230 lines
30 KiB
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230 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="2E5B935BF5BB2F841006FEBDE6EA6B6D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.17" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7da86efa-d94d-4886-aabf-0395371356d9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="245062" ID-ZooBank="991FD209-84FF-4074-A175-E74570B53163" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461263579664" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nogueira, João Miguel Matos, Hutchings, Pat & Carrerette, Orlemir" docDate="2015" docId="03D40E1EFFF91F26AEF20D18FEE76ED0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04019p483.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4019 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polycirrus Grube 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="449" masterDocId="FFED7666FFF21F2AAE650E26FFA06830" masterDocTitle="Polycirridae (Annelida, Terebelliformia) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="483" masterPageNumber="437" pageNumber="448" updateTime="1698609911878" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="28FFC79387B666BC0DEBA3918B7BE4E3">
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<mods:title id="50B182A2A2B0A2D11CB335BF395ABCDF">Polycirridae (Annelida, Terebelliformia) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4E72C9F6493E9402CAD00F295E763148" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="83CB49EE60ECB35D757116CCFB17DA7C">Nogueira, João Miguel Matos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DBB645F2D569ED7F1EEE93CC300E1483">Hutchings, Pat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="460D523CE92F70029AD843CCB9EC1BED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E517B80BADF3A2FDFBAF32C57DA7B3A9">Carrerette, Orlemir</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="EE7DCCF5CA57D524325BF41FE5C62C3D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="576F74DA4179B0C93E9E8B17DF692168">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BAA4A5442B9551EFDB1CA2600B6E7D65">
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<mods:date id="DF555C9BD243E51EF369F9F9324CF706">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AA04183FB2D3153E0E4ED4A952A52A46" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5102A2E4470B036B3B910C3F93950191">4019</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5E83E9E0B1E253D4B259E4105E93220F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.17</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D40E1EFFF91F26AEF20D18FEE76ED0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949011" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119637484" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4949011" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D40E1EFFF91F26AEF20D18FEE76ED0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D40E1EFFF91F26AEF20D18FEE76ED0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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<subSubSection id="C367EC83FFF91F21AEF20D18FD2C6B68" box="[151,652,830,856]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFF91F21AEF20D18FD2C6B68" blockId="11.[151,652,830,856]" box="[151,652,830,856]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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<heading id="D08A0864FFF91F21AEF20D18FD2C6B68" bold="true" box="[151,652,830,856]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AEF20D18FD2C6B68" bold="true" box="[151,652,830,856]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFF91F21AE8B0D18FDAF6B68" ID-CoL="84SJF" authority="Grube, 1850" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1850" box="[238,527,830,856]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AE8B0D18FECB6B68" bold="true" box="[238,363,830,856]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">Polycirrus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFF91F21AF160D18FDAF6B68" author="Grube" box="[371,527,830,856]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" refString="Grube, A. E. (1850) Die Familien der Anneliden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte Berlin, 1691, 249 - 364." type="journal article" year="1850">Grube, 1850</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, emended
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C367EC83FFF91F21AEF20DA6FCE96BE6" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFF91F21AEF20DA6FC586BA6" blockId="11.[151,1016,896,918]" box="[151,1016,896,918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6D9826FFF91F21AEF20DA6FC586BA6" box="[151,1016,896,918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AEF20DA6FEBE6BA6" box="[151,286,896,918]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFF91F21AEF20DA6FEA16BA6" ID-CoL="84SJF" box="[151,257,896,918]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Polycirrus</taxonomicName>
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.—
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC9919FFF91F21AF7B0DA6FDFC6BA6" author="Hutchings" box="[286,604,896,918]" page="330" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFF91F21AF7B0DA6FD8C6BA6" author="Hutchings" box="[286,556,896,918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" refString="Hutchings, P. A. & Glasby, C. J. (1986) The Polycirrinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia. Records of the Australian Museum, 38, 319 - 350. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.38.1986.185" type="journal article" year="1986">Hutchings & Glasby 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 330
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</treatmentCitation>
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–332;
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADC9919FFF91F21ACFE0DA6FC6A6BA6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5137511" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5137511" author="Glasby" box="[667,970,896,918]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD87A2FF9EFFCFFF66A2A2C39FA7BA" page="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" year="2014">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFF91F21ACFE0DA6FC076BA6" author="Glasby" box="[667,935,896,918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: 13
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</treatmentCitation>
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–14.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFF91F21AEF20D9BFCE96BE6" blockId="11.[151,841,957,982]" box="[151,841,957,982]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AEF20D9BFE946BE6" bold="true" box="[151,308,957,982]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">Type-species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFF91F21AF5E0D9BFD036BE6" ID-CoL="784C5" authority="Grube, 1850" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1850" box="[315,675,957,982]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="medusa">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AF5E0D9BFDAD6BE5" box="[315,525,957,981]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">Polycirrus medusa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFF91F21AC700D9BFD036BE6" author="Grube" box="[533,675,957,982]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" refString="Grube, A. E. (1850) Die Familien der Anneliden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte Berlin, 1691, 249 - 364." type="journal article" year="1850">Grube, 1850</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C367EC83FFF91F21AEF20A23FB176E96" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFF91F21AEF20A23FB176E96" blockId="11.[151,1437,1029,2026]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AEF20A23FEB16C2E" bold="true" box="[151,273,1029,1054]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Transverse prostomium attached to dorsal surface of upper lip, usually covering segment 1 laterally and extending ventrally, terminating lateral to mouth; basal part of prostomium usually as thick crest; crest almost straight, horseshoe-shaped, curved to semicircular, or inverted V-shaped, probably strongly dependent on preservation. Distal part of prostomium low, of uniform length, restricted to base of upper lip, sometimes as flaring lobe, or extending along the lip and terminating near anterior margin. Buccal tentacles of at least two
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<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFF91F21AB7F0AB0FAF86C9E" box="[1306,1368,1174,1198]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">types</typeStatus>
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, short ones uniformly cylindrical, long ones spatulated; modified stouter and longer tentacles with specialised tips may be present. Peristomium forming lips; upper lip large, frequently circular and convoluted, folded into three lobes; swollen lower lip, entire or divided into two parts, varying from button-like, restricted to oral area, to expanded as cushion-like structure, and sometimes occurring across entire ventrum. Segments throughout biannulated or with more annulations; segment 1 reduced, usually visible dorsally and ventrally, laterally covered by expanded prostomium. Segment 2 distinctly narrower than following segments, usually with rectangular or pentagonal midventral shield at beginning of mid-ventral groove, sometimes extending anteriorly through segment 1 until near posterior margin of lower lip. Body wall papillate throughout, papillae distinctly larger and more abundant on ventro-lateral pads of anterior segments, present usually from segment 2 to last with notopodia. Notopodia beginning from segment 3, extending for variable number of segments, terminating anteriorly in most taxa; bilobed, elongate notopodia, lobes about same size or post-chaetal lobe longer. Notochaetae winged, with wings of variable width, and/or pinnate. Neuropodia, beginning posteriorly to notopodia, frequently only after notopodia terminate; neurochaetae as avicular uncini of
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<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFF91F21ACFD084CFD736EB2" box="[664,723,1642,1666]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">types</typeStatus>
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1 or 2. Nephridial and genital papillae usually present, anterior to bases of all notopodia, or only anteriorly. Pygidium smooth or with rounded ventral papilla.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C367EC83FFF91F26AEA20897FEE76ED0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFF91F21AEA20897FE416F06" blockId="11.[151,1437,1029,2026]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AEA20897FE9B6EFA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1713,1738]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFF91F21AF210897FE1A6EF9" box="[324,442,1713,1737]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AF210897FE1A6EF9" box="[324,442,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">Polycirrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a well-known genus of Terebelliformia, but the taxonomy of its species has always been considered as difficult. Recently,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFF91F21AC3708F3FC306EDE" author="Glasby" box="[594,912,1749,1774]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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reviewed the group, designated a
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<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFF91F21AB7F08F0FAD36EDE" box="[1306,1395,1750,1774]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
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for the
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<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFF91F21AEA608DCFF536F22" box="[195,243,1786,1810]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">type</typeStatus>
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species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFF91F21AF3A08DCFDCE6F22" authority="Grube, 1850" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1850" box="[351,622,1785,1810]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="medusa">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AF3A08DCFE736F21" box="[351,467,1785,1809]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">P. medusa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFF91F21AFB808DFFDCE6F22" author="Grube" box="[477,622,1785,1810]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" refString="Grube, A. E. (1850) Die Familien der Anneliden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte Berlin, 1691, 249 - 364." type="journal article" year="1850">Grube, 1850</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and provided redescriptions for all species in this genus based on reexamination of
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<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFF91F21AF230938FED66F06" box="[326,374,1822,1846]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFF91F26AEA20967FED0692D" blockId="11.[151,1437,1029,2026]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,1760]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">
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The diagnosis above emends that by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFF91F21AC0D0967FC016F6A" author="Glasby" box="[616,929,1857,1882]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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because it does not consider the hirsute-type of notochaetae of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFF91F21AF000943FD056F4E" author="Glasby" box="[357,677,1893,1918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings (2014)</bibRefCitation>
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. Wings of notochaetae of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFF91F21ADAA0943FBE56F4D" box="[975,1093,1893,1917]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21ADAA0943FBE56F4D" box="[975,1093,1893,1917]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">Polycirrus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are of variable width, usually conspicuous under intermediate magnification of light microscopy, broadly-winged
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AA3109ACFB326F91" box="[1108,1170,1930,1953]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFF91F21AAFE09AFFA376F92" box="[1179,1431,1929,1954]" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" refString="Fitzhugh, K., Nogueira, J. M. M., Carrerette, O. & Hutchings, P. (2015) An assessment of the status of Polycirridae genera (Annelida: Terebelliformia) with the evolutionary transformation series of characters within the family. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 1 - 36. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 07006" type="journal article">
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Fitzhugh
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AB6209ACFA9B6F91" box="[1287,1339,1929,1953]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">et al</emphasis>
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. (2015)
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</bibRefCitation>
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, but some species have very narrowly-winged chaetae, acicular, with wings inconspicuous under higher magnifications of light microscopy, as also occurs in some species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFF91F21ADAF09F4FB946FD9" box="[970,1076,2002,2025]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Amaeana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21ADAF09F4FB946FD9" box="[970,1076,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">Amaeana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFF91F21AA1709F7FB1D6FD9" box="[1138,1213,2001,2025]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Lysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="448" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B909631AFFF91F21AA1709F7FB1D6FD9" box="[1138,1213,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="448">Lysilla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In the case of the species with broadly-winged notochaetae, sometimes the layers of chitin of the wings spread apart and these chaetae may assume a hirsute appearance under light microscopy. Under the SEM, however, the wings are always hirsute, independent of state of preservation, even in acicular chaetae, and the only variation observed is in the width of the wings.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFFE1F26AEA20F0EFE4069C5" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">
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On the other hand, in some cases
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFFE1F26AC390F01FC006970" author="Glasby" box="[604,928,295,320]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered as “hirsute” chaetae that in our opinion are pinnate. For instance, Glasby & Hutchings described the notochaetae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFFE1F26AA2D0F6BFB1D6954" box="[1096,1213,332,356]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="latidens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909631AFFFE1F26AA2D0F6BFB1D6954" box="[1096,1213,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">P. latidens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as hirsute, however in all cases we have seen chaetae with regularly arranged “hairs” under light microscopy, as represented in their Fig. 33c (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFFE1F26AF650FB2FDF3699D" author="Glasby" box="[256,595,404,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings 2014: 65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), they are pinnate under the SEM. For these reason, we consider the hirsute
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFFE1F26AEF20F9EFF6769E0" box="[151,199,440,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of notochaetae of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFFE1F26AFC10F91FD4669E0" author="Glasby" box="[420,742,439,464]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as misleading, as it may refer to poorly preserved broadlywinged or to pinnate chaetae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFFE1F26AEA20FD9FD426AFC" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFFE1F26AEA20FD9FDAC6A28" author="Glasby" box="[199,524,511,536]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested an intraspecific variation of 5 segments on the number of pairs of notopodia, and of 4 segments on the beginning of neuropodia, and that these two characters were independent of each other. We consider, however, these characters are linked, so that a variation in the number of pairs of notopodia implies in similar variation in the beginning of neuropodia. So, the relative distance between termination of notopodia and beginning of neuropodia is more important than segment numbers where these occur, considering some little variation in segment numbers may occur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFFE1F26AEA20CF1FAC26C20" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">
|
||
Several other characters of polycirrids are also directly related to the number of pairs of notopodia. Frequently, the paired ventro-lateral pads are present until the segment on which notopodia terminate, although they may be less conspicuous posteriorly. Furthermore, the body is usually swollen anteriorly and tapers abruptly on last segments with notopodia. Similarly, in most species, nephridial and genital papillae are present anterior to bases of all notopodia. An intraspecific variation on the number of pairs of notopodia also implies variation in the number of pairs of ventro-lateral pads and nephridial and genital papillae present. For that reason, in most taxa the termination of notopodia determines the transition between a thorax and an abdomen. Such demarcation is not clear in specimens of several taxa of Terebelliformia, and because of that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFFE1F26ADCA0DF2FB096BDC" author="Nogueira" box="[943,1193,980,1005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" refString="Nogueira, J. M. M., Hutchings, P. A. & Fukuda, M. V. (2010) Morphology of terebelliform polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta: Terebelliformia), with a focus on Terebellidae. Zootaxa, 2460, 1 - 185." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Nogueira
|
||
<emphasis id="B909631AFFFE1F26AA450DF3FBFB6BDC" box="[1056,1115,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2013) suggested the names “thorax” and “abdomen” should be used with caution, but it is usually conspicuous among polycirrids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFFE1F26AEA20A3BFC126D3D" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">
|
||
In regards to beginning of neuropodia, we suggest that four groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFFE1F26AD8D0A3AFBFE6C04" box="[1000,1118,1052,1076]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909631AFFFE1F26AD8D0A3AFBFE6C04" box="[1000,1118,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">Polycirrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be recognized, those in which: (1) neuropodia begin on anterior segments, up to segment 10; (2) neuropodia begin near to the termination of notopodia, on the last segment with notopodia, or close to that (with an obvious overlap between groups 1 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C8512EDFFFE1F26ABEB0A42FF0D6C90" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
the cases of species with few pairs of notopodia); (3) neuropodia begin immediately to shortly after the termination of notopodia; (4) neuropodia begin more posteriorly, with a gap of several achaetous segments between termination of notopodia and beginning of neuropodia (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFFE1F26AD540AE9FBB86CD8" author="Fitzhugh" box="[817,1048,1231,1256]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" refString="Fitzhugh, K., Nogueira, J. M. M., Carrerette, O. & Hutchings, P. (2015) An assessment of the status of Polycirridae genera (Annelida: Terebelliformia) with the evolutionary transformation series of characters within the family. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 1 - 36. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 07006" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Fitzhugh
|
||
<emphasis id="B909631AFFFE1F26ADF90AF7FC746CD8" box="[924,980,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Within each group, a variation of some segments is acceptable, but usually no more than three segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFFE1F26AEA20B3FFB156DF1" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">However, except for few cases of aberrant specimens, we have never observed any intraspecific variation which would cause an overlap between groups 2 and 3. A variation in the number of pairs of notopodia present is accompanied by a similar change in the beginning of neuropodia, so that a variation between “neuropodia beginning on the last segment with notopodia, or close to that” and “neuropodia beginning immediately or shortly after notopodia terminate” does not occur, even if that means a difference of a single segment.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC2BF08FFFE1F26AEA20BEBFEE76ED0" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,1760]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">
|
||
We also interpret the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFFE1F26AFD80BEBFE586DD5" box="[445,504,1485,1509]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of uncini slightly differently from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFFE1F26ADEC0BEAFB6A6DD4" author="Glasby" box="[905,1226,1484,1509]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFFE1F26AAB30BEAFF416E38" author="Glasby" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Glasby, T. M. (2006) Two types of uncini in Polycirrus (Polychaeta: Terebellidae: Polycirrinae) revealed using geometric morphometrics. Journal of Natural History, 40 (5 - 6), 237 - 253. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930600627137" type="journal article" year="2006">Glasby & Glasby (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
divided the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFFE1F26AF080BD7FE086E39" box="[365,424,1521,1545]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of uncini of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFFE1F26AC5D0BD6FD0E6E38" box="[568,686,1520,1544]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909631AFFFE1F26AC5D0BD6FD0E6E38" box="[568,686,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">Polycirrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into two
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFFE1F26AD7C0BD7FCF76E39" box="[793,855,1521,1545]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">types</typeStatus>
|
||
, based on morphometrics. However, the differences between
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFFE1F26AE9B0833FE996E1D" box="[254,313,1557,1581]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">types</typeStatus>
|
||
1 and 2 of uncini should be based on not only morphometrics but also on other characters. For example,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFFE1F26AF62081FFE976E61" box="[263,311,1593,1617]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1 uncini are usually minute, with short, triangular heel directed posteriorly, relatively high base, horizontally aligned with the heel, and a short neck; while
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFFE1F26AD47087BFCF26E45" box="[802,850,1629,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 uncini are usually larger, with longer heel directed downwardly, low base, at an angle with the heel, and elongate neck. For this reason, some uncini which would be considered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECC2F9FFFE1F26AF5E0882FDD36E8C" author="Glasby" box="[315,627,1700,1725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" refString="Glasby, C. J. & Hutchings, P. (2014) Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae). Zootaxa, 3877 (1), 1 - 117. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3877.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Glasby & Hutchings (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFFE1F26ACFC0883FD696E8D" box="[665,713,1701,1725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">type</typeStatus>
|
||
2 are treated herein as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C601AAFFFE1F26ADAA0883FC5F6E8D" box="[975,1023,1701,1725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">type</typeStatus>
|
||
1, such as in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7DC48BFFFE1F26AB7D0883FA206E8C" box="[1304,1408,1700,1724]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="culcita" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B909631AFFFE1F26AB7D0883FA206E8C" box="[1304,1408,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="449">P. culcita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23ADE61FFFE1F26ABE20883FF176ED0" pageId="12" pageNumber="449" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |