238 lines
25 KiB
XML
238 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="83A1C80D9FC5B16888FD6BD8672F4355" ID-CLB-Dataset="26820" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4604.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9db4515c-7f05-4cd4-b281-7b45861fe49c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2839265" ID-ZooBank="8EF9BFFE-BC10-41C0-AEF1-178984F955F1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1557917591468" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="López-García, Margarita M., Giraldo-Mendoza, Alfredo E. & Deloya, Cuauhtémoc" docDate="2019" docId="B31B08032424FF9EFF4FC1DCAF2AFD82" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4604.3.2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4604 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Tomarus ebenus" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="431" masterDocId="4F22707B2426FF9DFFD8C251AA63FF99" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic synopsis of the genus Tomarus Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) in Peru" masterLastPageNumber="440" masterPageNumber="428" pageNumber="430" updateTime="1698728627633" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6F979786CF3F45802EF6B12BD7E68FCF">Taxonomic synopsis of the genus Tomarus Erichson, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) in Peru</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A5D8A702B681A4C66DDBCCC3D03D6B56">López-García, Margarita M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="77F32E474550781030B0FDCDAFE5294C">Giraldo-Mendoza, Alfredo E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="35C12E468C0963D3E1C35CF2F7D38513">Deloya, Cuauhtémoc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8E1BD3773DCD7A50B9F561DE25FDB51C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B1549CB0916A870D592000FB411B02CD">2019</mods:date>
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<treatment id="B31B08032424FF9EFF4FC1DCAF2AFD82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5412537" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157141514" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5412537" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B31B08032424FF9EFF4FC1DCAF2AFD82" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B31B08032424FF9EFF4FC1DCAF2AFD82" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<subSubSection id="73A8EA9E2424FF9FFF4FC1DCA844FC3E" box="[151,551,909,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3B0DB9152424FF9FFF4FC1DCA844FC3E" blockId="2.[151,551,909,971]" box="[151,551,909,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<heading id="60450E792424FF9FFF4FC1DCA844FC3E" bold="true" box="[151,551,909,936]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FCB2C2962424FF9FFF4FC1DCA844FC3E" authority="(De Geer, 1774)" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[151,551,909,936]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebenus">
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<emphasis id="09C665072424FF9FFF4FC1DCA844FC3E" bold="true" box="[151,551,909,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<emphasis id="09C665072424FF9FFF4FC1DCAB3DFC31" bold="true" box="[151,350,909,936]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Tomarus ebenus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42424FF9FFEB5C1DCA87DFC3E" author="De Geer, C." box="[365,542,909,935]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" refId="ref6351" refString="De Geer, C. (1774) Memories pour Servir a l'Historie des Insectes. Vol. 4. L. L. Grefing, Stockholm, 456 pp." type="book" year="1774">De Geer, 1774</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="73A8EA9E2424FF9FFF4FC1E0AB71FC52" box="[151,274,944,971]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3B0DB9152424FF9FFF4FC1E0AB71FC52" blockId="2.[151,551,909,971]" box="[151,274,944,971]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="A389A5902424FF9FFF47C1E0AB69FC52" box="[159,266,944,971]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1872,1897]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,1126,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[153,1437,1121,1812]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Tomarus ebenus: 5, habitus; 6, parameres in frontal view; 7, parameres in lateral view; 8, locality records in Peru." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2839273/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Figs. 5–8</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="73A8EA9E2424FF9EFF4FC1A4A8C0FEDA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="3B0DB9152424FF9FFF4FC1A4A844FB94" blockId="2.[151,582,1013,1099]" box="[151,551,1013,1037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1BA29E3B2424FF9FFF4FC1A4A844FB94" box="[151,551,1013,1037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<taxonomicName id="FCB2C2962424FF9FFF4FC1A4A844FB94" ID-CoL="6XW83" authority="De Geer, 1774: 317" authorityName="De Geer" authorityPageNumber="317" authorityYear="1774" box="[151,551,1013,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebenus">
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<emphasis id="09C665072424FF9FFF4FC1A4AB39FB94" box="[151,346,1013,1037]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Scarabaeus ebenus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="BA139F042424FF9FFEB8C1A7A844FB94" author="De Geer, C." box="[352,551,1013,1037]" page="317" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" year="1774">
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<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42424FF9FFEB8C1A7AB94FB94" author="De Geer, C." box="[352,503,1013,1037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" refId="ref6351" refString="De Geer, C. (1774) Memories pour Servir a l'Historie des Insectes. Vol. 4. L. L. Grefing, Stockholm, 456 pp." type="book" year="1774">De Geer, 1774</bibRefCitation>
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: 317
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B0DB9152424FF9FFF4FC645A855FBB5" blockId="2.[151,582,1013,1099]" box="[151,566,1043,1068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="1BA29E3B2424FF9FFF4FC645A855FBB5" box="[151,566,1043,1068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<taxonomicName id="FCB2C2962424FF9FFF4FC645A855FBB5" ID-CoL="79W7M" authority="Fabricius, 1792: 31" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="31" authorityYear="1792" box="[151,566,1043,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cordatus">
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<emphasis id="09C665072424FF9FFF4FC645AB0FFBB5" box="[151,364,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Scarabaeus cordatus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="BA139F042424FF9FFEAAC642A855FBB5" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[370,566,1043,1068]" page="31" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" year="1792">
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<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42424FF9FFEAAC642A870FBB5" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[370,531,1043,1068]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" refId="ref6722" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1792) Entomologia Systematica. Vol. 1. Part 2. C. G. Proft et Storch, Copenhagen, 538 pp." type="book" year="1792">Fabricius, 1792</bibRefCitation>
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: 31
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3B0DB9152424FF9EFF4FC662AF1BFF65" blockId="2.[151,582,1013,1099]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,153,539]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1BA29E3B2424FF9EFF4FC662AF1BFF65" infered="true" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="431" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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||
<taxonomicName id="FCB2C2962424FF9FFF4FC662A825FBD2" authority="Perty, 1830: 46" authorityName="Perty" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1830" box="[151,582,1074,1099]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Cyclocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scarabaeina">
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<emphasis id="09C665072424FF9FFF4FC662ABC5FBD2" box="[151,422,1075,1099]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Cyclocephala scarabaeina</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="BA139F042424FF9FFE74C662A825FBD2" author="Perty, M." box="[428,582,1074,1099]" page="46" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" year="1830">
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<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42424FF9FFE74C662A840FBD2" author="Perty, M." box="[428,547,1075,1099]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" refId="ref7120" refString="Perty, M. (1830) Delectus animalium articulatorum, quae in iterene per Brasilian annis MDCCCXVIIMDCCCXX jussu et auspiciis Maximiliani Josephi I. Bavariae Regis Augustissimi Peracto Collegerunt Dr. J. B. de Spix et Dr. C. F. Ph. De Martins. Fascicle 1. Impensis editoris, Munich, 60 pp." type="book" year="1830">Perty, 1830</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 46
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="09C665072424FF9FFF4FC5EAAB71F84F" bold="true" box="[151,274,1979,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="FCB2C2962424FF9FFECFC5EDABAFF84C" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[279,460,1979,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebenus">
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||
<emphasis id="09C665072424FF9FFECFC5EDABAFF84C" box="[279,460,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Tomarus ebenus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
can be recognized by the antennal club subequal in length to antennomeres 2–7; clypeus trapezoidal (base 2 times wider than apex); clypeal teeth widely separated and transverse; frontoclypeal tubercles transverse; pronotum with rounded tubercle and small fovea; pronotal punctation small and sparse; males with inner claw of the protarsi enlarged and bifid; protibia tridentate, without basal denticles; apex of metatibia dentate and with 6–7 spinules; parameres wide at the base, strongly narrowed at apical third and dilated at apex (
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<figureCitation id="A389A5902425FF9EFB26C2B0AF09FF65" box="[1278,1386,225,252]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1872,1897]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,1126,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[153,1437,1121,1812]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Tomarus ebenus: 5, habitus; 6, parameres in frontal view; 7, parameres in lateral view; 8, locality records in Peru." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2839273/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Figs. 6–7</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="6FCDE99D2424FF9FFF4FC501AAAEF814" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2839273/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" startId="2.[151,264,1872,1897]" targetBox="[153,1435,1126,1812]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="3B0DB9152424FF9FFF4FC501AAAEF814" blockId="2.[151,1436,1872,1933]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">
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<emphasis id="09C665072424FF9FFF4FC501AB5FF8F0" bold="true" box="[151,316,1872,1897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">FIGURES 5–8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="FCB2C2962424FF9FFE9BC503AB8AF8F0" baseAuthorityName="De Geer" baseAuthorityYear="1774" box="[323,489,1873,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Tomarus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="430" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ebenus">
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<emphasis id="09C665072424FF9FFE9BC503AB8AF8F0" box="[323,489,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="430">Tomarus ebenus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: 5, habitus; 6, parameres in frontal view; 7, parameres in lateral view; 8, locality records in Peru.
|
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="3B0DB9152425FF9EFF1FC355A8C0FEDA" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
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<emphasis id="09C665072425FF9EFF1FC355AB92FE86" bold="true" box="[199,497,260,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
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Locality records (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A389A5902425FF9EFE43C355AB82FE86" box="[411,481,260,287]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1872,1897]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,1126,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[153,1437,1121,1812]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Tomarus ebenus: 5, habitus; 6, parameres in frontal view; 7, parameres in lateral view; 8, locality records in Peru." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2839273/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="8BDAB3482425FF9EFE21C354AE6DFE86" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2242235136" box="[505,1038,261,287]" collectionCode="FSCA, UNSM" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="2">
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<specimenCount id="2DB4729C2425FF9EFE21C354A833FE86" box="[505,592,261,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
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and
|
||
<specimenCount id="2DB4729C2425FF9EFD50C354A895FE86" box="[648,758,261,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
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from
|
||
<collectionCode id="5DA321D02425FF9EFCE4C354A9E3FE86" box="[828,896,261,287]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jekt-x82m" name="Florida State Collection of Arthropods, The Museum of Entomology" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" type="Museum">FSCA</collectionCode>
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and
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<collectionCode id="5DA321D02425FF9EFC61C354AE6DFE86" box="[953,1038,261,287]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34868" name="University of Nebraska State Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">UNSM</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
|
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.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="8BDAB3482425FF9EFBC1C354AF23FE86" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2242235139" box="[1049,1344,261,287]" collectionCode="CMNC" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" specimenCount="2">
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<specimenCount id="2DB4729C2425FF9EFBC1C354AEC7FE86" box="[1049,1188,261,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
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from
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<collectionCode id="5DA321D02425FF9EFB32C354AF23FE86" box="[1258,1344,261,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">CMNC</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="8BDAB3482425FF9EFA94C354A8FCFEDA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2242235142" location="Iquitos" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loreto">
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<emphasis id="09C665072425FF9EFA94C354AAA2FEDA" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
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<collectingRegion id="F97677F72425FF9EFA94C354AFFFFE86" box="[1356,1436,261,287]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Loreto</collectingRegion>
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||
(7):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Explorama Inn,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="2ABFA0372425FF9EFEA5C379A821FEDA" box="[381,578,296,323]" location="Iquitos" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
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<quantity id="FC4A14F02425FF9EFEA5C379ABDDFEDA" box="[381,446,296,323]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.02336" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" unit="mi" value="25.0">25 mi</quantity>
|
||
NE Iquitos
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="3E6DEFCE2425FF9EFD96C378A8FCFEDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B31B08032424FF9EFF4FC1DCAF2AFD82:3E6DEFCE2425FF9EFD96C378A8FCFEDA" box="[590,671,297,323]" name="Iquitos" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" stateProvince="Loreto">Iquitos</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="73A8EA9E2425FF9EFF1FC31CA906FEFE" box="[199,869,332,359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="3B0DB9152425FF9EFF1FC31CA906FEFE" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,539]" box="[199,869,332,359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
|
||
<emphasis id="09C665072425FF9EFF1FC31CABB4FEFE" bold="true" box="[199,471,332,359]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Temporal distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
February (2), July (1), October (4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="73A8EA9E2425FF9EFF1FC321AF2AFD82" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="3B0DB9152425FF9EFF1FC321AB5EFE6E" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
|
||
<emphasis id="09C665072425FF9EFF1FC321AB02FE12" bold="true" box="[199,353,368,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFEBEC320ABDDFE12" box="[358,446,369,395]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFE10C320A827FE12" box="[456,580,369,395]" name="Guatemala" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFD96C320A8F5FE12" box="[590,662,369,395]" name="Belize" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42425FF9EFD7BC320A9E7FE12" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D. & Cano, E. B." box="[675,900,369,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" pagination="1 - 666" refId="ref7384" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C., Cave, R. D. & Cano, E. B. (2013) The dynastine scarab beetles of Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 27, 1 - 666." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Ratcliffe
|
||
<emphasis id="09C665072425FF9EFCD4C323A920FE12" box="[780,835,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFC4EC320AE65FE12" box="[918,1030,369,395]" name="Honduras" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Honduras</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFBC8C320AEE0FE12" box="[1040,1155,369,395]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42425FF9EFB48C320AFF3FE15" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D." box="[1168,1424,369,396]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" pagination="1 - 424" refId="ref7276" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D. (2006) The dynastine scarab beetles of Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 21, 1 - 424." type="journal article" year="2006">Ratcliffe & Cave 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFF4FC3C4AB74FE36" box="[151,279,405,431]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFEFCC3C4AB1EFE36" box="[292,381,405,431]" name="Panama" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42425FF9EFE56C3C4A854FE36" author="Ratcliffe, B. C." box="[398,567,405,431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" pagination="1 - 506" refId="ref7242" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. (2003) The dynastine scarab beetles of Costa Rica and Panama. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 16, 1 - 506." type="journal article" year="2003">Ratcliffe 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFD95C3C4A8D8FE36" box="[589,699,405,431]" name="Colombia" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42425FF9EFD14C3C4A991FE36" author="Lopez-Garcia, M. M. & Gasca-Alvarez, H. J. & Amat-Garcia, G." box="[716,1010,404,431]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" pagination="451 - 492" refId="ref6909" refString="Lopez-Garcia, M. M., Gasca-Alvarez, H. J. & Amat-Garcia, G. (2015) The scarab beetle tribe Pentodontini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) of Colombia: taxonomy, natural history, and distribution. Zootaxa, 4048 (4), 451 - 492. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4048.4.1" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
López-García
|
||
<emphasis id="09C665072425FF9EFCAAC3C7A9CEFE36" box="[882,941,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFBD0C3C4AE18FE36" box="[1032,1147,405,431]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42425FF9EFB54C3C4AFF3FE29" author="Escalona, H. E. & Joly, L. J." box="[1164,1424,405,432]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" pagination="111 - 137" refId="ref6677" refString="Escalona, H. E. & Joly, L. J. (2006) El genero Ligyrus Burmeister, 1847 en Venezuela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). Boletin Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 39, 111 - 137." type="journal article" year="2006">Escalona & Joly 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFF4FC3E8AA9AFE4A" box="[151,249,441,467]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFEDBC3E8AB34FE4A" box="[259,343,441,467]" name="Guyana" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFEB9C3E8ABF4FE4A" box="[353,407,441,467]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFE79C3E8AB95FE4A" box="[417,502,441,467]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFDD8C3E8A827FE4A" box="[512,580,441,467]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Endr̂di 1985),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFCDAC3E8A910FE4A" box="[770,883,441,467]" name="Dominica" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Dominica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFCA5C3E8AE64FE4A" box="[893,1031,441,467]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFBC9C3E8AEF3FE4A" box="[1041,1168,441,467]" name="Martinique" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Martinique</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="43A5F9852425FF9EFB10C3E8AF4FFE4A" box="[1224,1324,441,467]" name="Saint Lucia" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">St. Lucia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5F23C4E42425FF9EFAE1C3E8AB51FE6E" author="Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D." pageId="3" pageNumber="431" pagination="1 - 346" refId="ref7320" refString="Ratcliffe, B. C. & Cave, R. D. (2015) The dynastine scarab beetles of the West Indies (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae). Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 28, 1 - 346. https: // doi. org / 10.2317 / kent- 88 - 02 - 186 - 207.1" type="journal article" year="2015">Ratcliffe & Cave 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3B0DB9152425FF9EFF1FC050AF2AFD82" blockId="3.[151,1437,153,539]" box="[199,1353,512,539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">
|
||
<emphasis id="09C665072425FF9EFF1FC050ABE6FD82" bold="true" box="[199,389,512,539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="431">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
The examined specimens were found at about
|
||
<quantity id="FC4A14F02425FF9EFC4CC050A9B8FD82" box="[916,987,513,539]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="431" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation in the Amazon region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |