392 lines
51 KiB
XML
392 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53805" ID-GBIF-Dataset="153d057d-c190-4db9-aa8b-4da3cb04ae64" ID-PMC="PMC7683496" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-993-47" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2D7B2EB8CB285CBCA90A27064C6B1F17" ID-PubMed="33262675" ID-ZooBank="C40989DB80634C9FA481E7AA82CA924B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-993-47" checkinTime="1605571755153" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ruan, Yongying, Douglas, Hume B., Qiu, Lu, Chen, Xiaoqin & Jiang, Shihong" docDate="2020" docId="E3ED0F8AF3D051728DB035BD1E988AB8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 993: 47-120" docOrigin="ZooKeys 993" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53805" docTitle="Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux 1931" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="2D7B2EB8CB285CBCA90A27064C6B1F17" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="2D7B2EB8CB285CBCA90A27064C6B1F17" masterDocTitle="Revision of Chinese Phorocardius species (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae)" masterLastPageNumber="120" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="47" updateTime="1668169908327" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Chinese Phorocardius species (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ruan, Yongying</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5025-5592</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">yongyingruan@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Douglas, Hume B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1722-7554</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Qiu, Lu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400716, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chen, Xiaoqin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jiang, Shihong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>993</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>47</mods:start>
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<mods:end>120</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53805</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.993.53805</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-993-47</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="169091758" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E3ED0F8AF3D051728DB035BD1E988AB8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3ED0F8AF3D051728DB035BD1E988AB8" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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4.
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<taxonomicName LSID="E3ED0F8A-F3D0-5172-8DB0-35BD1E988AB8" authority="Fleutiaux, 1931" authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931. A lectotype, male, from Hanoi, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels B paralectotype, female, from Vung Tau, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels C the same female as B, ventral view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and last visible ventrite D aedeagus of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and apex of paramere E aedeagus of non-type specimen, individual- 1 (Yunnan, Xi-shuang-ban-na, Meng-zhe), dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere F aedeagus of non-type specimen (Yunnan, Jing-dong, Dong-jia-feng), individual- 2, dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere G aedeagus, individual- 2, lateral view, arrow indicating apex of paramere H aedeagus, individual- 2, ventral view I distal (upper side) and proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix, non-type specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475440" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figs 8</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931. A pronotum of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) B head of paralectotype, frontal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) C head, frontal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating straight frontal carina D, E apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, paralectotype (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) F apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen G a model of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, hand drawing, arrow indicating tri-lobed apex H apex of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen I a model of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating concave apex." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475441" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 9</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Shape of supraantennal carina of Chinese Phorocardius species. Arrows indicating supraantennal carina forked near eye. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov. K head, frontal-lateral view, arrows indicating forked supraantennal carina." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475457" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 23D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Lateral view of prosternal process and mesosternum of Chinese Phorocardius species. Upper green arrows indicating shape of posterior end of prosternal process; lower red arrows indicating projections (absent or present) on posterior edge of mesosternum (i. e., on anteroventral angle of mesosternal fossa according to Douglas 2003). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475458" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 24D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Ventral view of pro- and mesothorax of Chinese Phorocardius species. Showing shape of ventral surface of prosternal process (upper, yellow dashed line), mesepisternum (middle, green arrow and dashed line) and projections on posterior edge of mesosternum (lower, red arrow and solid line) middle, green arrows indicating anterior-mesal angle of mesepisternum. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475459" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 25D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Female abdominal ventrite V in Chinese Phorocardius species (ventral view). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus F P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. unguicularis H P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov, arrows showing incisions near apex." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475460" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">, 26D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">Phorocardius magnus</taxonomicName>
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Fleutiaux, 1931: 310. Type locality: Vietnam (Hanoi). Lectotype designated here.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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China (Yunnan, Hainan), Vietnam (
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<bibRefCitation author="Fleutiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" pagination="306 - 334" refId="B17" refString="Fleutiaux, E, 1931. Les Elaterides de I'Indo-Chine Francaise (Catalogue raisonne). Quatrieme partie. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 56: 306 - 334" title="Les Elaterides de I'Indo-Chine Francaise (Catalogue raisonne). Quatrieme partie." volume="56" year="1931">Fleutiaux 1931</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Body length greater than 7.0 mm; integument entirely red-brown to brown throughout. Prothorax: procoxal cavities open; prosternal process gradually narrowed posterad to ventral apex in ventral view, with apex narrowly rounded. Pterothorax: scutellar shield with posterior apex pointed. Tarsal claw with ventral apex not smaller than dorsal apex. Male genitalia: paramere with preapical lateral expansion and secondary lateral bulge present, apical mesal callus absent. Female: apex of last abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) tri-lobed, emarginate between middle and lateral lobes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Fleutiaux, 1931 resembles
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. unguicularis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="unguicularis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. unguicularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fleutiaux, 1918) in body color and size. They can be separated by the following combination of characters: in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. magnus" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="magnus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. magnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Fleutiaux, 1931, aedeagus robust in lateral view (more than 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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thicker at mid-length than at apical 1/5 of parameres); in ventral view, paramere slightly narrowed from base to apical fourth, apical fourth abruptly narrowed to 1/4 width at mid-length, with hook-like preapical lateral expansion; pronotum with shallow punctures, interspaces between punctures 1-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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average puncture diameter; and head with frontal carina straight in frontal view; while
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. unguicularis" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="unguicularis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">P. unguicularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fleutiaux, 1918) has aedeagus slender in lateral view, in ventral view paramere slightly widened from base to mid-length, gradually narrowed from mid-length to apex, apex pointed and without preapical lateral expansion; pronotum with deep punctures, interspaces between punctures 0.3-1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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average puncture diameter; and head with frontal carina convex in frontal view.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">(based on photographs of eight type specimens and four non-type specimens) Body robust. Color entirely red-brown to brown throughout, including legs and antennae; pronotum slightly darker than remainder. Integument matt, with yellow pubescence.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">(based on lectotype and examined specimens) Male body length 9.5-12.0 mm, width 3.0-4.1 mm. Female body length 11.0-13.9 mm, width 3.9-4.5 mm. Body length to width ratio 2.9-3.2. Pronotal width to length ratio 1.0-1.2. Pronotal width to body width ratio 0.90-0.97. Elytral length to pronotal length ratio 2.5-2.7; elytron length to width ratio 3.9-4.1.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Head</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Frons and vertex with interspaces between punctures 0.3-1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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average puncture diameter (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931. A pronotum of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) B head of paralectotype, frontal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) C head, frontal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating straight frontal carina D, E apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, paralectotype (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) F apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen G a model of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, hand drawing, arrow indicating tri-lobed apex H apex of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen I a model of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating concave apex." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475441" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">9B</figureCitation>
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). Frontal carina in frontal view transversely straight (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931. A pronotum of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) B head of paralectotype, frontal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) C head, frontal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating straight frontal carina D, E apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, paralectotype (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) F apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen G a model of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, hand drawing, arrow indicating tri-lobed apex H apex of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen I a model of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating concave apex." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475441" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">9C</figureCitation>
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). Antenna with apex extending to posterior angle of pronotum. Distance between eyes to width of eye ratio 2.9-3.1. Antenna length to body length ratio, in male 0.35-0.36, in female 0.32-0.33. Proportions of antennomere lengths (male): 100 (scape); 46-53; 57-63; 55-58; 50-55; 59-60; 59-65; 57-63; 60-63; 60-67; 80-87.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Prothorax</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Pronotum in dorsal view: robust, comparatively larger than other Chinese
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, with sides evenly convex, widest near mid-length, straighter posterad; posterior angles with lateral sides straight to slightly convex, not bulged; surface with shallow punctures, interspaces between punctures 1-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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average puncture diameter. In ventral view, ventral surface of prosternal process with sides carinate and gradually narrow from anterior to posterior end, with apex narrowly rounded. In lateral view, prosternal process with ventral surface curved slightly dorsad, posterior end somewhat concave (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Lateral view of prosternal process and mesosternum of Chinese Phorocardius species. Upper green arrows indicating shape of posterior end of prosternal process; lower red arrows indicating projections (absent or present) on posterior edge of mesosternum (i. e., on anteroventral angle of mesosternal fossa according to Douglas 2003). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475458" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">24D</figureCitation>
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, upper arrow). Procoxal cavities narrowly open.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Pterothorax</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Lateral view of prosternal process and mesosternum of Chinese Phorocardius species. Upper green arrows indicating shape of posterior end of prosternal process; lower red arrows indicating projections (absent or present) on posterior edge of mesosternum (i. e., on anteroventral angle of mesosternal fossa according to Douglas 2003). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475458" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">24D</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Ventral view of pro- and mesothorax of Chinese Phorocardius species. Showing shape of ventral surface of prosternal process (upper, yellow dashed line), mesepisternum (middle, green arrow and dashed line) and projections on posterior edge of mesosternum (lower, red arrow and solid line) middle, green arrows indicating anterior-mesal angle of mesepisternum. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475459" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">25D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesepisternum in ventral view with antero-mesal corner narrowly rounded (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Ventral view of pro- and mesothorax of Chinese Phorocardius species. Showing shape of ventral surface of prosternal process (upper, yellow dashed line), mesepisternum (middle, green arrow and dashed line) and projections on posterior edge of mesosternum (lower, red arrow and solid line) middle, green arrows indicating anterior-mesal angle of mesepisternum. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475459" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">25D</figureCitation>
|
||
, upper (green) arrow). Projections on posterior edge of mesosternum: in ventral view present (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Ventral view of pro- and mesothorax of Chinese Phorocardius species. Showing shape of ventral surface of prosternal process (upper, yellow dashed line), mesepisternum (middle, green arrow and dashed line) and projections on posterior edge of mesosternum (lower, red arrow and solid line) middle, green arrows indicating anterior-mesal angle of mesepisternum. A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475459" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">25D</figureCitation>
|
||
, lower (red) arrow); in lateral view present, acute, strongly produced anteriorly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Lateral view of prosternal process and mesosternum of Chinese Phorocardius species. Upper green arrows indicating shape of posterior end of prosternal process; lower red arrows indicating projections (absent or present) on posterior edge of mesosternum (i. e., on anteroventral angle of mesosternal fossa according to Douglas 2003). A P. alterlineatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. B P. flavistriolatus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. C P. florentini. D P. magnus. E P. manuleatus. F P. minutus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. G P. rufiposterus Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. H P. unguicularis. I P. yunnanensis Ruan & Douglas, sp. nov. J P. zhiweii Ruan, Douglas & Qiu, sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475458" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">24D</figureCitation>
|
||
, lower (red) arrow). Scutellar shield: width to length ratio 0.92-1.10; anterolateral edges slightly sinuate; posterior apex pointed. Elytra: upper edge of epipleura with very weak minute serrations (barely visible).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Length ratio of metatarsomeres I-V (excluding claws): 100; 90-98; 70-79; 61-75; 145-152. Claw with ventral apex almost as large as dorsal apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Lateral edges of visible abdominal ventrites I-V with minute serrations. Male genitalia. Robust from ventral and lateral views (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931. A lectotype, male, from Hanoi, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels B paralectotype, female, from Vung Tau, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels C the same female as B, ventral view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and last visible ventrite D aedeagus of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and apex of paramere E aedeagus of non-type specimen, individual- 1 (Yunnan, Xi-shuang-ban-na, Meng-zhe), dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere F aedeagus of non-type specimen (Yunnan, Jing-dong, Dong-jia-feng), individual- 2, dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere G aedeagus, individual- 2, lateral view, arrow indicating apex of paramere H aedeagus, individual- 2, ventral view I distal (upper side) and proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix, non-type specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475440" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median lobe in ventral view gradually narrowing from base to apical third, parallel-sided near rounded apex. Median lobe in lateral view robust at base, curved ventrad and gradually narrowed from base to apical third, apical third slender, apex globose and recurved dorsad (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931. A lectotype, male, from Hanoi, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels B paralectotype, female, from Vung Tau, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels C the same female as B, ventral view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and last visible ventrite D aedeagus of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and apex of paramere E aedeagus of non-type specimen, individual- 1 (Yunnan, Xi-shuang-ban-na, Meng-zhe), dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere F aedeagus of non-type specimen (Yunnan, Jing-dong, Dong-jia-feng), individual- 2, dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere G aedeagus, individual- 2, lateral view, arrow indicating apex of paramere H aedeagus, individual- 2, ventral view I distal (upper side) and proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix, non-type specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475440" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">8G</figureCitation>
|
||
, indicated by arrow). Paramere in ventral view: robust, widest near mid-length (4-5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
wider than at apical fifth); width 1.5-2.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
median lobe width (measured at mid-length part of paramere and median lobe respectively); apical fourth gradually narrowing towards apex, with a secondary lateral bulge present before apex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931. A lectotype, male, from Hanoi, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels B paralectotype, female, from Vung Tau, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels C the same female as B, ventral view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and last visible ventrite D aedeagus of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and apex of paramere E aedeagus of non-type specimen, individual- 1 (Yunnan, Xi-shuang-ban-na, Meng-zhe), dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere F aedeagus of non-type specimen (Yunnan, Jing-dong, Dong-jia-feng), individual- 2, dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere G aedeagus, individual- 2, lateral view, arrow indicating apex of paramere H aedeagus, individual- 2, ventral view I distal (upper side) and proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix, non-type specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475440" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">8D-F</figureCitation>
|
||
, indicated by arrow); secondary lateral bulge turned and bent ventrad; preapical lateral expansion small, sharp, hook like; apical mesal callus absent. Paramere in lateral view: robust; parallel from base to mid-length, abruptly narrowed from mid-length to apical fourth, nearly parallel from apical fourth to apex; preapical ventral expansion absent, without hook-shaped structure.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475440" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">A</emphasis>
|
||
lectotype, male, from Hanoi, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">B</emphasis>
|
||
paralectotype, female, from Vung Tau, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">C</emphasis>
|
||
the same female as
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">B</emphasis>
|
||
, ventral view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and last visible ventrite
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">D</emphasis>
|
||
aedeagus of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and apex of paramere
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">E</emphasis>
|
||
aedeagus of non-type specimen, individual-1 (Yunnan, Xi-shuang-ban-na, Meng-zhe), dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">F</emphasis>
|
||
aedeagus of non-type specimen (Yunnan, Jing-dong, Dong-jia-feng), individual-2, dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">G</emphasis>
|
||
aedeagus, individual-2, lateral view, arrow indicating apex of paramere
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">H</emphasis>
|
||
aedeagus, individual-2, ventral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">I</emphasis>
|
||
distal (upper side) and proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix, non-type specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Color like male. Apex of abdominal ventrite V tri-lobed; with shape of middle lobe semicircular to longitudinal with apex rounded; deeply to gently incised between middle and lateral lobes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931. A pronotum of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) B head of paralectotype, frontal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) C head, frontal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating straight frontal carina D, E apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, paralectotype (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN) F apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen G a model of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, hand drawing, arrow indicating tri-lobed apex H apex of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen I a model of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating concave apex." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475441" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">9D-G</figureCitation>
|
||
). [In non-type specimens: proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix ovoid (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Phorocardius magnus Fleutiaux, 1931. A lectotype, male, from Hanoi, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels B paralectotype, female, from Vung Tau, Vietnam, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrow indicating specimen labels C the same female as B, ventral view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and last visible ventrite D aedeagus of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN), arrows indicating specimen labels and apex of paramere E aedeagus of non-type specimen, individual- 1 (Yunnan, Xi-shuang-ban-na, Meng-zhe), dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere F aedeagus of non-type specimen (Yunnan, Jing-dong, Dong-jia-feng), individual- 2, dorsal view, arrow indicating apex of paramere G aedeagus, individual- 2, lateral view, arrow indicating apex of paramere H aedeagus, individual- 2, ventral view I distal (upper side) and proximal sclerites of bursa copulatrix, non-type specimen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475440" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">8I</figureCitation>
|
||
), with shallow basal concavity; apex acute, each with 8-11 large spines on convex mesal edge, 15-17 smaller spines on disc.]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.993.53805.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/475441" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Figure 9.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">A</emphasis>
|
||
pronotum of lectotype, dorsal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">B</emphasis>
|
||
head of paralectotype, frontal view (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">C</emphasis>
|
||
head, frontal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating straight frontal carina
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">D, E</emphasis>
|
||
apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, paralectotype (photograph: Dr Antoine Mantilleri, MNHN)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">F</emphasis>
|
||
apex of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">G</emphasis>
|
||
a model of last visible abdominal ventrite (ventrite V) of female, ventral view, hand drawing, arrow indicating tri-lobed apex
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">H</emphasis>
|
||
apex of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, non-type specimen
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">I</emphasis>
|
||
a model of last visible abdominal tergite (tergite VII) of female, dorsal view, hand drawing, arrow indicating concave apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="type material">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
(all in MNHN) (photographs provided by Dr Antoine Mantilleri).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Lectotype</emphasis>
|
||
. ♂, labels: 1) Hanoi; 2) 3778; 3) Collection E. Fleutiaux; 4) Syntype [red label]; 5) Syntype
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931; 6) MNHN EC9225; 7) Lectotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931, Des. Ruan & Douglas, 2019.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="paralectotypes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Paralectotypes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
1♀, labels: 1) Cochinchine, Cap St. Jacques, Collection E Cordier; 2)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleut., type, Collection Fleutiaux; 3) Collection E. Fleutiaux; 4) Syntype [red label]; 5) Syntype
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931; 6) MNHN EC9218; 7) Paralectotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931, Des. Ruan & Douglas, 2020. • 1♀, labels: 1) Cochinchine, Cap St. Jacques, Collection E Cordier; 2) Collection E. Fleutiaux; 3) Syntype [red label]; 4) Syntype
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931; 5) MNHN EC9219; 6) Paralectotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931, Des. Ruan & Douglas, 2020. • 1 (sex unknown), labels: 1) Cochinchine, Cap St. Jacques, Collection E Cordier; 2) Collection E. Fleutiaux; 3) Syntype [red label]; 4) Syntype
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931; 5) MNHN EC9220; 6) Paralectotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931, Des. Ruan & Douglas, 2020. • 1 (sex unknown), labels: 1) Cochinchine, Cap St. Jacques, Collection E Cordier; 2) Collection E. Fleutiaux; 3) Syntype [red label]; 4) Syntype
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931; 5) MNHN EC9221; 6) Paralectotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931, Des. Ruan & Douglas, 2020. • 1♀, labels: 1) Cochinchine, Cap St. Jacques, Collection E Cordier; 2) type,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="……">......</normalizedToken>
|
||
[characters illegible] Collection Fleutiaux; 3) Collection E. Fleutiaux; 4) ex Coll Fleut.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 5) Syntype [red label]; 6) Syntype
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931; 6) MNHN EC9222; 7) ♀ genitalia See slide Coll No. 105; 8) Paralectotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931, Des. Ruan & Douglas, 2020. • 1 (sex unknown), labels: 1) Dap Cau, 1 au 9. 7. 06 [= 1 to 9 July, 1906]; 2) Collection E. Fleutiaux; 3)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleut., Collection E. Fleutiaux; 4) Syntype [red label]; 5) Syntype
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931; 6) MNHN EC9223; 7) Paralectotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931, Des. Ruan & Douglas, 2020. • 1 (sex unknown), label: 1) Dap Cau, 1 au 9. 7. 06' [= 1 to 9 July, 1906]; 2) Collection E. Fleutiaux; 3) Syntype [red label]; 4) Syntype
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931; 5) MNHN EC9224; 6) Paralectotype,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931, Des. Ruan & Douglas, 2020.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Additional material.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
One female and two males. 1♀ (IZCAS), labels: 1)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Hainan</emphasis>
|
||
Prov., Na-da (那大), Beijing Natural History Museum, leg. Sikong Liu, 1964.V.14 [in Chinese]; 2)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleut. Det. Siqin Ge; 3)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931 Det. Ruan, 2018. • 1♂ (IZCAS), labels: 1)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Yunnan</emphasis>
|
||
, Xi-shuang-ban-na, Meng-zhe (勐遮), 1700 m, Chinese Academy of Sciences [in Chinese]; 2) 1958.IV.22, leg. Shuyong Wang [in Chinese]; 3)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931 Det. Ruan, 2018. • 1♂ (IZCAS), labels: 1)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Yunnan</emphasis>
|
||
, Jing-dong, Dong-jia-feng (董家坟), 1250 m, 1956.VI.2; 2)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius magnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius magnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Fleutiaux, 1931 Det. Ruan, 2018.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">
|
||
This species has the largest body size in Chinese
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1931" class="Insecta" family="Elateridae" genus="Phorocardius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phorocardius" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Phorocardius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, with females up to 13.9 mm long and 4.5 mm wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47">Based on specimen information, this species inhabits low to middle elevations (0-1700 m) in south China and throughout Vietnam. It inhabits mountainous areas with subtropical to tropical climates and much rainfall. One specimen was collected in or near to tropical rain forest ("Xi-shuang-ban-na tropical rain forest"). Known from the Oriental Region only.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |