313 lines
32 KiB
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313 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.430.8094" ID-PMC="PMC4141162" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-430-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFE6FF8CFFD43B66335AD2203774DB49" ID-PubMed="25152663" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578441" ID-ZooBank="86F760563B8B49FB9C86FAD0DB0CBE8C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-430-1" checkinTime="1451245551152" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Erwin, Terry L. & Zamorano, Laura S." docDate="2014" docId="F96B7B77C707564528D14AB5CFABC4A2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 430: 1-108" docOrigin="ZooKeys 430" docPubDate="2014-08-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.430.8094" docTitle="Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin 2014, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="26ADBF2A-0A81-4009-A1F2-54FB25AC978F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="FFE6FF8CFFD43B66335AD2203774DB49" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="FFE6FF8CFFD43B66335AD2203774DB49" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the tribe Lachnophorini, with a new genus of Neotropical distribution and a revision of the Neotropical genus Asklepia Liebke, 1938 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1668159067277" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A synopsis of the tribe Lachnophorini, with a new genus of Neotropical distribution and a revision of the Neotropical genus Asklepia Liebke, 1938 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Carabidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Erwin, Terry L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Hyper-diversity Group, Department of Entomology, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, P. O. Box 37012, DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">erwint@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zamorano, Laura S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Research Student, MRC- 187, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, P. O. Box 37012, DC 20013 - 7012, USA & Laboratorio de Zoologia Acuatica LAZOEA, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad de los Andes, Colombia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2014-08-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>430</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>108</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.430.8094</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.430.8094</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-430-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">86F760563B8B49FB9C86FAD0DB0CBE8C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFE6FF8CFFD43B66335AD2203774DB49</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578441</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152054757" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:26ADBF2A-0A81-4009-A1F2-54FB25AC978F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F96B7B77C707564528D14AB5CFABC4A2" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/26ADBF2A-0A81-4009-A1F2-54FB25AC978F" authority="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Asklepia grammechrysea" order="Coleoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grammechrysea" status="sp. n.">Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="34" pageNumber="35">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Golden-line pattern-wing beetle
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33–36" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 33 - 36. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 33 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 133151, Pithecia, Peru 34 Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP 132543, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Brazil 35 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia 36 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109194, Santarem, Rio Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Figs 33</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57–62" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 57 - 62. Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects. 57 Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871) ADP 109186, Rio Samiria, Boca Cano Ingles Camp, Peru 58 Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil 59 Asklepia demiti Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil 60 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 052565, Rio Sucusari, Peru 61 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend: a apical area; bl basal lobe; bo basal orifice; lp left paramere; ml median lobe; om ostial membrane; oo ostial opening; rp right paramere; sh shaft; pb phallobase; ps phallobase shaft; ms medial spine; ds distal spine 62 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">, 60</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 76–77" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 76 - 77. 76 Distribution map for known localities of Asklepia geminata (Bates) 77 Distribution map for known localities of Asklepia species of the hilaris group." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30651" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">, 77</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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, LORETO, circa Pithecia, Cocha Shinguito,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.1757" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-5.1757">5.1757°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="74.655" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-74.655">74.655°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 111m, 16 August 1989 (T.L. Erwin, G.P. Servat)(MUSM: ADP133151).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="derivation of specific epithet">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Derivation of specific epithet.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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The specific epithet,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">grammechrysea</emphasis>
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derived from the Greek
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<normalizedToken originalValue="γραμμή">γραμμή</normalizedToken>
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(grammae) = line,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="κριχισηα">κριxισηα</normalizedToken>
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(chrysea) = golden), is a noun in apposition referring to the yellow (flavous) line on the pronotum.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="proposed english vernacular name">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Proposed english vernacular name.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Golden-line pattern-wing beetle.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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With the attributes of the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="start">Asklepia</pageBreakToken>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Liebke, M" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="37 - 141" refId="B54" refString="Liebke, M, 1938. Denkschrift ueber die Carabiden-Tribus Colliurini. Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstage von Profesor Dr. Embrik Strand 4: 37 - 141" title="Denkschrift ueber die Carabiden-Tribus Colliurini. Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstage von Profesor Dr." volume="4" year="1938">Liebke (1938)</bibRefCitation>
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and as noted above under the generic diagnosis. Individuals of this species present a wide range of sizes from small to large for the genus (SBL = 2.265-3.736 mm). Adults with head fuscous, pronotum bicolored, its lateral areas fuscous, medial area aurantiacus; elytral maculae aurantiacus, elytron fuscous with an elongated horizontally oriented flavous macula crossing basal lateral and proximal quadrant, sutural area fuscous, and with a semicircular flavous macula in the apical proximal quadrant, sutural area fulvous, lateral margin of medial and apical quadrants fulvous; metasternum, abdominal sterna III-VI, basal half of sternum VII and epipleuron brunneus, apical half of abdominal sternum VII paler; legs fulvous; antennal scape and pedicel testaceous, antennomeres 3-7 deeply infuscated, 8-11 white. Dorsal surface devoid of microsculpture, surface luster very shiny. Pronotum cordiform, narrowly explanate, with medial lobe at base, apical margin slightly concave lateral margin beaded; hind angle markedly prominent; median line markedly defined. Elytral interneurs evident as continuous rows of fine closely spaced punctures; punctures fuscous; basal and apical punctures each with infuscated halo.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33–36" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 33 - 36. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 33 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 133151, Pithecia, Peru 34 Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP 132543, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Brazil 35 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia 36 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109194, Santarem, Rio Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Figs 33</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57–62" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 57 - 62. Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects. 57 Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871) ADP 109186, Rio Samiria, Boca Cano Ingles Camp, Peru 58 Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil 59 Asklepia demiti Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil 60 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 052565, Rio Sucusari, Peru 61 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend: a apical area; bl basal lobe; bo basal orifice; lp left paramere; ml median lobe; om ostial membrane; oo ostial opening; rp right paramere; sh shaft; pb phallobase; ps phallobase shaft; ms medial spine; ds distal spine 62 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">60</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">Habitus</pageBreakToken>
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</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33–36" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 33 - 36. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 33 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 133151, Pithecia, Peru 34 Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP 132543, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Brazil 35 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia 36 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109194, Santarem, Rio Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Size</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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[See also
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="T5" captionText="Table 5. Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/8E947F89F6F5556462CA62C53D70AC22" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" tableUuid="8E947F89F6F5556462CA62C53D70AC22">Table 5</tableCitation>
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] Small to large-sized for the genus; ABL = 2.336-3.78 mm, SBL = 2.265-3.736 mm, TW (total width) 1.382-2.216 mm, LP = 0.481-1.016 mm, WP = 0.659-1.065 mm, LE = 1.440-2.381 mm.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Color</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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See diagnosis above.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Luster</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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See diagnosis above.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Head</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33–36" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 33 - 36. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 33 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 133151, Pithecia, Peru 34 Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP 132543, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Brazil 35 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia 36 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109194, Santarem, Rio Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
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): as in description for genus above.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Prothorax</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Pronotum (
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33–36" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 33 - 36. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 33 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 133151, Pithecia, Peru 34 Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP 132543, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Brazil 35 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia 36 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109194, Santarem, Rio Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
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) moderately broad, as wide as head across eyes (WH/WP, mean both sexes: 1.002), larger than head (LP/LH, mean both sexes: 1.512), about as wider than long (WP/LP, mean both sexes: 1.381); markedly cordiform and explanate, lateral margin beaded and fuscous with seta at anterior third; base markedly constricted and lobed medially; anterior angles moderately produced, hind angle markedly produced and setose; median line markedly defined, basal and apical transverse impressions punctate, punctures fuscous; surface smooth throughout.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Pterothorax</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Normal for genus, see description for genus above. Elytra slightly convex; at apical third twice as width as head across eyes (WH/TW, mean both sexes: 0.481) and pronotum (WP/TW, mean both sexes: 0.493), longer than wide. Elytral interneurs evident as continuous rows of fine closely spaced punctures; punctures each with a fuscous halo in the basal and apical proximal quadrant of elytron. Hind wings fully developed.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Legs</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Overall, normal for genus, see description for genus above.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Abdominal sterna</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Overall, normal for genus, see description for genus above.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Male genitalia</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57–62" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 57 - 62. Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects. 57 Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871) ADP 109186, Rio Samiria, Boca Cano Ingles Camp, Peru 58 Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil 59 Asklepia demiti Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil 60 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 052565, Rio Sucusari, Peru 61 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend: a apical area; bl basal lobe; bo basal orifice; lp left paramere; ml median lobe; om ostial membrane; oo ostial opening; rp right paramere; sh shaft; pb phallobase; ps phallobase shaft; ms medial spine; ds distal spine 62 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
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, see
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57–62" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 57 - 62. Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects. 57 Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871) ADP 109186, Rio Samiria, Boca Cano Ingles Camp, Peru 58 Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil 59 Asklepia demiti Erwin & Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil 60 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 052565, Rio Sucusari, Peru 61 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend: a apical area; bl basal lobe; bo basal orifice; lp left paramere; ml median lobe; om ostial membrane; oo ostial opening; rp right paramere; sh shaft; pb phallobase; ps phallobase shaft; ms medial spine; ds distal spine 62 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
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for attribute labels). Median lobe with phallobase short about a fourth the length of shaft, basal opening small, oriented parallel to shaft. Shaft broad, slightly curved ventrally, dorsally sclerotized except for short ostium; in ventral aspect tapered toward rather narrowly rounded apex, in lateral aspect, a rounded apex. Parameres: left very large and broad, right small and triangular; apex of left paramere lobate much longer than right paramere about half the length of shaft (measured in left lateral aspect). Endophallus with 7 preapical spines.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Female genitalia</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Not investigated, presumably similar to that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demiti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Asklepia demiti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="dispersal potential">
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Dispersal potential.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">These beetles are macropterous and probably capable of flight. They are moderately swift and agile runners.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 76–77" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 76 - 77. 76 Distribution map for known localities of Asklepia geminata (Bates) 77 Distribution map for known localities of Asklepia species of the hilaris group." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30651" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species has been found at locations on black-water systems across the northern and western areas of the Amazon River drainage system. But that does not at all indicate its real distribution: as has been pointed out above, very small beetles are inadequately sampled, especially in the Neotropics.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="way of life">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Way of life.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
See
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Erwin, TL" journalOrPublisher="Revista Peruana de Entomologia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 85" refId="B22" refString="Erwin, TL, 1991. Natural history of the carabid beetles at the BIOLAT Rio Manu Biological Station, Pakitza, Peru. Revista Peruana de Entomologia 33: 1 - 85" title="Natural history of the carabid beetles at the BIOLAT Rio Manu Biological Station, Pakitza, Peru." volume="33" year="1991">Erwin (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a general
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Adults of this species are active in lowland
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Igapó">Igapo</normalizedToken>
|
||
rainforest during the rainy season. They have been found in wet leaf litter at the edge of small streams and lake shores as well as in old levee forests of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Attalea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Arecales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Attalea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
palms near a black water river; they also occur on mud with grasses and among crumbly clods of yellowish clay at salt licks, as well as near rotting tree trunks at the
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="water’s">water's</normalizedToken>
|
||
edge in low lying inundation forest at the edge of a black water lake and on sandy shorelines with matted rhizomes and dry leaf litter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="other specimens examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, Loreto, circa Pithecia, Cocha Shinguito,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.1757" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-5.1757">5.1757°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.655" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-74.655">74.655°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 111m, 16 August 1989 (T.L. Erwin, G.P. Servat)(NMNH: ADP132980, ADP132709, ADP132741, ADP133197, ADP132717, ADP133161, ADP133163, ADP- 132739, ADP133187, ADP133053, ADP133185, ADP132697, ADP133123, ADP133101, ADP133099, ADP133111, ADP132978, ADP133143, ADP133153, ADP132465, ADP132537, ADP132591, ADP132471, ADP132533, ADP132579, ADP
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="37" pageNumber="38" start="start">132517</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, ADP132522, ADP132559, ADP132497, ADP132526, ADP132511, ADP132573, ADP132459, female paratypes, ADP013271, ADP132753, ADP133183, ADP- 133173, ADP132721, ADP133107, ADP133095, ADP133060, ADP132703, ADP109204, ADP133129, ADP132715, ADP133139, ADP133117, ADP133175, ADP133179, ADP132683, ADP132725, ADP133079, ADP132735, ADP133072, ADP132747, ADP133105, ADP132730, ADP133125, ADP132488, ADP132462, ADP132479, ADP132516, ADP132461, ADP132498, ADP132504, ADP132514, ADP132486, ADP132502, ADP132577, ADP132472, ADP132473, ADP132567, ADP132599, male paratypes; Cocha Shinguito, south side,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.19543" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-5.19543">5.19543°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.640" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-74.64">74.640°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 121m, 17 May 1990 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP093477, ADP094131, ADP071242, ADP066673, ADP093475, ADP093474, ADP093453 ADP093457, ADP093431, ADP071517, female paratypes, ADP071518, ADP071516, ADP094133, ADP093458, ADP093430, ADP093456, ADP093436, male paratypes); 25 August 1991 (T.L. Erwin, M.G. Pogue)(NMNH: ADP071240, ADP071201, female paratypes, ADP071249, ADP071247, ADP- 071239, ADP071240, ADP071241, ADP071225, ADP071226, ADP071243, ADP071244, ADP071217, ADP071224, ADP071198, ADP071218, ADP071202, ADP071588, male paratypes); Cocha Shinguito,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.1757" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-5.1757">5.1757°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.655" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-74.655">74.655°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 111m, 14 June 1990 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP094139, female paratypes, ADP094109, ADP094109, ADP094117, ADP094111, ADP094135, ADP094136, ADP094140, male paratypes); 25 August 1991 (G.E. Ball, D. Shpeley)(NMNH: ADP132551, female paratype, ADP132593, ADP132563, male paratypes); Cocha Shinguito,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.1746" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-5.1746">5.1746°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.6581" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.6581">74.6581°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 119m, 26 August 1991 (T.L. Erwin, M.G. Pogue)(NMNH: ADP071520, ADP071521, female paratypes, ADP071519, male paratype); Cocha Shinguito, margin of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Samiria,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.1867" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-5.1867">5.1867°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="74.6187" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-74.6187">74.6187°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 124m, 17 May 1990 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP066600, ADP066669, female paratypes, ADP066581, ADP066597, ADP066625, ADP066647, male paratypes);
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Samiria, Camp Terry,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.4883" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-5.4883">5.4883°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75.1927" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-75.1927">75.1927°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 132m, 14 May 1990 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP094434, ADP094362, ADP094318, ADP094374, ADP094323, ADP094322, ADP132528, ADP132464, ADP094321, female paratypes ADP094348, ADP094342, ADP094345, ADP094349, ADP094344, ADP094324, ADP132510, ADP094341, ADP094346, ADP132541, ADP132549, ADP094365, ADP132523, male paratypes); Hamburgo, Boca
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Inglés">Ingles</normalizedToken>
|
||
Camp,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="5.1317" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-5.1317">5.1317°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="75.0617" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-75.0617">75.0617°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 117m, 20 August 1991 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP071046, female paratypes, ADP071633, male paratype); Explornapo Camp,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Napo,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Sucusari,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="3.2494" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-3.2494">3.2494°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="72.9205" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-72.9205">72.9205°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 101m, 4 June 1992 (T.L. Erwin, E. Pfuno S., F. Pfuno S.)(NMNH: ADP023587, ADP023593, female paratypes, ADP023587, ADP091311, male paratypes); 14 June 1992 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP052649, ADP052564, ADP052650, female paratypes, ADP052548, ADP052548, male paratypes); 19 June 1992 (T.L. Erwin)(NMNH: ADP009175, ADP009123, ADP052565, female paratypes, ADP009173, ADP052563, ADP009176, ADP009174, male paratypes); circa Explornapo Camp,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Napo, Cocha Shimagai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="3.3563" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-3.3563">3.3563°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="73.0467" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-73.0467">73.0467°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 88m, 13 June 1992 (T.L. Erwin, E. Pfuno S., F. Pfuno S.)(NMNH: ADP008129, ADP008114, ADP008128, ADP094109, female paratypes, ADP008122, ADP008124, ADP008127, ADP008118, ADP008115, ADP008116, ADP008119, male paratypes).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" start="Figure 33–36" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figure 33-36.</emphasis>
|
||
Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">33</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grammechrysea">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Asklepia grammechrysea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP133151, Pithecia,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Perú">Peru</normalizedToken>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">34</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hilaris">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Asklepia hilaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP132543,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
|
||
Paulo de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Olivença">Olivenca</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Brazil
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">35</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamorano & Erwin" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laetitia">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Asklepia laetitia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Zamorano & Erwin, sp. n. ADP109190, Leticia, Colombia
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">36</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin & Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lebioides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Asklepia lebioides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP109194,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Santarém">Santarem</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |