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<document id="CF7EE2A40A6A6C15EA2788E0048CE3FB" ID-CLB-Dataset="7488" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4949.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a0d8967c-4cec-46d9-a47a-cadebc137be3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636125" ID-ZooBank="319ED5BF-45CD-4DD0-9A58-DE1B5F42E93E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616664406057" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Giangrande, Adriana, Putignano, Matteo, Licciano, Margherita &amp; Gambi, Maria Cristina" docDate="2021" docId="039787C88720236BFF2B46DAFDD8FCE0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4949.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4949 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amphiglena pithecusensis Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B7EB601B-2D06-41A4-B3DC-278B618DCE19" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="212" masterDocId="FFAEFFB087292360FFBC464DFFE0FFBD" masterDocTitle="The Pandora’s box: Morphological diversity within the genus Amphiglena Claparède, 1864 (Sabellidae, Annelida) in the Mediterranean Sea, with description of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="239" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="210" updateTime="1698934951631" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="8908D48D6E57FD4FFBC6D6C3748E012E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="D53152AB9CDCE4093626D19A395F52F5">
<mods:title id="3263C5412D765BA3947DC647A69E0F17">The Pandora’s box: Morphological diversity within the genus Amphiglena Claparède, 1864 (Sabellidae, Annelida) in the Mediterranean Sea, with description of nine new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="6873CBF7F66F31FA89A20CEECDFA43E0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="78B3BF866721D96F2B927D0C33EBB007">
<mods:roleTerm id="8417D3280F2DC504FC8AED3292C09A9E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B362F216A6A73999D47D1CC2E7B83552">Giangrande, Adriana</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E4B1FB8B94B44F9A58BB104D03146757" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4531-2377</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="40E90E16831538C082F89B78397B7BC0">Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce- Monteroni, 73100 Lecce (Italy) &amp; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn of Napoli, Dept Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Center, 80070 Ischia (Napoli, Italy) &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4531 - 2377</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E2D7293B0689FD9FF4218D87A2041234" type="personal">
<mods:role id="69058AA4C51CCF2432AAB7F681BBDD28">
<mods:roleTerm id="A297D261CCBDB8537F38D0B822922D20">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="86AE2806FDB8F4CD9DD4040558F60497">Putignano, Matteo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4D26509585E870FECD14E3DB6887748D">Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce- Monteroni, 73100 Lecce (Italy)</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CEB6E3856ABE00F727E3458FCDA94DEF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="49B89367097AAB59D9CE880DAEE5C839">
<mods:roleTerm id="4825CCE2462DFDC5E103AFB35E629A18">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AA95C50EDB5CC0C7946FBEE360DF24F8">Licciano, Margherita</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CB426E77DD618931C79DB4ACE4EFC0A7" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8762-3179</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4361B2350DE595473149A5317275E889">Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce- Monteroni, 73100 Lecce (Italy) &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8762 - 3179</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1C56B8F80D0D1C49ACCD71AADF940812" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1D9305EECF2BB73109CAC02B4594E866">
<mods:roleTerm id="7721A3DAFF19D1AC60CBF585C5654D68">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4028AACF1E9922B44EB91DF168D8249A">Gambi, Maria Cristina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1FFDF35E474204450C4CE35B52A6C486">Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn of Napoli, Dept Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Center, 80070 Ischia (Napoli, Italy)</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="0F5144F2A5DF38BB61DD09A0E971FE9B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A9A90DA9C39A9F09C6A0092F694B027D">
<mods:date id="D7D768C82A934E7C5554FF8D4A2AE89D">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0CCC585C02FE4099908232E2B2090E8F">2021-03-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A499FDE4E6FC6022764F0954E9FEA9CA">4949</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1F4137572E576DC9EBDFFB8403E92529">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="087D0222C3CA6D624A133B9EE9BDD088" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4949.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039787C88720236BFF2B46DAFDD8FCE0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4664733" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180876823" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4664733" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B7EB601B-2D06-41A4-B3DC-278B618DCE19" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787C88720236BFF2B46DAFDD8FCE0" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<subSubSection id="C324655587202369FF2B46DAFDD9FF0C" box="[151,569,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE87202369FF2B46DAFDD9FF0C" blockId="9.[151,569,151,214]" box="[151,569,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<heading id="D0C981B287202369FF2B46DAFDD9FF0C" bold="true" box="[151,569,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FF2B46DAFDD9FF0C" bold="true" box="[151,569,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D87202369FF2B46DAFE34FF0F" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,468,151,178]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pithecusensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FF2B46DAFE34FF0F" bold="true" box="[151,468,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Amphiglena pithecusensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B787202369FE6046DAFDD9FF0C" box="[476,569,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C324655587202369FF2B46F6FEEBFF6B" box="[151,267,187,214]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE87202369FF2B46F6FEEBFF6B" blockId="9.[151,569,151,214]" box="[151,267,187,214]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
(
<figureCitation id="13052A5B87202369FF2346F6FF08FF68" box="[159,232,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[154,1424,497,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[151,1436,489,1712]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. entire worm, photo from the holotype; B. staining pattern; C. tip of the radiole; D. photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A; E. scheme of the anterior end ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636143/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13052A5B87202369FF4846F1FEE3FF6B" box="[244,259,188,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,680,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-276@10.[151,1436,669,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636147/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">7</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C324655587202369FF2B474EFB7CFE6F" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE87202369FF2B474EFA8AFEFF" blockId="9.[151,1437,259,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FF2B474EFE60FEA0" bold="true" box="[151,384,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B563C8387202369FE3B474EFA8AFEFF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068456337" collectingDate="2012-06" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Italy" elevation="3" latitude="40.75677" location="Lacco Ameno" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.885072" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5485887C87202369FE3B474EFE0FFEA0" box="[391,495,259,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCode id="DB989EA587202369FE42474EFD7AFEA3" box="[510,666,259,286]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
/18901):
<collectingCountry id="F329764E87202369FD43474EFCD7FEA0" box="[767,823,259,285]" name="Italy" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Italy</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EE1600587202369FCFD4749FC3DFEA0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787C88720236BFF2B46DAFDD8FCE0:8EE1600587202369FCFD4749FC3DFEA0" box="[833,989,259,286]" country="Italy" latitude="40.75677" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.885072" name="Lacco Ameno" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Lacco Ameno</location>
(Ischia),
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A501987202369FBFB474EFB14FEA3" box="[1095,1268,259,286]" degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" precision="1" seconds="24.38" value="40.75677">40°45’24.38”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A501987202369FB46474EFA77FEA3" box="[1274,1431,259,286]" degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" precision="1" seconds="6.26" value="13.885072">13°53’6.26”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF80101E87202369FF2B4765FEEDFEFC" box="[151,269,295,322]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" value="2012-06">
<collectingDate id="EFC4E9F687202369FF2B4765FEEDFEFC" box="[151,269,295,322]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" value="2012-06">June 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 2–
<elevation id="0013D1ED87202369FE89476AFE46FEFC" box="[309,422,295,322]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" unit="m" value="3.0">
<quantity id="4CC69B3B87202369FE89476AFEBFFEFF" box="[309,351,295,322]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, on hard bottoms covered by macroalgae, mainly the brown alga
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D87202369FB3E476AFA83FEFC" authorityName="Sauvageau" authorityYear="1904" box="[1154,1379,295,321]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="scoparia">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FB3E476AFA83FEFC" box="[1154,1379,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Halopteris scoparia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136DE87202369FF7B4701FB7CFE6F" blockId="9.[151,1437,259,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<materialsCitation id="3B563C8387202369FF7B4701FDC5FE34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068456336" collectionCode="MNCN" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01" specimenCount="18" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="5485887C87202369FF7B4701FED8FEDB" box="[199,312,332,358]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB989EA587202369FEF94706FE02FED8" box="[325,482,331,357]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
/18902:
<specimenCount id="9D38FD5787202369FDFD4706FD2DFED8" box="[577,717,331,358]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
from the same locality and date as the
<typeStatus id="5485887C87202369FB254706FAE1FED8" box="[1177,1281,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D38FD5787202369FAB94706FA7DFED8" box="[1285,1437,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
from the same site of the
<typeStatus id="5485887C87202369FE034722FDC5FE34" box="[447,549,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B563C8387202369FD8E4722FD20FE10" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068456332" collectingDate="2014-08-26" collectionCode="PCZL" collectorName="S. Anna" latitude="40.726273" location="Ischia-Cartaromana Bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.959994" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" specimenCount="5" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="ED2FAE1B87202369FD8E4722FD95FE34" box="[562,629,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">PCZL</collectionCode>
S.A. 3.1.;
<specimenCount id="9D38FD5787202369FD4F4722FC9FFE34" box="[755,895,367,394]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
from
<collectorName id="26CB530887202369FC7B4722FBC2FE34" box="[967,1058,367,393]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">S. Anna</collectorName>
rocks (
<location id="8EE1600587202369FBCB4722FA70FE37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787C88720236BFF2B46DAFDD8FCE0:8EE1600587202369FBCB4722FA70FE37" box="[1143,1424,367,394]" latitude="40.726273" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="13.959994" name="Ischia-Cartaromana Bay" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Ischia-Cartaromana Bay</location>
),
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A501987202369FF2B47DEFEA4FE13" box="[151,324,403,430]" degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" precision="1" seconds="34.58" value="40.726273">40°43’34.58”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A501987202369FEF147DEFE18FE13" box="[333,504,403,430]" degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" precision="1" seconds="35.98" value="13.959994">13°57’35.98”E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF80101E87202369FDBA47DEFD20FE10" box="[518,704,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" value="2014-08-26">
<collectingDate id="EFC4E9F687202369FDBA47DEFD20FE10" box="[518,704,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" value="2014-08-26">26 August 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B563C8387202369FD7047DEFB61FE6F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068456321" collectionCode="PCZL" collectorName="S. Anna &amp; Most" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="ED2FAE1B87202369FD7047DEFCEFFE10" box="[716,783,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">PCZL</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26CB530887202369FCA547DEFCABFE10" box="[793,843,403,429]" name="S. Anna" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">S.A.</collectorName>
3.2.
<collectorName id="26CB530887202369FC3B47D9FC21FE13" box="[903,961,404,430]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Most</collectorName>
material fixed in formalin 4% (including
<typeStatus id="5485887C87202369FF2B47FAFF19FE6C" box="[151,249,439,465]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="5485887C87202369FE8C47F5FE7DFE6F" box="[304,413,440,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
) and preserved in 70% ethanol, some material fixed in ethanol 95
</materialsCitation>
%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF41665687202369FF2B4085FA7AF8B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636143" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636143/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" startId="9.[151,250,1736,1760]" targetBox="[154,1424,497,1706]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE87202369FF2B4085FA7AF8B9" blockId="9.[151,1436,1736,1796]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FF2B4085FEF3F95D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1736,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D87202369FEA54085FDC1F95D" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[281,545,1736,1760]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pithecusensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FEA54085FDC1F95D" box="[281,545,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Amphiglena pithecusensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B787202369FD9B4085FD97F95D" box="[551,631,1736,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FD9B4085FDDFF95D" bold="true" box="[551,575,1736,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">sp</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FDF74085FD97F95D" bold="true" box="[587,631,1736,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FDC04085FD6EF95D" bold="true" box="[636,654,1736,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">A</emphasis>
. entire worm, photo from the holotype;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FB994085FBDCF95D" bold="true" box="[1061,1084,1736,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">B.</emphasis>
staining pattern;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FB504085FAE5F95D" bold="true" box="[1260,1285,1736,1760]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">C.</emphasis>
tip of the radiole;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FF7840A1FF3CF8B9" bold="true" box="[196,220,1772,1796]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">D.</emphasis>
photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FC5A40A1FC1DF8B9" bold="true" box="[998,1021,1772,1796]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">E.</emphasis>
scheme of the anterior end ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32465558720236BFF7B417FFEC1FEFD" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE8720236AFF7B417FFBB6FD38" blockId="9.[151,1437,1842,2013]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="211" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC87202369FF7B417FFEB9F8F1" bold="true" box="[199,345,1842,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Description.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="5485887C87202369FEDC417FFE28F8F1" box="[352,456,1842,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
complete, with eight thoracic and 24 abdominal chaetigers. Body length
<quantity id="4CC69B3B87202369FB47417FFAB1F8F0" box="[1275,1361,1842,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
(branchial crown
<quantity id="4CC69B3B87202369FE9C411BFE99F8CC" box="[288,377,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
); width
<quantity id="4CC69B3B87202369FE6E411BFDC7F8CC" box="[466,551,1878,1905]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="210" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
(
<tableCitation id="C6BC036587202369FD89411BFD67F8CD" box="[565,647,1878,1904]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="29.[151,239,689,715]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative view of the main characters of the described Amphiglena species." pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Body light brown coloured on ventral side and with a flattened abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B87202369FF6A4137FECEF828" box="[214,302,1914,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[154,1424,497,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[151,1436,489,1712]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. entire worm, photo from the holotype; B. staining pattern; C. tip of the radiole; D. photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A; E. scheme of the anterior end ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636143/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="210">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
). Crown with five pairs of radioles with 12 pairs of pinnules arranged in two longitudinal rows slightly alternating along the radiolar length. Gap between pinnules pairs decreasing along the radiole, with the first basal pair appearing slightly more separated from the others. Pinnules all of similar length, measuring about 1/4 of the total radiolar length, except first basal pair and the two distal pairs slightly shorter. Tip of radioles elongated, reaching almost 1/3 of the total radiolar length, thinning toward its blunt end (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B8723236AFC2B46F6FC0FFF6B" box="[919,1007,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[154,1424,497,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[151,1436,489,1712]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. entire worm, photo from the holotype; B. staining pattern; C. tip of the radiole; D. photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A; E. scheme of the anterior end ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636143/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
). Anterior peristomial ring not visible. Posterior peristomial ring higher ventrally with a well separated ventral incision and margins with an inflated appearance (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B8723236AFEB5474EFE60FEA0" box="[265,384,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[154,1424,497,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[151,1436,489,1712]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. entire worm, photo from the holotype; B. staining pattern; C. tip of the radiole; D. photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A; E. scheme of the anterior end ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636143/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 6D, E</figureCitation>
), connected to ventral basal flanges extending as prominent ridges from the peristomial ring to the base of ventral-most radiole. Peristomial eyes brown. Dorsal lips measuring 1/5 of the radiolar length. Pygidial eyes present as small clusters of red spots on lateral margins of pygidium. Thorax longer than wide. First thoracic chaetiger bearing only 2 chaetae similar in shape to superior chaetae of the following chaetigers. From the second to the eighth thoracic chaetiger, 7 uncini in each torus, with a short handle approximately 1/4 of the total uncinus length (0.31), with approximately four rows of teeth above main fang, and with rounded and flattened breast (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B8723236AFAD347FAFF5DFE48" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,680,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-276@10.[151,1436,669,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636147/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
). Companion chaetae present, with straight shaft and short mucro (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B8723236AFC1A4796FC1EFE48" box="[934,1022,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,680,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-276@10.[151,1436,669,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636147/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
). Two superior broadly hooded chaetae (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B8723236AFF7447B2FEC2FDA4" box="[200,290,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,680,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-276@10.[151,1436,669,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636147/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
); 3 inferior paleate chaetae with short mucro as long as the paleate region (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B8723236AFBCE47B2FB2AFDA4" box="[1138,1226,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,680,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-276@10.[151,1436,669,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636147/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
). Three abdominal uncini, with similar-sized small teeth above the main fang, with short-handle and appearing higher than long (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B8723236AFAD3446EFF5BFDDC" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,680,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-276@10.[151,1436,669,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636147/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
). Two abdominal broadly hooded chaetae, similar, but longer, to the thoracic paleate chaetae both in anterior and median abdominal segments (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B8723236AFE594426FDBBFD38" box="[485,603,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,680,1903]" captionTargetId="figure-276@10.[151,1436,669,1914]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636147/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 7F, G</figureCitation>
). Spermathechae visible brown/red coloured.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4166568723236AFF2B41DCFE59F84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636147" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636147" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636147/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" startId="10.[151,250,1937,1961]" targetBox="[154,1433,680,1903]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE8723236AFF2B41DCFE59F84F" blockId="10.[151,1436,1937,2034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFF2B41DCFEF4F817" bold="true" box="[151,276,1937,1962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D8723236AFEA741DFFDC3F817" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[283,547,1938,1962]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pithecusensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFEA741DFFDC3F817" box="[283,547,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Amphiglena pithecusensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B78723236AFD9641DFFD9BF817" box="[554,635,1938,1962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFD9641DFFDA2F817" bold="true" box="[554,578,1938,1962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">sp</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFDEC41DFFD9BF817" bold="true" box="[592,635,1938,1962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFD3E41DCFD74F814" bold="true" box="[642,660,1937,1961]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">A</emphasis>
. thoracic uncinus;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFCEB41DFFC8EF817" bold="true" box="[855,878,1938,1962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">B.</emphasis>
companion chaeta;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFB8741DCFBB4F814" bold="true" box="[1083,1108,1937,1961]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">C.</emphasis>
abdominal uncinus;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFA9641DFFAA2F817" bold="true" box="[1322,1346,1938,1962]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">D.</emphasis>
superior thoracic chaeta;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFE8241FBFEB5F873" bold="true" box="[318,341,1974,1998]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">E.</emphasis>
inferior thoracic chaeta;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFDE941FBFD88F873" bold="true" box="[597,616,1974,1998]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">F.</emphasis>
abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8723236AFB2E41F8FB4BF873" bold="true" box="[1170,1195,1973,1998]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">G.</emphasis>
abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8136DE8722236BFF7B46DBFCFDFF68" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFF7B46DBFE72FF0D" bold="true" box="[199,402,150,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Staining pattern.</emphasis>
In both thorax and abdomen stain only the ventral shields, with a very narrow pattern especially in the abdomen remaining poorly stained (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B8722236BFD0B46F7FCF0FF68" box="[695,784,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1736,1760]" captionTargetBox="[154,1424,497,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[151,1436,489,1712]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Amphiglena pithecusensis sp. nov. A. entire worm, photo from the holotype; B. staining pattern; C. tip of the radiole; D. photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A; E. scheme of the anterior end ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636143/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136DE8722236BFF7B4693FEC1FEFD" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFF7B4693FEDFFF45" bold="true" box="[199,319,222,248]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Variation.</emphasis>
Individuals with 8 thoracic chaetigers and up to 24 abdominal segments. Mean body length of
<quantity id="4CC69B3B8722236BFAC54693FF23FEA0" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
and mean crown length of
<quantity id="4CC69B3B8722236BFE4F474FFDA9FEA0" box="[499,585,258,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
(
<tableCitation id="C6BC03658722236BFDEA474FFD4AFEA1" box="[598,682,258,284]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="29.[151,239,689,715]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative view of the main characters of the described Amphiglena species." pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Crown asymmetrical in some specimens composed of 11 radioles (5 pairs +1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32465558722236BFF7B4707FD76FDDC" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE8722236BFF7B4707FD76FDDC" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFF7B4707FED4FED9" bold="true" box="[199,308,330,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Remarks</emphasis>
. Specimens similar in external morphology to
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D8722236BFCF94706FC06FED9" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[837,998,331,357]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aenariensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFCF94706FC06FED9" box="[837,998,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">A. aenariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFC524707FBA8FED9" bold="true" box="[1006,1096,330,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B78722236BFC524707FBA8FED9" box="[1006,1096,330,356]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
previously described, but distinguished from that species by having slightly longer handles of the thoracic uncini, although not as long as in
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFAD44722FA99FE34" box="[1384,1401,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">A</emphasis>
. cf
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D8722236BFF2B47DFFECEFE11" baseAuthorityName="Leydig" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[151,302,402,428]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFF2B47DFFECEFE11" box="[151,302,402,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">mediterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover, hooks are proportionately smaller. Other differences are in a different ratio between body and crown (
<tableCitation id="C6BC03658722236BFEA747FBFE8FFE6D" box="[283,367,438,464]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="29.[151,239,689,715]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative view of the main characters of the described Amphiglena species." pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Table 1</tableCitation>
), in the narrow paleate chaetae in the thorax and abdominal chaetae of the mid body chaetigers which in
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D8722236BFEBF4796FE44FE49" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[259,420,475,501]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aenariensis">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFEBF4796FE44FE49" box="[259,420,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">A. aenariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appear more geniculate and longer. Differences also in the ventral shape of the posterior peristomial ring with slight inflated margin, and in the shorter dorsal lips, and the ventral shield stain in this taxon appears less intense and narrower especially in the abdomen. Finally, the space between the pinnules in the radioles appears wider than in
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D8722236BFE32440AFDCFFDDD" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[398,559,583,609]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aenariensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFE32440AFDCFFDDD" box="[398,559,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">A. aenariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFD8A440BFD6FFDDD" bold="true" box="[566,655,582,608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B78722236BFD8A440BFD6FFDDD" box="[566,655,582,608]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32465558722236BFF7B4427FD06FD70" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE8722236BFF7B4427FD06FD70" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFF7B4427FEA8FD39" bold="true" box="[199,328,618,644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named from
<typeStatus id="5485887C8722236BFE564426FDFAFD38" box="[490,538,619,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">type</typeStatus>
locality. Lacco Ameno represents the first site of settlement of the ancient Greek populations (Eubei) at Ischia in the 8
<superScript id="7C4B9B968722236BFDF844C3FDB1FD21" attach="left" box="[580,593,654,668]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">th</superScript>
century BC, who called the island Pithekoussai, or Pithecusae in ancient Latin, due to the production of the local clay pottery.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32465558722236BFF7B449BFDD8FCE0" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE8722236BFF7B449BFDD8FCE0" blockId="11.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFF7B449BFE15FD4D" bold="true" box="[199,501,726,752]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Distribution and Ecology</emphasis>
. This species belongs to a group of similar taxa that are abundant around the coast off the Ischia Island. This species is present all around Ischia on hard bottoms with different algal cover, as well as on
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D8722236BFF664553FE59FC85" box="[218,441,798,824]" class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Posidonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oceanica">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFF664553FE59FC85" box="[218,441,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Posidonia oceanica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seagrass beds under “normal pH condition”, except at the San Pietro site, where a form similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D8722236BFEB5450EFE5FFCE1" baseAuthorityName="Leydig" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[265,447,834,861]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="mediterranea">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC8722236BFEB5450EFE5FFCE1" box="[265,447,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">A. mediterranea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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