treatments-xml/data/03/97/87/039787AFF624FFA714D6610FFDA86040.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.150197" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f60df9ec-d8b1-49b5-a038-75bab6cf9034" ID-ISSN="0035-418X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5822899" checkinTime="1641408855265" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kottelat, Maurice" docDate="2012" docId="039787AFF624FFA714D6610FFDA86040" docLanguage="en" docName="RevSuisseZool.119.3.341-349.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 119 (3)" docSource="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/150197" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0846B485C0C87F6EB7648DEEBF34B77F.2:RevSuisseZool.2011-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="0846B485C0C87F6EB7648DEEBF34B77F" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2011-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Draconectes narinosus Kottelat &amp; Ch- 2012, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="347" masterDocId="FFAEFFD7F625FFA014416570FFAE617B" masterDocTitle="Draconectes narinosus, a new genus and species of cave fish from an island of Halong Bay, Vietnam (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="349" masterPageNumber="341" pageNumber="342" updateTime="1674063819194" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Draconectes narinosus, a new genus and species of cave fish from an island of Halong Bay, Vietnam (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kottelat, Maurice</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Route de la Baroche 12, Case postale 57, CH- 2952 Cornol, Switzerland (permanent address); and Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mkottelat@dplanet.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revue suisse de Zoologie</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2012-09-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>119</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>341</mods:start>
<mods:end>349</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/150197</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5962/bhl.part.150197</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">f60df9ec-d8b1-49b5-a038-75bab6cf9034</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0035-418X</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5822899</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7548576" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7548576" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787AFF624FFA714D6610FFDA86040" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787AFF624FFA714D6610FFDA86040" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
<heading box="[151,1073,1151,1175]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" reason="2">
<subSubSection box="[151,541,1151,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1073,1151,1175]" box="[151,541,1151,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="37KNM" authority="Kottelat &amp; Ch-, 2012" authorityName="Kottelat &amp; Ch-" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,405,1151,1175]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Draconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="narinosus" status="new species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,405,1151,1175]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Draconectes narinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[412,541,1151,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[985,1073,1151,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1073,1151,1175]" box="[985,1073,1151,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
<figureCitation box="[985,1073,1151,1175]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStart-2="FIG" captionStartId-0="2.[569,582,1137,1158]" captionStartId-1="4.[569,582,911,932]" captionStartId-2="6.[569,582,615,636]" captionTargetBox-0="[137,1057,228,1110]" captionTargetBox-1="[139,1053,227,876]" captionTargetBox-2="[136,1057,227,581]" captionTargetId-0="figure-1037@2.[137,1057,228,1110]" captionTargetId-1="figure-1200@4.[139,1053,227,876]" captionTargetId-2="figure-1988@6.[135,1058,225,581]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIG. 1 Draconectesnarinosus, MHNG 2730.080, 24.7 mm SL; Vietnam: Ha Long Bay: Dao Van Gio island, Dong Duc Tien cave; right side, reversed. Photographs by Tan Heok Hui." captionText-1="FIG. 2 Draconectesnarinosus, OBBFUL, uncat., 20.8 mm SL; dorsal view of head. an, anterior nostril; ip, pores of infraorbital row; pn, posterior nostril; sp, pore of supraorbital row. Photograph by Boris Sket." captionText-2="FIG. 3 Draconectesnarinosus, MHNG 2730.080, 24.7 mm SL; Vietnam: Ha Long Bay: Dao Van Gio island, Dong Duc Tien cave; immediately after capture. Photograph by Boris Sket." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822901" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822903" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822905" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5822901/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5822903/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5822905/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Figs 1-3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</heading>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="342" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1074,1186,1289]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2003-06-17" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="B. Sket" country="Vietnam" latitude="20.839" location="island Dao Van Gio" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="107.2795" municipality="Ha Long Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" specimenCode="MHNG 2730.080" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Quang Ninh Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[227,329,1187,1208]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode box="[343,514,1186,1208]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">MHNG 2730.080</specimenCode>
,
<quantity box="[528,615,1186,1208]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" unit="mm" value="24.7">24.7 mm</quantity>
SL;
<collectingCountry box="[665,746,1186,1208]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion box="[760,972,1186,1208]" country="Vietnam" name="Quang Ninh" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Quang Ninh Province</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Ha Long Bay</collectingMunicipality>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787AFF624FFA714D6610FFDA86040:8EE16062F624FFA1148C61CBFE3F65AA" box="[205,401,1211,1233]" country="Vietnam" latitude="20.839" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="107.2795" municipality="Ha Long Bay" name="island Dao Van Gio" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" stateProvince="Quang Ninh Province">island Dáo Van Giò</location>
: phreatic lake in cave Dông Duc Tiên,
<geoCoordinate box="[799,908,1211,1233]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="50. 34" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" precision="9" value="20.839">20°50.34'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate box="[917,1036,1211,1233]" degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="16. 77" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" precision="9" value="107.2795">107°16.77'E</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectorName pageId="1" pageNumber="342">B. Sket</collectorName>
,
<date box="[206,336,1237,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" value="2003-06-17">
<collectingDate box="[206,336,1237,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" value="2003-06-17">17 June 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1074,1186,1289]" box="[227,861,1267,1289]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
<materialsCitation box="[227,861,1267,1289]" collectingDate="2003-06-17" collectionCode="OBBFUL" collectorName="B. Sket" country="Vietnam" latitude="20.839" location="island Dao Van Gio" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="107.2795" municipality="Ha Long Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Quang Ninh Province" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus box="[227,324,1268,1289]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode box="[337,432,1267,1289]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">OBBFUL</collectionCode>
uncat.,
<quantity box="[508,594,1267,1289]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" unit="mm" value="20.8">20.8 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode box="[601,629,1267,1289]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">SL</collectionCode>
; same data as holotype.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="342" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1073,1305,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
DIAGNOSIS:
<emphasis box="[360,607,1306,1329]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Draconectesnarinosus</emphasis>
is the only known species of the genus; see diagnosis of genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="345" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[151,1074,1380,1661]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1059,1252,1660]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="343" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">
DESCRIPTION: See
<figureCitation box="[436,529,1380,1404]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[569,582,1137,1158]" captionTargetBox="[137,1057,228,1110]" captionTargetId="figure-1037@2.[137,1057,228,1110]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1 Draconectesnarinosus, MHNG 2730.080, 24.7 mm SL; Vietnam: Ha Long Bay: Dao Van Gio island, Dong Duc Tien cave; right side, reversed. Photographs by Tan Heok Hui." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5822901/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">Figure 1</figureCitation>
for general appearance and
<tableCitation box="[848,930,1380,1404]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="3.[221,236,228,249]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric data of holoype and paratype of Draconectesnarinosus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF416631F626FFA3149C6594FC426182" pageId="1" pageNumber="342" tableUuid="DF416631F626FFA3149C6594FC426182">Table 1</tableCitation>
for morphometric data of
<typeStatus box="[320,413,1412,1436]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus box="[474,566,1413,1437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="342">paratype</typeStatus>
. The specimens are quite soft and uneasy to handle, and consequently the description of the soft anatomy uneasy and sometimes approximate. A moderately elongate nemacheilid with body depth about equal from head to dorsal-fin origin. Behind dorsal fin, body depth decreasing to caudal-fin base. Head slightly depressed, anterior half conspicuously depressed. Body rounded anteriorly to compressed posteriorly. Genital papilla very large (compared to other species of nemacheilids). Conspicuous dorsal and ventral crests on caudal peduncle, starting very close to posterior extremity of dorsal- and anal-fin bases, outline of dorsal crest continuous with dorsal outline of caudal fin. Caudal peduncle 1.7-2.0 times longer than deep (depth including crest). Largest recorded size
<quantity box="[687,782,1284,1308]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="343" unit="mm" value="24.7">24.7 mm</quantity>
SL.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822901" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5822901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5822901/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="343" startId="2.[569,582,1137,1158]" targetBox="[137,1057,228,1110]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1058,1137,1215]" box="[569,626,1137,1159]" pageId="2" pageNumber="343">FIG. 1</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1058,1137,1215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="343">
<emphasis box="[136,359,1168,1189]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="343">Draconectesnarinosus</emphasis>
, MHNG 2730.080,
<quantity box="[556,642,1167,1189]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="343" unit="mm" value="24.7">24.7 mm</quantity>
SL;
<collectingCountry box="[691,772,1167,1189]" name="Vietnam" pageId="2" pageNumber="343">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
: Ha Long Bay: Dao Van Gio island, Dong Duc Tien cave; right side, reversed. Photographs by Tan Heok Hui.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1059,1252,1660]" pageId="2" pageNumber="343">Dorsal fin with 4 simple and 7 branched rays (a single ray articulating on last pterygiophore); distal margin straight. Pectoral fin with 11 rays, reaching about halfway to 3/5 of distance to pelvic-fin base. No pelvic axillary lobe. Pelvic fin with 6 rays, reaching about ¾ of distance to anal-fin origin, not reaching anus which is situated immediately in front of anal fin; origin slightly in front of vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Anal fin with 3 simple and 5 branched rays (a single ray articulating on last pterygiophore). Caudal fin forked, with 7+6 branched rays, with very narrow interradial membranes resulting in an elongated appearance; procurrent rays difficult to count, at least 8 dorsal and 7 ventral.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1059,1252,1660]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1074,908,1412]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="344" pageId="2" pageNumber="343">
No scales on body. Lateral line indistinct but complete, marked by a series of 30-40 papillae along its course, apparently each with a pore at its tip. Four and six similar papillae on each side of dorsal-fin base of
<typeStatus box="[725,818,908,932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">holotype</typeStatus>
, possibly with a pore; apparently 2 papillae in
<typeStatus box="[412,504,941,965]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">paratype</typeStatus>
. Pores of cephalic lateral line system also situated at tip of papillae (
<figureCitation box="[315,377,972,996]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="4.[569,582,911,932]" captionTargetBox="[139,1053,227,876]" captionTargetId="figure-1200@4.[139,1053,227,876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIG. 2 Draconectesnarinosus, OBBFUL, uncat., 20.8 mm SL; dorsal view of head. an, anterior nostril; ip, pores of infraorbital row; pn, posterior nostril; sp, pore of supraorbital row. Photograph by Boris Sket." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5822903/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), difficult to count with accuracy because of state of fixation and because of presence of other, unpored papillae. 9 (?) supraorbital, 13 (?) preoperculomandibular (large, organised in a regular canal until angle of mouth) and 3 (?) hardly distinct supratemporal pores. Infraorbital row present, difficult to distinguish, about 9-12 (?) papillae/pores along anterior part of canal. Supraorbital canals almost meeting anteriorly.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="DF416631F626FFA3149C6594FC426182" box="[221,1004,227,249]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF416631F626FFA3149C6594FC426182" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" startId="3.[221,236,228,249]" targetBox="[247,979,268,838]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[221,1004,227,249]" box="[221,1004,227,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
TABLE 1. Morphometric data of holoype and
<typeStatus box="[659,742,228,249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">paratype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis box="[775,998,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Draconectesnarinosus</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<table box="[247,979,268,838]" gridcols="3" gridrows="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<tr box="[247,979,268,290]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="344" rowspan-0="1">
<th box="[704,788,268,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">holotype</th>
<th box="[896,979,268,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<typeStatus box="[896,979,269,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">paratype</typeStatus>
</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,309,331]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,309,331]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Standard lenth (mm)</th>
<td box="[704,788,309,331]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">24.7</td>
<td box="[896,979,309,331]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">20.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,335,357]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,335,357]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Total lenth (mm)</th>
<td box="[704,788,335,357]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">29.0</td>
<td box="[896,979,335,357]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">24.7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,360,382]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,979,360,382]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">In percent of standard length</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,385,407]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,385,407]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Total length</th>
<td box="[704,788,385,407]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">117.4</td>
<td box="[896,979,385,407]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">118.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,411,433]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,411,433]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Head length (dorsal)</th>
<td box="[704,788,411,433]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">22.3</td>
<td box="[896,979,411,433]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">23.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,436,458]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,436,458]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Head length (lateral)</th>
<td box="[704,788,436,458]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">28.3</td>
<td box="[896,979,436,458]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">27.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,461,483]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,461,483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Predorsal length</th>
<td box="[704,788,461,483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">57.9</td>
<td box="[896,979,461,483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">59.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,487,509]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,487,509]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Prepelvic length</th>
<td box="[704,788,487,509]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">55.5</td>
<td box="[896,979,487,509]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">56.7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,512,534]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,512,534]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Preanal length</th>
<td box="[704,788,512,534]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">70.0</td>
<td box="[896,979,512,534]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">72.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,537,559]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,537,559]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Head depth</th>
<td box="[704,788,537,559]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">13.0</td>
<td box="[896,979,537,559]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">12.5</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,563,585]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,563,585]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Body depth at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td box="[704,788,563,585]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">13.4</td>
<td box="[896,979,563,585]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">13.0</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,588,610]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,588,610]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Depth of caudal peduncle</th>
<td box="[704,788,588,610]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">10.5</td>
<td box="[896,979,588,610]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">12.5</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,613,635]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,613,635]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Length of caudal peduncle</th>
<td box="[704,788,613,635]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">21.1</td>
<td box="[896,979,613,635]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">21.2</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,639,661]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,639,661]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Maximum head width</th>
<td box="[704,788,639,661]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">15.8</td>
<td box="[896,979,639,661]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">15.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,664,686]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,664,686]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Body width at dorsal-fin origin</th>
<td box="[704,788,664,686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">7.7</td>
<td box="[896,979,664,686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">11.5</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,689,711]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,689,711]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Length of dorsal fin</th>
<td box="[704,788,689,711]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">19.0</td>
<td box="[896,979,689,711]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">19.2</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,715,737]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,715,737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Length of upper caudal-fin rays</th>
<td box="[704,788,715,737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">17.4</td>
<td box="[896,979,715,737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">21.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,740,762]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,740,762]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Length of lower caudal-fin rays</th>
<td box="[704,788,740,762]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">17.4</td>
<td box="[896,979,740,762]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">20.2</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,765,787]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,765,787]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Length of anal fin</th>
<td box="[704,788,765,787]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">17.8</td>
<td box="[896,979,765,787]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">17.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,791,813]" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,791,813]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Length of pelvic fin</th>
<td box="[704,788,791,813]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">15.0</td>
<td box="[896,979,791,813]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">12.5</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[247,979,816,838]" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
<th box="[247,593,816,838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Length of pectoral fin</th>
<td box="[704,788,816,838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">18.2</td>
<td box="[896,979,816,838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">17.8</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,1074,908,1412]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">
Nostrils adjacent, posterior opening larger than anterior one; anterior nostril at tip of a short and broad tube; olfactory rosette slightly protruding through posterior opening. Mouth gape about 2 times wider than long (
<figureCitation box="[755,821,1228,1252]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[569,582,1137,1158]" captionTargetBox="[137,1057,228,1110]" captionTargetId="figure-1037@2.[137,1057,228,1110]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1 Draconectesnarinosus, MHNG 2730.080, 24.7 mm SL; Vietnam: Ha Long Bay: Dao Van Gio island, Dong Duc Tien cave; right side, reversed. Photographs by Tan Heok Hui." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5822901/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Lips thin but fleshy, apparently smooth. No median incision in upper lip. A median notch in lower lip, shallow but long. No processus dentiformis. A median concavity in lower jaw. Inner rostral barbel reaching about to corner of mouth; outer one reaching about ½ of lateral head length. Maxillary barbel reaching about 2/3 of lateral head length. Shape of intestine unknown (specimens not dissected).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,1073,1431,1487]" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">SEXUAL DIMORPHISM: No external character observed that would be indicative of sexual dimorphism.</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[151,1074,1506,1658]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1059,1040,1224]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="345" pageId="3" pageNumber="344">COLORATION: When preserved, body background pale yellowish. Dark brown pigments on upper half of flank, giving a pale brownish appearance, denser along midlateral axis and on back in front of dorsal fin. Papillae of lateral line and along base of dorsal fin with dark brown pigments. Head pale yellowish, darker along posterior edge of skull, around rim of posterior nostril and at possible position of a foramen. Difference between brownish dorsal and white ventral parts of head very contrasted. Dorsal crest and posterior half of ventral crest brownish. Two darker brown patches at base of caudal-fin rays. Fins hyaline.</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822903" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5822903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5822903/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" startId="4.[569,582,911,932]" targetBox="[139,1053,227,876]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1059,910,1013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
FIG. 2
<emphasis box="[136,358,941,962]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Draconectesnarinosus</emphasis>
, OBBFUL, uncat.,
<quantity box="[545,630,940,962]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" unit="mm" value="20.8">20.8 mm</quantity>
SL; dorsal view of head. an, anterior nostril; ip, pores of infraorbital row; pn, posterior nostril; sp, pore of supraorbital row. Photograph by Boris Sket.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1059,1040,1224]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
In life (based on photographs,
<figureCitation box="[571,640,1136,1160]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[569,582,615,636]" captionTargetBox="[136,1057,227,581]" captionTargetId="figure-1988@6.[135,1058,225,581]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 3 Draconectesnarinosus, MHNG 2730.080, 24.7 mm SL; Vietnam: Ha Long Bay: Dao Van Gio island, Dong Duc Tien cave; immediately after capture. Photograph by Boris Sket." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5822905/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): Body pale reddish brown. A faint roundish greyish mark at end of caudal peduncle. Papillae along base of dorsal fin blackish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="345" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1058,1243,1332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
DISTRIBUTION: Presently known only from the
<typeStatus box="[719,765,1244,1268]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">type</typeStatus>
locality, in Dong Duc Tien cave, on Dao Van Gio island, in Halong Bay. Dao Van Gio is located in the eastern part of Ha Long Bay, about
<quantity box="[389,457,1307,1331]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
off the coast.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="346" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1059,1349,1661]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1074,227,443]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="346" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">
NOTES ON BIOLOGY: The following information are provided by the collector, Boris Sket (in litt,
<date box="[338,478,1381,1405]" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" value="2004-10-31">31 Oct. 2004</date>
). The only water body of a phreatic (not anchihaline) character that could be reached on a small island of Ha Long Bay was inside Dong Duc Tien cave on Dao Van Gio island, a very dissected karst island. Altitude was not measured but is estimated to have been at about sea level. At the time of the visit it was a 'lake' approximately 100 x
<quantity box="[464,522,1509,1533]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
, fragmented by large boulders into a system of interconnected basins with loamy bottom and up to
<quantity box="[694,755,1541,1565]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
deep. The water was totally stagnant. As can be inferred from its fauna, this body of water is, at least during highest water levels, connected and included into a general phreatic water body of the island. Its water is nearly limnic (4-5 ppt salinity). The island is slightly over
<quantity box="[940,998,1637,1661]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
<superScript attach="left" box="[998,1009,1634,1653]" fontSize="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">2</superScript>
and extremely ramified, the width of the branches reaching a maximum of
<quantity box="[901,968,227,251]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
, and only at a few locations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1074,227,443]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
Five fish individuals have been sighted, but only two of them caught. Another interesting and exceptional animal from this lake is the moderately dense population of a tiny troglomorphic amphipod of the family
<taxonomicName authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1908" box="[662,746,355,379]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sebidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sebidae</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis box="[765,988,355,379]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Seborgia vietnamica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="JAUME, D. &amp; SKET, B. &amp; BOXSHALL, G. A." pageId="5" pageNumber="346" pagination="249 - 277" refId="ref3977" refString="JAUME, D., SKET, B. &amp; BOXSHALL, G. A. 2009. New subterranean Sebidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Gammaridea) from Vietnam and SW Pacific. Zoosystema 31 (2): 249 - 277." type="journal article" year="2009">Jaume, Sket &amp; Boxshall, 2009</bibRefCitation>
); it most probably serves as the main food supply for the fish. Copepods and oligochaetes were extremely scarce.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[227,1074,461,485]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="5.[227,1074,461,485]" box="[227,1074,461,485]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
ETYMOLOGY: The Latin
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kottelat &amp; Ch-" authorityYear="2012" box="[490,595,462,485]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Draconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="narinosus">
<emphasis box="[490,595,462,485]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">narinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
means 'who has large nostrils'. An adjective.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="348" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1074,504,1663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
REMARKS: It is not possible to determine the relationships of
<emphasis box="[889,1027,505,528]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
D.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kottelat &amp; Ch-" authorityYear="2012" box="[922,1027,505,528]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Draconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="narinosus">narinosus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and it is not possible to place it in any of the recognised genera, and therefore it is placed in a new genus. Some of the characters used to diagnose the genus (absence of eye and scales, pale body) are obviously related with the cave habitat and as such reductive and not informative about relationships. The pores of the cephalic and body lateral line system situated at the tip of papillae is apparently unique in nemacheilids; this character too is possibly an adaptation to cave habitat. The relatively large nostrils and their wide openings are apparently unique in the family, as are the papillae along the base of the dorsal fin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1074,504,1663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
<emphasis box="[227,449,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Schisturapapulifera</emphasis>
Kottelat
<emphasis box="[554,604,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">etal</emphasis>
., 2007, a cave species from
<collectingRegion box="[923,996,787,811]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Assam</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[1012,1067,787,811]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">India</collectingCountry>
, also has projections on the head, but in this species the head is covered by small skin projections, the pores of the cephalic lateral line system are not situated at the tip of papillae and there are 5 pores in the supratemporal canal (vs.
<quantity box="[813,855,881,905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kottelat &amp; Ch-" authorityYear="2012" box="[862,997,882,905]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Draconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[862,997,882,905]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Draconectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1074,504,1663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
Most Southeast Asian species of nemacheilids have 9+8 branched caudal-fin rays. This number is sometimes reduced by 1 or
<quantity box="[672,713,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
some species (8+8, 8+7); in such cases it is usually a reliable diagnostic character (e.g.
<bibRefCitation author="KOTTELAT, M." box="[765,934,976,1000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" refId="ref4061" refString="KOTTELAT, M. 1990 a. Indochinese nemacheilines. A revision of nemacheiline loaches (Pisces: Cypriniformes) of Thailand, Burma, Laos, Cambodia and southern Viet Nam. Pfeil, Munchen, 262 pp." type="book" year="1990">Kottelat, 1990a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="KOTTELAT, M." box="[952,1005,976,1000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" pagination="37 - 82" refId="ref4181" refString="KOTTELAT, M. 2000. Diagnoses of a new genus and 64 new species of fishes from Laos (Teleostei: Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Bagridae, Syngnathidae, Chaudhuriidae and Tetraodontidae). Journal-of-South-Asian-Natural-History 5 (1): 37 - 82." type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
). The reduced number of caudal-fin rays is usually associated with small size in nemacheilids (e.g.,
<emphasis box="[212,444,1038,1062]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Schisturapaucicincta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="KOTTELAT, M." box="[451,616,1038,1062]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" refId="ref4061" refString="KOTTELAT, M. 1990 a. Indochinese nemacheilines. A revision of nemacheiline loaches (Pisces: Cypriniformes) of Thailand, Burma, Laos, Cambodia and southern Viet Nam. Pfeil, Munchen, 262 pp." type="book" year="1990">Kottelat, 1990a</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis box="[629,719,1038,1063]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">S.rikiki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="KOTTELAT, M." box="[720,872,1038,1062]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" pagination="37 - 82" refId="ref4181" refString="KOTTELAT, M. 2000. Diagnoses of a new genus and 64 new species of fishes from Laos (Teleostei: Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Bagridae, Syngnathidae, Chaudhuriidae and Tetraodontidae). Journal-of-South-Asian-Natural-History 5 (1): 37 - 82." type="journal article" year="2000">Kottelat, 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis box="[886,913,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">S.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Ou et al., 2011" authorityName="Ou" authorityYear="2011" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Schistura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="diminuta">
<emphasis box="[913,1008,1038,1062]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">diminuta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="OU, C. &amp; MONTANA, C. G. &amp; WINEMILLER, K. O. &amp; CONWAY, K. W." pageId="5" pageNumber="346" pagination="193 - 200" refId="ref4648" refString="OU, C., MONTANA, C. G., WINEMILLER, K. O. &amp; CONWAY, K. W. 2011. Schistura-diminuta, anew miniature loach from the Mekong River drainage of Cambodia (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae). Ichthyological-Exploration-of-Freshwaters 22 (3): 193 - 200." type="journal article" year="2011">Ou et al., 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) and other fishes (e.g.
<emphasis box="[484,617,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Paedocypris</emphasis>
, see Kottelat
<emphasis box="[762,808,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">etal</emphasis>
., 2006, Britz &amp;
<bibRefCitation author="CONWAY, K. W. &amp; KOTTELAT, M. &amp; TAN, H. H." pageId="5" pageNumber="346" pagination="251 - 288" refId="ref3725" refString="CONWAY, K. W., KOTTELAT, M. &amp; TAN, H. H. 2011. Review of the Southeast Asian miniature cyprinid genus Sundadanio (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae) with descriptions of seven new species from Indonesia and Malaysia. Ichthyological-Exploration-of-Freshwaters 22 (3): 251 - 288." type="journal article" year="2011">Conway, 2011</bibRefCitation>
), but small size is not always associated with reduced number of caudal rays (e.g.
<emphasis box="[151,278,1133,1157]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Sundadanio</emphasis>
, see Conway
<emphasis box="[430,477,1133,1157]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">etal</emphasis>
., 2011).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1074,504,1663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
Many genera and species of East Asian nemacheilids have a lower number of branched caudal-fin rays. The reduced number of caudal-fin rays (13) in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kottelat &amp; Ch-" authorityYear="2012" box="[932,1067,1197,1220]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Draconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[932,1067,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Draconectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is shared with the genera
<taxonomicName box="[451,571,1228,1251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[451,571,1228,1251]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Oreonectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(12-16; Du
<emphasis box="[719,771,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">et al</emphasis>
., 2008) and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Herzenstein" authorityYear="1888" box="[922,983,1227,1251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Lefua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[922,983,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Lefua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(13-15;
<bibRefCitation author="SAWADA, Y." box="[151,300,1259,1283]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" pagination="65 - 223" refId="ref4703" refString="SAWADA, Y. 1982. Phylogeny and zoogeography of the superfamily Cobitoidea (Cyprinoidei, Cypriniformes). Memoirs-of-the-Faculty-of-Fisheries-Hokkaido-University 28 (2): 65 - 223." type="journal article" year="1982">Sawada, 1982</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kottelat &amp; Ch-" authorityYear="2012" box="[323,458,1260,1283]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Draconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[323,458,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Draconectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Herzenstein" authorityYear="1888" box="[695,756,1259,1283]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Lefua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[695,756,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Lefua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[808,928,1260,1283]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[808,928,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Oreonectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having the anterior and posterior nostrils adjacent (vs. widely separated, posterior one at short distance of anterior margin of orbit); the anterior nostril situated at the tip of a short and wide tube (vs. on a short and narrow tube whose posterior rim is produced in a long filament, the 'nasal barbel'); a complete lateral line (vs. absent or up to 18 pores, not reaching vertical of pelvic fin); and the dorsal-fin origin slightly behind a vertical through pelvic-fin origin (vs. conspicuously behind the base of the pelvic fin in some
<taxonomicName box="[151,271,1480,1503]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[151,271,1480,1503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Oreonectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName box="[300,420,1480,1503]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[300,420,1480,1503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Oreonectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in southeastern
<collectingCountry box="[695,759,1479,1503]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">China</collectingCountry>
and northern
<collectingCountry box="[925,1015,1479,1503]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
; and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Herzenstein" authorityYear="1888" box="[151,212,1510,1534]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Lefua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[151,212,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Lefua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Amur drainage,
<collectingCountry box="[461,526,1511,1534]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Korea</collectingCountry>
, northeastern
<collectingCountry box="[679,743,1510,1534]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[796,857,1511,1534]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[151,1074,504,1663]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1059,739,1659]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="347" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
As presently understood,
<taxonomicName box="[500,620,1543,1566]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[500,620,1543,1566]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">Oreonectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes eleven valid species (Kottelat, in press), several of them known from cave habitats. They can be separated into two groups. The first group includes five species (
<emphasis box="[648,680,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">O.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Zheng, 1981" authorityName="Zheng" authorityYear="1981" box="[681,976,1606,1630]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anophthalmus">
<emphasis box="[681,832,1606,1630]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">anophthalmus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="ZHENG, B. - S." box="[840,976,1606,1630]" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" refId="ref5090" refString="ZHENG, B. - S. (ed.) 1981. [FreshwaterfishesofGuangxi]. Guangxi-Renmin-Press, - Nanning, 257 pp. [InChinese]." type="book" year="1981">Zheng, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis box="[991,1024,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">O.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Yang" authorityName="Yang" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guananensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">guananensis</emphasis>
Yang
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[319,369,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">et al</emphasis>
., 2011a,
<emphasis box="[473,506,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">O.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Yang" authorityName="Yang" box="[509,724,1638,1663]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luochengensis">
<emphasis box="[509,660,1638,1662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">luochengensis</emphasis>
Yang
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[734,791,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">et al.</emphasis>
, 2011b,
<emphasis box="[889,1073,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="346">
O.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[925,1073,1638,1662]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephalus">platycephalus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="GUNTHER, A." box="[136,291,739,763]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" refId="ref3877" refString="GUNTHER, A. 1868. Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Vol. 7. British- Museum, London, XX + 512 pp." type="book" year="1868">Günther, 1868</bibRefCitation>
,
<emphasis box="[307,340,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">O.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Du" authorityName="Du" box="[342,511,739,763]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polystigmus">
<emphasis box="[342,469,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">polystigmus</emphasis>
Du
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[520,569,739,763]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">etal</emphasis>
., 2008) that have, among other characters, a rounded caudal fin and the dorsal-fin origin clearly behind the pelvic-fin origin; this group includes
<emphasis box="[309,494,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">
O.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[346,494,803,827]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephalus">platycephalus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, the
<typeStatus box="[555,601,803,827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus. This first group is present in
<collectingRegion box="[258,350,835,859]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion box="[412,536,835,859]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
provinces in
<collectingCountry box="[697,761,835,859]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">China</collectingCountry>
and in coastal streams of
<collectingCountry box="[136,226,867,891]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
(northeast of Halong; Kottelat, 2001). According to Tang
<emphasis box="[847,900,867,891]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">etal.</emphasis>
(2012), all but
<emphasis box="[136,321,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">
O.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" box="[173,321,899,923]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephalus">platycephalus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
are known from caves. Du
<emphasis box="[639,690,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">et al</emphasis>
. (2008) and Huang
<emphasis box="[919,970,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">et al</emphasis>
. (2009) considered that a sixth species,
<emphasis box="[480,513,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">O.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Lan" authorityName="Lan" box="[515,701,931,955]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retrodorsalis">
<emphasis box="[515,652,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">retrodorsalis</emphasis>
Lan
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[710,765,931,955]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">etal.</emphasis>
, 1996, also belongs to this first group, in which it is the only species with an emarginate caudal fin; the figure in the original description (
<bibRefCitation author="LAN, J. - H. &amp; YANG, J. - X. &amp; CHEN, Y. - R." box="[410,691,995,1019]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" pagination="109 - 112" refId="ref4514" refString="LAN, J. - H., YANG, J. - X. &amp; CHEN, Y. - R. 1996. [OnenewspeciesofcavefishfromGuangxi (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae)]. Zoological-Research 17 (2): 109 - 112. [InChinese, English summary]." type="journal article" year="1996">Lan, Yang &amp; Chen, 1996</bibRefCitation>
) shows a forked caudal fin with rounded lobes.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5822905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5822905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5822905/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" startId="6.[569,582,615,636]" targetBox="[136,1057,227,581]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,1058,614,692]" box="[569,626,614,636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">FIG. 3</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,1058,614,692]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">
<emphasis box="[136,359,646,667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Draconectesnarinosus</emphasis>
, MHNG 2730.080,
<quantity box="[556,642,645,667]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" unit="mm" value="24.7">24.7 mm</quantity>
SL;
<collectingCountry box="[691,772,645,667]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
: Ha Long Bay: Dao Van Gio island, Dong Duc Tien cave; immediately after capture. Photograph by Boris Sket.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,1059,739,1659]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">
The second group includes species that have, among other characters, a forked caudal fin, the dorsal-fin origin in front of the pelvic-fin origin, a more slender body and a distinct dorsal crest on the caudal peduncle. This second group includes five named species (
<emphasis box="[307,340,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">O.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Tang" authorityName="Tang" box="[340,503,1155,1179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis box="[340,444,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">elongatus</emphasis>
Tang
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[510,557,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">etal</emphasis>
., 2012,
<emphasis box="[645,678,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">O.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Zhu &amp; Cao, 1987" authorityName="Zhu &amp; Cao" authorityYear="1987" box="[678,1018,1155,1179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="furcocaudalis">
<emphasis box="[678,824,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">furcocaudalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="ZHU, S. - Q. &amp; CAO, W. - X." box="[831,1018,1155,1179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" pagination="323 - 331" refId="ref5119" refString="ZHU, S. - Q. &amp; CAO, W. - X. 1987. [ThenoemacheilinesfishesfromGuangdongandGuangxiwith descriptions of a new genus and three new species (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae)]. Acta Zootaxonomica-Sinica 12 (3): 323 - 331. [InChinese, Englishsummary]." type="journal article" year="1987">Zhu &amp; Cao, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authority="Huang" authorityName="Huang" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrolepis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">O. macrolepis</emphasis>
Huang
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[346,397,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">et al</emphasis>
., 2009,
<emphasis box="[491,524,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">O.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Du" authorityName="Du" box="[528,743,1187,1211]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microphthalmus">
<emphasis box="[528,700,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">microphthalmus</emphasis>
Du
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[754,805,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">et al</emphasis>
., 2008,
<emphasis box="[899,932,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">O.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Zhang" authorityName="Zhang" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="translucens">
<emphasis box="[935,1058,1187,1211]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">translucens</emphasis>
Zhang
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis box="[215,265,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">et al</emphasis>
., 2006), all known only from
<collectingRegion box="[608,700,1219,1243]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[717,781,1219,1243]" name="China" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">China</collectingCountry>
. All have been collected inside caves (Tang
<emphasis box="[344,398,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">etal.</emphasis>
, 2012). These species do not seem congeneric with
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">
O.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1868" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platycephalus">platycephalus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, but in the absence of material I cannot comment on their status. It is further not clear whether all species in this second group are closely related; the illustration in the original description of
<emphasis box="[417,568,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">
O.
<taxonomicName box="[450,568,1347,1371]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Oreonectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrolepis">macrolepis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(Huang
<emphasis box="[660,713,1347,1371]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">etal.</emphasis>
, 2009) shows a fish with a more rounded body (vs. compressed in the other species), rounded head (vs. pointed) and rounded caudal-fin lobes (vs. pointed).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kottelat &amp; Ch-" authorityYear="2012" box="[571,706,1412,1435]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Draconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[571,706,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Draconectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
potentially could have relationships with some of them but is distinguished from all by the adjacent anterior and posterior nostrils.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,1059,739,1659]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1073,227,315]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="348" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">
The nemacheilid fauna of northern
<collectingCountry box="[597,687,1507,1531]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
and coastal drainages of Guangxi is still poorly known (Kottelat, 2001, pers. obs.; Freyhof &amp; Serov., 2001); the recent poor descriptions of several species (
<bibRefCitation author="NGUYEN, V. H." box="[549,703,1571,1595]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" refId="ref4565" refString="NGUYEN, V. H. 2005. Ca nuoc ngot Viet Nam. Tap II. Lop ca sun va bon lien bo cua nhom ca xuong (lien bo ca that, lien bo ca dang trich, tong bo ca dang chao va lien bo ca dang chep) [Freshwater fishes of Vietnam. Volume 2]. Nha- Xuat- Ban- Nong- Nghiep- [Agri- - culture-Publishing-House], - Hanoi, 759 pp. [InVietnamese]." type="book" year="2005">Nguyen, 2005</bibRefCitation>
) has compounded the situation. The species reported from adjacent areas of the mainland include
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Oreonectesplatycephalus</emphasis>
,
<emphasis box="[245,507,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Traccatichthystaeniatus</emphasis>
and various species of
<taxonomicName authority="(Kottelat, 2001 a)" baseAuthorityName="Kottelat" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[760,1052,1635,1659]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Schistura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[760,861,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="347">Schistura</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="KOTTELAT, M." box="[878,1043,1635,1659]" pageId="6" pageNumber="347" refId="ref4226" refString="KOTTELAT, M. 2001 a. Freshwater fishes of northern Vietnam. A preliminary check-list of the fishes known or expected to occur in northern Vietnam with comments on systematics and nomenclature. World-Bank, - Washington, III + 140 pp., 15 pls." type="book" year="2001">Kottelat, 2001a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The epigean relatives of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kottelat &amp; Ch-" authorityYear="2012" box="[423,558,228,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemacheilidae" genus="Draconectes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="348" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[423,558,228,251]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="348">Draconectes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
probably await discovery. It is remarkable that the species managed to survive on such a small island and at such low altitude within a maze of sunken karst landscape.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>