treatments-xml/data/03/B0/87/03B087D0B32A2519FF076CF3FA1EF95E.xml

<document id="C09B8E81EEB52B6110299819075E969C" ID-CLB-Dataset="46799" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.277698" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8b781bae-c6da-4d0a-87c0-d849cf8cbb21" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="277698" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460361449895" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Callaghan, Curtis John &amp; Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge" docDate="2011" docId="03B087D0B32A2519FF076CF3FA1EF95E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02896p064.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2896" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Mesene jimena Callaghan &amp; Llorente-Bousquets, 2011, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="62" masterDocId="FF89FFA8B32B2510FF90683DFF88FFDF" masterDocTitle="A new Mexican Mesene (Lepidoptera, Riodinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1698294598269" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9726BB243F5BF585AE61675B3E90EFC4">A new Mexican Mesene (Lepidoptera, Riodinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F2B6F78A510BC5724F218682FC333C6B">Callaghan, Curtis John</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C303654DB32A2511FF076CF3FE37FAD6" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32A2511FF076CF3FC83FB37" blockId="1.[151,779,1230,1289]" box="[151,779,1230,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<heading id="D0EE81AAB32A2511FF076CF3FC83FB37" bold="true" box="[151,779,1230,1256]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32A2511FF076CF3FC83FB37" bold="true" box="[151,779,1230,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32A2511FF076CF3FEC6FB37" box="[151,334,1230,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32A2511FF076CF3FEC6FB37" bold="true" box="[151,334,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
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Callaghan, Llorente &amp; Luis
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32A2511FF076CCCFE37FAD6" blockId="1.[151,779,1230,1289]" box="[151,447,1265,1289]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32A2511FF076CCCFE97FAD6" box="[151,287,1265,1289]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Figures.1–4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32A2511FEBA6CCCFEFAFAD6" box="[298,370,1265,1289]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1896,1919]" captionTargetBox="[224,1363,318,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,267,1875]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Male genitalia: 16 Mesene jimena sp. nov., lateral view, aedeagus removed; 17 Mesene jimena sp. nov., aedeagus showing position of retracted vesica; 18. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view, aedeagus removed; 19. Mesene margaretta lateral view, aedeagus removed; 20. Mesene margaretta, lateral view with vesica extended; 21. Mesene margaretta male, ventral view, aedeagus removed. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277700/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">16–18</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32A2511FEEE6CCCFE37FAD6" box="[382,447,1265,1289]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 26" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1819,1842]" captionTargetBox="[228,1338,256,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 26. Female genitalia: 22. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view; 23. Mesene jimena sp. nov. lateral view; 24. Mesene margaretta ventral view; 25. Detail of ostium bursae; 26. Mesene margaretta, lateral view. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277701/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">22-23</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C303654DB32A2514FF076D04FEE9F948" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32A2511FF076D04FE44FAAA" blockId="1.[151,1436,1337,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32A2511FF076D04FEA1FA8D" bold="true" box="[151,297,1337,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Description.</emphasis>
MALE. (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32A2511FE086D04FE75FA8E" box="[408,509,1337,1361]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Figs.1, 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32A2511FD9A6D04FDC4FA8E" box="[522,588,1337,1361]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1896,1919]" captionTargetBox="[224,1363,318,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,267,1875]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Male genitalia: 16 Mesene jimena sp. nov., lateral view, aedeagus removed; 17 Mesene jimena sp. nov., aedeagus showing position of retracted vesica; 18. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view, aedeagus removed; 19. Mesene margaretta lateral view, aedeagus removed; 20. Mesene margaretta, lateral view with vesica extended; 21. Mesene margaretta male, ventral view, aedeagus removed. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277700/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">16-18</figureCitation>
) Forewing length of HT 12.2 mm, range of material measured 9.74–14.18 mm. n=31, average 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32A2511FEE66D60FE40FAAA" box="[374,456,1373,1397]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32A2511FF556DBFFC2FF9DA" blockId="1.[151,1436,1337,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32A2511FF556DBFFEC1FA46" box="[197,329,1409,1433]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Wing shape</emphasis>
: Forewing elongated, costa curving slightly before the apex, anal margin slightly curved to anal angle, distal margin slightly convex to M1 before the apex, where it is slightly indented; hindwing costa elongated, slightly curved to a rounded apex, anal margin slightly curved to tornus, where it connects abruptly to the distal margin, distal margin slightly indented at tornus, then curved to costa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32A2511FF556E2FFA91F902" blockId="1.[151,1436,1337,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32A2511FF556E2FFE78F9F6" box="[197,496,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Wing color, dorsal surface</emphasis>
: Ground color of both wings uniform light orange, hindwing slightly lighter at the anal margin and costa, fringe of both wings black with scattered lighter scaling between the veins; 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32A2511FB756E0BFE92F9AE" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Wing color, ventral surface</emphasis>
: Ground color of both wings lighter than dorsal surface; forewing lighter towards inner margin; apex and costal margin with variable, discontinuous black scaling, distal margin with variable black, slightly elongated triangular markings at the end of the veins, diminishing in size from the apex, fringe black with lighter scaling between the veins. Hindwing margin with slightly elongated black triangular markings along the veins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32A2511FF556ED4FBE8F8FA" blockId="1.[151,1436,1337,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32A2511FF556ED4FE89F8DE" box="[197,257,1769,1793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Head</emphasis>
: Eyes naked; marginal scaling, frons and labial palpi white, short, antennal length about 60% of forewing length, segments black with some white scaling near clubs; clubs elongated, tips paler.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32A2511FF556F0CFE8FF805" blockId="1.[151,1436,1337,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32A2511FF556F0CFF77F896" box="[197,255,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="54">Body</emphasis>
: Dorsal color of thorax and abdomen uniform light orange, collar black; ventral surface white, thorax with black scaling where femur folds against it, forelegs white, midlegs femur white, trochanter, tarsal segments black, and hindlegs white with some black on tarsal segments; abdominal tergites with elongated transverse androconial scale pads on the margins of segments 4–7. Abdomen ventrally white with small black marks between the segments.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3292512FF076EBDFA83F92D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1664,1778]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3292512FF076EBDFECFF94A" bold="true" box="[151,327,1664,1687]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">FIGURES 1–15.</emphasis>
1, 2 
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3292512FEE96EBCFD9AF949" box="[377,530,1665,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3292512FD886EBCFDE1F949" bold="true" box="[536,617,1665,1686]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3292512FC466EBCFBE7F949" box="[982,1135,1665,1686]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3292512FC466EBCFBE7F949" box="[982,1135,1665,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3292512FBE56EBCFB4EF949" bold="true" box="[1141,1222,1665,1686]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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, female, dorsal, ventral; 5 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3292512FF446EA2FF69F96B" bold="true" box="[212,225,1695,1716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">–</emphasis>
14 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3292512FE926E9DFE40F96A" box="[258,456,1696,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3292512FE926E9DFE40F96A" box="[258,456,1696,1717]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3292512FD4B6EE0FC17F92D" box="[731,927,1757,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3292512FD4B6EE0FC17F92D" box="[731,927,1757,1778]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3292513FF556F22FD64FF28" blockId="2.[151,1437,1823,2027]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3292512FF556F22FEA7F8E8" box="[197,303,1823,1847]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13222A43B3292512FEAD6F22FE64F8E8" box="[317,492,1823,1847]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1896,1919]" captionTargetBox="[224,1363,318,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,267,1875]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Male genitalia: 16 Mesene jimena sp. nov., lateral view, aedeagus removed; 17 Mesene jimena sp. nov., aedeagus showing position of retracted vesica; 18. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view, aedeagus removed; 19. Mesene margaretta lateral view, aedeagus removed; 20. Mesene margaretta, lateral view with vesica extended; 21. Mesene margaretta male, ventral view, aedeagus removed. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277700/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Figs. 16, 17, 18</figureCitation>
) Uncus in lateral view slightly pointed, lobes of uncus slightly squared, broadly separated; ventral lobe of tegumen rounded; scaphus rounded when viewed ventrally, not projecting caudad when viewed laterally, lightly sclerotized; falces long, top bent caudad; vinculum fused to top center of tegumen, uniformly narrow, straight to the level of the valvae, then curved in pronounced “s” shape to saccus and bulging laterally; saccus anteroventral, continuation of vinculum, flat, broad and squared; valvae in lateral view narrow, ending in sharp tips, pointing caudad; in ventral view, valvae bulge slightly to base of pedicel, tips pointed caudad; inner portion of valve fused dorsally by a simple transtilla to opposing valve; aedeagus short, wide, vesica prominent with three groups of long spines pointing caudad when retracted (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B3282513FCE16881FC34FF0B" box="[881,956,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1896,1919]" captionTargetBox="[224,1363,318,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,267,1875]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Male genitalia: 16 Mesene jimena sp. nov., lateral view, aedeagus removed; 17 Mesene jimena sp. nov., aedeagus showing position of retracted vesica; 18. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view, aedeagus removed; 19. Mesene margaretta lateral view, aedeagus removed; 20. Mesene margaretta, lateral view with vesica extended; 21. Mesene margaretta male, ventral view, aedeagus removed. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277700/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Fig.17</figureCitation>
), one dorsal and two lateral; pedicel broad, short, protruding only slightly beyond valvae at base.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3282513FF076F55FDEDF805" blockId="3.[151,1436,1896,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FF076F55FEDEF8A2" bold="true" box="[151,342,1896,1919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 16–21.</emphasis>
Male genitalia: 16 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3282513FDB46F54FD36F8A1" box="[548,702,1897,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FDB46F54FD36F8A1" box="[548,702,1897,1918]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FD576F54FC91F8A1" bold="true" box="[711,793,1897,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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, lateral view, aedeagus removed; 17 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3282513FB0F6F54FAB2F8A1" box="[1183,1338,1897,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FB0F6F54FAB2F8A1" box="[1183,1338,1897,1918]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FAD26F54FA1DF8A1" bold="true" box="[1346,1429,1897,1918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, aedeagus showing position of retracted vesica; 18. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3282513FD076FB5FCA7F842" box="[663,815,1928,1949]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FD076FB5FCA7F842" box="[663,815,1928,1949]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB3282513FCA46FBAFC0CF843" box="[820,900,1927,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FCA46FBAFC0CF843" bold="true" box="[820,900,1927,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
ventral view, aedeagus removed; 19. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3282513FB6F6FB5FF4EF863" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FB6F6FB5FF4EF863" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lateral view, aedeagus removed; 20. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3282513FDD06F9AFC8CF863" box="[576,772,1959,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FDD06F9AFC8CF863" box="[576,772,1959,1980]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, lateral view with vesica extended; 21. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3282513FB096F9AFAD5F863" box="[1177,1373,1959,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3282513FB096F9AFAD5F863" box="[1177,1373,1959,1980]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male, ventral view, aedeagus removed. Bar is 1mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF5768A5FB68FF70" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" box="[199,1248,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
FEMALE (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32F2514FED668AAFE22FF70" box="[326,426,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Figs.3, 4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32F2514FE2668AAFD88FF70" box="[438,512,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 26" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1819,1842]" captionTargetBox="[228,1338,256,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 26. Female genitalia: 22. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view; 23. Mesene jimena sp. nov. lateral view; 24. Mesene margaretta ventral view; 25. Detail of ostium bursae; 26. Mesene margaretta, lateral view. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277701/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">22, 23</figureCitation>
): Forewing length average of material measured: 14.32 mm, n=7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF556880FC7AFF0B" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" box="[197,1010,188,212]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF556880FECEFF0B" box="[197,326,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Wing shape</emphasis>
: Forewing longer than male with distal margin more curved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF5568DCFB2CFEC3" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF5568DCFE7EFF27" box="[197,502,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Wing color, dorsal surface:</emphasis>
Ground color of both wings uniform light orange, paler than male, costa with marginal black scaling before apex, fringe on both wings black with lighter areas between veins.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF556914FD5DFE10" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF556914FE7CFE9F" box="[197,500,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Wing color, ventral surface</emphasis>
: Ground color of both wings paler orange than dorsally, paler towards anal margin, forewing costa with black scaling, distal margin with small, triangular marginal black marks along the veins, decreasing in size from apex to tornus, distal fringe black at ends of veins, lighter between; hindwing ground color light orange, distal margin with more or less uniform elongated black triangular spots at the ends of the veins, fringe black at ends of veins, lighter between them.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF5569E1FE19FE2B" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" box="[197,401,476,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF5569E1FE89FE2B" box="[197,257,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Head</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32F2514FE8069E1FEA7FE2B" box="[272,303,476,500]" name="American Samoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">As</collectingCountry>
in male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF556A3DFD8DFDC8" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" box="[197,517,511,536]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF556A3DFF77FDC7" box="[197,255,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Body</emphasis>
: Coloration as in male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF556A19FE28FCCB" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF556A19FEA7FDE3" box="[197,303,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32F2514FEAF6A19FE40FDE3" box="[319,456,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 26" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1819,1842]" captionTargetBox="[228,1338,256,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 26. Female genitalia: 22. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view; 23. Mesene jimena sp. nov. lateral view; 24. Mesene margaretta ventral view; 25. Detail of ostium bursae; 26. Mesene margaretta, lateral view. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277701/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Figs. 22, 23</figureCitation>
) Corpus bursae slightly elongated, with two small, invaginate, pointed signa, one longer; ductus bursae short, funnel shaped, bends strongly to left when viewed ventrally, sclerotized with transverse striations, and flat when viewed laterally; ductus seminalis is attached to the right side of the ostium bursae, viewed ventrally; ostium bursae consists of two plates when viewed laterally, the ventral plate larger than the dorsal, slightly flared, round, and bent ventrally; on the right side of the rim when viewed ventrally, is a strongly sclerotized horseshoe-shaped structure; the dorsal plate with amorphous pieces of sclerotized scaly material around the rim in some specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF556B22FCC5FCA0" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF556B22FEB1FCE7" bold="true" box="[197,313,799,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Variation.</emphasis>
There is some individual variation in the length of the black marks between the veins on the ventral surface, sometimes absent, vestigial or slightly longer. Also, some specimens lack completely the vestigial black scaling on the ventral abdomen between the segments (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32F2514FC916B5AFCC8FCA0" box="[769,832,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig.4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF576BB1FC25F990" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF576BB1FE99FC7B" bold="true" box="[199,273,908,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<typeStatus id="54A28864B32F2514FF576BB1FE82FC7B" box="[199,266,908,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Types</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FE8D6BB1FE33FC7B" box="[285,443,908,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">57 specimens</specimenCount>
, all from 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32F2514FDBE6BB1FD0FFC7B" box="[558,647,908,932]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Mexico</collectingCountry>
; 1 
<typeStatus id="54A28864B32F2514FD3D6BB1FC9AFC7B" box="[685,786,908,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 1 allotype and 55 
<typeStatus id="54A28864B32F2514FC626BB0FBE9FC7A" box="[1010,1121,909,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
. 
<typeStatus id="54A28864B32F2514FBFE6BB1FB5CFC7B" box="[1134,1236,908,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FBFE6BB1FB5CFC7B" box="[1134,1236,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
male. 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32F2514FAB66BB1FA11FC7B" box="[1318,1433,908,932]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
: OAXACA El Azulillo, Candelaria, Loxicha, 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FD326B92FCABFC18" box="[674,803,943,967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="2007-11-29">
29/11/ 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32F2514FD786B92FCABFC18" box="[744,803,943,967]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0074" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="2007.4">2007</quantity>
</date>
, 400m MZFC, J. Llorente-A. Luis leg. and a red 
<typeStatus id="54A28864B32F2514FAFC6B8CFA14FC16" box="[1388,1436,945,969]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
label. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF4F6BE9FEB4FC33" box="[223,316,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Allotype</emphasis>
female. Río Santiago, Atoyac de Álvarez, Gro, 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FCE56BE9FC78FC33" box="[885,1008,980,1004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-08-08">8/viii/1985</date>
G. Rodríguez; second label ‘Bosque Tropical subcaducifolio–cafetales 680 msnm’, third label ‘Museo de Zoología 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32F2514FB856BCAFB14FBD0" box="[1045,1180,1015,1039]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
44534, and a red 
<typeStatus id="54A28864B32F2514FAFC6BC4FA14FBCE" box="[1388,1436,1017,1041]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
label. 
<typeStatus id="54A28864B32F2514FF4D6C20FEC7FBEB" box="[221,335,1053,1076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="paratype">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF4D6C20FEC7FBEB" box="[221,335,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Paratypes</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
: GUERRERO: 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FD976C21FD2CFBEB" box="[519,676,1052,1076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">36 specimens</specimenCount>
, 293, Río Santiago Atoyac de Álvarez, 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32F2514FB1A6C21FB5DFBEB" box="[1162,1237,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="680.0">680 m</quantity>
, MZFC, with the following dates: 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FECA6C02FE54FB88" box="[346,476,1087,1111]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FE766C02FDEEFB88" box="[486,614,1087,1111]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1984-07-27">27/07/1984</date>
(44536), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FD4A6C02FCEFFB88" box="[730,871,1087,1111]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FCE26C02FC79FB88" box="[882,1009,1087,1111]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1984-07-28">28/07/1984</date>
(44530, 44541), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FB2D6C02FAC2FB88" box="[1213,1354,1087,1111]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FAC46C02FF47FBA3" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1984-09-16">16/09/ 1984</date>
(44521, 44523, 44529), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FE786C59FDFBFBA3" box="[488,627,1124,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FDEA6C59FD71FBA3" box="[634,761,1124,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1984-09-17">17/09/1984</date>
(44512, 44513, 44514, 44515, 44516, 44517), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FA816C59FA14FBA3" box="[1297,1436,1124,1148]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FF076CBAFE9EFB40" box="[151,278,1159,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1984-09-18">18/09/1984</date>
(3136, 44507, 44508, 44509, 44510, 44511), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FC8F6CBAFC16FB40" box="[799,926,1159,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FC366CBAFBAEFB40" box="[934,1062,1159,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1984-12-07">07/12/1984</date>
(44537), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FB056CBAFA9DFB40" box="[1173,1301,1159,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FA8C6CBAFA14FB40" box="[1308,1436,1159,1183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1984-12-08">08/12/1984</date>
(44532), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FE946C91FE1EFB1B" box="[260,406,1196,1220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FE346C91FDAAFB1B" box="[420,546,1196,1220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-08-06">06/08/1985</date>
(44518, 44533), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FD6A6C91FC08FB1B" box="[762,896,1196,1220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FC1D6C91FB85FB1B" box="[909,1037,1196,1220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-08-07">07/08/1985</date>
(44519), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FB196C91FA87FB1B" box="[1161,1295,1196,1220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FA8D6C91FA15FB1B" box="[1309,1437,1196,1220]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-08-08">08/08/1985</date>
(44524), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FE946CF2FE03FB38" box="[260,395,1231,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FE096CF2FD90FB38" box="[409,536,1231,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-09-09">09/09/1985</date>
(44535), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FD046CF2FCADFB38" box="[660,805,1231,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FCA36CF2FC3AFB38" box="[819,946,1231,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-10-22">22/10/1985</date>
(44526, 44528), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FB196CF2FA87FB38" box="[1161,1295,1231,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FA8D6CF2FA14FB38" box="[1309,1436,1231,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-10-27">27/10/1985</date>
(44539), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FF6E6CC9FEF5FAD3" box="[254,381,1268,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FE146CC9FD8BFAD3" box="[388,515,1268,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-11-24">24/11/1985</date>
(44531); 4ƤƤ with the following dates: 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FC406CC9FBC7FAD3" box="[976,1103,1268,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FBC66CC9FB5DFAD3" box="[1110,1237,1268,1292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1984-07-28">28/07/1984</date>
(44540), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FAD46CC9FF5AFAF0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FF4A6D2AFED2FAF0" box="[218,346,1303,1327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-08-08">08/08/1985</date>
(44520, 44538), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FD8F6D2AFD28FAF0" box="[543,672,1303,1327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FD386D2AFCAFFAF0" box="[680,807,1303,1327]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1985-11-24">24/11/1985</date>
(44522), MZFC; 23 Puente de Los Lugardo, Atoyac de Álvarez 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32F2514FE8C6D01FED3FA8B" box="[284,347,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="900.0">900m</quantity>
with followings dates: 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FDFA6D01FD62FA8B" box="[618,746,1340,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FD636D01FCFBFA8B" box="[755,883,1340,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1984-07-20">20/07/1984</date>
(44527), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FC746D01FBECFA8B" box="[996,1124,1340,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FBFD6D01FB56FA8B" box="[1133,1246,1340,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1983-10-29">29/x/1983</date>
(44525) MZFC. Acahuizotla, Chilpancingo de los Bravos, 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FDE66D62FD70FAA8" box="[630,760,1375,1399]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1971-12-17">17/12/1971</date>
, Adolfo Ibarra Vázquez leg., 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FBD96D62FB47FAA8" box="[1097,1231,1375,1399]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FB446D62FAC7FAA8" box="[1236,1359,1375,1399]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1971-12-17">17/12/1971</date>
CNIN (LEP 25841). OAXACA: 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FE566DB9FDECFA43" box="[454,612,1412,1436]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">19 specimens</specimenCount>
, 9 from Azulillo-Río Candelaria, Candelaria Loxicha, 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32F2514FB4C6DB9FA97FA43" box="[1244,1311,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="400.0">400m</quantity>
, MZFC, J. Llorente-A. Luis leg. 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FE186D9AFD99FA60" box="[392,529,1447,1471]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
1Ƥ y 13 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FDEE6D9AFC89FA60" box="[638,769,1447,1471]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="2007-09-24">24/09/2007</date>
, 1Ƥ 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FCA56D9AFC30FA60" box="[821,952,1447,1471]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="2007-09-22">22/09/2007</date>
; 33 El Azulillo, Candelaria Loxicha, 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32F2514FAE26D9AFF25FA3B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
MZFC, J. Llorente-A. Luis leg. 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FDA06DF1FD35FA3B" box="[560,701,1484,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
with the following dates: 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FC646DF1FBFEFA3B" box="[1012,1142,1484,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="2007-11-29">29/11/2007</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FB146DF1FA8FFA3B" box="[1156,1287,1484,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="2008-08-27">27/08/2008</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FA856DF1FA10FA3B" box="[1301,1432,1484,1508]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="2008-10-20">20/10/2008</date>
. Candelaria Loxicha, Adolfo Ibarra Vázquez leg. 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FD546DD2FCC7F9D8" box="[708,847,1519,1543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FCC86DD2FC33F9D8" box="[856,955,1519,1543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1977-05-01">1/5/1977</date>
CNIN (LEP 25840, LEP 25844), 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FAD36DD2FF4FF9F3" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FF426E29FECBF9F3" box="[210,323,1556,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1982-12-02">2/12/1982</date>
CNIN (LEP 25843); Jesús Saldaña Martínez leg. 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FC1F6E29FB9AF9F3" box="[911,1042,1556,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FB8C6E29FB05F9F3" box="[1052,1165,1556,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1977-01-27">27/1/1977</date>
CNIN (LEP 25842); 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32F2514FA1E6E29FE87F990" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
, 23 4ƤƤ Candelaria Loxicha, 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32F2514FD116E0AFD43F990" box="[641,715,1591,1615]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32F2514FD466E0AFCDFF990" box="[726,855,1591,1615]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1980-11-15">15/11/1980</date>
, (CJC).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF576E61FEE9F948" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
The 
<typeStatus id="54A28864B32F2514FF696E61FED3F9AB" box="[249,347,1628,1652]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and allotype are deposited in the MZFC. The deposition of the 
<typeStatus id="54A28864B32F2514FB8F6E60FB02F9AA" box="[1055,1162,1629,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
is indicated by the acronyms or collector.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303654DB32F2514FF576E99FABAF963" box="[199,1330,1700,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF576E99FABAF963" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" box="[199,1330,1700,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF576E99FEC6F964" bold="true" box="[199,334,1700,1724]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Etymology.</emphasis>
This lovely species is named in honor of Ms 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32F2514FCDC6E99FC13F963" box="[844,923,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">Jimena</taxonomicName>
Llorente, wife of the second author.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303654DB32F2516FF576EFAFC19FEC3" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF576EFAFDA9F8DB" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF576EFAFEE8F93F" bold="true" box="[199,352,1735,1760]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32F2514FEE26EFAFE4DF900" box="[370,453,1735,1759]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1419,1442]" captionTargetBox="[156,1395,195,1380]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1398]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution map of Mesene jimena sp. nov. () and Mesene margaretta () in México. X dry barriers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277702/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
) The species is found in the coastal areas of Guerrero and Oaxaca west of the Sierra Madre del Sur on the Pacific slope.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32F2514FF576F32FECEF800" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FF576F32FE3FF8F7" bold="true" box="[199,439,1807,1832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Habits and habitat.</emphasis>
Va rga s 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32F2514FD896F2CFDDEF8F7" box="[537,598,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
(1991, 1994) described the allotype locality, Río Santiago in Sierra de Atoyac, Guerrero: An area at the base of the mountain between 660 and 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32F2514FC2B6F09FB8BF893" box="[955,1027,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
, somewhat disturbed by coffee plantations which originally was an evergreen tropical forest with riparian vegetation along the rivers Santiago and Las Delicias. The climate is Aw2 (w), very humid with annual precipitation more than 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32F2514FBD16F41FB38F84B" box="[1089,1200,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="1000.0">1000 mm</quantity>
. The combination of forest and coffee plantations creates partially shaded microhabitats. At 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32F2514FC206F9FFC7FF865" box="[944,1015,1954,1978]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
and joining this locality is the Puente de los Lugardo.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF66664EB32E2515FF076F26FA89F88F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277701/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" targetBox="[228,1338,256,1780]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32E2515FF076F26FA89F88F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1819,1872]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32E2515FF076F26FEDEF8EE" bold="true" box="[151,342,1819,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">FIGURES 22–26.</emphasis>
Female genitalia: 22. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32E2515FDD26F20FD55F8ED" box="[578,733,1821,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32E2515FDD26F20FD55F8ED" box="[578,733,1821,1842]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32E2515FD766F21FCB1F8EE" box="[742,825,1820,1841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32E2515FD766F21FCB1F8EE" bold="true" box="[742,825,1820,1841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
ventral view; 23. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32E2515FC626F20FB05F8ED" box="[1010,1165,1821,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32E2515FC626F20FB05F8ED" box="[1010,1165,1821,1842]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32E2515FB066F21FB61F8EE" box="[1174,1257,1820,1841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32E2515FB066F21FB61F8EE" bold="true" box="[1174,1257,1820,1841]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
lateral view; 24. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32E2515FF076F06FED3F88F" box="[151,347,1851,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32E2515FF076F06FED3F88F" box="[151,347,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ventral view; 25. Detail of ostium bursae; 26. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32E2515FCA26F06FC74F88F" box="[818,1020,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32E2515FCA26F06FC71F88F" box="[818,1017,1851,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">Mesene margaretta</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
lateral view. Bar is 1mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32E2515FF556F40FBAEF802" blockId="5.[151,1436,1917,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
The locality of Azulillo (Candelaria Loxicha, Oaxaca) belongs to a region known as evergreen and semi-evergreen tropical forest, which also contains disturbed cultivated areas, with riparian vegetation along the Río Candelaria. The altitude is lower, between 370 and 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32E2515FD396FF8FD7AF802" box="[681,754,1989,2013]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
, but with the same climate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32D2516FF5568A4FC19FEC3" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FF5568A4FEBEFF6F" box="[197,310,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FF5568A4FEBEFF6F" box="[197,310,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is on the wing early in the morning between 0800 to 1000 h, and again after 
<date id="FFA71006B32D2516FB0068AAFAACFF70" box="[1168,1316,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="1400" valueMax="1630">1400 to 1630</date>
h, often in mist or drizzle. They rest on the undersides of large leaves with wings outspread and antennae together. They fly with a mimic unidentified species of Heterocera. The flight is weak and difficult to see in the shade, generally above 3 meters. They fly for periods of 10 seconds before alighting.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303654DB32D2516FF57691AFE2CFEE0" box="[199,420,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32D2516FF57691AFE2CFEE0" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1762]" box="[199,420,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FF57691AFEAFFE9F" bold="true" box="[199,295,295,320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Biology.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303654DB32D2516FF576976FB22FDBF" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32D2516FF576976FB22FDBF" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FF576976FEC9FEBB" bold="true" box="[199,321,331,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32D2516FEDA6971FDDCFEBB" author="Hall" box="[330,596,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Hall, J. P. W. &amp; Lamas, G. (2007) Four new symmachiine taxa from the eastern Andes of Peru and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Zootaxa, 1533, 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="2007">Hall and Lamas (2007)</bibRefCitation>
include the southern Mexican populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FBF46970FA87FEBB" box="[1124,1295,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FBF46970FA87FEBB" box="[1124,1295,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FA896971FAFDFEBB" box="[1305,1397,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FA896971FAFDFEBB" bold="true" box="[1305,1397,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, as conspecific with a polymorphic 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FE6F694CFD57FE57" box="[511,735,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FE6F694CFD53FE57" box="[511,731,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">Mesene margaretta</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Maza (1987), Vargas 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FC45694CFB85FE57" box="[981,1037,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
(1991, 1994) and Luis 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FA83694CFAC3FE57" box="[1299,1355,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
(2004) also were confused by this species (
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FDB669A8FB96FE73" box="[550,1054,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
v. gr. Chimastrum 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FD6369A8FCFAFE73" box="[755,882,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">margaretta</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FCEC69A8FB96FE73" box="[892,1054,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oriens">Mesene oriens</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
ssp., 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FBCD69A8FABEFE73" box="[1117,1334,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FBCD69A8FABEFE73" box="[1117,1334,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp.).We contend, however, that 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FE0B6984FDCBFE0F" box="[411,579,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FE0B6984FDCBFE0F" box="[411,579,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FDDA6985FD2BFE0F" box="[586,675,440,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FDDA6985FD2BFE0F" bold="true" box="[586,675,440,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is a valid species, despite morphological similarities in the genitalia and the existence in both of 4 dorsal abdominal androconial scale pads. We recognize four classes of criteria that can elucidate the question of the species status of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FD5D6A3CFCFFFDC7" box="[717,887,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FD5D6A3CFCFFFDC7" box="[717,887,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FCEF6A3DFC52FDC7" box="[895,986,512,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FCEF6A3DFC52FDC7" bold="true" box="[895,986,512,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
as well as allopatric populations generally. These are morphology, temporal/spatial barriers, biogeographical factors and ecological differentiation. Each of these will be examined in turn with respect to the species status of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FC306A74FBC1FDBF" box="[928,1097,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FC306A74FBC1FDBF" box="[928,1097,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FBC06A75FB22FDBF" box="[1104,1194,584,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FBC06A75FB22FDBF" bold="true" box="[1104,1194,584,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303654DB32D2519FF576A51FA1EF95E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32D2516FF576A51FA00FB7D" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FF576A51FEE8FD5B" bold="true" box="[199,352,620,644]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Morphology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FEF66A50FD87FD5B" box="[358,527,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FEF66A50FD87FD5B" box="[358,527,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FD856A51FDE6FD5B" box="[533,622,620,644]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FD856A51FDE6FD5B" bold="true" box="[533,622,620,644]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be easily separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FC286A50FBD0FD5B" box="[952,1112,621,644]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FC286A50FBD0FD5B" box="[952,1112,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following: The dorsal wing surface of both sexes is uniform light orange-yellow instead of red and with no elongated pointed black lines extending from the apex along the veins, separated (or not) by white scaling1. The red flush in the discal area of the hind wing (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FE866AE7FE28FD2D" box="[278,416,730,754]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Figs 5, 9, 11</figureCitation>
) typical of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FDB16AE1FD4AFD2C" box="[545,706,732,755]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FDB16AE1FD4AFD2C" box="[545,706,732,755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males is lacking. Although both sexes of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FB046AE1FAB4FD2C" box="[1172,1340,732,755]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FB046AE1FAB4FD2C" box="[1172,1340,732,755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FAD36AE6FA14FD2C" box="[1347,1436,731,755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FAD36AE6FA14FD2C" bold="true" box="[1347,1436,731,755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
have black lines between the veins on the ventral surface, they are much shorter than the same markings in 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FAD16B3DFF66FCE4" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FAD16B3DFF63FCE4" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">M. margaretta</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
In 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FE856B19FE37FCE4" box="[277,447,804,827]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FE856B19FE37FCE4" box="[277,447,804,827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FE576B1EFDAAFCE4" box="[455,546,803,827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FE576B1EFDAAFCE4" bold="true" box="[455,546,803,827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, the inner margin of the male ventral forewing is lighter ground color, lacking the black bar (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FEAD6B7AFE54FC80" box="[317,476,839,863]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Figs.6, 10, 12</figureCitation>
) typical of 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FDF26B75FC85FC80" box="[610,781,840,863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FDF26B75FC81FC80" box="[610,777,840,863]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">M. margaretta</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The black markings between the segments of the ventral abdomen, a prominent character of 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FDB46B51FD44FC5C" box="[548,716,876,899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FDB46B51FD41FC5C" box="[548,713,876,899]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">M. margaretta</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
are quite variable in 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FC296B51FBEAFC5C" box="[953,1122,876,899]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FC296B51FBEAFC5C" box="[953,1122,876,899]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FBF96B56FB4AFC5C" box="[1129,1218,875,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FBF96B56FB4AFC5C" bold="true" box="[1129,1218,875,899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ranging from total absence (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FF6F6BB2FECCFC78" box="[255,324,911,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
), to vestigial (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FE756BB2FDABFC78" box="[485,547,911,935]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Fig.2</figureCitation>
). The genitalia of the two phenotypes are practically identical, but, discounting individual variation, there are small but consistent differences among the material examined (
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32D2516FB356B8FFB74FC15" box="[1189,1276,946,970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="male">4 males</specimenCount>
and 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32D2516FAA16B8FFA14FC15" box="[1329,1436,946,970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
of each species). In 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FEEC6BE5FDAEFC30" box="[380,550,984,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FEEC6BE5FDAEFC30" box="[380,550,984,1007]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FDBF6BEAFD02FC30" box="[559,650,983,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FDBF6BEAFD02FC30" bold="true" box="[559,650,983,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
the anteroventrad lobes of the tegument are more rounded, not elongated as in 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FE8D6BC1FE48FBCC" box="[285,448,1020,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FE8D6BC1FE48FBCC" box="[285,448,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FE426BC7FD05FBCD" box="[466,653,1018,1042]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1896,1919]" captionTargetBox="[224,1363,318,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,267,1875]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Male genitalia: 16 Mesene jimena sp. nov., lateral view, aedeagus removed; 17 Mesene jimena sp. nov., aedeagus showing position of retracted vesica; 18. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view, aedeagus removed; 19. Mesene margaretta lateral view, aedeagus removed; 20. Mesene margaretta, lateral view with vesica extended; 21. Mesene margaretta male, ventral view, aedeagus removed. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277700/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Figs. 16, 19, 20</figureCitation>
). In a lateral view, the vinculum of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FBBC6BC1FB50FBCC" box="[1068,1240,1020,1043]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FBBC6BC1FB50FBCC" box="[1068,1240,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FB716BC6FAB5FBCC" box="[1249,1341,1019,1043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FB716BC6FAB5FBCC" bold="true" box="[1249,1341,1019,1043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is more strongly “S” shaped and bowed more sharply closer to the saccus. (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FC116C22FC5AFBE8" box="[897,978,1055,1079]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1896,1919]" captionTargetBox="[224,1363,318,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,267,1875]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Male genitalia: 16 Mesene jimena sp. nov., lateral view, aedeagus removed; 17 Mesene jimena sp. nov., aedeagus showing position of retracted vesica; 18. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view, aedeagus removed; 19. Mesene margaretta lateral view, aedeagus removed; 20. Mesene margaretta, lateral view with vesica extended; 21. Mesene margaretta male, ventral view, aedeagus removed. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277700/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) In 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FC6E6C1DFB10FBE8" box="[1022,1176,1056,1079]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FC6E6C1DFB10FBE8" box="[1022,1176,1056,1079]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is straighter or more uniformly curved (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FEFC6C7FFE70FB85" box="[364,504,1090,1114]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1896,1919]" captionTargetBox="[224,1363,318,1850]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,267,1875]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Male genitalia: 16 Mesene jimena sp. nov., lateral view, aedeagus removed; 17 Mesene jimena sp. nov., aedeagus showing position of retracted vesica; 18. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view, aedeagus removed; 19. Mesene margaretta lateral view, aedeagus removed; 20. Mesene margaretta, lateral view with vesica extended; 21. Mesene margaretta male, ventral view, aedeagus removed. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277700/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Figs. 19, 20</figureCitation>
). In the female genitalia, the signa of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FC386C79FBC3FB84" box="[936,1099,1092,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FC386C79FBC3FB84" box="[936,1099,1092,1115]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are more uniform in size and larger (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FF796C5AFEB7FBA0" box="[233,319,1127,1151]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 26" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1819,1842]" captionTargetBox="[228,1338,256,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 26. Female genitalia: 22. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view; 23. Mesene jimena sp. nov. lateral view; 24. Mesene margaretta ventral view; 25. Detail of ostium bursae; 26. Mesene margaretta, lateral view. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277701/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
); the dorsal plate in 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FDBA6C55FD45FBA0" box="[554,717,1128,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FDBA6C55FD45FBA0" box="[554,717,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is larger, with a more pronounced cleavage between the plates (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FF0F6CB7FF7BFB7D" box="[159,243,1162,1186]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 26" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1819,1842]" captionTargetBox="[228,1338,256,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 26. Female genitalia: 22. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view; 23. Mesene jimena sp. nov. lateral view; 24. Mesene margaretta ventral view; 25. Detail of ostium bursae; 26. Mesene margaretta, lateral view. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277701/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
), and the horseshoe shaped structure less sclerotized and more separated from the ventral plate (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FAB76CB7FAF3FB7D" box="[1319,1403,1162,1186]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 26" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1819,1842]" captionTargetBox="[228,1338,256,1780]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1798]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 26. Female genitalia: 22. Mesene jimena sp. nov. ventral view; 23. Mesene jimena sp. nov. lateral view; 24. Mesene margaretta ventral view; 25. Detail of ostium bursae; 26. Mesene margaretta, lateral view. Bar is 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277701/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32D2516FF576C93FCC7F9D5" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FF576C93FE0BFB18" bold="true" box="[199,387,1198,1223]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Space and time.</emphasis>
Spatial and temporal barriers relating to perching behavior have been discussed for Neotropical riodinid butterflies (
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32D2516FE306CEFFDD4FB35" author="Callaghan" box="[416,604,1234,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Callaghan, C. J. (1983) A study of isolating mechanisms among Neotropical butterflies of the subfamily Riodininae. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 21 (3), 159 - 176." type="journal article" year="1983">Callaghan, 1983</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32D2516FDF86CEFFD53FB35" author="Hall" box="[616,731,1234,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Hall, J. P. W. (1999) A revision of the genus Theope: Its systematics and biology. (Lepidoptera; Riodinidae; Nymphidiini). Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, 127 pp." type="book" year="1999">Hall 1999</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32D2516FD776CEFFC7EFB35" author="Hall" box="[743,1014,1234,1259]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Hall, J. P. W. &amp; Harvey, D. J. (2002 b) A survey of androconial organs in the Riodinidae (Lepidoptera). Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society, 136, 171 - 197." type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="b">Hall and Harvey, 2002b</bibRefCitation>
). In this case it is shown that closely related congeneric riodinid butterflies often perch at different times and microhabitats (
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32D2516FB116CCAFAC8FAD0" author="Callaghan" box="[1153,1344,1271,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Callaghan, C. J. (1983) A study of isolating mechanisms among Neotropical butterflies of the subfamily Riodininae. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera, 21 (3), 159 - 176." type="journal article" year="1983">Callaghan, 1983</bibRefCitation>
). If two populations are characterized by perching in different times and localities, presumably this would be an effective potential isolating mechanism, thus reducing their interbreeding potential. This is true in the case of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FB646D7DFA14FA88" box="[1268,1436,1344,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FB646D7DFA14FA88" box="[1268,1436,1344,1367]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FF076D5EFF7BFAA4" box="[151,243,1379,1403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FF076D5EFF7BFAA4" bold="true" box="[151,243,1379,1403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FEBF6D59FD18FAA4" box="[303,656,1380,1403]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FEBF6D59FE5FFAA4" box="[303,471,1380,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">M. margaretta</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FE746D59FD18FAA4" box="[484,656,1380,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">Mesene jimena</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32D2516FD0A6D5EFD7EFAA4" box="[666,758,1379,1403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FD0A6D5EFD7EFAA4" bold="true" box="[666,758,1379,1403]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is active during the early morning and late afternoon, and under inclement weather conditions, whereas 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FD326DB5FCCDFA40" box="[674,837,1416,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FD326DB5FCCDFA40" box="[674,837,1416,1439]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males perch in treefalls and along trails in the early afternoon in sunflecks. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32D2516FE0C6D97FDC0FA1D" author="DeVries" box="[412,584,1450,1474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="DeVries, P. (1993) The butterflies of Costa Rica and their natural history. Vol. II Riodinidae. Princeton University Press, Princeton, 288 pp." type="book" year="1993">DeVries (1993)</bibRefCitation>
reports activity between 0900 and 1100 h in 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32D2516FBAC6D97FB32FA1D" box="[1084,1210,1450,1474]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
. In 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32D2516FB716D97FAC7FA1D" box="[1249,1359,1450,1474]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Colombia</collectingCountry>
one of us (CJC) has observed males perching between 
<date id="FFA71006B32D2516FD216DF2FCDFFA38" box="[689,855,1487,1511]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" value="1100" valueMax="1400">1100 and 1400</date>
h. In 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32D2516FC0A6DF2FC7BFA38" box="[922,1011,1487,1511]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, they fly from 900 to 1700 h, peaking around 1200 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FEB46DCEFEBAF9D4" bold="true" box="[292,306,1523,1547]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">–</emphasis>
1430 h (Llorente and Luis-Martinez, 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FD426DC9FCB7F9D4" box="[722,831,1523,1547]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">pers. obs.</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32D2516FF576E2BFA14F93D" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,1762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FF576E2BFEFBF9F0" bold="true" box="[199,371,1558,1583]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Biogeography.</emphasis>
Another indication of species status would be a distribution range corresponding to an area of high endemism among butterflies, as well as other organisms. It has been suggested that there is a high correlation between riodinid species and recognized regions of endemism, particularly in the Amazon (
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32D2516FB426E62FF68F945" author="Hall" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" refString="Hall, J. P. W. &amp; Harvey D. J. (2002 a) The phylogeography of Amazonia revisited: new evidence from riodinid butterflies. Evolution, 56, 1489 - 97." type="journal article" year="2002" yearSuffix="a">Hall and Harvey, 2002a</bibRefCitation>
). The Pacific region of 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32D2516FE776EBFFDB4F945" box="[487,572,1666,1690]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mexico</collectingCountry>
shows the greatest amount of endemism in the country (paleo and neo-endemism). The northern limits of the distribution of the Neotropical fauna confronted with strong barriers on the Mexican Pacific slope favor speciation. In the diverse tropical and mesophylic mountain forests of this region endemic
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32D2516FF076F1CFDEDF82F" blockId="6.[151,1437,1824,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
1. The variation on the extent of the black and white apical markings on 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FC016F1CFBAAF8E9" box="[913,1058,1825,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FC016F1CFBAAF8E9" box="[913,1058,1825,1846]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be within populations and not between them. In the northern coastal range of 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32D2516FD566F02FCA6F88A" box="[710,814,1855,1877]" name="Venezuela" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(Cordillera de la Costa) in the Provinces of Aragua and Carabobo, both phenotypes shown in 
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FD886F60FD0BF8AC" box="[536,643,1885,1907]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Figs. 9–14</figureCitation>
fly together in the same habitat, from 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32D2516FB9B6F63FB2BF8AC" box="[1035,1187,1885,1907]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="15.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="875.0" valueMax="1550.0" valueMin="200.0">200 to 1550 m</quantity>
. (Juan C de Sousa, 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FAFA6F62FF79F84D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">pers. com</emphasis>
.). Similar differences are found in populations at Cali, Valle del Cauca and Villavicencio, Meta, in 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32D2516FB686F41FAE9F84D" box="[1272,1377,1916,1938]" name="Colombia" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Colombia</collectingCountry>
.(CJC, pers. obs.). In 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32D2516FEC96FA6FE5BF86E" box="[345,467,1947,1969]" name="El Salvador" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">El Salvador</collectingCountry>
, the 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FD936FA1FD1DF86E" box="[515,661,1948,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FD936FA1FD1DF86E" box="[515,661,1948,1969]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
population shows a considerable reduction of the black forewing markings; however there are also individuals with normal markings. In 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32D2516FCC66F84FC2BF810" box="[854,931,1977,1999]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Mexico</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32D2516FC4D6F84FBC5F810" box="[989,1101,1977,1999]" name="Guatemala" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
, the 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32D2516FB156F86FA93F80F" box="[1157,1307,1979,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FB156F86FA93F80F" box="[1157,1307,1979,2000]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32D2516FF5E6FE7FEA1F82E" box="[206,297,2009,2033]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,227,1625]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1643]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 15. 1, 2 Mesene jimena sp. nov. Holotype male, dorsal, ventral; 3,4 Mesene jimena sp. nov., female, dorsal, ventral; 5 – 14 Mesene margaretta variation. 5. male Chiapas, Mexico, dorsal, 6. ventral; 7. female Chiapas, dorsal, 8. ventral; 9. male, Palmichal, Caribobo, Venezuela, dorsal, 10. ventral; 11. Río Cangua, Barinas, Venezuela, male dorsal, 12. ventral; 13. female Cuyagua, Aragua, Venezuela, 14. ventral. Fig. 15 Mesene margaretta, male resting beneath leaf, Mexico." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277699/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
Figs.5 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32D2516FE9E6FE4FE94F82E" bold="true" box="[270,284,2009,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">–</emphasis>
8
</figureCitation>
) show no significant variation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32C2517FF0768AAFD82FE73" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
subfamilies, genera, species and subspecies are found that characterize the distinct provinces which drain into the Pacific. These provinces are South Sonora, Mexican Pacific Coast, South Sierra Madre Occidental, the West of Transmexican Volcanic Belt, Balsas Basin, and Sierra Madre del Sur (Morrone 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FB8E68DCFBDFFF27" box="[1054,1111,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
, 1999, 2002; Espinosa 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FAF368DCFA14FF27" box="[1379,1436,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
2000, 2008). 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32C2517FEBF6938FDB2FEC3" author="Morrone" box="[303,570,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refString="Morrone, J. J. (2001) Biogeografia de America Latina y el Caribe. Manuales y Tesis, Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, Serie Tesis Nº 3, Zaragoza. 148 pp." type="book" year="2001">
Morrone (2001: 40 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FD966939FD9CFEC3" bold="true" box="[518,532,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">–</emphasis>
42)
</bibRefCitation>
includes the area where 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FCC56938FC77FEC3" box="[853,1023,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FCC56938FC77FEC3" box="[853,1023,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32C2517FB976939FBEAFEC3" box="[1031,1122,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FB976939FBEAFEC3" bold="true" box="[1031,1122,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is found in the biotic province called “Provincia de la Costa Pacífica Mexicana”, and he mentions numerous endemics found there. The 40 characteristic taxa that Morrone enumerates for the Provincia de la Costa Pacífica Mexicana include taxa from the south of Sinaloa y Michoacán, as well as from dry areas like the “islas húmedas”, and two from humid areas where 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FF0769A8FEB7FE73" box="[151,319,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FF0769A8FEB7FE73" box="[151,319,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32C2517FED669A9FE28FE73" box="[326,416,404,428]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FED669A9FE28FE73" bold="true" box="[326,416,404,428]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is found.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32C2517FF57698AFED3FD78" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
Previously, Llorente (1984) had delimited an area of endemism as a sub-region of this province, considering only Oaxaca and Guerrero on the Mexican Pacific Coast between the isthmus of Tehuantepec, a very dry region serving as a barrier between Oaxaca and Chiapas, and the dry Balsas basin on the coast to the northwest. (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32C2517FAAB69C2FA18FDC8" box="[1339,1424,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1419,1442]" captionTargetBox="[156,1395,195,1380]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1398]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution map of Mesene jimena sp. nov. () and Mesene margaretta () in México. X dry barriers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277702/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
). To the north, the area is separated by the heights of the Sierra Madre del Sur of over 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32C2517FBD26A19FB1BFDE3" box="[1090,1171,548,572]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000m</quantity>
. This area of endemism is closely related with the Province of the Sierra Madre del Sur, but the limits between both are forests between 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FF076A51FEB5FD5B" box="[151,317,620,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1000" valueMax="2000">
1000 and 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B32C2517FE956A51FEB5FD5B" box="[261,317,620,644]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000</quantity>
</date>
m that include holm oak forests and cloud forests of mid elevation, as characterized in Llorente and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32C2517FF076AB2FEDEFD78" box="[151,342,655,679]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refString="Llorente - Bousquets, J. &amp; Escalante, P. (1992) Insular biogeography of Submontane Humid Forests in Mexico. In: S. P. Darwin &amp; A. L. Welden, (Eds). Biogeography of Mesoamerica. Tulane studies in Zoology and Botany. E. O. Painter Printing Company, University of Louisiana, pp. 139 - 146." type="book chapter">Escalante (1992)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32C2517FF576A89FBAEFCA0" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
These two barriers also limit many other species of Papilionoidea. For 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FC7D6A89FBE3FD13" box="[1005,1131,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Riodinidae</taxonomicName>
, this region supports endemism on the level of genus and species. Examples are 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FC9C6AE5FA9EFD30" authority="Beutelspacher, 1976" authorityName="Beutelspacher" authorityYear="1976" box="[780,1302,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Lamphiotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velazquezi">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FC9C6AE5FB9BFD2F" box="[780,1043,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Lamphiotes velazquezi,</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32C2517FBB36AEAFA86FD30" author="Beutelspacher" box="[1059,1294,727,751]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refString="Beutelspacher, C. R. (1976) Una nueva riodinida mexicana del genero Nymula Bdv. (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Lepidopterologia, 2 (2), 73 - 75." type="journal article" year="1976">Beutelspacher, 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32C2517FAB36AEAFF5AFCCB" author="Callaghan" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refString="Callaghan, C. J. (1982) Three new genera of riodinids from Mexico and Central America. Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Lepidopterologia, 7 (2), 55 - 63." type="journal article" year="1982">Callaghan, 1982</bibRefCitation>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FF746AC1FD54FCCB" authority="McAlpine, 1971" authorityName="McAlpine" authorityYear="1971" box="[228,732,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Calephelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acapulcoensis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FF746AC1FD86FCCB" box="[228,526,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Calephelis acapulcoensis,</emphasis>
McAlpine, 1971
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FD7F6AC1FAEAFCCB" authority="Callaghan, Llorente &amp; Luis, 2007" authorityName="Callaghan, Llorente &amp; Luis" authorityYear="2007" box="[751,1378,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Exoplisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azuleja">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FD7F6AC1FC36FCCB" box="[751,958,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Exoplisia azuleja,</emphasis>
Callaghan, Llorente &amp; Luis, 2007
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FF076B1DFEA4FCE7" box="[151,300,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Theope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villai">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FF076B1DFEA4FCE7" box="[151,300,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Theope villai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Beutelspacher, 1981. (
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32C2517FDA96B22FC96FCE8" author="Beutelspacher" box="[569,798,799,823]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refString="Beutelspacher, C. R. (1976) Una nueva riodinida mexicana del genero Nymula Bdv. (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Revista de la Sociedad Mexicana de Lepidopterologia, 2 (2), 73 - 75." type="journal article" year="1976">Beutelspacher 1976</bibRefCitation>
, Llorente-Bousquets 1988, Llorente-Bousquets &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32C2517FACE6B1CFE99FC83" author="Escalante" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refString="Llorente - Bousquets, J. &amp; Escalante, P. (1992) Insular biogeography of Submontane Humid Forests in Mexico. In: S. P. Darwin &amp; A. L. Welden, (Eds). Biogeography of Mesoamerica. Tulane studies in Zoology and Botany. E. O. Painter Printing Company, University of Louisiana, pp. 139 - 146." type="book chapter" year="1992">Escalante 1992</bibRefCitation>
, Llorente-Bousquets &amp; Luis-Martínez 1992, Llorente-Bousquets 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FC666B78FBB8FC83" box="[1014,1072,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
1992, 1993, 2006, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32C2517FA9E6B78FF5AFCA0" author="Vargas" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refString="Luis - Martinez, A., Llorente - Bousquets, J. &amp; Vargas, I. (1996) Distribucion geografica, estacionalidad y comportamiento de Diaethria asteria (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Tropical Lepidoptera, 7 (1), 39 - 44." type="journal article" year="1996">
Vargas 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FAF26B78FA14FC83" box="[1378,1436,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
1996
</bibRefCitation>
, Luis-Martínez 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FE146B54FE34FC5F" box="[388,444,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
1996, 2003, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32C2517FDDF6B5AFC91FCA0" author="Austin" box="[591,793,871,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refString="Austin, G. T., Warren, A. D., Penz, C. M., Llorente - Bousquets, J., Luis - Martinez, A. &amp;. Vargas, I. (2007) A new species of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] from western Mexico (Nymphalidae: Morphinae: Brassolini). Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 150, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2007">
Austin 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FD316B54FD51FC5F" box="[673,729,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
, Callaghan 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FC0E6B54FC5EFC5F" box="[926,982,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
2007).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32C2517FF576BB0FE19FB1B" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
In contrast, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FEDB6BB0FDABFC7B" box="[331,547,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FEDB6BB0FDABFC7B" box="[331,547,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ranges from eastern 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32C2517FC9C6BB1FCE1FC7B" box="[780,873,908,932]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B32C2517FCE76BB1FBFCFC7B" author="Hall" box="[887,1140,908,932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" refString="Hall, J. P. W. &amp; Lamas, G. (2007) Four new symmachiine taxa from the eastern Andes of Peru and Ecuador (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae). Zootaxa, 1533, 41 - 52." type="journal article" year="2007">Hall and Lamas, 2007</bibRefCitation>
); 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32C2517FB166BB1FB7CFC7B" box="[1158,1268,908,932]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Colombia</collectingCountry>
on both slopes of the Andes, the northern Andes of 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32C2517FDBC6B92FD2AFC18" box="[556,674,943,967]" name="Venezuela" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, then north through Central 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32C2517FC4B6B92FBB4FC18" box="[987,1084,943,967]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">America</collectingCountry>
to 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32C2517FBCE6B92FB3BFC18" box="[1118,1203,943,967]" name="Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(CJC). The two species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FF416BE8FEFBFC33" box="[209,371,981,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FF416BE8FEFBFC33" box="[209,371,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FE3B6BE8FDDCFC33" box="[427,596,981,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FE3B6BE8FDDCFC33" box="[427,596,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB32C2517FDCC6BE9FD3EFC33" box="[604,694,980,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FDCC6BE9FD3EFC33" bold="true" box="[604,694,980,1004]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
are allopatric in 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32C2517FCE76BE9FC47FC33" box="[887,975,980,1004]" name="Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, and specimens examined show no signs of interbreeding, nor has a blend zone been discovered despite intensive collecting. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FBCB6BC4FABEFBCF" box="[1115,1334,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FBCB6BC4FABEFBCF" box="[1115,1334,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found from Chiapas to San Luis Potosí on the Atlantic slope. (
<figureCitation id="13222A43B32C2517FC8D6C21FCF9FBEB" box="[797,881,1052,1076]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1419,1442]" captionTargetBox="[156,1395,195,1380]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1398]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution map of Mesene jimena sp. nov. () and Mesene margaretta () in México. X dry barriers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277702/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
) Records from 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32C2517FBB66C21FBF4FBEB" box="[1062,1148,1052,1076]" name="Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mexico</collectingCountry>
are shown below from a number of museum collections. Data with the locality of Candelaria, Oaxaca is in error. The material was gathered from local collectors by Edward Welling, a butterfly dealer, and probably represents other localities. Extensive collecting in the Pacific slope in Oaxaca by the junior authors over the last 30 years has failed to record 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FA996CB4FF6FFB1B" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FA996CB4FF6FFB1B" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from this area.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B32C2517FF576CF2FD99F803" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FF576CF2FD72FB37" bold="true" box="[199,762,1231,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">
Mexican specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B32C2517FE476CEDFDFFFB38" box="[471,631,1232,1255]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B32C2517FE476CEDFDFFFB38" bold="true" box="[471,631,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">M margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined.
</emphasis>
A total of 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FCE86CEDFBAAFB37" box="[888,1058,1232,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">240 specimens</specimenCount>
. 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32C2517FBBE6CEDFB28FB37" box="[1070,1184,1232,1256]" name="Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
. SAN 
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FB7C6CEDFAA2FB37" box="[1260,1322,1232,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">LUIS</collectionCode>
POTOSÍ: La Mera Ceiba, Tamazunchale 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FE656CCEFDE9FAD3" box="[501,609,1267,1292]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-01">23 Jan.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FDE06CC9FD4BFAD3" box="[624,707,1268,1292]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); HIDALGO: Pilcuatla, Tlanchinol 1Ƥ May (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FB516CC9FA9CFAD3" box="[1217,1300,1268,1292]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); PUEBLA: Barranca de Patla 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FEF46D2AFE5FFAF0" box="[356,471,1303,1327]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-02">23 Feb.</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FE736D2AFDDAFAF0" box="[483,594,1303,1327]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-07">23 July</date>
, 13, 1Ƥ Aug. 133, 3ƤƤ Sept., 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FC426D2AFBC0FAF0" box="[978,1096,1303,1327]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-03">13 March</date>
, La Ceiba, Francisco Z. Mena 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FF076D06FE8DFA8B" box="[151,261,1339,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-01">23 Jan.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FE876D01FEE1FA8B" box="[279,361,1340,1364]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FE106D06FE7AFA8B" box="[384,498,1339,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1933-07">33 July</date>
, 13, 1Ƥ Aug., 1Ƥ Sept. (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FCB16D01FCE4FA8B" box="[801,876,1340,1364]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qbc0-xx4g" name="Coleccion Nacional de Insectos, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">CNIN</collectionCode>
); Tequesquitla 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FB8B6D06FB1AFA8A" box="[1051,1170,1339,1365]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-05">23 May</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FB306D06FA90FA8B" box="[1184,1304,1339,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1943-06">43 June</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FAB66D06FA10FA8B" box="[1318,1432,1339,1364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-07">23 July</date>
, 43, 1Ƥ Aug., 23, 2ƤƤ Sept., 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FD8D6D62FD07FAA8" box="[541,655,1375,1399]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-10">23 Oct.</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FD0B6D62FC98FAA8" box="[667,784,1375,1399]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-12">23 Dec.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FC8F6D62FCF9FAA8" box="[799,881,1375,1399]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); 63, 2ƤƤ July, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FBD86D62FB25FAA7" box="[1096,1197,1375,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-08">13 Aug.</date>
, 273, 12ƤƤ Sept., 93, 1Ƥ Oct., 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FED66DBEFE34FA43" box="[326,444,1411,1436]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1933-11">33 Nov.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FE5A6DB9FD9DFA43" box="[458,533,1412,1436]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qbc0-xx4g" name="Coleccion Nacional de Insectos, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">CNIN</collectionCode>
); VERACRUZ: Barranca de Cayoapa, Tejería, Teocelo 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FB1A6DBEFB75FA43" box="[1162,1277,1411,1436]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-02">23 Feb.</date>
, 13, 1Ƥ 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FAF56DB9FF64FA60" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1953-08-01">Aug. 53, 1</date>
Ƥ Sept. (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FEC46D9AFE2FFA60" box="[340,423,1447,1471]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Camino a Santa Rosa, Teocelo 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FCB26D9AFC16FA60" box="[802,926,1447,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1943-09">43 Sept.</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FC3B6D9AFBA8FA60" box="[939,1056,1447,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-12">23 Dec.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FBA06D9AFB0BFA60" box="[1072,1155,1447,1471]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Catemaco 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FA816D9AFA14FA60" box="[1297,1436,1447,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
April, 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FF706DF1FEE1FA3B" box="[224,361,1484,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
Aug. (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FE276DF1FD86FA3B" box="[439,526,1484,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MGCL</collectionCode>
); 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FDB26DF6FD0EFA3B" box="[546,646,1483,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-09">13 Sept.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FD056DF1FD68FA3B" box="[661,736,1484,1508]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qbc0-xx4g" name="Coleccion Nacional de Insectos, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">CNIN</collectionCode>
); 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FD636DF6FCDCFA3B" box="[755,852,1483,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-11">13 Nov.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FCF26DF1FC3DFA3B" box="[866,949,1484,1508]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Coatepec 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FBA86DF1FB4AFA3B" box="[1080,1218,1484,1508]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FB416DF1FAA0FA3B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1233,1320,1484,1508]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">USNM</collectionCode>
); Córdoba 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FF076DD2FEA9F9D8" box="[151,289,1519,1543]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
Jan. (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FEF66DD2FE35F9D8" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[358,445,1519,1543]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">USNM</collectionCode>
); Cuetzalapan 1Ƥ July, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FD5B6DD2FCA5F9D7" box="[715,813,1519,1544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-08">13 Aug.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FCAD6DD2FC00F9D8" box="[829,904,1519,1543]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qbc0-xx4g" name="Coleccion Nacional de Insectos, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">CNIN</collectionCode>
); Dos Amates, Catemaco 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FB3D6DD2FA85F9D8" box="[1197,1293,1519,1543]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-12">13 Dec.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FA8C6DD2FAE7F9D8" box="[1308,1391,1519,1543]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); El Puente San Marcos 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FE106E2EFE74F9F3" box="[384,508,1555,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1973-08">73 Aug.</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FD9B6E2EFDFBF9F3" box="[523,627,1555,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-09">13 Sept.</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FD126E2EFD57F9F3" box="[642,735,1555,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-10">13 Oct.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FD616E29FCCCF9F3" box="[753,836,1556,1580]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); El Puente Texolo, Teocelo-San Marcos 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FAB66E2EFA10F9F3" box="[1318,1432,1555,1580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-07">23 July</date>
, 63, 1Ƥ Aug., 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FEDD6E0AFE40F990" box="[333,456,1591,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1973-09">73 Sept.</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FE436E0AFDB8F990" box="[467,560,1591,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-10">13 Oct.</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FDAC6E0AFD39F990" box="[572,689,1591,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-11">23 Nov.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FD506E0AFC9BF990" box="[704,787,1591,1615]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Fortín de las 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B32C2517FC2A6E0AFB8BF990" box="[954,1027,1591,1615]" name="Indonesia" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">Flores</collectingCountry>
, Jardín Moctezuma 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FB766E0AFAC0F990" box="[1254,1352,1591,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1917-03-02">2 3 17</date>
-IX-49, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FF076E61FF3BF9AB" box="[151,179,1628,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1968-12-21">21</date>
-XII-68; 43, 2ƤƤ Jan., 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FE446E66FDB1F9AB" box="[468,569,1627,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-09">13 Sept.</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FDD46E66FD2AF9AB" box="[580,674,1627,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-12">13 Dec.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FD3F6E61FD72F9AB" box="[687,762,1628,1652]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qbc0-xx4g" name="Coleccion Nacional de Insectos, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">CNIN</collectionCode>
); 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FC9D6E66FC08F9AB" box="[781,896,1627,1652]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-12">23 Dec.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FC1E6E61FC69F9AB" box="[910,993,1628,1652]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Las Juntas, Llano Grande 13, 1Ƥ Jan. (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FF0F6E42FF7AF948" box="[159,242,1663,1687]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Presidio, Ixhuatlán del Café 23, 1Ƥ VIII (40, 47, 50), 13, 1Ƥ (42, 45), 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FBAC6E42FB3BF948" box="[1084,1203,1663,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1941-07-13">13 VII-41</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FB526E42FA92F948" box="[1218,1306,1663,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MGCL</collectionCode>
); Catemaco 1Ƥ 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FF506E99FEB9F964" box="[192,305,1699,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1957-04-13">IV-57, 13</date>
, 1Ƥ 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FEF86E99FE36F963" box="[360,446,1700,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1957-08">VIII-57</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FE5C6E99FDACF963" box="[460,548,1700,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MGCL</collectionCode>
); 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FDA76E99FD37F963" box="[567,703,1700,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
March. 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FC8D6E99FC2EF963" box="[797,934,1700,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
April, 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FC656E99FBF6F963" box="[1013,1150,1700,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
May, 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FB546E99FAC4F963" box="[1220,1356,1700,1724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
July, 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FA1E6E99FE84F900" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
Aug., 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FECC6EFAFE60F900" box="[348,488,1735,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
Sept. (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FDAA6EFAFD1EF900" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[570,662,1735,1759]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
); Santa Rosa 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FCA46EFAFC3DF900" box="[820,949,1735,1759]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
May (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FB926EFAFBDEF900" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1026,1110,1735,1759]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">USNM</collectionCode>
) Tapalapan, Santiago Tuxtla 13, 1Ƥ Aug. (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FEA76ED1FE01F8DB" box="[311,393,1772,1796]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Teocelo 13, 1Ƥ Aug. (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FD0B6ED1FD66F8DB" box="[667,750,1772,1796]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Zapoapan de Cabañas 1Ƥ Feb. (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FBF56ED1FB38F8DB" box="[1125,1200,1772,1796]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qbc0-xx4g" name="Coleccion Nacional de Insectos, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">CNIN</collectionCode>
); “Veracruz”, 13 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FAE66ED1FF7EF8F8" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1962-09-26">26- IX-1962</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FE9D6F32FEEDF8F8" box="[269,357,1807,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MGCL</collectionCode>
). OAXACA: Metates, Santiago Comaltepec 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FC136F32FC76F8F7" box="[899,1022,1807,1832]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1923-05">23 May</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FB856F32FBE0F8F8" box="[1045,1128,1807,1831]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); La Esperanza, Santiago Comaltepec 1Ƥ Mar., Soyolapan El Bajo, Santiago Comaltepec 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FCF66F0EFC35F893" box="[870,957,1843,1868]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-01">13 Jan.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FC5C6F09FB9FF893" box="[972,1047,1844,1868]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qbc0-xx4g" name="Coleccion Nacional de Insectos, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">CNIN</collectionCode>
); CHIAPAS: Escuintla 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FA8D6F09FA13F893" box="[1309,1435,1844,1868]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
July (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FF446F6AFEA3F8B0" box="[212,299,1879,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MGCL</collectionCode>
); 4 Mi. N Cacahoatán on rd. to Unión Juárez nr. Faja de Oro, 1Ƥ 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FB976F6AFB04F8B0" box="[1031,1164,1879,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1962-09-26">26-IX-1962</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FB0A6F6AFB7AF8B0" box="[1178,1266,1879,1903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MGCL</collectionCode>
); Cacahoatán 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FA1E6F6AFE89F84B" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
June (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FEC16F41FE25F84B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[337,429,1916,1940]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
); Finca &quot;Guatimoc&quot; 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FD0D6F41FCA8F84B" box="[669,800,1916,1940]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
July (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FCFC6F41FC40F84B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[876,968,1916,1940]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">AMNH</collectionCode>
); San Antonio Buenavista (Santa Rosa), Independencia 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FED36F9DFE16F867" box="[323,414,1952,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1913-10">13 Oct.</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FE3E6F9DFD88F867" box="[430,512,1952,1976]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Santa Rosa 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB32C2517FD0C6F9DFC94F867" box="[668,796,1952,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
May (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FCF86F9DFC37F867" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[872,959,1952,1976]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">USNM</collectionCode>
); Unión Juárez 1Ƥ April (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FB796F9DFAB4F867" box="[1257,1340,1952,1976]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fg24-x4zf" name="Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MZFC</collectionCode>
); Puente Shjubal, 1Ƥ 
<date id="FFA71006B32C2517FEB46FF9FE17F803" box="[292,415,1988,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60" value="1980-08-26">26-VIII-80</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B32C2517FE3E6FF9FD8DF803" box="[430,517,1988,2012]" pageId="7" pageNumber="60">MGCL</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF66664EB3232518FF076DB6FAC0FA7E" box="[151,1352,1419,1442]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277702/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" targetBox="[156,1395,195,1380]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3232518FF076DB6FAC0FA7E" blockId="8.[151,1352,1419,1442]" box="[151,1352,1419,1442]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FF076DB6FEA8FA7F" bold="true" box="[151,288,1419,1442]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
Distribution map of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3232518FE646DB1FD04FA7E" box="[500,652,1420,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FE646DB1FD04FA7E" box="[500,652,1420,1441]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FD026DB1FD6BFA7E" bold="true" box="[658,739,1420,1441]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB3232518FD026DB1FD6BFA7E" box="[658,739,1420,1441]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
() and 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3232518FCD56DB1FBB1FA7E" box="[837,1081,1420,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FCD56DB1FB81FA7E" box="[837,1033,1420,1441]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Mesene margaretta</emphasis>
()
</taxonomicName>
in México. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FB246DB1FB4EFA7E" bold="true" box="[1204,1222,1420,1441]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">X</emphasis>
dry barriers.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3232518FF576DF0FE74F865" blockId="8.[151,1436,1485,1978]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FF576DF0FD4EFA39" bold="true" box="[199,710,1485,1510]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
Other material examined. 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B3232518FD966DF0FD4AFA39" box="[518,706,1485,1510]" name="Guatemala" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">GUATEMALA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
23 San Felipe 2000’ Volcan Santa María (
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B3232518FB576DF3FA96FA39" box="[1223,1310,1486,1510]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">MGCL</collectionCode>
); 1Ƥ Finca San Rafael, Olimpo Sud 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FE276DCFFD95F9D5" box="[439,541,1522,1546]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1965-07-03">3-VII-65</date>
; 13, 1Ƥ Alta Verapaz Tamalhu 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FC026DCFFC57F9D5" box="[914,991,1522,1546]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</quantity>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FC786DCFFBD8F9D5" box="[1000,1104,1522,1546]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1963-06-30">30-VI-63</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B3232518FBF16DCFFB31F9D5" box="[1121,1209,1522,1546]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">MGCL</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FB5D6DCFFA14F9D5" bold="true" box="[1229,1436,1521,1546]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B3232518FB5D6DCFFA1FF9D5" box="[1229,1431,1521,1546]" name="El Salvador" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">EL SALVADOR</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
23 La Libertad, 103 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FE266E2BFD96F9F1" box="[438,542,1558,1582]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1969-11-22">22-XI-69</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B3232518FDBD6E2BFD0CF9F1" box="[557,644,1558,1582]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">MGCL</collectionCode>
); 63, 2ƤƤ Santa Tecla 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FC376E2BFB89F9F1" box="[935,1025,1558,1582]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1969-06-07">7-VI-69</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B3232518FB806E2BFBEFF9F1" box="[1040,1127,1558,1582]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">MGCL</collectionCode>
); 1Ƥ San 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B3232518FB476E2BFAB3F9F1" box="[1239,1339,1558,1582]" name="El Salvador" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Salvador</collectingCountry>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FAD26E2BFA13F9F1" box="[1346,1435,1558,1582]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1971-11-02">2-XI-71</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B3232518FF0F6E07FF7FF98D" box="[159,247,1594,1618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">MGCL</collectionCode>
). 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FE806E04FE47F98D" bold="true" box="[272,463,1593,1618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B3232518FE806E04FE42F98D" box="[272,458,1593,1618]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">COSTA RICA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Turrialba, Cartago 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FD536E07FCBCF98D" box="[707,820,1594,1618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1965-07-16">16-VII-65</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED08AE03B3232518FCDB6E07FC2AF98D" box="[843,930,1594,1618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">MGCL</collectionCode>
); 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FC2E6E04FBC9F98D" bold="true" box="[958,1089,1593,1618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B3232518FC2E6E04FBB5F98D" box="[958,1085,1593,1618]" name="Panama" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">PANAMA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
13 Cerro Campana, (CJC); C 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FF396E60FEBBF9A9" bold="true" box="[169,307,1629,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">OLOMBIA</emphasis>
: 13 1Ƥ VIII Boyacá 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FDBD6E63FDE5F9A9" box="[557,621,1630,1654]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="400.0">400m</quantity>
S. Luis de Garmo 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FCD46E63FC2DF9A9" box="[836,933,1630,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2006-02-26">26-II-06</date>
; 13 Finca Guayabetal Cundinamarca, 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FACA6E63FF3DF945" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1992-02-14">14-II- 92</date>
(CJC); 33 Cunday, Tolima, 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FD956EBFFD0CF945" box="[517,644,1666,1690]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1993-08-22">22-VIII-93</date>
; 13, 1Ƥ, Villavicencio, Meta 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FC466EBFFB94F945" box="[982,1052,1666,1690]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1994-01-05">5-I-94</date>
(CJC); Santa Cecilia, Risalda 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FAE56EBFFF3BF961" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1991-07">vii- 91</date>
(CJC); 13 Río Negro Huila, (CJC); 23 Ciudad Jardín, Cali, Valle, (CJC). 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3232518FBA86E98FB78F961" bold="true" box="[1080,1264,1701,1726]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B3232518FBA86E98FB62F961" box="[1080,1258,1701,1726]" name="Venezuela" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
13 Palmachal 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FF076EF7FF5FF93D" box="[151,215,1738,1762]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="760.0">760m</quantity>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FF4D6EF7FEBDF93D" box="[221,309,1738,1762]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2005-04-09">9-IV-05</date>
(JS); 13 Río Carragua, Barinas 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FD0F6EF7FD67F93D" box="[671,751,1738,1762]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2002-02-09">9-II-02</date>
(JS); 13 Barinitas, Barinas, 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FBA06EF7FBE4F93D" box="[1072,1132,1738,1762]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1985-01-01">1I-85</date>
(JS); 1Ƥ Cuyagua, Aragua 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FF076ED3FF7CF8D9" box="[151,244,1774,1798]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1983-02-23">23-II-83</date>
(JS); 1 3 Rancho Grande Aragua 1100 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FD2B6ED3FCAFF8D9" box="[699,807,1774,1798]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1954-06-28">28-VI-54</date>
. (JS); 13 Pozo del Diablo, Maracay 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FB586ED3FA80F8D9" box="[1224,1288,1774,1798]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="500.0">500m</quantity>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FA806ED3FAE8F8D9" box="[1296,1376,1774,1798]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1986-02-06">6-II-86</date>
(JS); Las Trincheras, Carabobo 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FE536F2FFDA3F8F5" box="[451,555,1810,1834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1952-06-27">27-VI-52</date>
(JS); 3ƤƤ Rancho Grande Aragua 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FC536F2FFB98F8F5" box="[963,1040,1810,1834]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</quantity>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FB886F2FFBF9F8F5" box="[1048,1137,1810,1834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1958-08">VIII-58</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FBED6F2FFB4AF8F5" box="[1149,1218,1810,1834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1965-06">VI-65</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FB5F6F2FFA9AF8F5" box="[1231,1298,1810,1834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1952-09">IX-52</date>
(JS); 1Ƥ El Limón 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FF796F0BFEA1F891" box="[233,297,1846,1870]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="600.0">600m</quantity>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FEA06F0BFE02F891" box="[304,394,1846,1870]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1979-09-09">9-IX-79</date>
(JS); 1Ƥ El Piñal, El Limón 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FD446F0BFCA1F891" box="[724,809,1846,1870]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1976-08">VIII-76</date>
(JS); 43 Palmichal, Carabobo 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FB0F6F0BFB57F891" box="[1183,1247,1846,1870]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="760.0">760m</quantity>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FB776F0BFABDF891" box="[1255,1333,1846,1870]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2004-05-04">4-V-04</date>
(JS); 13 Parque Nacional Lara Yacambu, El Blanquito 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FD386F67FD7DF8AD" box="[680,757,1882,1906]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300m</quantity>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FD6E6F67FCF8F8AD" box="[766,880,1882,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1992-12-20">20-XII-92</date>
(JS); 33 Palmichal 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FBE06F67FB38F8AD" box="[1136,1200,1882,1906]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="800.0">800m</quantity>
Carababo 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FABD6F67FA1FF8AD" box="[1325,1431,1882,1906]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2003-09-20">20-IX-03</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FF076F43FF77F849" box="[151,255,1918,1942]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2006-06-27">27-VI-06</date>
(JS); 33 El Limón Aragua 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FDC26F43FD0BF849" box="[594,643,1918,1942]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1976-01">I-76</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FD1F6F43FD48F849" box="[655,704,1918,1942]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1959-01">I-59</date>
, 
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FD5D6F43FC9AF849" box="[717,786,1918,1942]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="1953-09">IX-53</date>
, (JS); 1Ƥ Palmichal Carabobo 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FBE36F43FB2DF849" box="[1139,1189,1918,1942]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="76.0">76m</quantity>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FB3D6F43FB78F849" box="[1197,1264,1918,1942]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2003-04">IV-03</date>
, (JS); 13 Choroni Aragua, 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3232518FEBB6F9FFEE3F865" box="[299,363,1954,1978]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="200.0">200m</quantity>
<date id="FFA71006B3232518FEE26F9FFE48F865" box="[370,448,1954,1978]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2004-05-01">1-V-04</date>
(JS).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3222519FF5768A5FF78FE2B" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FF5768A5FEA3FF6F" bold="true" box="[199,299,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Ecology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FEA468A4FE56FF6F" box="[308,478,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FEA468A4FE56FF6F" box="[308,478,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FE7768A5FDCBFF6F" bold="true" box="[487,579,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB3222519FE7768A5FDCBFF6F" box="[487,579,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is confined to evergreen and semi-evergreen humid forest of Guerrero and Oaxaca Pacific slope below 
<specimenCount id="9D1FFD4FB3222519FE416881FD97FF0B" box="[465,543,188,212]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3222519FE416881FD93FF0B" box="[465,539,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
It appears this species is associated only with this vegetation and high humidity. Conversely, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FEB468DCFE4EFF27" box="[292,454,225,248]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FEB468DCFE4EFF27" box="[292,454,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7656B3222519FE7C68E2FDC9FF28" box="[492,577,223,247]" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Mexico</collectingCountry>
inhabits dry seasonal forest and cloud forest from 
<quantity id="4CE19B23B3222519FB1368E2FAA3FF28" box="[1155,1323,223,247]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="13.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" unit="m" value="875.0" valueMax="1350.0" valueMin="400.0">400 to 1350 m</quantity>
. In accordance with Llorente (1984, 1996) and Llorente and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B37B3222519FD736939FC29FEC3" box="[739,929,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" refString="Llorente - Bousquets, J. &amp; Escalante, P. (1992) Insular biogeography of Submontane Humid Forests in Mexico. In: S. P. Darwin &amp; A. L. Welden, (Eds). Biogeography of Mesoamerica. Tulane studies in Zoology and Botany. E. O. Painter Printing Company, University of Louisiana, pp. 139 - 146." type="book chapter">Escalante (1992)</bibRefCitation>
the differentiation of species and subspecies levels in the Mexican Pacific depends on their range of habitat. When they are closely tied to a limited altitudinal range and habitat, their isolation is more complete and the possibilities of divergence to the species level are greater. Conversely, if their distribution is wide and unlimited by climatic and altitudinal barriers, their differentiation between populations is less, as in the case of 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FD7A69A8FC2BFE73" box="[746,931,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pereute" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="charops">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FD7A69A8FC2BFE73" box="[746,931,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Pereute charops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sspp., 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FC6969A9FB72FE73" box="[1017,1274,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Dismorphia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amphiona">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FC6969A9FB72FE73" box="[1017,1274,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Dismorphia amphiona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sspp., 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FAC069A9FF54FE0F" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Rhetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcius">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FAC069A9FF54FE0F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Rhetus arcius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sspp. and 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FEC46984FE75FE0F" box="[340,509,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FEC46984FE71FE0F" box="[340,505,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">M. margaretta</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
all of which have greater altitudinal and climatic distribution than 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FB626984FA13FE0F" box="[1266,1435,441,464]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FB626984FA13FE0F" box="[1266,1435,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB3222519FF0769E1FF78FE2B" box="[151,240,476,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FF0769E1FF78FE2B" bold="true" box="[151,240,476,500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3222519FF076A19FC20FDE3" blockId="9.[151,936,548,572]" box="[151,936,548,572]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">The following table summarizes the differences between the two taxa.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF66664EB3222519FF076A51FC0DFD5E" ID-Table-UUID="DF66664EB3222519FF076A51FC0DFD5E" box="[151,901,619,642]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF66664EB3222519FF076A51FC0DFD5E" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[151,1429,669,1536]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3222519FF076A51FC0DFD5E" blockId="9.[151,901,619,642]" box="[151,901,619,642]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FF076A51FE8CFD5E" bold="true" box="[151,260,620,641]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Summary of differences 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FD956A50FD1FFD5D" box="[517,663,621,642]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FD956A50FD1FFD5D" box="[517,663,621,642]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FD586A50FCA7FD5D" box="[712,815,621,642]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FD586A50FCA7FD5D" box="[712,815,621,642]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">M. jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB3222519FCA56A51FC0DFD5E" box="[821,901,620,641]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3222519FF0F6AA0FB01F9DF" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<table id="F919C466B322DAEFFF076AA0FA1DF9DF" box="[151,1429,669,1536]" gridcols="3" gridrows="17" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076AA0FA1DFD6C" box="[151,1429,669,691]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076AA0FDD6FD6C" box="[151,606,669,691]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Morphology</th>
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FDFE6AA3FBF7FD6C" box="[622,1151,670,691]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6AA0FB88FD6C" box="[622,1024,669,691]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FDFE6AA3FD77FD6C" box="[622,767,670,691]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FDFE6AA3FD77FD6C" box="[622,767,670,691]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">M. margaretta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886AA0FA1DFD6C" box="[1048,1429,669,691]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FB886AA3FBF7FD6C" box="[1048,1151,670,691]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FB886AA3FBF7FD6C" box="[1048,1151,670,691]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">M. jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</emphasis>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076AFBFA1DFD24" box="[151,1429,710,763]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076AFBFDD6FD24" box="[151,606,710,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Dorsal wing surface</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6AFBFB88FD24" box="[622,1024,710,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Darker red, elongated black apical lines present</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886AFBFA1DFD24" box="[1048,1429,710,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Light orange, no elongated black api- cal lines</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076B33FA1DFCFB" box="[151,1429,782,804]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076B33FDD6FCFB" box="[151,606,782,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Red flush discal HW of male</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6B33FB88FCFB" box="[622,1024,782,804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Present</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886B33FA1DFCFB" box="[1048,1429,782,804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076B05FA1DFC91" box="[151,1429,824,846]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076B05FDD6FC91" box="[151,606,824,846]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Black lines between veins ventral surface</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6B05FB88FC91" box="[622,1024,824,846]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Long</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886B05FA1DFC91" box="[1048,1429,824,846]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Short</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076B5CFA1DFCA8" box="[151,1429,865,887]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076B5CFDD6FCA8" box="[151,606,865,887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Black bar on anal margin of male ventral fw</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6B5CFB88FCA8" box="[622,1024,865,887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Present</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886B5CFA1DFCA8" box="[1048,1429,865,887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076BB7FA1DFC7F" box="[151,1429,906,928]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076BB7FDD6FC7F" box="[151,606,906,928]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Ventral abdominal black scaling</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6BB7FB88FC7F" box="[622,1024,906,928]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Always present</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886BB7FA1DFC7F" box="[1048,1429,906,928]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Sometimes absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076B8EFA1DFC16" box="[151,1429,947,969]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076B8EFDD6FC16" box="[151,606,947,969]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Male genitalia anteroventral lobes</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6B8EFB88FC16" box="[622,1024,947,969]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Shorter, rounded</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886B8EFA1DFC16" box="[1048,1429,947,969]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Elongated</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076BE0FA1DFC2C" box="[151,1429,989,1011]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076BE0FDD6FC2C" box="[151,606,989,1011]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Male genitalia vinculum</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6BE0FB88FC2C" box="[622,1024,989,1011]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Straighter, not bowed laterally</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886BE0FA1DFC2C" box="[1048,1429,989,1011]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Strongly S shaped, bowed laterally</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076C3BFA1DFBC3" box="[151,1429,1030,1052]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076C3BFDD6FBC3" box="[151,606,1030,1052]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Female genitalia signa</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6C3BFB88FBC3" box="[622,1024,1030,1052]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Larger, more uniform size</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886C3BFA1DFBC3" box="[1048,1429,1030,1052]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Small, one larger</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076C0DFA1DFBBB" box="[151,1429,1072,1124]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076C0DFDD6FBBB" box="[151,606,1072,1124]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Female genitalia ostium bursae (laterally)</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6C0DFB88FBBB" box="[622,1024,1072,1124]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Dorsal plate larger, pronounced cleav- age</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886C0DFA1DFBBB" box="[1048,1429,1072,1124]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Dorsal plate smaller</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076C45FA1DFB73" box="[151,1429,1144,1196]" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076C45FDD6FB73" box="[151,606,1144,1196]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Female genitalia ostium bursae (ventrally)</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6C45FB88FB73" box="[622,1024,1144,1196]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Horse shoe structure separated, lightly sclerotized</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886C45FA1DFB73" box="[1048,1429,1144,1196]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Horse shoe structure close to ventral plate, strongly sclerotized</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076CFDFA1DFB09" box="[151,1429,1216,1238]" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076CFDFDD6FB09" box="[151,606,1216,1238]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Space and time</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076CD4FA1DFAC1" box="[151,1429,1257,1310]" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076CD4FDD6FAC1" box="[151,606,1257,1310]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Male perching activity</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6CD4FB88FAC1" box="[622,1024,1257,1310]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Middle of day, peaking at noon, sunny conditions</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886CD4FA1DFAC1" box="[1048,1429,1257,1310]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Bimodal-early morning, late after- noon, inclement conditions</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076D0CFA1DFA98" box="[151,1429,1329,1351]" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076D0CFDD6FA98" box="[151,606,1329,1351]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Biogeography</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076D67FA1DFA50" box="[151,1429,1370,1423]" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076D67FDD6FA50" box="[151,606,1370,1423]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Mexican Pacific Coast Province area of endemism</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6D67FB88FA50" box="[622,1024,1370,1423]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Absent</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886D67FA1DFA50" box="[1048,1429,1370,1423]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Present</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076D9FFA1DFA67" box="[151,1429,1442,1464]" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076D9FFDD6FA67" box="[151,606,1442,1464]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Ecology</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35293484B322DAEFFF076DF6FA1DF9DF" box="[151,1429,1483,1536]" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<th id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFF076DF6FDD6F9DF" box="[151,606,1483,1536]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Habitat in Mexico</th>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFDFE6DF6FB88F9DF" box="[622,1024,1483,1536]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Dry seasonal forest 400 to 1350m</td>
<td id="76F85DF8B322DAEFFB886DF6FA1DF9DF" box="[1048,1429,1483,1536]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Evergreen/semi-evergreen humid for- est &lt;700m</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636C6B3222519FF576E78FA1EF95E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1605,1666]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
The extent to which the aforementioned criteria will apply to other groups must be tested in practice, with supportive evidence. However, in the case of 
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FDFA6E57FCC1F95E" box="[618,841,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FDFA6E57FCCDF95E" box="[618,837,1642,1665]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaretta">Mesene margaretta</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D45B3222519FCEE6E57FBAEF95E" box="[894,1062,1642,1665]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Mesene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jimena" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FCEE6E57FBAEF95E" box="[894,1062,1642,1665]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Mesene jimena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25E57AFB3222519FBBD6E57FB0EF95D" box="[1069,1158,1642,1666]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B96DEAD4B3222519FBBD6E57FB0EF95D" bold="true" box="[1069,1158,1642,1666]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, they appear applicable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>