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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6280454" ID-GBIF-Dataset="647046fe-0ee5-401d-b4f8-aea0355fde7f" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124407418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6280454" checkinTime="1471630429166" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Piotr Naskrecki" docDate="2000" docId="634387D1A353FFB215A4FBAEFD2F3AAA" docLanguage="en" docName="Naskrecki_KCR_2000.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Philadelphia, PA: The Orthopterists Society at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia," docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Subria Stal 1874" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageId="124" lastPageNumber="121" masterDocId="9F7AFFA9A32AFFCE167AFFC3FFF13C6E" masterDocTitle="Katydids of Costa Rica / Vol. 1, Systematics and bioacoustics of the cone-head katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae sensu lato)." pageId="121" pageNumber="118" updateTime="1645797358202" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Katydids of Costa Rica / Vol. 1, Systematics and bioacoustics of the cone-head katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae sensu lato).</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Piotr Naskrecki</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:originInfo>
<mods:dateIssued>2000</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher>The Orthopterists Society at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia,</mods:publisher>
<mods:place>
<mods:placeTerm>Philadelphia, PA</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:classification>book</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.270035</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">647046fe-0ee5-401d-b4f8-aea0355fde7f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">270035</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6280454" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124407418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6280454" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:634387D1A353FFB215A4FBAEFD2F3AAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/634387D1A353FFB215A4FBAEFD2F3AAA" lastPageId="124" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">
<subSubSection box="[990,1187,1133,1155]" pageId="121" pageNumber="118" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="121.[990,1187,1133,1155]" box="[990,1187,1133,1155]" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">
<heading box="[990,1187,1133,1155]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="14" pageId="121" pageNumber="118" reason="4">
<taxonomicName authority="Stal, 1874" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1874" box="[990,1187,1133,1155]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[990,1082,1133,1154]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">SUBRIA</emphasis>
Stål, 1874
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="121" pageNumber="118" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="121.[794,1351,1193,1305]" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">
1874 Stål, Rec. Orth. 2: 114;
<typeStatus box="[1083,1130,1194,1215]" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName authority="Stal, 1874" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1874" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis box="[1223,1351,1193,1214]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">Subria nitida</emphasis>
Stål, 1874
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="121.[794,1351,1193,1305]" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">
1999 Naskrecki and Otte, Illustr. Cat. Orthop. I (
<collectionCode box="[1300,1337,1253,1274]" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">CD</collectionCode>
<collectionCode box="[852,911,1283,1305]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">ROM</collectionCode>
) &gt;&gt;full references
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="121.[794,1383,1343,1730]" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[817,877,1343,1364]" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">Note:</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName box="[995,1059,1343,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[995,1059,1343,1364]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">Subria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
currently includes 9 described species (plus 3 additional species from
<collectingCountry box="[1220,1334,1373,1395]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[794,879,1404,1425]" name="Panama" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">
<collectingRegion box="[794,879,1404,1425]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">Panama</collectingRegion>
</collectingCountry>
described below), 6 of which (including the
<typeStatus box="[1335,1382,1404,1425]" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus) are known from the neotropics. The remaining 3 species are known from the Australasian and Indo-Malaysian regions, and most likely should be placed in a separate genus, as were several other species originally described in the genus
<taxonomicName box="[1106,1170,1556,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1106,1170,1556,1577]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="118">Subria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation author="Ingrisch, S." box="[1226,1373,1556,1578]" journalOrPublisher="Cour. Forsch. - Inst. Senckenberg" pageId="121" pageNumber="118" pagination="1 - 391" part="206" refString="Ingrisch, S. 1998. Monograph of the Oriental Agraeciini (Insecta, Ensifera, Tettigoniidae): Taxonomic revision, phylogeny, biogeography, stridulation and development. Cour. Forsch. - Inst. Senckenberg 206: 1 - 391." title="Monograph of the Oriental Agraeciini (Insecta, Ensifera, Tettigoniidae): Taxonomic revision, phylogeny, biogeography, stridulation and development" type="journal article" year="1998">Ingrisch 1998</bibRefCitation>
). All Neotropical members of the genus are currently subjects of a taxonomic review, focusing on the acoustic behavior of several species (Naskrecki and Morris, in prep.). The generic description below is based on the neotropical representatives of the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="BF95664FA350FFB416EDFF0DFCB43C8D" box="[151,837,206,228]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BF95664FA350FFB416EDFF0DFCB43C8D" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" targetBox="[151,1350,262,620]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="122">
<paragraph blockId="122.[151,837,206,228]" box="[151,837,206,228]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,266,206,227]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">TABLE 24.</emphasis>
Key for identification of Costa Rican species of
<taxonomicName box="[773,837,206,227]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Subria</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<table box="[151,1350,262,620]" gridcols="5" gridrows="4" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<tr box="[151,1350,262,284]" gridrow="0" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<th box="[151,255,262,284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Species</th>
<th box="[272,523,262,284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Coloration</th>
<th box="[567,834,262,284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Male pronotum</th>
<th box="[861,1124,262,284]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Male cerci</th>
<th box="[1134,1350,262,284]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Stridulatory file</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[151,1350,318,396]" gridrow="1" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<th box="[151,255,318,396]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<heading box="[151,243,318,339]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="14" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" reason="4">
<taxonomicName box="[151,243,318,339]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis box="[151,243,318,339]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">sylvestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</th>
<td box="[272,523,318,396]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<heading box="[272,523,318,340]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="14" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" reason="4">light green, olive green,</heading>
or light brown
</td>
<td box="[567,834,318,396]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<heading box="[567,833,318,340]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="14" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" reason="4">short, covers at most half</heading>
<heading box="[567,833,346,368]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="14" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" reason="4">of stridulatory apparatus</heading>
(
<figureCitation box="[574,646,374,396]" captionStart="FIG. 32" captionStartId="119.[174,218,1684,1706]" captionTargetBox="[240,1330,204,1602]" captionTargetId="figure@119.[240,1331,204,1603]" captionTargetPageId="119" captionText="FIG. 32. Costa Rican species of Eriolus. A-D. E. penicillus: A. male cerci, dorsal view, B. ovipositor, C. epiphallus, posterior view, D. epiphallus, lateral view, E-G. E. acutipennis: E. male cerci, dorsal view, F. ovipositor, G. titillators." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270068/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
B)
</td>
<td box="[861,1124,318,396]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
apex of cercus incised, with large, ventral, subapical lobe (
<figureCitation box="[1027,1098,374,396]" captionStart="FIG. 37" captionStartId="135.[174,218,1655,1677]" captionTargetBox="[227,1329,204,1640]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[227,1330,204,1640]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIG. 37. Costa Rican species of Conocephalinae s. l. A. Erioloides longipennis - female ovipositing, B. Erioloides longinoi - male, C. Eriolus penicillus - female, D. Conocephalus cinereus - male, macropterous form, E. Neoconocephalus triops - male, brown form, F. Sphyrometopa atlantica - male, inset - nymph." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270073/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
D)
</td>
<td box="[1134,1350,318,396]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
with about 180 teeth (
<figureCitation box="[1141,1212,346,369]" captionStart="FIG. 49" captionStartId="147.[174,218,1684,1706]" captionTargetBox="[241,1314,204,1640]" captionTargetId="figure@147.[241,1315,204,1640]" captionTargetPageId="147" captionText="FIG. 49. Stridulatory files of species of Erioloides. A. E. longipennis, B. ditto, variation, C. E. macrocephalus, D. E. brevipennis, E. E. latiscobinus, F. E. consobrinus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270085/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
A)
</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[151,1350,430,508]" gridrow="2" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<th box="[151,255,430,508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<heading box="[151,250,430,451]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="14" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" reason="4">
<taxonomicName box="[151,250,430,451]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis box="[151,250,430,451]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</th>
<td box="[272,523,430,508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<heading box="[272,485,430,452]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="14" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" reason="4">light to dark brown,</heading>
never green
</td>
<td box="[567,834,430,508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
metazona expanded, covers entire stridulatory apparatus (
<figureCitation box="[687,758,486,508]" captionStart="FIG. 32" captionStartId="119.[174,218,1684,1706]" captionTargetBox="[240,1330,204,1602]" captionTargetId="figure@119.[240,1331,204,1603]" captionTargetPageId="119" captionText="FIG. 32. Costa Rican species of Eriolus. A-D. E. penicillus: A. male cerci, dorsal view, B. ovipositor, C. epiphallus, posterior view, D. epiphallus, lateral view, E-G. E. acutipennis: E. male cerci, dorsal view, F. ovipositor, G. titillators." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270068/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
C)
</td>
<td box="[861,1124,430,508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
cercus about twice as long as thick, with large apical spine (
<figureCitation box="[1001,1071,486,508]" captionStart="FIG. 37" captionStartId="135.[174,218,1655,1677]" captionTargetBox="[227,1329,204,1640]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[227,1330,204,1640]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIG. 37. Costa Rican species of Conocephalinae s. l. A. Erioloides longipennis - female ovipositing, B. Erioloides longinoi - male, C. Eriolus penicillus - female, D. Conocephalus cinereus - male, macropterous form, E. Neoconocephalus triops - male, brown form, F. Sphyrometopa atlantica - male, inset - nymph." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270073/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
E)
</td>
<td box="[1134,1350,430,508]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<heading box="[1134,1350,430,452]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="14" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" reason="4">with about 140 teeth</heading>
(
<figureCitation box="[1141,1212,458,481]" captionStart="FIG. 48" captionStartId="146.[151,195,1655,1677]" captionTargetBox="[219,1290,204,1635]" captionTargetId="figure@146.[219,1290,204,1636]" captionTargetPageId="146" captionText="FIG. 48. Stridulatory files of Costa Rican species of Conocephalinae s. l. A. Sphyrometopa femorata, C. Sphyrometopa atlantica, C. ditto, enlarged fragment, D. Eppia truncatipennis, enlarged fragment, E. ditto, entire file, F. Caulopsis cuspidata, entire file, G. ditto, enlarged fragment, H. Caulopsis microprora, enlarged fragment, I. ditto, entire file." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270084/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
G)
</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[151,1350,542,620]" gridrow="3" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<th box="[151,255,542,620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<taxonomicName box="[151,255,543,564]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicerca">
<emphasis box="[151,255,543,564]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">crassicerca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td box="[272,523,542,620]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">light to dark brown, never green</td>
<td box="[567,834,542,620]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
metazona expanded, covers entire stridulatory apparatus (
<figureCitation box="[687,758,598,620]" captionStart="FIG. 32" captionStartId="119.[174,218,1684,1706]" captionTargetBox="[240,1330,204,1602]" captionTargetId="figure@119.[240,1331,204,1603]" captionTargetPageId="119" captionText="FIG. 32. Costa Rican species of Eriolus. A-D. E. penicillus: A. male cerci, dorsal view, B. ovipositor, C. epiphallus, posterior view, D. epiphallus, lateral view, E-G. E. acutipennis: E. male cerci, dorsal view, F. ovipositor, G. titillators." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270068/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
D)
</td>
<td box="[861,1124,542,620]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
cercus nearly as thick as long, with large apical spine (
<figureCitation box="[1001,1071,598,620]" captionStart="FIG. 37" captionStartId="135.[174,218,1655,1677]" captionTargetBox="[227,1329,204,1640]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[227,1330,204,1640]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIG. 37. Costa Rican species of Conocephalinae s. l. A. Erioloides longipennis - female ovipositing, B. Erioloides longinoi - male, C. Eriolus penicillus - female, D. Conocephalus cinereus - male, macropterous form, E. Neoconocephalus triops - male, brown form, F. Sphyrometopa atlantica - male, inset - nymph." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270073/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
F)
</td>
<td box="[1134,1350,542,620]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
with about 200 teeth (
<figureCitation box="[1141,1213,570,593]" captionStart="FIG. 48" captionStartId="146.[151,195,1655,1677]" captionTargetBox="[219,1290,204,1635]" captionTargetId="figure@146.[219,1290,204,1636]" captionTargetPageId="146" captionText="FIG. 48. Stridulatory files of Costa Rican species of Conocephalinae s. l. A. Sphyrometopa femorata, C. Sphyrometopa atlantica, C. ditto, enlarged fragment, D. Eppia truncatipennis, enlarged fragment, E. ditto, entire file, F. Caulopsis cuspidata, entire file, G. ditto, enlarged fragment, H. Caulopsis microprora, enlarged fragment, I. ditto, entire file." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270084/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
H)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection pageId="122" pageNumber="119" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="122.[151,740,659,916]" box="[151,262,659,681]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,262,659,681]" fontSize="9" level="13" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" reason="6">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,262,659,681]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="122.[151,740,659,916]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
Body moderately robust; both sexes macropterous (
<figureCitation box="[158,241,718,740]" captionStart="FIG. 33" captionStartId="123.[174,218,1626,1648]" captionTargetBox="[180,1374,189,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@123.[180,1374,189,1621]" captionTargetPageId="123" captionText="FIG. 33. Subria spp. A. S. sylvestris - male, habitus, B. S. sylvestris - male head and pronotum, dorsal view, C. S. scutellaris - ditto, D. S. crassicerca - ditto, E. S. scutellaris - male head and pronotum, lateral view, F. S. crassicerca - ditto, G. S. scutellaris - apex of right titillator, H. S. crassicerca - ditto, I. S. sylvestris - titillators, J. S. sylvestris - ovipositor, K. S. sylvestris - female subgenital plate, L. S. nitida - ditto." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270069/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Figs. 33</figureCitation>
A, 36H); tegumen smooth. Fastigium of vertex rounded, about as wide as scapus; tegumen of head smooth, no traces of genal carinae present; frons flat or weakly convex; eyes small. Legs moderately robust, armed on lower margins with small spines. Male cercus armed apically with 1 or 2 spines; ovipositor upcurved, slightly expanded midlength, apex pointed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="124" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="122.[151,740,953,1738]" box="[151,601,953,975]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,280,953,975]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Description</emphasis>
(male except where specified)
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="122.[151,740,953,1738]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis box="[174,225,982,1003]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Head</emphasis>
.— Fastigium of vertex rounded apically, weakly protruding in front of eyes, about as wide as scapus; fastigium of vertex continuous with fastigium of frons. Eyes small relative to size of head, not particularly protruding. Frons flat or weakly convex, smooth; tegmen of head smooth, without traces of genal carinae. Mouthparts symmetrical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="122.[151,740,953,1738]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis box="[174,349,1187,1209]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Thorax and wings.</emphasis>
— Dorsal surface of pronotum smooth and glossy, flat or weakly convex; anterior dorsal margin straight, posterior one moderately to strongly convex; metazona often expanded, entirely covering stridulatory apparatus (
<figureCitation box="[343,425,1305,1327]" captionStart="FIG. 33" captionStartId="123.[174,218,1626,1648]" captionTargetBox="[180,1374,189,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@123.[180,1374,189,1621]" captionTargetPageId="123" captionText="FIG. 33. Subria spp. A. S. sylvestris - male, habitus, B. S. sylvestris - male head and pronotum, dorsal view, C. S. scutellaris - ditto, D. S. crassicerca - ditto, E. S. scutellaris - male head and pronotum, lateral view, F. S. crassicerca - ditto, G. S. scutellaris - apex of right titillator, H. S. crassicerca - ditto, I. S. sylvestris - titillators, J. S. sylvestris - ovipositor, K. S. sylvestris - female subgenital plate, L. S. nitida - ditto." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270069/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Figs. 33</figureCitation>
B-D); lateral lobes 2-2.2 times as long as high, humeral sinus weakly indicated. Thoracic auditory spiracle large, elliptical, completely hidden under lateral lobe of pronotum; posterior edge of spiracle with small, finger-like projection. Prosternum unarmed; mesosternum with basisterna approximately triangular, oblique; metasternum unmodified or metasternal presternum with two, spine-like projections.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="122.[151,740,953,1738]" lastBlockId="122.[771,1361,659,1738]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
Wings in both sexes fully developed, surpassing apices of hind
<taxonomicName box="[270,345,1569,1591]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Sphyrometopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femora">femora</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[359,440,1569,1591]" captionStart="FIG. 33" captionStartId="123.[174,218,1626,1648]" captionTargetBox="[180,1374,189,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@123.[180,1374,189,1621]" captionTargetPageId="123" captionText="FIG. 33. Subria spp. A. S. sylvestris - male, habitus, B. S. sylvestris - male head and pronotum, dorsal view, C. S. scutellaris - ditto, D. S. crassicerca - ditto, E. S. scutellaris - male head and pronotum, lateral view, F. S. crassicerca - ditto, G. S. scutellaris - apex of right titillator, H. S. crassicerca - ditto, I. S. sylvestris - titillators, J. S. sylvestris - ovipositor, K. S. sylvestris - female subgenital plate, L. S. nitida - ditto." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270069/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Figs. 33</figureCitation>
A, 36H). Stridulatory apparatus of male well developed; stridulatory file weakly curved (
<figureCitation box="[246,335,1627,1649]" captionStart="FIG. 50" captionStartId="148.[151,195,1684,1706]" captionTargetBox="[204,1306,204,1665]" captionTargetId="figure@148.[204,1307,204,1665]" captionTargetPageId="148" captionText="FIG. 50. Stridulatory files of Costa Rican species of Conocephalinae s. l. A. Erioloides longinoi, C. Erioloides sikesi, C. Erioloides acutidentis, D. Eriolus duplidentis, E. Eriolus aculeus, F. Eriolus penicillus, G. Subria scutellaris, H. Subria crassicerca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270086/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Figs. 50</figureCitation>
G-H. 51A), with evenly distributed, lamelliform teeth; stridulatory area of both wings with no secondary venation; mirror of right wing nearly square, with weak veinlet closely parallel to AA1. Posterior margin of front wing straight; apex of front wing narrowly rounded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="122.[771,1361,659,1738]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis box="[794,845,719,740]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Legs.</emphasis>
— Fore coxa with an elongate, forward projecting spine dorsally; middle and hind coxa with ventral spinelike lobes on posterior margins; all trochanters unarmed. All
<taxonomicName box="[807,881,806,828]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Sphyrometopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femora">femora</taxonomicName>
unarmed dorsally; fore and mid
<taxonomicName box="[1214,1288,806,828]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Sphyrometopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femora">femora</taxonomicName>
armed only on anterior ventral margins, hind
<taxonomicName box="[1178,1253,835,857]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Sphyrometopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femora">femora</taxonomicName>
armed on both ventral margins with small spines; genicular lobes of all
<taxonomicName box="[832,907,894,916]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Sphyrometopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femora">femora</taxonomicName>
armed with short spines, sometimes anterior lobes of fore and mid
<taxonomicName box="[1055,1130,923,945]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Sphyrometopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="122" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femora">femora</taxonomicName>
unarmed. Front tibia unarmed dorsally, both ventral margins with immovable spines as long as diameter of tibia. Tympanum on fore tibia bilaterally closed, tympanal slits facing forward, tympanal area moderately swollen, with pair of small pits below tympanal slits; middle tibia unarmed dorsally, ventrally armed on both margins; hind tibia armed on all four dorsal and ventral margins; apex of tibia with two pairs of ventral and one pair of dorsal movable spurs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="122.[771,1361,659,1738]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
<emphasis box="[794,893,1187,1208]" italics="true" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Abdomen.</emphasis>
— Dorsal surface of abdominal terga smooth, unmodified. Male 10th tergite moderately to strongly incised apically; female 10th tergite with deep furrow along midline, narrowly incised apically; supraanal plate small, triangular. Male cercus stout, weakly incurved, with 1 or 2 apical spines, sometimes apex of cercus incised; female cercus, simple, narrowly conical. Subgenital plate of male with a pair of styli and shallow apical emargination; female subgenital plate much wider than long, with posterior angles forming small, pointed, widely separated lobes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="122.[771,1361,659,1738]" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">
Epiphallus with a pair of sclerotized, blunt convexities, covered by the phallic membrane but without well developed, strongly sclerotized titillators (
<figureCitation box="[1229,1312,1569,1591]" captionStart="FIG. 33" captionStartId="123.[174,218,1626,1648]" captionTargetBox="[180,1374,189,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@123.[180,1374,189,1621]" captionTargetPageId="123" captionText="FIG. 33. Subria spp. A. S. sylvestris - male, habitus, B. S. sylvestris - male head and pronotum, dorsal view, C. S. scutellaris - ditto, D. S. crassicerca - ditto, E. S. scutellaris - male head and pronotum, lateral view, F. S. crassicerca - ditto, G. S. scutellaris - apex of right titillator, H. S. crassicerca - ditto, I. S. sylvestris - titillators, J. S. sylvestris - ovipositor, K. S. sylvestris - female subgenital plate, L. S. nitida - ditto." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270069/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Figs. 33</figureCitation>
G-I). Ovipositor long and narrow, straight or weakly curved in apical third, narrowed in basal part (
<figureCitation box="[1207,1282,1627,1650]" captionStart="FIG. 33" captionStartId="123.[174,218,1626,1648]" captionTargetBox="[180,1374,189,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@123.[180,1374,189,1621]" captionTargetPageId="123" captionText="FIG. 33. Subria spp. A. S. sylvestris - male, habitus, B. S. sylvestris - male head and pronotum, dorsal view, C. S. scutellaris - ditto, D. S. crassicerca - ditto, E. S. scutellaris - male head and pronotum, lateral view, F. S. crassicerca - ditto, G. S. scutellaris - apex of right titillator, H. S. crassicerca - ditto, I. S. sylvestris - titillators, J. S. sylvestris - ovipositor, K. S. sylvestris - female subgenital plate, L. S. nitida - ditto." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270069/files/figure.png" pageId="122" pageNumber="119">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
J); both dorsal and ventral margins of ovipositor smooth; apex of upper valvula rounded; ovipositor shorter or considerably longer than hind femur.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270069/files/figure.png" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" targetBox="[180,1374,189,1618]" targetPageId="123">
<paragraph blockId="123.[174,1383,1626,1735]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[174,261,1626,1648]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">FIG. 33.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[268,333,1626,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[268,333,1626,1647]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">Subria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[394,419,1626,1647]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">A.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[427,546,1626,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis box="[427,546,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. sylvestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- male, habitus,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[729,751,1626,1647]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">B.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[759,878,1626,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis box="[759,878,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. sylvestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- male head and pronotum, dorsal view,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1331,1355,1626,1648]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">C.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- ditto,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[351,377,1655,1676]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">D.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[382,509,1655,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicerca">
<emphasis box="[382,509,1655,1677]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. crassicerca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- ditto,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[587,607,1655,1676]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">E.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[612,735,1655,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis box="[612,735,1655,1676]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- male head and pronotum, lateral view,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1160,1175,1655,1676]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">F.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[1182,1309,1655,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicerca">
<emphasis box="[1182,1309,1655,1677]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. crassicerca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- ditto,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[174,200,1684,1706]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">G.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[205,329,1684,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis box="[205,329,1684,1705]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- apex of right titillator,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[582,608,1684,1705]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">H.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[613,741,1684,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicerca">
<emphasis box="[613,741,1684,1705]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. crassicerca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- ditto,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[821,836,1684,1705]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">I.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[842,958,1684,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis box="[842,958,1684,1705]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. sylvestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- titillators,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1083,1099,1684,1705]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">J.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[1104,1221,1684,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis box="[1104,1221,1684,1705]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. sylvestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- ovipositor,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1358,1383,1684,1705]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">K.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[174,291,1713,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis box="[174,291,1713,1734]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. sylvestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- female subgenital plate,
<emphasis bold="true" box="[570,590,1713,1734]" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">L.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName box="[596,678,1713,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis box="[596,678,1713,1734]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="120">S. nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- ditto.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="BF95664FA356FFB216EDFF0CFD123D6C" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/BF95664FA356FFB216EDFF0CFD123D6C" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" targetBox="[151,1323,293,661]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="124">
<paragraph blockId="124.[151,827,207,258]" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,267,207,228]" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">TABLE 25.</emphasis>
Body measurements of Costa Rican species of
<taxonomicName box="[763,827,207,228]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[763,827,207,228]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Subria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(all measurements are lengths in mm: range, mean±SD)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<table box="[151,1323,293,661]" gridcols="5" gridrows="4" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<tr box="[151,1323,293,315]" gridrow="0" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<th box="[151,461,293,315]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Species Body</th>
<th box="[484,673,293,315]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Tegmen</th>
<th box="[717,882,293,315]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Pronotum</th>
<th box="[907,1097,293,315]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Hind femur</th>
<th box="[1134,1323,293,315]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Ovipositor</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[151,1323,351,431]" gridrow="1" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<th box="[151,461,351,431]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName box="[151,243,351,372]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis box="[151,243,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">sylvestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male 35.5-37.2, 36.1±0.6 female 39.5-52.1, 42.1±4.3
</th>
<td box="[484,673,351,431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">26.9-30.1, 28.1±1.1 31-43, 33.3±4.1</td>
<td box="[717,882,351,431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">7.1-18.2, 9.1±4.5 6.8-8, 7.3±0.4</td>
<td box="[907,1097,351,431]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">17.4-19.5, 18.4±0.9 19.6-22.5, 20.5±0.9</td>
<td box="[1134,1323,351,431]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">na 13.2-15, 14.1±0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[151,1323,466,546]" gridrow="2" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<th box="[151,461,466,546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<heading box="[151,250,466,487]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="14" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" reason="4">
<taxonomicName box="[151,250,466,487]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis box="[151,250,466,487]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
male 28-28.2, 28.1±0.1 female 33.4-37.4, 35.4±2.8
</th>
<td box="[484,673,466,546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">19.7-19.9, 19.8±0.1 25.2-27.7, 26.5±1.8</td>
<td box="[717,882,466,546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">7.9-8.1, 8±0.11 8.1-8.6, 8.4±0.4</td>
<td box="[907,1097,466,546]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">4.7-15.7, 15.2±0.7 17-18.6, 17.8±1.1</td>
<td box="[1134,1323,466,546]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">na 12.3-14.5, 13.4±1.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[151,1323,582,661]" gridrow="3" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<th box="[151,461,582,661]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName box="[151,255,582,603]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicerca">
<emphasis box="[151,255,582,603]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">crassicerca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male 34.8-37.6, 36.5±1.3 female 41.6-43.9, 42.7±0.9
</th>
<td box="[484,673,582,661]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">26.2-28.9, 27.4±1.2 31.5-34, 32.6±1</td>
<td box="[717,882,582,661]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">8.4-9.5, 9±0.5 8.9-9.5, 9.2±0.2</td>
<td box="[907,1097,582,661]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">18.9-22, 20.4±1.3 21.2-22.9, 22.1±0.6</td>
<td box="[1134,1323,582,661]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">na 14.2-16, 15.2±0.7</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="124.[151,740,722,1732]" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis box="[174,284,722,743]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Coloration.</emphasis>
— General coloration variable, green, olive green, brown (
<figureCitation box="[306,379,751,773]" captionStart="FIG. 36" captionStartId="134.[151,196,1655,1677]" captionTargetBox="[239,1270,204,1639]" captionTargetId="figure@134.[239,1270,204,1640]" captionTargetPageId="134" captionText="FIG. 36. Costa Rican species of Conocephalinae s. l. A. Conocephalus angustifrons - male, B. Caulopsis cuspidata - female, C. Acantheremus colwelli - male, D. Vestria punctata - male and female, in copula, E. Copiphora hastata - male, F. Podacanthophorus vargasi - female, G. Copiphora rhinoceros - male eating a snail, H. Subria sylvestris - male, brown form." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270072/files/figure.png" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
H) or pinkish; often several different color morphs can be encountered within a single population of one species. In most species dorsum of pronotum with a dark, wide band, bordered with narrow, yellow or white stripes; tegmina often with numerous, small dark speckles; outer pagina of hind femur often with distinct, reticulate pattern.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="124" pageNumber="121" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="124.[151,740,722,1732]" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis box="[174,258,954,975]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Remarks</emphasis>
.— Costa Rican representatives of the genus can be found on vegetation from the canopy to low understory levels of both the primary and secondary forests. Canopy fogging in the Atlantic lowland forest of La Selva Biological Station often results in collecting a high number of immature individuals of
<taxonomicName box="[521,634,1100,1121]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis box="[521,634,1100,1121]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">S. sylvestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although adult individuals of this species are very common on broad-leafed plants in the low understory. At Las Cruces Biological Station, individuals of
<taxonomicName box="[508,633,1187,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis box="[508,633,1187,1208]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">S. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can often be found along trails on vegetation at the level of about
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
and more.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="124" pageNumber="121" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="124.[151,740,722,1732]" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
Species of
<taxonomicName box="[285,349,1274,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[285,349,1274,1295]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Subria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are omnivorous and have been seen feeding on a variety of animal and plant material, including caterpillars and pupae of
<taxonomicName box="[483,618,1332,1354]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
, fruits and flowers of a variety of plants, and the bark of the tree
<taxonomicName box="[151,377,1390,1411]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pentaclethra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macroloba">
<emphasis box="[151,377,1390,1411]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Pentaclethra macroloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[390,526,1390,1412]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Mimosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="family">Mimosaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="124.[151,740,722,1732]" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">
Males of
<taxonomicName box="[273,337,1419,1440]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[273,337,1419,1440]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Subria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. produce quiet, low Q calls, consisting of either paired lisps or short bouts of rattle-like chirps. Males of
<taxonomicName box="[319,441,1477,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">
<emphasis box="[319,441,1477,1499]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">S. scutellaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
alternate their chirps if more than one individual is singing, while
<taxonomicName box="[562,682,1506,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Subria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
<emphasis box="[562,682,1506,1528]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">S. sylvestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not show any kind of synchrony among singing males. Courtship behavior also includes substrate tremulation, where males produce short bouts of vigorous body shaking, but unlike the genus
<taxonomicName box="[433,533,1623,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Copiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[433,533,1623,1644]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="121">Copiphora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females do not respond with similar tremulations. Copulation results in production of a spermatophore with a large, gelatinous spermatophylax. Females deposit eggs in plant tissues.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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