Er. Marcus (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the tooth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE45D7FF76FBCF1EC4" box="[905,1046,153,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE45D7FF76FBCF1EC4" box="[905,1046,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as 80 µm long from a
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C72FFBE4341FF77FABB1EDB" box="[1311,1378,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long slug, having “a more or less pointed cusp, slightly marked lateral crests and a very finely serrulate medial crest.”
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE46C9FF30FEBD1E8C" author="Thompson" box="[151,356,223,248]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Thompson, T. E. (1977) Jamaican opisthobranch molluscs I. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 43, 93 - 140, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported a similar shape for the tooth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE450BFF0EFC051E8C" box="[853,988,223,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE450BFF0EFC051E8C" box="[853,988,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with maximum length of 99 µm and minimum length of 36 µm, on a
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C72FFBE444FFEEBFD8D1F68" box="[529,596,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long slug.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE4489FEEBFC2F1F68" author="Ortea" box="[727,1014,260,285]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Ortea, J. & Espinosa, J. (2002) Nuevas especies del genero Elysia Risso, 1818 (Mollusca: Sacoglossa) con caracteres singulares. Avicennia, 15, 129 - 140." type="journal article" year="2002">Ortea & Espinosa (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported a 125-µm-long tooth for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE43DAFEEAFF251F34" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE43DAFEEAFF251F34" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. eugeniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens measuring
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C72FFBE4455FEC7FD861F4B" box="[523,607,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
in body length, with a lateral ridge and serrated medial cutting edge consistent with the descriptions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE4471FEA2FCDB1F11" box="[559,770,332,357]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article">Er. Marcus (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE4566FEA2FC1F1F10" box="[824,966,333,356]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE4566FEA2FC1F1F10" box="[824,966,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE4255FEA3FB011F10" author="Thompson" box="[1035,1240,332,357]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Thompson, T. E. (1977) Jamaican opisthobranch molluscs I. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 43, 93 - 140, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE4350FEA2FA4C1F11" box="[1294,1429,332,357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE4350FEA2FA4C1F11" box="[1294,1429,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Given that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE4745FE9FFDE61FFC" author="Ortea" box="[283,575,367,392]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Ortea, J. & Espinosa, J. (2002) Nuevas especies del genero Elysia Risso, 1818 (Mollusca: Sacoglossa) con caracteres singulares. Avicennia, 15, 129 - 140." type="journal article" year="2002">Ortea & Espinosa (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
studied larger slugs than
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE4531FE9FFB9A1FFC" box="[879,1091,367,392]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article">Er. Marcus (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
or
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE422EFE80FAE81FFC" author="Thomson" box="[1136,1329,367,392]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Thompson, T. E. (1977) Jamaican opisthobranch molluscs I. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 43, 93 - 140, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1977">Thomson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, it is not surprising that they measured longer teeth, and tooth length alone is not considered a species-diagnostic character in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE46E7FE58FEE01FA4" box="[185,313,439,464]" class="Gastropoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="order">Sacoglossa</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the absence of any diagnostic difference,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE4503FE56FC3E1FA4" box="[861,999,441,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE4503FE56FC3E1FA4" box="[861,999,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. eugeniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is therefore a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE43DAFE56FEDB1F80" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE43DAFE56FEDB1F80" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C72FFBE4699FDEFFEDB1A7B" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
More recently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE472EFDEFFDE41C6C" box="[368,573,511,536]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Ortea, J., Moro, L., Caballer, M. & Espinosa, J. (2011) Avances en el inventario del genero Elysia Risso, 1818 (Mollusca: Sacoglossa) en el Mar Caribe: Redescripcion de Elysia purchoni Thompson, 1977 y descripcion de tres nuevas especies." type="journal article">
|
||
Ortea
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE47EBFDEEFE341C6C" box="[437,493,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE44BCFDEEFCB71C6C" box="[738,878,513,536]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE44BCFDEEFCB71C6C" box="[738,878,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. cornigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE42CEFDEEFACA1C6C" box="[1168,1299,511,536]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE42CEFDEEFACA1C6C" box="[1168,1299,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which they then “redescribed” from Caribbean material. The basis for their synonymy was that both species had some jumbled teeth in the ascus, red spots, a moustache of black dots on the oral lobes, and radulae with a lateral crest as well as a serrated cutting edge. Confusing matters further, the authors make no mention of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE426CFD82FB6F1CF0" box="[1074,1206,621,644]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eugeniae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE426CFD82FB6F1CF0" box="[1074,1206,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. eugeniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, despite the fact that it shares this suite of characters. Aside from the radular character noted, none of the other traits are unique to one species; for instance, numerous elysiids have an arc of black dots on the oral lobes, or tiny red spots on the body. These characters are therefore inappropriate for the basis of a synonymy in the absence of other data. In terms of the radula,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE4743FD13FE351D60" author="Thompson" box="[285,492,764,789]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Thompson, T. E. (1977) Jamaican opisthobranch molluscs I. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 43, 93 - 140, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred to a lateral ridge on the tooth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE45B5FD12FBAA1D61" box="[1003,1139,764,789]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE45B5FD12FBAA1D61" box="[1003,1139,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, similar in drawings and descriptions to what
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE47DBFCCFFD8F1D4C" box="[389,598,799,824]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Marcus, Er. (1955) Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Boletim da Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciencias e Letras da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 20, 89 - 200, pl. 1 - 30." type="journal article">Er. Marcus (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
called a “slightly marked lateral crest” on the tooth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE428AFCCEFAB91D4C" box="[1236,1376,801,824]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE428AFCCEFAB91D4C" box="[1236,1376,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The lateral ridge on the tooth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE4790FCAAFD811D28" box="[462,600,837,860]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE4790FCAAFD811D28" box="[462,600,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE4420FCABFD3B1D29" box="[638,738,836,861]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE4420FCABFD3B1D29" box="[638,738,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is not described as serrated by Thompson or Marcus, nor is it drawn with serrations in their respective figures. The tooth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE4510FC86FC001DF4" box="[846,985,873,896]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE4510FC86FC001DF4" box="[846,985,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is therefore distinctly different from the double, serrated cutting edge of the radular tooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE44A5FC62FC551DD0" box="[763,908,909,932]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE44A5FC62FC551DD0" box="[763,908,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. cornigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, the siphonal opening depicted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE46C9FC40FEB81DBC" author="Thompson" box="[151,353,943,968]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Thompson, T. E. (1977) Jamaican opisthobranch molluscs I. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 43, 93 - 140, pls. 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1977">Thompson (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE47CCFC5EFDCF1DBC" box="[402,534,943,968]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE47CCFC5EFDCF1DBC" box="[402,534,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is consistent with the opening formed by the curved parapodia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE4357FC5EFA4C1DBC" box="[1289,1429,945,968]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="canguzua">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE4357FC5EFA4C1DBC" box="[1289,1429,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. canguzua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but not the extended lateral parapodial wing-flaps of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE44A1FC3AFC491D98" box="[767,912,981,1004]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE44A1FC3AFC491D98" box="[767,912,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. cornigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE45B4FC3AFBA01D98" box="[1002,1145,981,1004]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornigera">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE45B4FC3AFBA01D98" box="[1002,1145,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. cornigera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not a synonymn of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C72FFBE43DAFC3AFF221A64" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="purchoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE43DAFC3AFF221A64" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E. purchoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C72FFBE4699FBF3FEDA1AB1" blockId="61.[151,1437,151,1221]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<bibRef id="F1435B8D9C72FFBE4699FBF3FEDA1AB1" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" type="book">
|
||
<author id="F05E279E9C72FFBE4699FBF3FE691A40" box="[199,432,1052,1077]" fns="I" npo="LF" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Developmentally,
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE47C6FBF2FE691A40" box="[408,432,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">E.</emphasis>
|
||
</author>
|
||
<title id="5AE7244D9C72FFBE47E5FBF2FA411A40" box="[443,1432,1052,1077]" jopScore="0.12445408" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">canguzua lacks ECY, a derived character state shared by all members of subclade 2</title>
|
||
.
|
||
<journalOrPublisher id="F222C5B79C72FFBE46C9FBD0FF691AB1" jopScore="0.42329493" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Given the biogeographic distribution of members of subclade 2, this lineage may have evolved in the warmtemperate
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C72FFBE4753FB8AFE9D1A08" box="[269,324,1125,1148]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">West</collectingRegion>
|
||
Atlantic; secondary loss of ECY may be favored in more productive temperate waters, while ECY could be selectively maintained in oligotrophic tropical waters to buffer larval offspring against starvation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4C72B28A9C72FFBE4318FB67FF691AB1" author="Krug" pageId="61" pageNumber="62" refString="Krug, P. J., Vendetti, J. E., Ellingson, R. A., Trowbridge, C. D., Hirano, Y. M., Trathen, D. Y., Rodriguez, A. K., Swennen, C., Wilson, N. G. & Valdes, A. (2015) Species selection favors dispersive life histories in sea slugs, but higher per-offspring investment drives shifts to short-lived larvae. Systematic Biology, 64, 983 - 999. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syv 046" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Krug
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C72FFBE43D6FB66FF691AB1" italics="true" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">et al</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</journalOrPublisher>
|
||
.
|
||
<year id="5C4B8E289C72FFBE46E5FB43FF211AB1" box="[187,248,1196,1221]" pageId="61" pageNumber="62">2015</year>
|
||
).
|
||
</bibRef>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |