494 lines
65 KiB
XML
494 lines
65 KiB
XML
<document id="C925B31CA133BB085364F3EEB7C0BCF7" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4148.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4148.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a757adc6-2763-41f7-ae26-b1cae841091c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="256946" ID-ZooBank="91353147-FDA8-45CC-A8F1-1DE801C835A6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1470724987728" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Krug, Patrick J., Vendetti, Jann E. & Valdés, Ángel" docDate="2016" docId="A04A7E6D9C11FFE146C9FAC0FE7D1CF1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4148.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4148 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Elysia ellenae Ortea, Espinosa & Caballer in Ortea, Espinosa, Buske & Caballer 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="5C7306159C4FFF83465EFFEFFFD91E74" masterDocTitle="Molecular and morphological systematics of Elysia Risso, 1818 (Heterobranchia: Sacoglossa) from the Caribbean region" masterLastPageNumber="137" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1698367345517" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="A2B23A581D21C637ABBE4E58DB6DB1A9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7C0C0562FCADBDDB302DAFCBF8728B7B">
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<mods:title id="1BB960DA55F73F5CAC6C6AC7A976CC73">Molecular and morphological systematics of Elysia Risso, 1818 (Heterobranchia: Sacoglossa) from the Caribbean region</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="29690AD4B4861819BE1E99F2BD1FBF4D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="37E1885ED4922EB4AD3AB36633F49BC6">Krug, Patrick J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="03F4BFD2E040EB749334FECDCE568932">Vendetti, Jann E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="F86925FFCC96A3734537FEE1F51426C1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8B39346731053D8D923117845F9D3EC4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1725DD4561E52A4793625FD7FA7DFCE3">Valdés, Ángel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="41757003917D975B97CBE8F4656E1BC0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="21646F373DB832F3AAF6E12444450C8C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2E12C6F418699C0B55F7F6329828E4B7">
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<mods:date id="EC7DF57FE3A6AC20F8CB2424E58D89A7">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="39D6C289474BC49F1B5EB8252C3121C9">4148</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FAC6EE35B44B6A08C8742B11F8DEADC7">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B176F4D1ECAD23F1C3B48C78CF045CB8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2108BBE084F06B2463F41BAE7BD74985" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4148.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A04A7E6D9C11FFE146C9FAC0FE7D1CF1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5664223" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123514848" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5664223" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A04A7E6D9C11FFE146C9FAC0FE7D1CF1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A04A7E6D9C11FFE146C9FAC0FE7D1CF1" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C11FFDD46C9FAC0FE4D1B1F" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C11FFDD46C9FAC0FB101B3E" blockId="94.[151,1225,1327,1387]" box="[151,1225,1327,1354]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<heading id="731478179C11FFDD46C9FAC0FB101B3E" bold="true" box="[151,1225,1327,1354]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C11FFDD46C9FAC0FB101B3E" ID-CoL="6F5YH" authority="Ortea, Espinosa & Caballer in Ortea, Espinosa, Buske & Caballer, 2013" authorityName="Ortea, Espinosa & Caballer in Ortea, Espinosa, Buske & Caballer" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,1225,1327,1354]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD46C9FAC0FB101B3E" bold="true" box="[151,1225,1327,1354]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD46C9FAC0FEE61B3D" bold="true" box="[151,319,1327,1353]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Elysia ellenae</emphasis>
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Ortea, Espinosa & Caballer
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD44F4FAC0FD1B1B3D" bold="true" box="[682,706,1327,1353]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">in</emphasis>
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Ortea, Espinosa, Buske & Caballer, 2013
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C11FFDD46C9FABDFE4D1B1F" blockId="94.[151,1225,1327,1387]" box="[151,404,1362,1387]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C11FFDD46C1FABDFEFE1B1F" box="[159,295,1362,1387]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 54" captionStart-1="FIGURE 55" captionStartId-0="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionStartId-1="96.[151,250,1006,1028]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetBox-1="[200,1388,186,974]" captionTargetId-0="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetId-1="figure@96.[188,1398,171,985]" captionTargetPageId-0="95" captionTargetPageId-1="96" captionText-0="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." captionText-1="FIGURE 55. Elysia ellenae, drawing of the pericardium and dorsal vessels of a preserved specimen (LACM 178663; 3.5 mm long)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/257003/files/figure.png" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Figs. 54–55</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C11FFDD476CFABDFE891B1F" box="[306,336,1362,1387]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="97.[151,250,783,805]" captionTargetBox="[249,1327,209,752]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[226,1360,193,761]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 56. Penial morphology of some species examined. A, Elysia buonoi n. sp. (LACM 178675) B, Elysia orientalis (CPIC 00842). C, Elysia ellenae (LACM 178663). D, Elysia pawliki n. sp. (LACM 3303). E, Elysia christinae n. sp. (LACM 3309). F, Elysia zemi n. sp. (LACM 3307). G, Elysia taino n. sp. (LACM 178607). H, Elysia hamanni n. sp. (LACM 178667). Abbreviations: dd, deferent duct; pe, penis; s, stylet." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257004/files/figure.png" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">56</figureCitation>
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C, 57)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C11FFDD46C9FA75FDD01878" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C11FFDD46C9FA75FD8E1B9A" blockId="94.[151,1436,1434,1549]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C11FFDD46C9FA75FBF71BC4" ID-CoL="6F5YH" authority="Ortea, Espinosa & Caballer in Ortea, Espinosa, Buske & Caballer 2013: 185" authorityName="Ortea, Espinosa & Caballer in Ortea, Espinosa, Buske & Caballer" authorityPageNumber="185" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,1070,1434,1456]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD46C9FA75FEFC1BC4" box="[151,293,1434,1456]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Elysia ellenae</emphasis>
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Ortea, Espinosa & Caballer
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD4419FA74FD821BC4" box="[583,603,1435,1456]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">in</emphasis>
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Ortea, Espinosa, Buske & Caballer 2013: 185
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</taxonomicName>
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–188, pl. 11 (Type locality: South of Port Louis and west from Petit Canal, Guadeloupe); Krug
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD454BFA55FC911BBB" box="[789,840,1465,1487]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al.</emphasis>
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2015: 990, fig. 3B.
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<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C11FFDD46C9FA37FF271B9A" ID-CoL="7PJHB" box="[151,254,1496,1518]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Thuridilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD46C9FA37FF271B9A" box="[151,254,1496,1518]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Thuridilla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD477FFA36FEEE1B9A" box="[289,311,1497,1518]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">—</emphasis>
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Redfern 2013: 288, fig. 797.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C11FFDD46C9FA19FDD01878" blockId="94.[151,1436,1434,1549]" box="[151,521,1526,1549]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C11FFDD46C9FA19FF0F1878" ID-CoL="87FTL" box="[151,214,1526,1548]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD46C9FA19FF0F1878" box="[151,214,1526,1548]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Elysia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 4—Turner
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD472EFA17FE7A1878" box="[368,419,1526,1549]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al.</emphasis>
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2012: 54.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C11FFDD46C9F9D6FB021972" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C11FFDD46C9F9D6FB731826" blockId="94.[151,1437,1593,2014]" box="[151,1194,1593,1618]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD46C9F9D6FE9C1826" bold="true" box="[151,325,1593,1618]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Type material.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD4712F9D6FDDB1826" box="[332,514,1593,1618]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C11FFDD4712F9D6FE4B1826" box="[332,402,1593,1618]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Elysia</taxonomicName>
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ellenae—
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</emphasis>
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holotype (MNHN IM-26975), paratype (MNHN IM-26976).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C11FFDD4699F9B2FBEE18CA" blockId="94.[151,1437,1593,2014]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<materialsCitation id="988BC5269C11FFDD4699F9B2FCBB1801" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291049001" box="[199,866,1629,1654]" country="Bahamas" location="Stocking Island" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" specimenCount="1">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD4699F9B2FE6F1802" bold="true" box="[199,438,1629,1654]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C11FFDD479CF9B2FDF41802" box="[450,557,1629,1654]" name="Bahamas" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
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:
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<location id="2D3C99A09C11FFDD4463F9B2FD2D1802" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A04A7E6D9C11FFE146C9FAC0FE7D1CF1:2D3C99A09C11FFDD4463F9B2FD2D1802" box="[573,756,1629,1654]" country="Bahamas" name="Stocking Island" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Stocking Island</location>
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, Exumas
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="988BC5269C11FFDD452CF9B2FD5A18EE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291049007" collectingDate="2009-01-15" collectionCode="CPIC" country="Bahamas" location="Bahamas" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" specimenCode="CPIC 00071" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C11FFDD452CF9B2FC051802" box="[882,988,1629,1654]" name="Bahamas" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<collectingDate id="4C1910539C11FFDD45B2F9B2FB6A1802" box="[1004,1203,1629,1654]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" value="2009-01-15">
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||
<date id="5C5DE9BB9C11FFDD45B2F9B2FB6A1802" box="[1004,1203,1629,1654]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" value="2009-01-15">15 January 2009</date>
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</collectingDate>
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,
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<specimenCount id="3EE504F29C11FFDD429AF9B1FA911802" box="[1220,1352,1629,1654]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
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(
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<specimenCode id="784567009C11FFDD4302F9B1FF3818EE" collectionCode="CPIC" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<collectionCode id="4EF257BE9C11FFDD4302F9B1FA451802" box="[1372,1436,1630,1654]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">CPIC</collectionCode>
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00071
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</specimenCode>
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), Goulding Point, New Providence
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="988BC5269C11FFDD44CAF96DFBEE18CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1291049010" collectingDate="2010-07-13" collectionCode="LACM" country="Cayman Islands" location="Cayman Islands" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" specimenCode="LACM 178663" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingDate id="4C1910539C11FFDD44CAF96DFCED18EE" box="[660,820,1665,1690]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" value="2010-07-13">
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<date id="5C5DE9BB9C11FFDD44CAF96DFCED18EE" box="[660,820,1665,1690]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" value="2010-07-13">13 July 2010</date>
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</collectingDate>
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,
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<specimenCount id="3EE504F29C11FFDD451BF96DFC1318EE" box="[837,970,1665,1690]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
(
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||
<specimenCode id="784567009C11FFDD4581F96DFB4118EE" box="[991,1176,1665,1690]" collectionCode="LACM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<collectionCode id="4EF257BE9C11FFDD4581F96DFBEB18EE" box="[991,1074,1666,1690]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34802" name="Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">LACM</collectionCode>
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178663
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||
</specimenCode>
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||
). Photographs of four additional specimens from
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<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C11FFDD4799F949FDA318CA" box="[455,634,1701,1726]" name="Cayman Islands" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Cayman Islands</collectingCountry>
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||
(courtesy of Everett Turner) examined.
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C11FFDD4699F926FB021972" blockId="94.[151,1437,1593,2014]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD4699F926FEB91896" bold="true" box="[199,352,1737,1762]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Live animal.</emphasis>
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According to Ortea
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<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD440AF925FD481896" box="[596,657,1737,1762]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al.</emphasis>
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(2013) “this species moves crawling, not jumping, not swimming. When at rest, it flattens and expands the parapodia, taking the appearance of a heart-shaped leaf.”
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C11FFE34699F8FEFCC1182F" lastPageId="96" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C11FFDD4699F8FEFAF019AA" blockId="94.[151,1437,1593,2014]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C11FFDD4699F8FEFE7F195E" bold="true" box="[199,422,1809,1834]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">External anatomy.</emphasis>
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Head white. Light blue patch or streak above each eye, like an eyebrow, extending part way up rhinophores on some specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C11FFDD4434F8DAFD65193A" box="[618,700,1845,1870]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C, E–F). Black row of dots forming “moustache” above upper lip of mouth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C11FFDD4768F8B6FE521906" box="[310,395,1881,1906]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Rhinophores short relative to length of animal, and wider at tip than base. Rhinophores papillose; overall color white, with green digestive diverticula scattered across anterior surface. Green digestive diverticula scattered across anterior face of rolled rhinophores. Rose-red or brick-red spot at midpoint of rhinophores; red patch or curved line located at base of rhinophores, just anterior to each eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C11FFDD42EBF82AFAD119AA" box="[1205,1288,1989,2014]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C10FFDC4699FF77FC411E8C" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
Foot white with sparse diverticula visible, and covered with scattered patches of light blue iridescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C10FFDC4331FF78FF6F1EA1" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Transverse groove extends halfway across left side of foot but does not fully delimit head from foot.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C10FFDC4324FF52FA451EA0" box="[1402,1436,189,212]" country="Haiti" name="Nord" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">No</collectingRegion>
|
||
distinct tail; foot narrowing to a point, where ends of parapodia fuse.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C10FFDC4699FEEBFDA51C49" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
Parapodia notably thick, separated at anterior edge by gap. Parapodia form three siphonal openings on living animal, with slightly undulating margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C10FFDC442DFEC8FD191F34" box="[627,704,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig 54</figureCitation>
|
||
A, C, F–G). Overall color white. Outer face of each parapodium has two distinct halves: bottom half penetrated by green diverticula, and spotted with large white papillae, irregularly spaced; top half lacks visible diverticula, dotted with small white papillae except for smooth band just below parapodial margin. Entire outer parapodial face uniformly dotted with minute red spots. Parapodial margin with dark red band and row of regularly spaced yellow spots; marginal edge thickened, with regularly spaced white papillae. Faint submarginal band of iridescent blue may be present on outer parapodial surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C10FFDC429BFE33FACE1F81" box="[1221,1303,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
C, G). Inner face of parapodium dotted with white papillae and dark green diverticula. Inner submarginal band of iridescent light blue, widest inside siphonal openings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7C9C9FF39C10FFDC46C9F93AFB0119B6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" targetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" targetPageId="95">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C10FFDC46C9F93AFB0119B6" blockId="95.[151,1436,1749,1986]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C10FFDC46C9F93AFEC6189F" bold="true" box="[151,287,1749,1771]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">FIGURE 54.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C10FFDC477AF93AFE6A189F" box="[292,435,1749,1771]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C10FFDC477AF93AFE6A189F" box="[292,435,1749,1771]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Elysia ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C10FFDC42C5F93AFB0B189F" bold="true" box="[1179,1234,1749,1771]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">A–D,</emphasis>
|
||
Eell_10NPr01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C10FFDC44C6F91BFD15197E" bold="true" box="[664,716,1780,1802]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">E–G,</emphasis>
|
||
images courtesy of Everett Turner).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C10FFDC4206F91BFBA9197E" bold="true" box="[1112,1136,1780,1802]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">A,</emphasis>
|
||
Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C10FFDC45BFF8DEFC211933" bold="true" box="[993,1016,1841,1863]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">B,</emphasis>
|
||
Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C10FFDC4537F8BFFC5B1912" bold="true" box="[873,898,1872,1894]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C,</emphasis>
|
||
View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C10FFDC4524F881FC4B19F0" bold="true" box="[890,914,1902,1924]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">D,</emphasis>
|
||
Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C10FFDC47C2F862FE0819D7" bold="true" box="[412,465,1933,1955]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">E–G,</emphasis>
|
||
Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="7C9C9FF39C2FFFE346C9FC01FF0A1A57" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257003/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" targetBox="[200,1388,186,974]" targetPageId="96">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2FFFE346C9FC01FF0A1A57" blockId="96.[151,1435,1006,1059]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE346C9FC01FEF91A70" bold="true" box="[151,288,1006,1028]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">FIGURE 55.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE34778FC01FE6F1A70" box="[294,438,1006,1028]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34778FC01FE6F1A70" box="[294,438,1006,1028]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Elysia ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, drawing of the pericardium and dorsal vessels of a preserved specimen (LACM 178663; 3.5 mm long).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2FFFE34699FBA5FE041B4F" blockId="96.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
Pericardium large, white, round; completely filling anterior siphonal opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C2FFFE3426DFBA5FB5E1A17" box="[1075,1159,1098,1123]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Pericardium swelling to height of anterior parapodial edge, clearly visible as dorsal bulge on living animal. Renopericardial extension running about one-third of body length, more grey in color than pericardium. In a specimen used for DNA analysis, three dorsal vessels radiating from right side of renopericardial complex, and two vessels from left side, outlined in red spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C2FFFE34754FB35FEBE1A87" box="[266,359,1242,1267]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Figs. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
C, 55). Vessels unbranched or forking once terminally, except elongated posterior vessels having two lateral side branches reaching up to parapodial margin, respectively at midpoint and posterior end of second siphonal fold of parapodium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2FFFE34699FAA9FD771B9B" blockId="96.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34699FAA9FE461B2B" bold="true" box="[199,415,1350,1375]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Internal anatomy.</emphasis>
|
||
Radula with 11–14 teeth (CPIC 0 0 0 71, LACM 178663), 5–6 teeth in ascending limb and
|
||
<quantity id="EF1B629E9C2FFFE346C9FA85FF061BF7" box="[151,223,1386,1411]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="in" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 in</quantity>
|
||
descending limb (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C2FFFE347EFFA85FDDD1BF7" box="[433,516,1386,1411]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,930,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,928,1730]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 57. Elysia ellenae SEM of the radula and penis (LACM 178663). A, Complete radula. B, Leading tooth. C, Penis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257005/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Leading tooth elongate and robust with cusp bearing a finely denticulate keel and smooth lateral edges on each side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C2FFFE34431FA61FD1E1BD3" box="[623,711,1422,1447]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,930,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,928,1730]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 57. Elysia ellenae SEM of the radula and penis (LACM 178663). A, Complete radula. B, Leading tooth. C, Penis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257005/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Housing depression for interlocking teeth “V”-shaped and extending ½ of tooth lengh. Base of tooth ½ to ⅓ total tooth length. Ascus containing three slightly smaller discarded teeth, according to Ortea
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE3447BFA37FD841B9B" box="[549,605,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2FFFE34699FA15FA441843" blockId="96.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
Penis curved and elongate with rigid musculature that did not deform after drying (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C2FFFE342F5FA15FADA1867" box="[1195,1283,1530,1555]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,625,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@95.[151,1436,625,1728]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 54. Elysia ellenae, external morphology of live specimen from New Providence, Bahamas (A – D, Eell _ 10 NPr 01) and additional specimens from the Cayman Islands (E – G, images courtesy of Everett Turner). A, Live specimen immediately following collection, showing characteristic red and blue patches above eye, three siphonal openings formed by the parapodia, and the red and blue bands along the parapodial margin. Length of slug = 5 mm. B, Side view showing dark green digestive diverticula penetrating the distal (bottom) half of the right parapodium. C, View of dorsum showing rounded pericardium, from which red-speckled dorsal vessels extend out to the parapodial margin. D, Pedal view, showing digestive and blue iridescent spots on the pointed foot. E – G, Three different specimens photographed underwater in the Cayman Islands, showing individual variation in the degree to which parapodia are papillate, pigmented, and penetrated by digestive diverticula." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257002/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
|
||
C), bearing a resistant, hollow tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C2FFFE347DDF9F1FE0C1843" box="[387,469,1566,1591]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,930,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,928,1730]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 57. Elysia ellenae SEM of the radula and penis (LACM 178663). A, Complete radula. B, Leading tooth. C, Penis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257005/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
|
||
C) visible by SEM, but not light microscopy. Deferent duct long, thin, and convoluted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2FFFE34699F9ADFCC1182F" blockId="96.[151,1437,1098,2023]" box="[199,792,1602,1627]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34699F9ADFD9F182F" bold="true" box="[199,582,1602,1627]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Reproduction and development.</emphasis>
|
||
No data available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C2FFFE34699F989FC6C19EB" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2FFFE34699F989FD4718D7" blockId="96.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34699F989FEBF180B" bold="true" box="[199,358,1638,1663]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Host ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE34730F989FDD5180B" box="[366,524,1638,1663]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34730F989FDD5180B" box="[366,524,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Elysia ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not found associated with any algal host in either
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C2FFFE342DBF989FACE180B" box="[1157,1303,1638,1663]" name="Bahamas" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C2FFFE34361F988FF3018D7" name="Cayman Islands" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Cayman Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and no food source has been reported.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2FFFE34699F941FC6C19EB" blockId="96.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34699F941FDD018B3" bold="true" box="[199,521,1710,1735]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Phylogenetic relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
In phylogenetic analyses,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE34562F95FFC7618B3" box="[828,943,1710,1735]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34562F95FFC7618B3" box="[828,943,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was recovered as sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE342B4F941FA4C18B3" box="[1258,1429,1710,1735]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE342B4F941FA4C18B3" box="[1258,1429,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Elysia crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while the eastern Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE347F1F93BFDE2189F" box="[431,571,1746,1771]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diomedea">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE347F1F93BFDE2189F" box="[431,571,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. diomedea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was sister to (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE34485F93BFC92189F" box="[731,843,1746,1771]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34485F93BFC92189F" box="[731,843,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE34536F93BFC3A189F" box="[872,995,1748,1771]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34536F93BFC3A189F" box="[872,995,1748,1771]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C2FFFE345A5F93DFB99189F" box="[1019,1088,1746,1771]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[222,1338,197,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[222,1338,193,1823]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Phylogenetic hypothesis for family Plakobranchidae rooted on genus Bosellia (not shown) to illustrate relationships within the genera Elysia, Plakobranchus and Thuridilla. Topology and branch lengths are from Maximum Likelihood analysis of concatenated DNA sequences (2,807 bp total) representing portions of two mitochondrial (COI, 16 S) and two nuclear (H 3, 28 S) genes. Significant support values are given as ML bootstrap percentages (below branch), or BI posterior probabilities (above branch); asterisk = 1.0 or 100 % support. Species discussed in this study are bolded. Triangle denotes presence of a penial stylet." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/256950/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The morphological similarity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE346E6F917FEF3197B" box="[184,298,1782,1807]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE346E6F917FEF3197B" box="[184,298,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE3470DF917FE08197B" box="[339,465,1784,1807]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE3470DF917FE08197B" box="[339,465,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is consistent with their phylogenetic affinity. The clade comprising
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE342BAF917FAAA197B" box="[1252,1395,1782,1807]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diomedea">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE342BAF917FAAA197B" box="[1252,1395,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. diomedea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE343DAF917FF2A1947" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE343DAF917FF2A1947" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE34775F8F3FE441947" box="[299,413,1818,1843]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34775F8F3FE441947" box="[299,413,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a derived member of subclade 2. The nested position of the clade containing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE34375F8F3FA451947" box="[1323,1436,1818,1843]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34375F8F3FA451947" box="[1323,1436,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggests an ancestral lineage colonized the Caribbean from the northwestern Atlantic, after which closure of the Isthmus of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C2FFFE3474BF88CFEB7190E" box="[277,366,1891,1914]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C2FFFE3474BF88CFEB7190E" box="[277,366,1891,1914]" name="Panama" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
isolated the ancestor of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE34421F88BFCD2190F" box="[639,779,1890,1915]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diomedea">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34421F88BFCD2190F" box="[639,779,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. diomedea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the eastern Pacific from the last common ancestor of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE343DAF88BFF3119EB" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE343DAF88BFF3119EB" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2FFFE34740F867FE4019EB" box="[286,409,1928,1951]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34740F867FE4019EB" box="[286,409,1928,1951]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">E. crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which subsequently diverged in the Caribbean.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C2FFFE34699F845FB5B1993" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2FFFE34699F845FB5B1993" blockId="96.[151,1437,1098,2023]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE34699F845FEC319B7" bold="true" box="[199,282,1962,1987]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
Bahamas: Abaco (Redfern 2013), New Providence (present study), Stocking Island (present study), Exumas (present study), Cayman Islands (present study); Guadeloupe (Ortea
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2FFFE345A5F83FFBEA1993" box="[1019,1075,1998,2023]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="7C9C9FF39C2EFFE246C9FCE0FD711DF5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257004/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" targetBox="[249,1327,209,752]" targetPageId="97">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2EFFE246C9FCE0FD711DF5" blockId="97.[151,1436,783,897]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE246C9FCE0FEC51D51" bold="true" box="[151,284,783,805]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 56</emphasis>
|
||
. Penial morphology of some species examined.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24544FCE0FCEA1D51" bold="true" box="[794,819,783,805]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">A,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE24562FCE0FC121D51" box="[828,971,783,805]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="buonoi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24562FCE0FC121D51" box="[828,971,783,805]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia buonoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01A4AE129C2EFFE2458AFCE0FBC91D51" box="[980,1040,783,805]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2458AFCE0FBC91D51" bold="true" box="[980,1040,783,805]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(LACM 178675)
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2428CFCE0FB301D51" bold="true" box="[1234,1257,783,805]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">B,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE242ACFCE0FA451D51" box="[1266,1436,783,805]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE242ACFCE0FA451D51" box="[1266,1436,783,805]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(CPIC 00842).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2476DFCC2FE951D37" bold="true" box="[307,332,813,835]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE2470DFCC2FE3B1D37" box="[339,482,813,835]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2470DFCC2FE3B1D37" box="[339,482,813,835]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(LACM 178663).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE244FCFCC2FD621D37" bold="true" box="[674,699,813,835]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">D,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE2449CFCC2FC8A1D37" box="[706,851,813,835]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pawliki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2449CFCC2FC8A1D37" box="[706,851,813,835]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia pawliki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24507FCC2FC4B1D37" bold="true" box="[857,914,813,835]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01A4AE129C2EFFE24507FCC2FC4B1D37" box="[857,914,813,835]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(LACM 3303).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24264FCC2FB881D37" bold="true" box="[1082,1105,813,835]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">E,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE24206FCC2FADA1D37" box="[1112,1283,813,835]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="christinae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24206FCC2FADA1D37" box="[1112,1283,813,835]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia christinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24354FCC2FA9D1D37" bold="true" box="[1290,1348,813,835]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01A4AE129C2EFFE24354FCC2FA9D1D37" box="[1290,1348,813,835]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(LACM 3309).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24680FCA3FF361D16" bold="true" box="[222,239,844,866]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">F,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE246A6FCA3FEB51D16" box="[248,364,844,866]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="zemi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE246A6FCA3FEB51D16" box="[248,364,844,866]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia zemi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2472CFCA3FE721D16" bold="true" box="[370,427,844,866]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01A4AE129C2EFFE2472CFCA3FE721D16" box="[370,427,844,866]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(LACM 3307).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2440FFCA3FDBB1D16" bold="true" box="[593,610,844,866]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">G</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE24430FCA3FD311D16" box="[622,744,844,866]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="taino" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24430FCA3FD311D16" box="[622,744,844,866]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia taino</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE244B0FCA3FCFE1D16" bold="true" box="[750,807,844,866]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01A4AE129C2EFFE244B0FCA3FCFE1D16" box="[750,807,844,866]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(LACM 178607).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE245B8FCA3FC261D16" bold="true" box="[998,1023,844,866]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">H,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE24258FCA3FB7D1D16" box="[1030,1188,844,866]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hamanni" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24258FCA3FB7D1D16" box="[1030,1188,844,866]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia hamanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE242F4FCA3FB3A1D16" bold="true" box="[1194,1251,844,866]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01A4AE129C2EFFE242F4FCA3FB3A1D16" box="[1194,1251,844,866]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(LACM 178667). Abbreviations: dd, deferent duct; pe, penis; s, stylet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="7C9C9FF39C2EFFE246C9F937FA5A189A" box="[151,1411,1752,1774]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257005/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" targetBox="[151,1436,930,1730]" targetPageId="97">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2EFFE246C9F937FA5A189A" blockId="97.[151,1411,1752,1774]" box="[151,1411,1752,1774]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE246C9F937FEC6189A" bold="true" box="[151,287,1752,1774]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 57.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE2477BF937FE6D189A" box="[293,436,1752,1774]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2477BF937FE6D189A" box="[293,436,1752,1774]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
SEM of the radula and penis (LACM 178663).
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE245C5F937FC74189A" bold="true" box="[923,941,1752,1774]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">A</emphasis>
|
||
, Complete radula.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24230F937FBA6189A" bold="true" box="[1134,1151,1752,1774]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">B</emphasis>
|
||
, Leading tooth.
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24378F937FAE1189A" bold="true" box="[1318,1336,1752,1774]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C</emphasis>
|
||
, Penis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="60F99CF09C2EFFE14699F8FAFE7D1CF1" lastPageId="98" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2EFFE24699F8FAFE411995" blockId="97.[151,1437,1813,2018]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24699F8FAFEE2195A" bold="true" box="[199,315,1813,1838]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Where visible,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE2445BF8FAFD9F195A" box="[517,582,1813,1838]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Polyphysaceae" genus="Acetabularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Dasycladales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
|
||
features described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C2EFFE24520F8FAFBCF195A" box="[894,1046,1813,1838]" name="Bahamas" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen were also present on photographs of additional specimens from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C2EFFE2449EF8D5FCA01926" box="[704,889,1849,1874]" name="Cayman Islands" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Cayman Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="F75871D99C2EFFE245E5F8D5FC321926" box="[955,1003,1850,1874]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material depicted from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EA2701999C2EFFE24350F8D6FA411926" box="[1294,1432,1849,1874]" country="France" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="50F48FEB9C2EFFE24350F8D6FA411926" box="[1294,1432,1849,1874]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
, including the distinctive red and blue patches on the head, and bright iridescent blue marginal band. Morphologically,
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2473BF86DFE0219EE" box="[357,475,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
|
||
E,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE247D4F86EFE0219EE" box="[394,475,1921,1946]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">ellenae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
resembles its sister taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE2457EF86DFC7819ED" box="[800,929,1922,1945]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2457EF86DFC7819ED" box="[800,929,1922,1945]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">E. crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but has a much larger and more rounded pericardium and thicker parapodia.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE24477F84AFD0A19C9" box="[553,723,1957,1982]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE24477F84AFD0A19C9" box="[553,723,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Elysia crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has more undulating parapodia, and lacks the distinct siphonal openings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2EFFE2477FF825FE481996" box="[289,401,1993,2018]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2EFFE2477FF825FE481996" box="[289,401,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2DFFE14699FF53FBBC1F11" blockId="98.[151,1436,188,645]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
The probable presence of an apical penial stylet in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2DFFE1455CFF52FCAB1EA1" box="[770,882,188,213]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2DFFE1455CFF52FCAB1EA1" box="[770,882,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but not in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2DFFE145B2FF52FBBE1EA0" box="[1004,1127,189,212]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2DFFE145B2FF52FBBE1EA0" box="[1004,1127,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">E. crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggests that divergence in reproductive armature may have been involved in the speciation process for these sister taxa, which have sympatric ranges. Confusion about this structure qualifying as a true stylet has to do with the penis apex bearing a resistant tip, but no obvious barb, spike, or scoop. However, as Gascoigne (1974) defined a penial stylet as simply “a hollow, cuticular extension of the vas deferens,” we conclude that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2DFFE1457AFEA2FC4D1F11" box="[804,916,332,357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2DFFE1457AFEA2FC4D1F11" box="[804,916,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses a stylet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2DFFE14699FE80FD451F80" blockId="98.[151,1436,188,645]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Patchy coverage of the foot by thick digestive diverticula also distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2DFFE1426EFE9EFB7B1FFC" box="[1072,1186,367,392]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2DFFE1426EFE9EFB7B1FFC" box="[1072,1186,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from both the typical morph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2DFFE14759FE7AFE5D1FD8" box="[263,388,405,428]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2DFFE14759FE7AFE5D1FD8" box="[263,388,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">E. crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which lacks diverticula in the foot, and the ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2DFFE145D7FE7BFC131FD9" box="[905,970,404,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clarki">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2DFFE145D7FE7BFC131FD9" box="[905,970,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">clarki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ morph, in which the foot has an overall green appearance due to uniform coverage by small diverticula. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2DFFE145C8FE56FBCA1FA4" box="[918,1043,441,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crispata">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2DFFE145C8FE56FBCA1FA4" box="[918,1043,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">E. crispata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the foot is also more blunt-ended rather than tapering to a point as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2DFFE1447BFE32FD4C1F81" box="[549,661,476,501]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2DFFE1447BFE32FD4C1F81" box="[549,661,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">E. ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="285CCF7B9C2DFFE14699FE10FE7D1CF1" blockId="98.[151,1436,188,645]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Interestingly, although the algal host of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EFE3B4F89C2DFFE144DBFE10FCFA1C6C" box="[645,803,511,536]" class="Gastropoda" family="Plakobranchidae" genus="Elysia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sacoglossa" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ellenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A9713699C2DFFE144DBFE10FCFA1C6C" box="[645,803,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Elysia ellenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown, feeding in this species causes marked wear on its radular teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B0D8D3FE9C2DFFE14725FDCBFE161C49" box="[379,463,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,930,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[151,1436,928,1730]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 57. Elysia ellenae SEM of the radula and penis (LACM 178663). A, Complete radula. B, Leading tooth. C, Penis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257005/files/figure.png" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
|
||
B). It is clear that such wear is the outcome of feeding because the leading tooth has a blunt tip, but teeth in the ascending radular row do not. Evidence of extreme tooth wear was not observed in any other Caribbean elysiid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |