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<document id="A9DA3BCA32D52AF5340F191370190C7E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4040.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="589c20cd-ac9b-4155-8b98-8c0742b5d849" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="245740" ID-ZooBank="392A2F34-0B0C-4298-BBF5-76A82CED0C59" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461335112013" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ruiz, Gustavo R. S. &amp; Maddison, Wayne P." docDate="2015" docId="03C087CBFF925452FF05FDECFAB3FAC2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04040p279.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4040 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Thiodininae Simon 1901" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="274" masterDocId="FFF9FFB3FF855445FF92FF95FF8BFFEC" masterDocTitle="The new Andean jumping spider genus Urupuyu and its placement within a revised classification of the Amycoida (Araneae: Salticidae)" masterLastPageNumber="279" masterPageNumber="251" pageNumber="274" updateTime="1698619168940" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F1D7FDBE68F6681D2AADC7E36B4EC2BB">The new Andean jumping spider genus Urupuyu and its placement within a revised classification of the Amycoida (Araneae: Salticidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8110A4411503C3CA7A43828A791A4F5C">Ruiz, Gustavo R. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E691F9268ACFB5796B1E63EA59CAA657">Maddison, Wayne P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="903F66C06FD5F9FF5D3912C8D1C8612F">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C087CBFF925452FF05FDECFAB3FAC2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6121704" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119644458" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6121704" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087CBFF925452FF05FDECFAB3FAC2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C087CBFF925452FF05FDECFAB3FAC2" lastPageNumber="274" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">
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<paragraph id="8BD636DDFF925452FF05FDECFDC8FD7E" blockId="23.[151,579,633,658]" box="[151,579,633,658]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">
<heading id="D09E81B1FF925452FF05FDECFDC8FD7E" bold="true" box="[151,579,633,658]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FF05FDECFDC8FD7E" bold="true" box="[151,579,633,658]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">
Subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FE8BFDECFDC8FD7E" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" box="[281,579,633,658]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thiodininae">
Thiodininae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B2CFF925452FE22FDECFDC8FD7E" author="Simon" box="[432,579,633,658]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" refString="Simon, E. (1901) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Vol. 2. Roret, Paris, 288 pp. [pp. 381 - 668]" type="book chapter" year="1901">Simon, 1901</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636DDFF925452FF05FD54FCCDFD3B" blockId="23.[151,1238,705,788]" box="[151,838,705,727]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">
Thiodineae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B2CFF925452FE9DFD54FE1FFD3B" author="Simon" box="[271,404,705,727]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" refString="Simon, E. (1901) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Vol. 2. Roret, Paris, 288 pp. [pp. 381 - 668]" type="book chapter" year="1901">Simon, 1901</bibRefCitation>
: 454 (
<typeStatus id="54D2887FFF925452FE43FD54FD8EFD3B" box="[465,517,705,727]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FDC6FD54FCB0FD3B" authority="Simon, 1900" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1900" box="[596,827,705,727]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Thiodina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FDC6FD54FD3BFD3B" box="[596,688,705,727]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Thiodina</emphasis>
Simon, 1900
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636DDFF925452FF05FD74FB5DFCF8" blockId="23.[151,1238,705,788]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">
Hyetusseae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B2CFF925452FE82FD75FE1DFD1A" author="Simon" box="[272,406,736,758]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" refString="Simon, E. (1903) Histoire naturelle des araignees. Vol. 2. Roret, Paris, 412 pp. [pp. 669 - 1080]" type="book chapter" year="1903">Simon, 1903</bibRefCitation>
: 859 (
<typeStatus id="54D2887FFF925452FE40FD75FD8DFD1A" box="[466,518,736,758]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FDC7FD74FCB6FD1A" authority="Simon, 1902" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1902" box="[597,829,736,758]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Hyetussa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FDC7FD74FD39FD1A" box="[597,690,737,758]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Hyetussa</emphasis>
Simon, 1902
</taxonomicName>
), NEW SYNONYMY. Arachnomureae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B2CFF925452FEADFD6BFD8FFCF8" author="Mello-Leitao" box="[319,516,766,788]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. de (1917) Aranhas novas ou pouco conhecidas de Thomisidas e Salticidas brasileiras. Archivos da Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medicina Veterinaria, Rio de Janeiro, 1, 117 - 153" type="journal article" year="1917">Mello-Leitão, 1917</bibRefCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="54D2887FFF925452FD83FD6BFDCEFCF8" box="[529,581,766,788]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FD01FD6BFC65FCF8" authority="Mello-Leitao, 1917" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityYear="1917" box="[659,1006,766,788]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Arachnomura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FD01FD6BFCABFCF8" box="[659,800,766,788]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Arachnomura</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B2CFF925452FCB4FD6BFC65FCF8" author="Mello-Leitao" box="[806,1006,766,788]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" refString="Mello-Leitao, C. F. de (1917) Aranhas novas ou pouco conhecidas de Thomisidas e Salticidas brasileiras. Archivos da Escola Superior de Agricultura e Medicina Veterinaria, Rio de Janeiro, 1, 117 - 153" type="journal article" year="1917">Mello-Leitão, 1917</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), NEW SYNONYMY.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636DDFF925452FF05FCD4FDB0FBDE" blockId="23.[151,1437,833,1326]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FF05FCD4FEA2FCB6" bold="true" box="[151,297,833,858]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Monophyly:</emphasis>
Members of this group, formerly known as the Hyetusseae, are united by the male chelicerae being excavated on the inner edge, similar to the euophryines
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FC9EFCF3FC7BFC92" authority="Edwards" authorityName="Edwards" box="[780,1008,869,894]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mexigonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FC9EFCF3FC0CFC91" box="[780,903,870,893]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Mexigonus</emphasis>
Edwards
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FBB5FCF0FF5CFC4E" authority="Peckham &amp; Peckham. Some" authorityName="Peckham &amp; Peckham. Some" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pensacola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FBB5FCF0FB17FC92" box="[1063,1180,869,894]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Pensacola</emphasis>
Peckham &amp; Peckham. Some
</taxonomicName>
species (e.g., cf.
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FE09FC1CFDBCFC4E" box="[411,567,905,930]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Arachnomura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FE09FC1CFDBCFC4E" box="[411,567,905,930]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Arachnomura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. “HTCHV” and cf.
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FCA9FC1CFC5CFC4E" box="[827,983,905,930]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Arachnomura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FCA9FC1CFC5CFC4E" box="[827,983,905,930]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Arachnomura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. “HTLIN”) in life wave black-tipped front legs like ant-mimicking salticids, though their bodies do not appear particularly ant-like, whereas others (e.g.
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FF05FC44FEBCFC06" box="[151,311,977,1002]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Atomosphyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FF05FC44FEBCFC06" box="[151,311,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Atomosphyrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are more convincing mimics. The placement of
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FCF3FC44FB8AFC06" box="[865,1025,977,1002]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Atomosphyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FCF3FC44FB8AFC06" box="[865,1025,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Atomosphyrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within the thiodinines, suggested by the excavated male chelicerae (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B2CFF925452FDBAFC60FD5FFBE2" author="Galiano" box="[552,724,1013,1038]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" refString="Galiano, M. E. (1966 b) Salticidae (Araneae) formiciformes VI. El genero Atomosphyrus Simon, 1902. Physis, Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales (C), 26, 279 - 284." type="journal article" year="1966" yearSuffix="b">Galiano 1966b</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 13) indicates a third origin of ant mimicry, independently from the sarindines and simonellines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD636DDFF925452FF55FBA8FAB3FAC2" blockId="23.[151,1437,833,1326]" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FF55FBA8FEA8FBBA" box="[199,291,1085,1110]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Agelista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FF55FBA8FEA8FBBA" box="[199,291,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Agelista</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FECEFBABFE41FBB9" box="[348,458,1086,1109]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Titanattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FECEFBABFE41FBB9" box="[348,458,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Titanattus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are closely related to each other, sharing similar palps and body forms, including the posterior eye row on elevations of the carapace. They also have modified tips of front legs and slight ant-mimic behavior, similar to what is observed in other thiodinines. On the strength of 28S, the combined molecular data puts
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FF05FB3FFE8CFB2D" box="[151,263,1194,1217]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Titanattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FF05FB3FFE8CFB2D" box="[151,263,1194,1217]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Titanattus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(and implicitly the very similar
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FD00FB3CFD65FB2E" box="[658,750,1193,1218]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Agelista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91DEACFFF925452FD00FB3CFD65FB2E" box="[658,750,1193,1218]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Agelista</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) not with thiodinines (
<figureCitation id="13522A58FF925452FB91FB3CFBD7FB2E" box="[1027,1116,1193,1218]" captionStart="FIGURES 37 – 38" captionStartId="16.[151,258,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,206,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,191,1868]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 37 – 38. Maximum likelikhood phylogenies from Chimera and Non-chimera matrices, combined 5 gene analyses. Numbers show likelihood bootstrap % for Amycoids only; in parenthesis are bootstrap percentages for analysis without Nilakantha and Gypogyna (shown for deep amycoid branches only). Rectangles at nodes indicate bootstrap support in parsimony analysis (filled rectangle at least 75 %; open 50 % to 74 %). Sites partitioned as per PartitionFinder analysis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245750/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
), but embedded within the sarindines. However, the individual 16SND1 (
<figureCitation id="13522A58FF925452FD32FB58FD79FB0A" box="[672,754,1229,1254]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 43" captionStartId="18.[151,258,1806,1828]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,314,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,299,1785]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 43. Maximum likelihood phylogenies from analyses on individual genes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245751/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
) and actin 5C (
<figureCitation id="13522A58FF925452FC32FB58FC79FB0A" box="[928,1010,1229,1254]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 43" captionStartId="18.[151,258,1806,1828]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,314,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,299,1785]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 43. Maximum likelihood phylogenies from analyses on individual genes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245751/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
) analyses disagree. Based on this and the presence of excavated chelicerae and other similarities, we place them tentatively in the
<taxonomicName id="4C694D5EFF925452FB36FB64FAA0FAE6" box="[1188,1323,1265,1290]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Thiodininae">Thiodininae</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13522A58FF925452FAA9FB64FA1BFAE6" box="[1339,1424,1265,1290]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="11.[151,244,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[156,1436,383,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,371,1919]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 36. Summary of molecular phylogeny results. Numbers show likelihood bootstrap percentages, in format &lt;chimera analysis&gt; / &lt;non-chimera analysis&gt; (&lt;analysis without Nilakantha and Gypogyna&gt;)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/245749/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="274">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
). Future work may clarify whether this makes the group paraphyletic or polyphyletic, and how to correct it.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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